Laos - Science topic

Secure environmental contexts are crucial for hominin interpretation and comparison. The discovery of a Denisovan individual and associated fauna at Tam Ngu Hao 2 (Cobra) Cave, Laos, dating back to 164–131 ka, allows for environmental comparisons between this (sub)tropical site and the Palearctic Denisovan sites of Denisova Cave (Russia) and Baishi...

This empirical study examines the long-run and short-run relationship between financial inclusion and economic growth in seven Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries including Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, and Lao PDR. Using the Pooled Mean Group Autoregressive Distributed Lag (PMG-ARDL) model,...

Background and Aim: The early stage of childhood is a crucial period that significantly impacts a child's learning and growth trajectory. Research has shown a strong connection between cognitive ability, developmental milestones during this phase, and future outcomes in adolescence and adulthood. Therefore, it is imperative for preschool learning p...

It is rare to use the one-stage model without segmentation for the automatic detection of coronary lesions. This study sequentially enrolled 200 patients with significant stenoses and occlusions of the right coronary and categorized their angiography images into two angle views: The CRA (cranial) view of 98 patients with 2453 images and the LAO (le...

The Khmuic-speaking populations are believed to be the descendants of one of the earliest groups to settle in Mainland Southeast Asia. In Thailand, there are two agricultural Khmuic-speaking ethnic groups, the Khamu and Lua (Htin). These peoples primarily reside in scattered locations along the mountainous Thailand–Laos border in Nan province. In t...

The genus Elatosara was described by Malzacher, 2020 from the Mekong River in Thailand, with E. phanomensis Malzacher, 2020 as its type species. Here, we report E. phanomensis for the first time from central and southern Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR). A few morphological variations were observed in the Lao PDR population as compared to...

Background Strongyloidiasis, caused by the nematodes Strongyloides stercoralis and Strongyloides fuelleborni, is estimated to affect over 600 million individuals worldwide. The disease is endemic in Southeast Asia, where a warm-humid climate and socioeconomic conditions maintain the parasite's life cycle and transmission. However, the current diagn...

Background In South-East Asia, Thailand is the country with the highest number of human autochthonous cases of leishmaniases mostly due to Leishmania martiniquensis . Their transmission remains unresolved to date even though sand flies are known vectors of leishmaniases. As such, we focused a study on the sand fly fauna of a cave in Thailand to exp...

Background Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are significant public health issues, especially in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). Hand hygiene and low-level disinfection of equipment practices among healthcare workers are some of the essential measures to reduce HAIs. Various infection prevention and control (IPC) interventions to reduce...

Citation: Sengthong, A.; Saensouk, S.; Saensouk, P.; Souladeth, P. Cytogenetic Study of Five Varieties of Callisia repens (Jacq.) L. (Commelinaceae) from Laos. Abstract: Cytogenetical studies were carried out on five varieties of Callisia repens, i.e., turtle vine, green, pink lady, gold, and Bianca. The morphological characteristics of all five va...

Amidst the trend of globalization, which has been disrupted by various global situations such as trade wars, the pandemic, and the effects of war, concerns about deglobalization have arisen, particularly among countries vulnerable to food and energy insecurity. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of deglobalization on the food and ener...

COLE TCH, PHONEPASEUTH P, SOULADETH P (2023) ແຜນພາບສາຍສຳພັນທາງວິວັດທະນາການຂອງຕະກຸນດອກຈຳປາ Lao version of: COLE TCH (2023) APOCYNACEAE Phylogeny Poster (ApocynPP)

Goats are produced in Laos on a small scale and most of them are exported to Vietnam, where they receive a price approximately 30% higher than Vietnamese crossbred goats. In 2021, Laos exported 2.2 million dollars in sheep and goats, mostly to Vietnam (2.19 million dollars). Vietnam was also the fastest-growing export market for sheep and goats of...

