Internal Medicine - Science topic

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2) are increasingly prescribed in diabetology and other internal medicine specialties. They mainly have a beneficial effect on metabolic parameters, that is, glycaemia and body weight. Additionally, they were shown to protect target organs, the cardiovascular system, and kidneys in people with or with...

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the biggest health challenges facing health systems around the world. There are certain risk factors (CVRFs) that contribute to CVD. Risk factors associated with lifestyle such as tobacco consumption are particularly essential. Renalase is a recently discovered flavoprotein that may be involved in the progr...

Introducción: La medicina interna, una disciplina en constante evolución, ha experimentado cambios significativos debido a los avances en genómica, tecnologías digitales, y terapias dirigidas. Esta revisión aborda las tendencias recientes y desarrollos en medicina interna, enfocándose en la atención médica integral. Desarrollo: Se observaron progre...

Objectives Determine the prevaccination healthcare impact of COVID-19 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in England. Design Retrospective cohort study of adult patients with SLE from 1 May to 31 October 2020. Setting Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) Aurum and Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) databases from general prac...

Background Internal medicine (IM) residency is a notoriously challenging time generally characterized by long work hours and adjustment to new roles and responsibilities. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to multiple emergent adjustments in training schedules to accommodate increasing needs in patient care. The physician training period, in itself, has...

Dementia is a significant health problem worldwide, being the seventh leading cause of death (2,382,000 deaths worldwide in 2016). Recent data suggest there are several modifiable risk factors that, if addressed, can decrease dementia risk. Several national dementia screening programs exist; however, limited-income countries do not have the means t...

Introducción: La integración eficaz entre Medicina Interna y Cuidados Críticos es esencial para optimizar el tratamiento de la sepsis en Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos. Este artículo aborda la necesidad imperante de un enfoque colaborativo que combine la perspectiva crónica de la Medicina Interna con la aguda de los Cuidados Críticos. Desde la ide...

Introduction Rare diseases are chronic conditions, generally incurable, progressive and disabling, which may result in early death. Access to therapeutic products, both medicines and appropriate medical devices, is essential to prevent the progression of the disease and maintain the patients’ quality of life. Pharmacists can be part of health teams...

1 (VDW, AG Gesundheit; Korr. 1.3.22 und 17.4.): 2 3 DAS PANDEMIE-MANAGEMENT ZEIGT: EINE MENSCH-ZENTRIERTE 4 ÖKOSYSTEMISCHE GESUNDHEITSWISSENSCHAFT UND-PRAXIS IST NÖTIG! 5 6 EINFÜHRUNG 7 Während der Corona-Virus-Pandemie sind Forschungsdefizite deutlich geworden, die aus einer 8 übergeordneten Ebene, nämlich der Wissenschaftsphilosophie oder der Erk...

Background: Getting abridged with procedural skills is of utmost importance to our postgraduate trainees to ensure patients' safety and efficient delivery of healthcare services. Such skills are essential for diagnosing as well managing the patients. Objectives: To compare the procedural skills of university residents during 1st and 2nd cycle of ev...

Background Despite similar numbers of women and men in internal medicine (IM) residency, women face unique challenges. Stereotype threat is hypothesized to contribute to underrepresentation of women in academic leadership, and exploring how it manifests in residency may provide insight into forces that perpetuate gender disparities. Objective To q...

A fracture is a breaking of the continuity of a bone and may range from a simple crack to a complete breakage of the bone. In general bone fracture treatment in allopathic medicine consists of bone reduction, immobilization of bones to occur natural healing process, and then rehabilitation. A traditional orthopedic treatment named Kadum-bindum we...

Digital transformation in healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic led to the development of new hybrid models integrating physical and virtual care. The ability to provide remote care by telemedicine technologies and the need to better manage and control hospitals’ occupancy accelerated growth in hospital-at-home programs. The Sheba Medical Center...

Objectives To examine the associations between catheter ablation treatment (CA) versus medical management and cognitive impairment among older adults with atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods Ambulatory patients who had AF, were ≥ 65-years-old, and were eligible to receive oral anticoagulation could be enrolled into the SAGE (Systematic Assessment of...

DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.1.5109.0408/1 : En tant que médecin chef de clinique de la Fondation Pôle Autisme (centre de consultation spécialisé en autisme et consultation pour le développement de l’enfant et de l’adolescent), Genève, Suisse, il acquit une connaissance clinique dans le développement des troubles psychiques, spécifiquement dans les troubles...

Aims To develop a comprehensive understanding of caregiver burden and its predictors from a dyadic perspective. Method A convergent mixed methods design was used. This study was conducted in three European countries, Italy, Spain, and the Netherlands. A sample of 229 HF patients and caregivers was enrolled between February 2017 and December 2018 f...

