Leptin - Science topic

Background Asthma and obesity are both characterized by inflammation. However, the combined impact of these conditions on inflammatory mechanisms in children has not been studied extensively. To address this gap, we investigated the interaction effects of asthma and obesity on inflammation in children. Methods The multiplex and singleplex assays w...

This abstract delves into the intricate nature of impulsivity and its ramifications across psychiatric disorders, leveraging advancements in neuroimaging and psychological studies. It elucidates diverse facets of impulsivity, encompassing response, choice, and tendencies, emphasizing its pivotal role in executive functioning and social development....

Background: Migraine, a prevalent neurovascular disorder, affects millions globally and is associated with significant morbidity. Emerging evidence suggests a crucial role of the gut microbiota and adipose tissue in the modulation of migraine pathophysiology, particularly through mechanisms involving neuroinflammation and metabolic regulation. Mate...

INTRODUCTION The plasma proteome's mediating or moderating roles in the association between poor cardiovascular health (CVH) and brain white matter (WM) microstructural integrity are largely unknown. METHODS Data from 3953 UK Biobank participants were used (40–70 years, 2006–2010), with a neuroimaging visit between 2014 and 2021. Poor CVH was dete...

The modulation of leptin sensitivity in hypothalamic neurons plays a crucial role in metabolic regulation and the development of obesity. Three distinct approaches, exposure to leptin (LEPA), administration of leptin antagonist (LANTA), and treatment with palmitate (PA), were explored in this study to assess their effects on adult-derived mHypoA-2/...

The extent of endocrine changes in response to various levels of heat stress and subsequent recovery is not well understood. Two cohorts of 12 Black Angus steers were housed in climate-controlled rooms (CCR) and subjected to three thermal periods: PreChallenge (5 d), Challenge (7 d) and Recovery (5 d). PreChallenge and Recovery provided thermoneutr...

The ability to reproduce depends on metabolic status. In rodents, the ventral premammillary nucleus (PMv) integrates metabolic and reproductive signals. While leptin (adiposity-related) signaling in the PMv is critical for female fertility, male reproductive functions are strongly influenced by glucose homeostasis. The anorexigenic peptide nesfatin...

This study aimed to determine the protective role of boric acid in a pregnant rat model of high fructose corn syrup consumption. Consumption of high fructose corn syrup has been associated with adverse health outcomes in humans and animals. Twenty-eight healthy female Wistar albino rats (250–300 g weight and 16–24 weeks old) were randomly distribut...

Background/Objectives: Autoimmune inflammation enhances the electrical instability of the atrial myocardium in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc); thus, atrial arrhythmia risk is increased, which might be predicted by evaluating the P wave interval and dispersion of a 12-lead surface electrocardiogram (ECG). Methods: We examined 26 SSc patients...

Background: Prediabetes is a condition that often precedes the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Literature evidence indicates that prediabetes is reversible, making it an important therapeutic target for preventing the progression to T2DM. Several studies have investigated intermittent fasting as a possible method to manage or treat predia...

This study was designed to evaluate the dose-dependent efficacy of neurotensin receptor-1 (NTSR1) agonist PD149163 in the amelioration of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced apoptosis in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of mice. PD149163 is an analogue of NTS, a GIT tri-decapeptide with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects. Swiss-albino mi...

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) poses a substantial global health concern linked to rising rates of obesity and sedentary behaviors. Insulin resistance and dysregulated adipokines are central to its development, including elevated leptin levels. Produced mainly by adipocytes, leptin plays a pivotal role in regulating appetite, energy expenditure, and ins...

Background: Association of serum vitamin D (vitD) with leptin (Lep) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is not precisely known in overweight hypertensive (OW-HT) postmenopausal (PMP) women. Hence, the present study was carried out to investigate the body mass index (BMI)-based correlation of serum vitD with Lep and TNF-α in OW-HT PMP women. Met...

LCN2 has an osteokine important for appetite regulation; in type 2 diabetes (T2D) it is not known whether appetite regulation mediated by LCN2 in the brain is altered. In this work, we focus on exploring the role of blocking LCN2 in metabolic health and appetite regulation within the central nervous system of mice with T2D. Material and methods: 4-...