Pertemuan negara G20 di India gagal menyepakati pengurangan konsumsi energi fosil. Penyebabnya karena negara anggota G20 produsen energi fosil keberatan dengan skema peningkatan kapasitas energi terbarukan hingga tiga kali lipat pada tahun 2030. Sebagai gantinya kelompok negara anggota G20 produsen energi fosil menawarkan opsi penangkapan karbon da...

COVID-19 pandemic effects are heterogenous in nature due to the differences in policy responses among the nations, with no exception to Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). COVID-19 responses undertaken by individual member countries of ASEAN have been tremendously diverse and have ranged from strict lockdown conditions in the highly reg...

Ficus heterophyllus are readily available and used in Bangladesh without the required regulation or inspection. Eastern Asia, comprising southern China, India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Malaysia, and Indonesia, is the original home of the Ficus heterophylla Linn tree. It grows in tropical and subtropical areas of India...

Tóm tắt Xếp hạng rủi ro (risk ranking) trong thi công xây dựng giúp cho các bên tham gia dự án có nhận thức tốt nhất về rủi ro, từ đó có kế hoạch phân bổ tài nguyên, cũng như quản lý rủi ro hiệu quả. Xếp hạng rủi ro là một trong những kết quả của đánh giá rủi ro. Hiện nay, tồn tại nhiều phương pháp để đánh giá rủi ro tai nạn trong an toàn thi công...

Results from an ethnobotany study of Hmong ethnic groups in Bolikhamxay Province, Laos PDR between 2021 and 2023 identify plant uses for 133 species, 104 genera, and 50 families. The research focuses on specific plant uses. Quantitative analyses are applied with Use Value (UV), Fidelity Level (FL), and Informant Agreement Ratio (IAR). Cluster analy...

A fundamental capacity of language is its reflexivity. But not every aspect of language is equally accessible to being reflected upon. Michael Silverstein's 1981 paper, the "Limits of Awareness," set the terms of this discussion in linguistic anthropology with his study of speakers' "awareness" of pragmatic forms and their corresponding capacity to...

In the Mekong Region, agroecological approaches provide a niche alternative to the dominant traditional or intensive farming systems. We conducted a synthesis of current evidence on agroecological interventions by means of a systematic literature review and mapping of case studies in Cambodia, Vietnam, Laos, Thailand, and Myanmar. The majority of t...

The synergistic combination of hybrid perovskites with graphene-related materials is leading to optoelectronic devices with enhanced performance and stability. Still, taking advantage of the solution processing of perovskite onto graphene is especially challenging. Here, MAPbBr3 perovskite is grown on single-layer graphene/graphene oxide (Gr/GO) pa...

The first finite basis set implementation of the real-time time-dependent self-consistent field method in a dynamic (time-dependent) magnetic field using London atomic orbitals (LAOs) is presented. The accuracy of the finite basis approach using LAOs is benchmarked against numerical results from the literature for the hydrogen atom and H2 in the pr...

Abstract. – Two new species of the genus Anomala are described and illustrated: Anomala sabatinellii Zhao & Pham sp. nov. from central Vietnam and southern Laos and A. muongtensis Zhao & Pham sp. nov. from northern Vietnam. A checklist of all the known Vietnamese Anomala is provided. Anomala taitungensis (Kobayashi, 1987) is removed from the synony...

Background This is a qualitative study to identify implementation challenges for deploying triple artemisinin-based combination therapy (TACT) in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) of Southeast Asia and to explore strategies to overcome these challenges. Methods In-depth interviews were conducted in three countries that have repeatedly been confro...

This technical report examines the connection between climate change and livestock, focusing on the impacts on livestock production systems. The study explores various methodologies from the literature and analyses their application in a practical test case in the Lao People's Democratic Republic. The assessment estimates direct and indirect effect...

Mục tiêu: Mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng và nhận xét kết quả X-quang lồng ngực phân tích bởi trí tuệ nhân tạo Qure.AI của bệnh nhân nghi lao phổi đến khám và điều trị nội trú tại bệnh viện đại học Y Hà Nội năm 2022. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 126 bệnh nhân nghi lao phổi đến khám và điều trị nội trú t...

