Kenya - Science topic

At COP27, the Kenyan and UK governments signed a climate finance agreement to accelerate the implementation of the High Grand Falls mega-dam on Tana River. Communities living near the dam site have been anticipating the dam construction since the post-independence era. The plans have been revived in the context of Kenya’s Vision 2030. In this artic...

This study investigated the high dropout rates among girls in secondary schools in Mariani Ward, a critical issue observed in many developing regions. The specific objectives of the study were to assess how household income, parental education, and family structure influence girls' dropout rates. The study was grounded in the Relative Deprivation t...

Introduction: Adaptation of Universal Health Coverage signals the Kenyan government's commitment to ensure that Kenyans have access to quality, available and affordable health services. Cataract and uncorrected refractive error are the leading causes of blindness and vision impairment. Effective interventions exist for both eye challenges and capac...

Background African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) is a significant reservoir host for many zoonotic and parasitic infections in Africa. These include a range of viruses and pathogenic bacteria, such as tick-borne rickettsial organisms. Despite the considerations of mammalian blood as a sterile environment, blood microbiome sequencing could become crucia...

This study used the ex-post facto research design in the identification of factors linked with social accounting disclosures and financial performance of listed consumer and industrial goods companies in sub-Saharan Africa. The countries include Nigeria, South Africa, Kenya and Botswana. The financial performance metrics employed were return on equ...

Introduction Oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a priority intervention for scale-up in countries with high HIV prevalence. Policymakers must decide how to optimise PrEP allocation to maximise health benefits within limited budgets. We assessed the health and economic impact of PrEP scale-up among different subgroups and regions in western Ken...

Impact-driven crowdfunding is still a new and evolving field. In fact, the crowdfunding market of developing economies in Africa currently account for less than one percent of global investments. Research is essential to untangling the interaction and developing an understanding of how these innovative funding mechanisms complement each other. This...

The Sudanese refugee children in Nairobi, Kenya, face xenophobia and discriminative urban refugee policies, which preclude their admission into public elementary schools in the city. In turn, these children's enrolment in private schools in Nairobi is hindered by their parents' or guardians' precarious socioeconomic status. To enhance educational a...

Trade within Africa has enormous potential to promote regional integration, alleviate poverty, and stimulate economic progress. Even though Africa has some of the world's fastest-growing economies, intra-continental trade only makes up 17% of global trade, lagging behind other areas. By removing obstacles and seizing possibilities, African countrie...

Irrigation is often celebrated as a means of intensifying agricultural production and improving food and nutrition security. In the context of semi-subsistence smallholder agriculture irrigation can have a positive impact on dietary diversity through various pathways. However, studies on the linkages between irrigation and rural household nutrition...

Dini Ya Musambwa, 1940'lı yıllarda Afri­ka'nın Batı Kenya ve Uganda bölgesinde ortaya çıkan. Afrika'nın yerli dini hareketle­rinden biridir. Dini Ya Musambwa, kelime anlamı olarak "Ataların Dini" anlamına gel­mektedir. Hareketin kurucusu Bukusu (Babu­kusu) halkından Elijah Masinde'dir. Bu hare­ket, İngiliz sömürge yönetimine ve Kenya' da faaliyet g...

Non-conformance with antibiotic withdrawal period guidelines represents a food safety concern, with potential for antibiotic toxicities and allergic reactions as well as selecting for antibiotic resistance. In the Kenyan domestic pig market, conformance with antibiotic withdrawal periods is not a requirement of government legislation and evidence s...

Providing high-quality services in game lodges promotes customer satisfaction and, subsequently, favourable behavioural intentions, leading to enhanced business performance, including market share and profitability. Practical and empirical evidence has demonstrated that visitors have varying degrees of preferences that influence their expectations...

Integrated serological surveillance (serosurveillance) involves testing for antibodies to multiple pathogens (or species) simultaneously and can be achieved using multiplex bead assays (MBAs). This systematic review aims to describe pathogens studied using MBAs, the operational implementation of MBAs, and how the data generated were synthesised. In...

Political Science and Diplomacy

The environmental unsustainability becomes constantly aggressive Globally and that causes threats to human life and nature in general. Climate change consists of multivariant like storms, heatwaves, floods, and earthquakes and all these are caused by human pollution to the environment. Recently, the Eastern Africa in 2024 April was severely attack...

Purpose: Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health (ASRH) in Kajiado County, Kenya, is hindered by early marriages, cultural practices, and limited healthcare access. The pastoralist communities face unique challenges, increasing risks like unintended pregnancies and maternal mortality. Despite efforts to improve access, gaps in ASRH service utiliz...

The global burden of uncorrected refractive error demands for adoption of different approaches inclined towards scaling effective refractive error coverage. While innovative approaches such as utilization of telemedicine is being adopted by social enterprises in different parts of the world to scale refractive error service delivery, commercial ent...