Background Perinatal growth and nutrition have been shown to be determinants in the programming of different tissues, such as adipose tissue, predisposing individuals to metabolic alterations later in life. Previous studies have documented an increased risk of metabolic disturbances and low-grade inflammation in prepubertal children with a history...

Background: Childhood obesity is a major public health concern, being linked to an increased risk of metabolic disorders and cardiovascular disease. Even in childhood, obesity is associated with systemic low-grade inflammation, which is a critical factor in the development of atherosclerosis and a predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality...

Background/Objectives: Glucose metabolism and hormonal responses are largely affected by exercise intensity, which exhibits an alternating pattern in many sports activities. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare glycemic and hormonal responses during and after exercise of constant (CON) and alternating (ALT) intensity with the same d...

Preeclampsia, a hypertension condition during pregnancy, presents considerable dangers to both maternal and fetal well-being. Maternal obesity is becoming acknowledged as a significant modifiable risk factor for preeclampsia; however, the underlying mechanisms are intricate and varied. This paper explores how metabolic dysregulation in obese pregna...

Tissue clearing combined with high-resolution confocal imaging is a cutting-edge approach for dissecting the three-dimensional (3D) architecture of tissues and deciphering cellular spatial interactions under physiological and pathological conditions. Deciphering the spatial interaction of leptin receptor-expressing (LepR ⁺ ) stromal cells with othe...

Objective: The study aimed to compare serum leptin and adiponectin levels between women with hypertensive diseases of pregnancy (HDP) and normotensive pregnant women and to evaluate their associations with Body Mass Index and blood pressure. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the outpatient department of Hayatabad Medical Complex...

High cadmium (Cd) concentrations pose a threat to aquatic life globally. This study examined the efficiency of adding purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) leaf powder (PLP) to Oreochromis niloticus diets on Cd’s negative effects. PLP was analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography, and its main constituents were gallic acid, chlorogenic acid,...

Recent studies have suggested that the interaction between diet and an individual’s genetic predisposition can determine the likelihood of obesity and various metabolic disorders. The current study aimed to examine the association of dietary branched-chain amino acids(BCAAs) and aromatic amino acids(AAAs) with the expression of the leptin and FTO g...

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an “environmental obesogen” and this study aims to investigate the intergenerational impacts of BPA‐induced metabolic syndrome (MetS), specifically focusing on unraveling mechanisms. Exposure to BPA induces metabolic disorders in the paternal mice, which are then transmitted to offspring, leading to late‐onset MetS. Mechanistic...

A lateral flow assay (LFA) has been developed that can be used in point-of-care (PoC) use for the sensitive determination of leptin hormone. The limit of detection value was 0.158 ng/mL and the limit of quantification value was 0.479 ng/mL for leptin hormone. The stability studies showed that the assay response was equal to the initial value even a...

Background: The exploration of leptin's role in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has garnered increasing attention in recent years, as evidenced by a series of studies that delve into the multifaceted relationships between this adipokine and autoimmune processes. Literature Review: Initial findings by (Francisco et al., 2018)...

Background Impacts of milk proteins (MPs) on inflammation are uncertain. The current systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluated the effects of whey protein (WP), casein protein (CP), or MP supplementation on serum levels of cytokines and adipokines in adults. Methods A comprehensive search of...

Sleep disruption has emerged as a significant public health concern with profound implications for metabolic health. This review synthesizes current evidence demonstrating the intricate relationships between sleep disturbances and cardiometabolic dysfunction. Epidemiological studies have consistently demonstrated that insufficient sleep duration (<...

Background Immune‐mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) are a group of chronic conditions characterized by dysregulated immune responses and persistent inflammation. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), spondyloarthritis (SpA), and ulcerative colitis (UC) exemplify prominent IMIDs, each presenting unique challenges for their management, that impact patient'...

Background Obese subjects undergoing weight loss often fear the Yoyo dieting effect, which involves regaining or even surpassing their initial weight. To date, our understanding of such long-term obesity and weight cycling effects is still limited and often based on only short-term murine weight gain and loss studies. This study aimed to investigat...

Introduction Altered serum levels of growth hormones, adipokines, and exocrine pancreas enzymes have been individually linked with type 1 diabetes (T1D). We collectively evaluated seven such biomarkers, combined with islet autoantibodies (AAb) and genetic risk score (GRS2), for their utility in predicting AAb/T1D status. Research design and method...