This study determines socio-demographic factors and knowledge of consumers on wildlife animals to the pattern of wildlife consumption in Cambodia. A sample of 200 consumers from major markets in Phnom Penh (capital), Koh Kong (border with Gulf of Thailand), Stung Treng (border with Laos) Kratie and Mondulkiri (border with Vietnam). A structured que...

Schistura palma, new species, is described from the middle Nam Ngiep drainage, central Laos. It is distinguished from all other species of Schistura in Southeast Asia by the combination of having a dorsal keel on the entire length of the caudal peduncle in small individuals that develops into a conspicuous crest in large ones; cheeks conspicuously...

Background: In Lao PDR, acute malnutrition remains a public health problem, with around 9% of children under 5 being affected. Outpatient treatment of severe acute malnutrition requires ready-to-use therapeutic foods (RUTFs), but concerns have been raised about the acceptability of globally available products. Culturally acceptable RUTFs could be...

This paper employs an input-output modelling approach to quantify the impact of decreases in coffee exports between

The whitefly genus, Indoaleyrodes David and Subramaniam is reported for the first time from Japan with description of Indoaleyrodes japonica sp. nov. Indoaleyrodes geminata Pushpa and Sundararaj syn. nov. and I. strychnosae Pushpa and Sundararaj syn. nov. are synonymized with I. laos (Takahashi) through examination of holotype. Puparia of the new s...

Purpose: A way that logistics service provider companies have found to respond to the challenges of customer's competitive advantage (CA) is the logistics services quality development. In this sense, the purpose of this paper is to estimate the influence of logistics flexibility (LF) and logistics service quality (LSQ) on the competitive advantage...

Genotype I, the penultimate HBV genotype to date, was granted the status of a bona fide genotype only in the XXIst century after some hesitations. The reason for these hesitations was that genotype I is a complex recombinant virus formed with segments from three original genotypes, A, C, and G. It was estimated that genotype I is responsible for on...

Purpose-The purpose of this research is to examine the impact of Government support policies, Entrepre-neurship capabilities, Business financing, and Marketing capabilities on the Business performance of small and medium-sized enterprises in Champasak Province. Design/methodology/approach-The study utilized a quantitative research methodology, spec...

Laos, the only landlocked country in Mainland Southeast Asia (MSEA), has established over 40 geopolinomical mechanisms with its neighboring countries (including China, Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand, and Myanmar), leading to significant land-use change (LUC) in the border areas. However, the spatial characteristics and national differences of LUC in t...

The species Rhabdophis leonardi (Wall, 1923) is recorded for the first time from Vietnam (Lao Cai Province) based on the re-examination of specimens deposited in the collections of the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle (Paris) which were formerly identified as Rhabdophis nuchalis. Furthermore, we also re-evaluate the taxonomy and distribution of...

The Southeast Asian region has been facing non-traditional security threats, including water and food security, oil supply, climate change, energy, agriculture, organized crime, and migration. Among them, human trafficking in the region is a critical point. One issue-areas that international relations and security studies scholars often neglect is...

Các lý thuyết về giá trị bao gồm thuyết “giá trị lao động”và thuyết “giá trị ích lợi” và nổi bậc nhất là mô hình cung cầu của Alfred Marshall giúp nhận thức được sự hình thành giá cả cân bằng hay giá trị sản phẩm từ quan hệ cung cầu. Tuy nhiên, cần phải tiếp tục nghiên cứu để làm rõ hơn bản chất của giá trị. Mục tiêu của bài viết nhằm mục tiêu (1)...

