Legal Psychology (Psychology and Law) - Science topic

David Joubert Agree 100%. Besides, since the entire rationale for the MMPI has always been valid empirical prediction, trying to transform it into a more psychometrically sound instrument doesn't make a whole lot of sense. You just end up with scales that cohere well but that nobody would have even considered creating from scratch. If you want pure psychometrics, go with the NEO-PI-III or maybe the 16PF; if you want scales that "make sense" from a contemporary psychiatrist's point of view, go with the PAI or maybe MCMI.

Violence towards children never lead to good results

Adults who suffered violence in childhood usually abuse others around them

Talking and explaining and discussing a bad behavior and explaining serious consequences would be much better understood and internalized much more than an aggressive approach.

Also violence infront of other poeple will definitely be modelled by the abused child with peer groups or as an adult.

Law is a set of legal rules that regulate the life of society

Does anybody know if the IDA - R is free to use? I am doing a study at University and would like to use it as my DV

Since the beginning of the pandemic, the world economy has slowed down. People live in isolation and practicing social distancing as never before, and the death rate from an unprecedented killer is rising rapidly.

We see and hear in the news every day that thousands of people around the world have lost their job or being laid off, leaving many people around the world facing the coming days with a lot of uncertainty regarding the future. Although it might be challenging to predict the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has imposed at the moment. Still, it will have a lot of hardship on many people around the globe .a A harsh reality of grief, stress, and unemployment.

If you can access YouTube, try these as they may have what you want.

https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=video+of+mock+trial&qpvt=video+of+mock+trial&FORM=VDRE If you cannot contact me back and I will see if I can find some among them and attach the video to send your way.

Dear Dariusz,

Many thanks to you indeed for your suport.

The relationship between sexual dimorphism and MAOA genotype is beyond skepticism. Findings such as estrogen altered expression pattern of MAOA and epigenetic modifications (methylation pattern), heritability provide substantial evidence for the role of sexual dimorphism in the MAOA gene (genotype) associated phenotypes. As mentioned by Craig S Wilding, MAOA is X linked which also provided additional level of genetic predisposition.

There may be an issue here of generalists trying to write in a specialized field. The question asks about "legal terms" having a "penumbra" of meaning. But that formulation does not capture the legal discussion. It then mixes in specific SCOTUS cases.

There is a special doctrine discussed in various SCOTUS cases concerning privacy. The doctrine is not about all legal terms, or indeed any legal term in isolation. It is specifically a metaphor used in these cases to illustrate how rights explicitly identified in the text of the Constitutution imply other rights that are not explicitly identified. (It appears that prior to this current meaning dating from Griswold, penumbra may have been used in different ways by courts.)

On the other hand, there is a branch of jurisprudence/philosophy of law that discusses textual interpretation. This branch is related to general philosophy of language and literary theory on the one hand and specific legal doctrines on the other. HLA Hart and Dworkin (maybe) engaged in this kind of scholarship. But a scholar would have to make an argument from their general theories to what they would have said about the specific SCOTUS penumbra doctrine.

Apparently Hart talked about "penumbra" cases of the meanings of particular terms as opposed to core meanings. But that theoretical concept is a different concept from the SCOTUS concept that a whole bunch of text about different rights implies non-stated rights. The whole mass of text is not a single term and the new penumbral right is not contrasted with old "core" rights as being more peripheral.

Similarly, Dworkin's theory that (roughly) principles underlie and justify all of our law together and we can infer new decisions from these principles is a different way of justifying a right to privacy than the SCOTUS penumbra metaphor (although you could argue whether it is a more precise way of stating the metaphor or just different).

In my view - HLA Hart's legal positivism

I am sending a link:

Thank you, Ms. Crittenden for the very useful answer you provided.

I can say that your question is well studied, but information to the public isn't readily available.  Some things that are studied just can't make it to a peer review journal.  That said, I'll point you in a direction that can help you. Look at the MMPI-2RF Cynicism Scale. 

Dear Vladimir

Thank you very much for taking the time to search for this very helpful text.. 