This study aimed to investigate the effects of chronic sympathoinhibition on glucose uptake by the myocardium and by the skeletal muscle in an animal model of obesity associated with leptin signaling deficiency. 6 obese Zucker rats (OZR) and 6 control Lean Zucker rats (LZR) were studied during basal conditions, chronic clonidine administration (30...

Individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are prone to fracture at numerous skeletal sites despite presenting with a higher bone mineral density (BMD). The accumulation of Advanced Glycation End-products (AGEs) in the bone tissues of patients with T2D could be contributing to this paradox, of increased skeletal fragility with higher BMD. AGEs can impa...

Background/Objective: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by abdominal obesity, increased blood pressure (BP), fasting blood glucose (FBG) and triglyceride levels, and reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of the Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs)-derived small extracellular v...

The leptin (LEP) gene polymorphism is one of the most common polymorphisms and is believed to be associated with high circulating LEP levels that can occur in obese individuals. Thus, this study purposed to determine the relationship of LEP1 and LEP2 gene polymorphisms with overweight/obese and non-obese adolescents in Palembang and their correlati...

Background: Uterine leiomyomas are common and clinically significant, burdening healthcare systems. Leptin, a hormone produced by the obese (Ob) gene, is mostly synthesised in adipose tissue and expressed in several organs, including myomas and the myometrium. The primary goal of this study was to examine blood leptin levels in women with and witho...

Objective: To measure the serum leptin and insulin levels and assess that how body mass index and affects theselevels in pre and post menopausal obese and non-obese women.Place and duration of study: It was a comparative study. Sampling was done from various Hospitals,organizations and residential areas. The experimental work was carried out at the...

The purpose of the study was to compare the efficiency of healthy lifestyle (healthy diet and exercise) in reducing weight gain risk. The study was a controlled experiment performed from 2023 to 2024, and three groups of males were selected (males with normal weight, overweight males, and males with type 1 obesity). Their daily lifestyle was determ...

Objective Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common surgical complication of acute type A aortic dissection (AAAD) and strongly associated with an unfavorable prognosis. Although elevated leptin levels have been identified as a potential risk factor for chronic kidney disease in middle-aged and elderly individuals, their association with AKI following...

Obesity is a pathophysiologic component of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and is typically linked to insulin resistance (IR). However, incorporating regular physical exercise into one’s daily schedule is an effective approach to managing IR, blood sugar levels, and general health. The study’s goal is to assess the feasibility of the Zumba fitness program an...

Resistansi insulin merupakan kondisi metabolik yang ditandai dengan gangguan respons tubuh terhadap insulin, yang berperan penting dalam metabolisme glukosa. Kondisi ini berkontribusi pada perkembangan berbagai gangguan kesehatan, seperti diabetes melitus tipe 2, hipertensi, dislipidemia, dan penyakit kardiovaskular. Studi ini mengevaluasi metode p...

The chronotype, the personal predisposition towards morning or evening activities, significantly influences health conditions, sleep, and eating regulations. Individuals with evening chronotypes are often at a higher risk for weight gain due to misalignment between their natural tendencies of functioning and social schedules, resulting in insuffici...

Metabolic syndrome during menopause can lead to diabetes, cardiovascular problems, and increased mortality rates. Hormone replacement therapy is recommended to manage climacteric complications, but it has serious adverse effects. This study, therefore, investigated the potential of supplementing some minerals, vitamins, and natural products like bo...

Background and Objectives: Ramadan fasting, a practice observed by millions worldwide, may induce metabolic changes. The current study aimed to investigate the effects of Ramadan fasting on insulin, ghrelin, leptin, lipid profile, glucose levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) in Erbil, Iraq. Methods: This observational sur...

Energy drinks containing significant quantities of caffeine, taurine, and sugar are increasingly consumed, particularly by adolescents and young adults. Excessive consumption of energy drinks and accumulation of the above ingredients, as well as their mutual interactions, can be hazardous to the health of young adults. This study aimed to assess th...

We investigated the sex-dependent effects of inflammatory responses in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), as well as hematological status, in relation to cardiovascular disorders associated with prediabetes. Using male and female hereditary hypertriglyceridemic (HHTg) rats—a nonobese prediabetic model featuring dy...