Gía trị thặng dư và lợi nhuận là vấn đề trung tâm của kinh tế-chính trị. Bài viết nhằm hai mục tiêu: (1) phân loại các hình thức khác nhau của giá trị thặng dư và (2) Làm rõ bản chất của các loại hình giá trị thặng dư và lợi nhuận. Bằng phương pháp nghiên cứu lý thuyết thông qua phân tích tổng hợp của tài liệu đã có về giá trị thặng dư và lợi nhuận...

Background: Efforts to prevent malnutrition in children under five are crucial for both short-term and long-term impact, especially in resource-constrained low- and middle-income countries where ensuring minimal food diversity remains an urgent challenge. Our organization implemented initiatives to improve dietary diversity among children under fiv...

Tóm tắt: Để hiểu được bản chất của giá cả chúng ta phải hiểu được bản chất của "giá trị trao đổi" cũng là hình thức biểu hiện của giá trị hàng hóa. Mục tiêu của bài viết nhằm làm rõ bản chất của "giá trị trao đổi". Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy "hao phí lao động" và "ích lợi" đều là cơ sở của "giá trị trao đổi" và nguyên tắc của sự trao đổi là "vừa n...

Purpose – The purpose of this research is to examine the impact of Government support policies, Entrepreneurship capabilities, Business financing, and Marketing capabilities on the Business performance of small and medium-sized enterprises in Champasak Province. Design/methodology/approach – The study utilized a quantitative research methodology,...

In several developing countries, such as Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR), the fight against malnutrition is carried out through programs that involve collaboration between internal (national) and external (international) actors. These actors may have different perceptions on what is one of the pillars of these programs: the empowerment o...

After gaining independence from France in 1954, Laos was immediately caught up in the Cold War. The neutral country included an internal conflict of socio-political factions, which was also intensified by the warring powers. What is overlooked in the literature is the diverging ideas on neutralism prompted by the leading neutralist groups led by So...

Cầu dầm thép liên hợp bản bêtông cốt thép hiện nay được ứng dụng rộng rãi do các ưu điểm của nó đem lại (kết cấu nhẹ, vượt nhịp lớn hơn so với cầu bêtông cốt thép, dễ vận chuyển, dễ lao lắp, sử dụng vật liệu chịu lực hợp lý,…), tuy nhiên kết cấu này lại có giá thành thường cao hơn so với cầu bêtông cốt thép cùng chiều dài nhịp. Để giảm giá thành xâ...

Another new species of Dixonius , D. fulbrighti sp. nov. , is described from Gia Lai Province, in the Central Highlands of Vietnam, using an integrated approach based on morphological, categorical (color pattern), and mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 gene (ND2) and its flanking tRNAs data. Phylogenetic analyses recovered Dixonius fulbrigh...

https://englishkyoto-seas.org/2023/08/vol-12-no-2-of-southeast-asian-studies/

Welcome to the Second Edition! “English is the official language of England. This language has been spread throughout the world because of the British Revolution. Once, the United States of America (USA) was also under the control of Britain. That was also the main reason why the USA has used English as its official language so far. English then sp...

Năng lực toàn cầu (Global Competence) đã trở thành một năng lực quan trọng đối với sinh viên đại học nhằm chuẩn bị tham gia hòa nhập cùng thị trường lao động quốc tế. Kết quả nghiên cứu góp phần khẳng định sự phù hợp và mức độ ảnh hưởng của các thành phần của khung đo lường năng lực toàn cầu như: kiến thức và sự hiểu biết (có ảnh hưởng nhiều nhất),...

As with so many mystics, Alexis karpouzos intuitively know the oneness of cosmic creation and historic humanity as part of all that is and all there isn't. So, the originality of Alexis Karpouzos thought is that it crosses the most diverse fields, the most opposing philosophies, to unite them into an often contradictory and broken whole. Marx and H...

Gouverneur X., 2023. – Description of a new species of the genus Saperdoglenea Breuning, 1964 from Malaysia (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Faunitaxys, 11(51): 1 – 4. The genus Saperdoglenea Breuning, 1964 (Cerambycidae, Lamiinae, Saperdini) currently comprises three species widespread in Southeast Asia: Saperdoglenea gleneoides Breuning, 1964 from Lao...