Enhancing transparency in the food system through product certification assures consumers to make informed nutritional choices. A choice experiment was conducted to evaluate household decision makers’ preferences for certified high iron common beans. A stratified multistage sampling technique was adopted to select 384 respondents, and data was coll...

Structural, psychological, and clinical barriers to HIV care engagement among adolescents and young adults living with HIV (AYAH) persist globally despite gains in HIV epidemic control. Phone-based peer navigation may provide critical peer support, increase delivery flexibility, and require fewer resources. Prior studies show that phone-based navig...

Background Population growth and an increase in the number of Africans who survive to old age puts them at a higher risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia and Alzheimer’s. Little research has been conducted on community knowledge and perceptions of dementia in rural settings in Kenya. Method Community health volunteers, hea...

The International Conference on Climate Resilient, Smart and Sustainable Futures (ICCRSF 2025) is organised by the Vaal University of Technology’s Faculty of Human Sciences through a partnership with the National Research Foundation of South Africa (NRF), Great Zimbabwe University, the University of South Africa, Fort Hare University, Cape Peninsul...

Background Plasma/serum measurements, which stand as the clinical gold standard biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are minimally invasive, facilitating easy collection and processing particularly in low‐resource settings. Often, both laboratory and non‐laboratory medical personnel find themselves collecting these blood biomarker samples in rem...

Maize (Zea mays L.) production in sub-Saharan Africa can be improved by using hybrids with genetic resistance to maize lethal necrosis (MLN). This study aimed to assess the general (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA), reciprocal effects, and quantitative genetic basis of MLN resistance and agronomic traits in tropical maize inbred lines. A t...

How does the receipt of a cash transfer impact consumption of nutrients, vitamins, and minerals in households? To answer this question, we use a ran-domized controlled trial dataset from Hunger Safety Net Program (HSNP) with 9,246 households spread across the four districts (Turkana, Marsabit, Wajir, and Mandera) of Kenya. In the experiment, HSNP t...

Antibiotics can trigger antimicrobial resistance and microbiome alterations. Reducing pathogen exposure and undernutrition can reduce infections and antibiotic use. We assess effects of water, sanitation, handwashing (WSH) and nutrition interventions on caregiver-reported antibiotic use in Bangladesh and Kenya, longitudinally measured at three time...

Kenya is overly affected by the consequences of climate change and struggling to find ways to balance mitigation with the urgent need to meet the country’s infrastructure and housing needs. Traditional concreting methods, such as onsite mixing and manual compaction, are slow, material, water, and labor-intensive. The precast industry therefore offe...

Background The Integration and Evaluation of a Community‐Level Dementia Screening Programme in rural KenYa (DEM‐SKY) program, supported by the Davos Alzheimer’s Collaborative, leverages existing community resources to promote early detection of dementia among older adults and strengthen health system policy and practice in Kenya. Methods The DEM‐S...

Purpose To determine the prevalence and demographic profile of keratoconus (KC) among high school students in Nairobi County, Kenya. Methods In this population-based, prospective, cross-sectional study, multistage cluster sampling was used to select the participants. All students underwent visual acuity measurement, auto-refraction, retinoscopy an...

Background Developing culture‐fair tests that measure constructs equivalently across different ethno‐lingual groups is challenging, given the diverse cultural variations that impact neurocognitive measurement. Multi‐level measurement invariance must be established before interpreting scores similarly across groups, both within and between cultures...

Background Seasonal influenza illness and acute respiratory infections can impose a substantial economic burden in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs). We assessed the cost of influenza illness and acute respiratory infections across household income strata. Methods We conducted a secondary analysis of data from a prior systematic review of c...

This study explores the integration of accounting tools with innovative business models to improve financial transparency and foster consumer trust among rural smallholder farmers in China. The report highlights common challenges faced by smallholder farmers, such as irregular financial records and inadequate costing, which hinder their access to f...

Purpose: This study sought to articulate the role of community-based economic activities and its contribution to sustainable tourism development in Busia County, Kenya. Materials and Methods: The study used mixed method approach to collect both quantitative and qualitative data. Simple random sampling and purposive sampling techniques where 429 res...

Background Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease that affects patients’ ability to perform activities of daily living thus requiring assistance from their loved ones. The progressive nature of the disease unravels new and continuous challenges for the caregivers posing a huge burden on caregiving. However, there is little research in S...

A government has the monopoly of power to punish offenders who are deemed to disrupt the good order in society. This it does through a judicial process that culminates in a lawful punishment. Such punishment is meant to be proportional to the wrong done. Ordinarily, once a person has served the punishment, such a person would be deemed to have paid...

This paper investigates the commercialization of Intellectual Property (IPRs) at universities and the potential for universities in Kenya to leverage their Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) as a vital revenue source. Even though they possess significant intellectual assets, many universities have failed to utilize IPRs and in turn, losing opportu...