In China, studies have shown nosocomial infections contribute to increased mortality rates, prolonged hospital stays, and added financial burdens for patients. Previous studies have demonstrated that effective infection control training can enhance the quality of infection control practices, particularly in intensive care unit (ICU) settings. Howev...

OBJECTIVE: The efficacy of treatments for fibromyalgia is limited and many factors have been identified to trigger the current complaints. Iron deficiency anemia is one of these factors. We aimed to re-evaluate the quality of life of fibromyalgia patients with the Fibro-myalgia Impact Questionnaire after ferric car-boxymaltose treatment. PATIENTS A...

Introduction Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is a biologically active protein and increased levels are associated with worse outcomes in critically ill patients. suPAR in bronchoalveolar fluid (BALF) may be helpful to differentiate between types of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and may have potential for early...

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a serious, worldwide public health crisis. Surveillance of antimicrobial use forms part of an essential strategy to contain AMR. We aimed to conduct a national point prevalence survey (PPS) on antimicrobial use, and to compare this data with similar international surveillance programs to provide a reference for fut...

(1) Background: Drug–drug interactions (DDIs) possess the potential to lead to a range of clinically significant consequences in the older population. (2) Aims: To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of DDIs among older patients within an outpatient setting of a university hospital. (3) Methods: This is a descriptive analysis of patie...

Objectives To evaluate the relationship among dysnatraemia at hospital presentation and duration of admission, risk of intensive care unit (ICU) admission and all-cause mortality and to assess the underlying pathophysiological mechanism of hyponatraemia in patients with COVID-19. Our hypothesis is that both hyponatraemia and hypernatraemia at prese...

Phlebitis secondary to vascular access is one of the most frequent complications in hospital care. This study aims to evaluate the scientific activity related to this complication through a bibliometric analysis. The search was performed on a single day, 23 January 2023, to ensure the inclusion of all articles and to avoid bias caused by the daily...

Communication among healthcare professionals is critical to optimizing patient outcomes, and communication education is incorporated into the educational programs of healthcare professions students. Communication can be a source of stress for new healthcare professionals, however, there is a lack of research on communication apprehension (CA) in he...

Background Given that lung cancer is the deadliest cancer globally, it not only leads to physical issues but also triggers psychiatric challenges in patients with lung cancer. Research has shown that individuals with lung cancer encounter a higher prevalence of psychiatric issues when compared to patients with other types of cancers. For this reaso...

Introduction Overcrowding in the emergency departments (ED) is linked to adverse clinical outcomes, a negative impact on patient safety, patient satisfaction, and physician efficiency. We aimed to design a medical admission prediction scoring system based on readily available clinical data during ED presentation. Methods In this retrospective cross...

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) in hospitalized medically ill patients is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Guidelines suggest that VTE and bleeding risk assessment models (RAMs) should be integrated into the clinical decision-making process on thromboprophylaxis. However, poor evidence is available comparing the use of a RAM...

OBJECTIVES Implementation barriers and lack of standardized point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) curricula make the development of effective POCUS curricula and methods of assessment challenging. The authors aim to develop a longitudinal POCUS curriculum through staged intervention. In the first stage, the authors hypothesized that the use of high-fide...

Background There is a gender difference in the acceptance of osteoporosis diagnosis and treatment in patients after fragility fractures, but this difference is rarely assessed during hospitalization, and it is unclear whether these differences are age-dependent. This study aimed to evaluate the differences between male and female fragility fracture...

Introduction: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are commonly used to treat acid-related disorders. Their appropriate use depends on the correct indications from the clinician. Owing to the high incidence of use and misuse, PPIs have been identified as an essential pharmacological class for developing deprescribing recommendations. Therefore, assessing...

In patients with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations, the association between use of β-adrenergic agonists and stress cardiomyopathy is becoming increasingly recognized. Considering the emergence of this association, we sought to consolidate information from the existing body of literature to derive observational trends. O...

Background High CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc score (Congestive heart failure, Hypertension, Age > 75 years, Diabetes mellitus, prior Stroke or transient ischemic attack or thromboembolism, Vascular disease, Age 65–74 and Sex category) was associated with adverse clinical outcomes in different settings. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the associati...

Introduction Listening and communication difficulties can limit people’s participation in activity and adversely affect their quality of life. Hearing, as well as listening and communication difficulties, can be measured either by using behavioural tests or self-report measures, and the outcomes are not always closely linked. The association betwee...

Evaluating academics is a challenge, and the use of indicators such as scientific impact (i.e. number of published papers and their citation rate) is complex and poorly validated. We propose a new indicator for academic medical research: the “Free lunches” index (fl-index), computed from the sum of gifts from the industry. The fl-index provides a d...

Background: Internal medicine, a challenging subject for medical students, is crucial for treating most adult patients. Clinical rotations in teaching hospitals help bridge knowledge gaps and build skills for effective patient care. Objectives: To assess perceptions and challenges in acquiring internal medicine knowledge and skills during undergrad...