Ten species of the spider genus Microdipoena Banks, 1895 are reported from China, Laos, Indonesia, Georgia, and Seychelles. DNA sequences of the eight species are obtained to confirm their correct identification. The molecular phylogenetic analysis based on five gene fragments (16S, 18S, 28S, COI, and H3) were used to test the relationships and tax...

Objective Critical gaps remain in understanding community perceptions and treatment-seeking behaviours in case of fever. This is especially relevant considering global antimicrobial resistance, where fever is assumed to provoke non-judicious antibiotic use. Our study objective was therefore to document the community-level incidence of fever, the re...

In the past ten years, municipalities and private light users worldwide have installed light-emitting diodes in urban spaces and public streets to save energy. Yet an increasing body of research suggests LED create more light pollution. Light pollution is threatening us. By combining AHP and EWM, a light pollution risk assessment model is developed...

Mismanaged plastic waste is a significant contributor to microplastic pollution in the environment, which can cause riverine pollution problems, adverse ecological effects, and pose risks to human health. In this context, extensive research has been conducted on microplastics (MPs) contamination in surface water in urban water environments. This wo...

Lowland rice cultivation is changing in southern Laos. A formalised survey and informal interviews in the lowlands of Savannakhet Province indicate that while some farmers still raise water buffaloes, they now mainly use hand-held mechanised ploughs to till their fields. More chemical fertilisers are being used, and improved seed varieties have bec...

Larval attachment organs (LAOs) are unicellular or multicellular organs that enable the larvae of many actinopterygian fishes to adhere to a substrate before yolk‐sac absorption and the free‐swimming stage. Bowfins (Amiiformes) exhibit a sizable LAO on the snout, which was first described in the late 19 th century and early 20 th century. In this s...

Objective: This paper provides an overview of financing for tuberculosis (TB) prevention, diagnostic and treatment services in the World Health Organization (WHO) Western Pacific Region during 2005–2020. Methods: This analysis uses the WHO global TB finance database to describe TB funding during 2005–2020 in 18 low- and middle-income countries (LMI...

Bacterial content of mosquitoes has given rise to the development of innovative tools that influence and seek to control malaria transmission. This study identified the bacterial microbiota in field-collected female adults of the Anopheles hyrcanus group and three Anopheles species, Anopheles nivipes, Anopheles philippinensis, and Anopheles vagus,...

LaO bands are found in the spectra of cool S-type stars. The bands of the A ² Π–X ² Σ ⁺ transition with v ′ ≤ 3 and v ″ ≤ 4 are rotationally analyzed, providing spectroscopic constants for the A ² Π state. Line strengths are calculated using an ab initio transition dipole moment function, and radiative lifetimes for the A ² Π state have also been c...

Vấn đề về quyền con người luôn là vấn đề thu hút được sự chú ý, quan tâm của mọi người từ học sinh, sinh viên cho đến những người trí thức, lao động tay chân và cả những nhà cầm quyền trong một thể chế chính trị. Jean-Jacques Rousseau, một trong những nhà triết học thuộc thời đại Khai sáng Pháp, người đã đưa ra triết lý về quyền con người một cách...

The Diengiei… each leaf a different leaf, and in this way, it carried all the trees in the world… a tree that carries all trees could only be a seed, which can grow into anything. The site of all potential" Pariat, Everything the Light Touches "The unruly can be frightening, but arguably also a space of hope". Bengt Karlsson, Unruly Hills In a popu...

With the deepening communication between the East and the West. Taoism, a domestic religion in China, has also been introduced into the Western world. In particular the masterpiece of Lao Tzu, Tao Te Ching, has affected numerous readers. There is a huge gap between Western binary opposition and the Eastern philosophy contained in Taoism. Caused by...