1.1 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM The manufacturing sector in Kenya, particularly the food and beverage subsector, faces significant challenges due to declining market share, stagnant sales growth, and increasing operational costs. Over the past five years, the sector has experienced a decrease in market share by 5% and stagnation in sales growth at 2%,...

This study investigates the influence of Reverse Logistics Strategies (RLS) on the performance of food and beverage manufacturing firms in Nairobi City County, Kenya, as part of a broader exploration of Sustainable Supply Chain Management (SSCM) strategies. Using a descriptive cross-sectional research design, data were collected from a sample of 16...

Purpose: Despite these reforms tax compliance for the rental income tax has remained low since its introduction. This study aimed to determine the effect of dispute resolution mechanism reforms on rental income tax compliance among property owners in Ngong Town, Kenya. The study was guided by the following theories: Ability to pay Theory and Confli...

Climate change is expected to reduce crop and livestock productivity leading to increased hunger and food insecurity. Formulation of effective adaptation strategies can reduce the negative effects of climate change on food security. This study examined types of adaptation strategies implemented by males/male-headed households and females/female-hea...

Introduction The COVID 19 pandemic underscored the vital importance of multi-sectoral coordination in managing complex public health crises. Effective collaboration among stakeholders including governments, health systems, private enterprises, civil society, and academia has been pivotal in mitigating the pandemics impacts. However, significant gap...

There have been several studies on Neolithic Cultures in the Serengeti National. The recovered archaeological materials include domestic and wild fauna remains, potsherds and lithic artefacts, ochre, and stone enclosures, dating between 7200 and 4900 BP. In the East African Rift System (EARS), conventional ages for Neolithic Cultures are inferre...

This study aims to explore the challenges, opportunities, and policy implications of adopting cashless payment systems in rural Bangladesh, focusing on how digital financial services can promote economic development and financial inclusion in these areas. The study is based on an extensive literature review that includes journal articles, research...

Background According to (Kalinski, 2020) Job satisfaction is a complex combination of psychological, emotional feeling and other environmental factors that can affect an employee positively and give them a sense of achievement on the job. Further, He implys that job satisfaction can be linked to doing a job one enjoys, being productive and getting...

The study examined the influence of employee involvement practices on employee performance in public universities in Kenya. The specific objective was to find out how employee involvement constructs (employee voice, information sharing, incentives, and delegation) influence employee performance in public universities. Descriptive survey design was...

https://gupress.gallaudet.edu/Books/I/International-Perspectives-on-Sign-Language-Translator-and-Interpreter-Education

Background Increased risk of HIV acquisition during pregnancy and lactation among women is evident, necessitating their inclusion in the evaluation of new HIV prevention interventions. Pregnant and postpartum women specifically face challenges with oral PrEP associated with stigma, and the burden of using other tablets. Long-acting products may add...

Introduction Community health volunteers (CHVs) are fundamental in many health systems across the globe. In Kenya, CHVs were essential in providing sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study highlights challenges experienced by community health volunteers in Kenya while providing SRH services during the CO...

The study investigates controlled environment agriculture (CEA) in Nigeria focusing on its feasibility, economic benefits, environmental impact, and socio-economic implications. While CEA technologies such as hydroponics, vertical farming, automation, and greenhouse systems offer efficiency and yield improvements, this review highlights the extent...

Fasciolosis impact livestock production globally, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa, necessitating studies to develop intervention strategies. The objectives of the current study were The main objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of Fasciola gigantica in cattle and sheep slaughtered at the Eldoret Slaughterhouse in Kenya with a n...

The reality of participation of women within the leadership ranks of the Education sector in comparison with their male counterparts, remains far from balanced. The empowerment of women at different levels of leadership in the education sector across the country is notable. However, in secondary schools’ leadership; ranging from Deans of Studies, H...

The rapid growth of digital lending platforms has revolutionized access to credit in emerging economies, providing financial opportunities to underserved individuals. Despite these advancements, high loan default rates remain a substantial challenge, threatening the sustainability of these lending platforms and the broader financial ecosystem. This...

This study examined the effects of cashless policy implementation on revenue optimization in Kakamega County, Kenya. The shift from traditional cash-based transactions to electronic payment systems has been a significant development in public finance management, aimed at enhancing revenue collection efficiency, reducing pilferages, and curbing corr...

Trees play a vital role in combating climate change by sequestering carbon and helping farmers adapt to and become more resilient to future climatic changes. Understanding the factors influencing households’ tree-planting decisions is essential for shaping policies and initiatives aimed at increasing on-farm tree cover, improving farmers’ incomes,...