All the best

Nelson

If I understand what you are asking, you would like to know what kinds of evidence can be introduced to support a claim for miscarriages of justice? In the US, any evidence that demonstrates a violation of the 4th, 5th, 6th, 8th, or 14th Amendments would support such claims. The specific types of evidence would depend on the specific Amendment and the case law that has interpreted the specific provision in that Amendment. If you have a fact scenario in mind, I can be more helpful. Have a good day.

Not good enough, Max.  While there was no confession (rather, a vehement claim of innocence, that was later shown to be highly probable), the case of Michael Morton (Texas) comes immediately to mind.  Sorry, there are not satisfactory procedures nor sufficient legal tests of veracity.

Especially for the prosecutor and the crap that s/he spews to a jury.

Being enemy is a relative concept. It depends on the culture of a person.

Great but elusive question. Depends on what is meant with a homo behavioralis. See e.g. http://www.bloombergview.com/articles/2015-06-01/a-dose-of-psychology-does-economics-field-some-good and follow the in-text hyperlink to http://www.psychologicalscience.org/index.php/publications/observer/2009/february-09/surrogates-for-theory.html by my favorite cognitive psychologist. Building on Gigerenzer I would say that homo behavioralis (just like homo economicus) does not exist. It is the latest straw man used to push whatever agenda you want, depending on the bias you select and the bias you ignore.

The best model of a human being for the law maker is no model.

While taking into account the outcome of different relevant models in big data analysis and simulations, the law maker should address pressing issues based on taking people seriously as underdetermined individuals that change course despite the statistics.

Instead of modeling the humans that should be the vanishing point of the analysis, check - for instance - the capability approach as a means to guide lawmaking. 

you should check the work by Elisabeth Loftus

Autority Governmat of legislation bazed Constitution of Timor Leste

Abstract

 Hi, Barry, Catherine,

Thank you both for your reply's - Sorry for the delayed response I wasn't receiving notifications for some reason.

Anyway, thank you Barry your experience sounds perfect for what I'm looking at. I see you also teach at Nottingham Trent, are you routinely there or usually based at UoLincoln, if we were to arrange a meet as you suggested?

Catherine, unfortunately I don't speak French however, I'm sure it could be transcribed online these days so thank you for the link I'll be sure to look it up.

Best

Dom

The following articles may be of interest:

Mela, M., & Luther, G. (2013). Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: Can diminished responsibility diminish criminal behaviour? International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 36(1), 46-54. doi:10.1016/j.ijlp.2012.11.007

Case studies included in citing below.

Wartnik, A. P., & Carlson, S. S. (2011). A judicial perspective on Issues Impacting the trial courts related to fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. The Journal of Psychiatry & Law, 39(1), 73-119. doi:10.1177/009318531103900104

Empirical quantitative study included in citing below.

Stinson, J. D. (2014). Characteristics of people with intellectual disabilities in a secure U.S. forensic hospital. Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 7(4), 337-337. doi:10.1080/19315864.2014.930549

I hope these are of value to your research!

It is great you are working diligently to develop a good study.

It is wrong to use a copyrighted instrument without paying for it, or otherwise getting approval. Whether any of us agree that this copyright/commercial idea is "right" or "wrong" morally is not relevant; the law is already in place. 

Often, developers will allow a grad student to use an instrument for free, or low-cost, possibly a flat fee.

Along with asking PAR if you can do this, you could also write the developers of the instrument and see if you can get approval from them. They may have an agreement with the publisher to do this at their discretion. If you get permission, note this in your ethics application, and you can save and upload/submit an email with that info with your ethics application. 

Increasingly, hospitals give patients electronic access to parts of the electronic medical record, i.e. the physician's conclusions at the end of a visit, new test results etc. In addition,  patients  can request access to all the evaluation and treatment information that pertains to them. They are also the ones that can pass this information on to others, something that the physician or the hospital cannot do (with some legally defined exceptions). All this is part of the notion that there is an ethical obligation to empower the patients and to respect their right to control what happens to them . Thus, the ethical issue may be one of patient empowerment rather than "ownership".