To examine the changes in obesity-related hormones and metabolic syndrome markers in male high school students with obesity following a weekend-focused moderate- or high-intensity exercise program at the recommended weekly physical activity level, or a program of regular exercise 3 times a week at moderate intensity, over a 10-week period. Forty-ei...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between leptin levels and metabolic parameters in children and adolescents. METHODS: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Laboratory biochemical values and anthropometric parameters were determined. Univariate analysis was performed with measurements of frequencies and percentages and bivariate analysis throug...

Obesity, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are interrelated conditions that form the foundation of metabolic syndrome, significantly increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases and other health complications. Obesity often precedes the development of hypertension and T2D through the dysregulation of adipocytokines such as adiponectin, lept...

To investigate the role of appetite‐related factors, including interleukin 6 (IL‐6), irisin, interleukin 7 (IL‐7), neuropeptide Y (NPY), and leptin, on appetite perception in males with obesity. Eleven males (BMI 35.3 ± 4.2 kg/m², V̇O2peak 29 ± 3.1 mL/kg/min) participated in two experimental trials (MICE: 60 min of cycling at 60% of V̇O2peak; CTRL:...

Background/aim Obesity phenotype results from interactions between epigenotype and genotype. DNA methylation constitutes the most relevant epigenetic mechanism that regulates gene expression in human cells. Leptin (LEP) has a promoter region that presents CpG (CG dinucleotide repeats) islands which may undergo a methylation process. The DNA methyla...

Objectives Adipsin and leptin are adipokines that link adipose tissue dysfunction and increased fat accumulation to obesity-related metabolic disorders. This study aimed to assess the effects of sitagliptin/metformin versus metformin monotherapy on the levels of adipsin, leptin, and lipid profile in type 2 diabetic patients. Methods This comparati...

Increasing the life of cows with high productivity indicators can help increase the profitability of dairy production, increase the number of calves with desired characteristics, as well as reduce the frequency of cow abandonment from the main herd. In addition to external factors, genetic factors, including the leptin gene, influence the duration...

The article is devoted to one of the Athenian laws against tyranny — the decree of Demophantos. It was aimed at protecting Athenian democracy against being overthrown again, and thus at preventing any authoritarian form of rule in this polis in the future. The author presents his own translation of this law, cited in Andokides’s speech On the Myste...

Background/Objectives: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in children has been increasing, raising concerns about early detection and clinical management. Adipokines, which are secreted by adipose tissue, play a critical role in metabolic regulation and inflammation, while gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), as a liver enzyme, is linked to oxidativ...

A high-fat diet could lead to obesity, increasing colorectal cancer risk due to dyslipidemia and chronic inflammation, while Piper betle (PB) exhibits anti-tumor, anti-inflammation, and anti-oxidant benefits. This study aimed to determine whether PB possesses chemopreventive effects on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced and azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colo...

Background High body mass index (BMI) has been shown to have an association with chronic widespread pain (CWP), both in Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and in other pain conditions such as fibromyalgia. Research on the adipose tissue and it’s adipokines, for example the well described leptin, is emerging. The objective of this study was to determine if t...

Background/Objectives: Psoriasis is a chronic dermatological condition with systemic implications, especially with metabolic syndrome (MS). This study evaluated the vicious cycle where obesity and MS exacerbate systemic inflammation that complicates the efficacy of psoriasis therapies by examining the PASI score over a one-year period. Patients wer...

Background/Objectives: It is unknown whether the negative health effects associated with ultra-processed foods (UPFs) are due to their nutritional composition or to the extent of food processing itself. We evaluated the impact of a test meal composed only of UPF, according to the NOVA classification, compared to a similar meal without UPF in adults...

Exercise, diet, and meditation enhance physical wellness and psychological well-being, commonly boosting productivity. However, their specific effects remain limited. This study assessed these methods using cognitive changes, prefrontal cortex blood flow, brain connectivity, key blood parameters, and daily self-assessments of 46 middle-aged Indo-Eu...

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a complex clinical syndrome with a multifactorial pathogenesis. Leptin, a hormone produced by adipose tissue, plays a key role in regulating energy balance, metabolism, and inflammatory processes. Its impact on the cardiovascular system is dualistic: on one hand, leptin can contribute to the...

There is evidence demonstrating variation in insulin sensitivity across the menstrual cycle. So type II diabetes mellitus develops after menarche. Disorders diagnosed by the biomarker Leptin.