This paper stems from an analysis of a larger study that explored proficiency in mathematical symbolization and presents students’ representational fluency in using mathematical symbols concerning arts and culture. The research had the potential of revealing the conception of symbols by students, the thick line interconnection between mathematics a...

In recent decades, worldwide concerns about the health of honey bees motivated the development of surveys to monitor the colony losses, of which Sub-Saharan Africa has had limited representation. In the context of climate change, understanding how climate affects colony losses has become fundamental, yet literature on this subject is scarce. For th...

The ant genus Zasphinctus are fascinating ants due to their distinctive morphology, ecology, and rarity. In this study, a comprehensive revision of Zasphinctus in the Afrotropical region is presented, through a combination of morphological examination under the light microscope and three-dimensional (3D) cyber-taxonomy based on microtomography (mic...

Addressing global food security demands urgent improvement in agricultural productivity, particularly in developing economies where market imperfections are perverse and resource constraints prevail. While microcredit is widely acknowledged as a tool for economic empowerment, its role in facilitating agricultural technology adoption and improving a...

Purpose: Green procurement practices have attracted the growing interest of professional circles and academician due to its positive impact on brand reputation, competitive advantage and performance of the organisation. Milk needs a unique treatment due to perishability and since it is a consumable product it must be handled with care to ensure hea...

This article presents views and experiences of staff, and learners from two Higher Education Institutions (HEIs)—the University of Nairobi in Kenya and UCL in the UK—on their intuitional structures, support, and education mechanisms related to disability, international and refugee status. Inclusive education is a complex subject and often the focus...

The problem to be investigated was how agency banking has influenced customer satisfaction in Kenya. The research involved coming up with ways on how banks that use agent banking models were able to satisfy their customers' needs fully and solve problems as they arise. The specific objectives of the research were to find out the relationship betwee...

Subsurface water retention technology (SWRT), a polyethylene membrane-based technology, is known to enhance water retention and potentially reduce nutrient leaching beyond the root zone, thus improving crop yields, but its effect on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions remains unclear. This study therefore evaluated the impact of SWRT on soil carbon diox...

Purpose: This paper explores the trend of exchange rates over the past three decades, forecasts future trends, and investigates the impulse response of exports and imports on exchange rate shocks in Kenya. The study utilizes time series (1990-2022) data from the Central Bank of Kenya (CBK) and the World Development Indicators (WDI). Methodology: Th...

An education reform in any nation is necessary because it allows a nation to periodically review, revise, and evaluate its education systems and programmes. Kenya recently adopted the competency-based curriculum. This curriculum allows learners to lean at their own ability to demonstrate mastery of the competencies required for their future career...

Digital financial inclusion is a technology-driven strategy that empowers women with access to affordable, safe, and user-friendly financial services. It addresses gender disparities by providing tools like digital wallets and mobile banking for independent savings, borrowing, and spending. This approach also aids in income management, enabling wom...

This paper describes a project developed in co-operation with two dozen community libraries and schools in various slums and low-income regions in Kenya. The project was started in response to COVID-19, to allow students to solve computerised math drills while schools were closed. The number of students involved reached two thousand during the firs...

Conflicts and a pervasive sense of insecurity affect the borders shared by Kenya, Uganda, and South Sudan. These issues are primarily driven by cattle rustling and the widespread availability of small arms. The challenging landscape offers refuge to rebels and intensifies competition for limited resources among local communities, governments, and m...

Kenya is committed to achieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC) within its devolved health system in which significant investments have been made in health infrastructure, workforce development, and service delivery. Despite these efforts, the country faces considerable health workforce challenges. To address these, the Ministry of Health undertook...

Globally, organizations are continually seeking innovative strategies to enhance service delivery, particularly in the healthcare sector. Effective organizational management, encompassing leadership, organizational culture, and structure, is essential for achieving service efficiency and quality. The Kenya Defence Forces Medical Insurance Scheme (D...

Background Socioeconomic status (SES) is essential for determining a person or community's position about certain social and economic characteristics. This is particularly important in sub-Saharan Africa, where health disparities are pronounced. We conducted a scoping review to explore approaches used in health studies to measure socio-economic sta...

This study investigated the impact of the Concept Mapping Teaching Approach (CMTA) on Biology achievement among year four students in selected secondary schools in Kitui County, Kenya. The Solomon Four Non-Equivalent Control Group design was used. The target population included all secondary school Biology students, while the accessible population...

The performance of medical supply chain is vital in ensuring timely and cost-effective delivery of healthcare products, directly impacting patient outcomes and the efficiency of health systems. This study investigates the effect of transparent procurement practices on the performance of medical supply chain in Kenya, with a focus on addressing the...

The study sought to establish the relationship between principals' financial management skills and institutional performance in public secondary schools in South Rift Region, Kenya. The study adopted descriptive cross-sectional survey and correlational research designs. Multistage sampling was used to select 336 respondents for the study, including...