The New Zealand Government has just released guidelines on managing bullying in the workplace. There is no specific legislation. You can find the guidelines here:

Wow. There are a lot of questions here and I want to respond to each but I am not sure I have the time. I do want to first address Stephanie’s statement regarding safety essentially being a non-issue in a consenting relationship. This could not possibly be further from accurate. First of all, how is one supposed to “know what they are doing” if the subject of safety has not been explicitly discussed? One might trust one’s partner “with their life” but when it comes to activities like suspension bondage, electro-sex, breath play, fire play, and so on that “with their life” becomes literal and trusting a person emotionally, physically, and intimately does not guarantee proper safety techniques or knowledge. Even a little fun with silk scarves around the bedpost should require safety shears on the nightstand because things happen. This is not a matter of trial and error. People can really get hurt – and I hate to say, killed. Safety lectures and demonstrations are probably the number one activity of any BDSM community and one of the most frequent topics at conventions. There are two mottos in BDSM: 1) Safe, Sane, and Consensual (SCC) 2) Risk Aware Consensual Kink (RACK). No amount of discussion or safety demos is ever going to completely remove the risk as the risk is a fundamental element of the practice but education helps to reduce and make one aware of the risks. Just like your mother teaching you to look both ways before crossing the street has, presumably, kept you safe thus far but it does not make you impervious to buses and neither does trusting the traffic laws that say a bus should stop when the light is red. That said, legal sanctions against BDSM on the basis of personal and safety are lacking any ground to stand on. There are multiple studies demonstrating that BDSM is not responsible for more, or even as many, ER visits than vanilla sex or active sports.

To Damian – “the mainstream” is a fickle mistress. Fifty Shades of Grey out sold Harry Potter and yet sadomasochism is still listed as a psychopathology in both the DSM-5 and ICD-10. Iconic images of BDSM are present in prime time sitcoms, commercials, music videos, movies (not just the ones rated ‘R’), and video games but actual, non-fictional, discussion of the topic is either treated like an installment of “freak of the week” or results in censorship from a number of directions. On a side note – there is no reason for a vote on BDSM. The idea that people can control the sexual expression of others by majority rule is reprehensible and it is time for advocacy so perk up.

To the original question: People who enjoy BDSM do not perceive pain in a “completely different way.” The most sexually masochistic individuals still don’t enjoy getting a root canal. I am not sure exactly what UK law you are referring to but in R v. Brown (the Spanner Trial) the issue was that consent could not be used as a defense because BDSM was not an activity “in the public interest” such as sports, or as in a previous case boxing. Both R v. Brown and Pay v. UK were denied appeal on the basis of privacy rights because the investigations were considered a matter of “public safety.” The legal and pathological treatment of BDSM practitioners is historically similar to that of homosexuals. Some go as far as to argue BDSM is a sexual orientation rather than a preference. As far as there being some revelation about what is sexually normal versus abnormal it comes down to Kinsey’s conclusion that if it is possible it is normal. Any judgment of human sexuality beyond that is morality based. Lastly, in regard to “others” who are dangerous to “us,” that really hits on the us v. them fear-based mentality from which most moralistic law comes. BDSM practitioners, contrary to what CSI and Criminal Minds might have you believe (US television shows if you are unfamiliar), are no more likely to be serial killers than people who have sex are to be rapists.

That is all I have time for right now. Thank you so much for opening this as a category of discussion on Research Gate. I hope this is not the last discussion of this topic! If you are interested I can provide you with more research citations than you could possibly care to read, just not at the moment.

Cheers.

Thank you!

I read that the skewness and kurtosis (two statistical functions) are

used in capital markets to assess the state of player agitation

in the market. The primary data are frequency and operation volume

of sales of shares.

I'd be interested to know details about how to interpret the

skewness and kurtosis to characterize mental status of a

human agent. Also I would like to know if anyone used them

for evaluation of a human (car) driver.

Courtney,

I'm primarily looking at the victim impact statement presenred to the Court by victims of serious crimes under Criminal Law. These are not given until the offender is actually convicted.