The study of the factors that influence the occurrence of forest fires from the use of agricultural land and forests of the communities living adjacent to the protected forest area of the Huay hut, Water supply in Nan district, Luang Prabang Province, a case study of 3 villages namely: Phon Hin Village, Paphem Village and Keomani Village, with the...

Giáo dục nghề nghiệp đóng một vai trò quan trọng trong việc đào tạo nguồn lao động có chất lượng cho một quốc gia, góp phần giải quyết công ăn việc làm cho người dân, thúc đẩy kinh tế - xã hội, đem lại các cơ hội cuộc sống và nghề nghiệp cho người dân ở nhiều hoàn cảnh, năng lực và nhu cầu khác nhau. Trong đó, yếu tố chất lượng của giáo viên đào tạ...

Global capitalism has changed the Earth system to the extent that the current epoch is called the Anthropocene. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), land use change has played a crucial role in this profound functional shift in the Earth system. The Convention on Biodiversity (CBD) and its follow-up processes have insi...

Strengthening nursing leadership in health systems has been identified as a priority for achieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC). We aimed to analyse the characteristics of Japanese technical assistance projects for nursing human resource development in Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) and suggest directions for future assistance. An up...

Cambodia, located in continental Southeast Asia, is renowned for its rich and ancient architectural art. One of its most notable treasures is the archaeological site Angkor Wat, which holds the distinction of being a United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Site. However, Cambodia is also a developing...

The mango mealybug Rastrococcus invadens (Williams) (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae) is a destructive and important insect pest of fruit trees in Africa and Asia, especially the mango. Females and nymphs feed on plant leaves and fruits and produce honeydew that causes sooty mold, leading to yield reduction. Although it is an important pest, the distribu...

The focus of this study is to present the recent changes in BB activity over PSEA by considering decadal changes, 5-year ensemble mean analysis, and long-term trends from twenty years (2001-2020) of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) active fire counts. The results revealed that overall springtime BB activity significantly decrea...

Background In most developing countries, addressing malnutrition involves a coalition of stakeholders that includes the government and international development partners. This study explores the evolution of the malnutrition actor coalition landscape before and after the emergence of the National Nutrition Policy in the Lao People’s Democratic Repu...

Polar surface is intrinsically unstable and thus highly reactive due to the uncompensated surface charges. The charge compensation is accompanied by various surface reconstructions, establishing novel functionality for its applications. Our in-situ atomic-scale electron microscopy study directly shows that the atomic step and step-assisted reconstr...

South and Southeast Asia host almost half of the world’s undernourished people. Food and agricultural systems in these regions are highly dependent on the production and consumption of staple cereals such as rice, maize and wheat. More diverse farming systems can potentially improve rural people’s nutrition, while reducing the environmental impact...

The Cyana adelina (Staudinger, 1887) species-group is established and reviewed. Three new species and one new subspecies are described: Cyana yunnanensis regia ssp. n. (Northern Thailand and northern Laos), Cyana dubernardi sp. n. (China: Yunnan), Cyana khami sp. n. (central Laos), and Cyana karsticola sp. n. (northern Laos). Two new synonyms are e...

The ecological compensation standard in transboundary river basins should be determined by the basin countries through negotiation on the basis of the base value of the ecological compensation standard. This paper calculated the base value range of the ecological compensation standard, determining the upper limit based on the spillover value of eco...

Previous studies on horseshoe bats ( Rhinolophus spp .) have described many coronaviruses related to SARS-CoV (SARSCoVr) in China and only a few coronaviruses related to SARS-CoV-2 ( SARSCoV2r ) in Yunnan, Cambodia, Laos and Thailand. Here, we report the results of several field missions carried out in 2017, 2021 and 2022 across Vietnam during whic...

This study investigates the transition from surface to underground mining at the Sepon Gold mine. The stability of surface slopes is assessed prior to commencing underground operations. Stope mining is adopted based on ore body characteristics and geological features. Finite element numerical analysis, employing the Generalized Hoek–Brown criterion...