Introduction End-of-Rotation Forms (EORFs) assess resident progress in graduate medical education and are a major component of Clinical Competency Committee (CCC) discussion. Single-institution studies suggest EORFs can detect deficiencies, but both grades and comments skew positive. In this study, we sought to determine whether the EORFs from thre...

Context Osteopathic medical schools have traditionally placed a heavy emphasis on the field of primary care. While graduating osteopathic students continue to pursue family medicine, internal medicine, and pediatrics at higher rates than their allopathic counterparts, it is unknown whether students feel that surgical rotations are held to similar s...

Introducción: el uso de la alimentación enteral en pacientes con demencia resulta un desafío ético-clínico. El objetivo de este artículo es exponer el proceso de validación de un cuestionario para conocer la opinión de los médicos al respecto y sus resultados preliminares. Metodología: se desarrolló un cuestionario anónimo para conocer la opinión d...

Objective: To measure the effect of the pharmacist-led medication reconciliation service before hospital discharge on preventing potential medication errors. Methods: This behavioral interventional study took place in a public teaching hospital in Iraq between December 2022 and January 2023. It included inpatients who were taking four or more medic...

Abstracts Background Medical students and residents have been revealed to have extraordinary difficulties in managing patients with neurological complaints. However, specific information on Chinese trainees is scarce. Herein, we aimed to uncover the presence of, contributing factors for, and potential solutions to neurophobia among medical student...

Background In Israel, internal medicine admissions are currently reimbursed without accounting for patient complexity. This is at odds with most other developed countries and has the potential to lead to market distortions such as avoiding sicker patients. Our objective was to apply a well-known, freely available risk adjustment model, the Elixhaus...

There have been few reports on the diagnostic performance of soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) for lymphoma. A cross-sectional study was conducted at a university hospital; all patients who were admitted to the Division of General Internal Medicine and underwent serum sIL-2R testing were included. Patients were divided into two groups based o...

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic illness which is mainly associated with reduced physical activity and obesity. Diabetes mellitus and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease may coexist and synergistically lead to poor clinical outcomes. The aim of this study is to find out the prevalence of diabetes mellitus among patients with non...

Background Lipid profile measurement in order to identify patients with elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is clearly recommended for all age groups. However, the value of screening patients for elevated LDL-C during hospitalization has not been determined. The aim of this study was to investigate the value of lipid screening test...

The aim of the present paper is to contribute to the understanding of the history of the anatomical study of the intra-renal arteries. The vasculature and especially the intra-renal arteries of the kidneys are an intriguing field which was first studied through art and then perfected by medicine. Angiography and microsurgery have resulted in partia...

Background Multiple drug therapies are commonly used to achieve a desired therapeutic goal, especially in hospitalized patients. However, drug–drug interactions might occur and threaten the patients’ safety. Objective This study aims to assess the prevalence and severity of potential drug–drug interactions (PDDIs) in the internal medicine ward at...

Background: Patient death is an inevitability during medical training, with subsequent psychologic distress, decreased empathy and worse learning outcomes. We aimed to explore resident experiences with patient death early in training, including the immediate and delayed impacts of these experiences, preparedness of trainees for these events and co...

Introduction: Poor dietary management is still commonly found in diabetes mellitus patients. Diet can be observed from the amount of food, type of food, and food schedule. The purpose of this research is to find out the diet of people with diabetes mellitus at the Ibnu Sina Gresik Hospital. Methods: This study was used a descriptive research design...

Introdução: O tromboembolismo venoso inclui a trombose venosa profunda e a embolia pulmonar. Em Portugal, a incidência de embolia pulmonar foi estimada em 35 por 100.000 habitantes. As suas manifestações clínicas são inespecíficas. Este relato de caso pretende realçar o desafio na suspeita clínica de embolia pulmonar, principalmente nos cuidados de...

Cough is a condition that can be caused by several different mechanisms. There are numerous guidelines for diagnosing the cause of cough, yet the effect of a well-constructed examination framework has not been investigated. At the Department of Internal Medicine, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle, a systematic examination framework for diagnosing cough wa...

Background Low mobility during an acute hospitalization is frequent and associated with adverse effects, including persistent functional decline, institutionalization and death. However, we lack effective interventions to improve mobility that are scalable in everyday practice. The INTOMOB trial – INtervention to increase MOBility in older hospital...

Type II DM is a disease with special symptoms, namely hyperglycemia. Poor adherence to medication is problematic when managing DM. An aspect that can improve medication discipline in Type II DM sufferers is family support. The family is a component that influences Type II DM sufferers in supporting patients to fulfill their medication. The research...

Persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) is a common congenital anomaly of the thoracic venous system. It is usually asymptomatic and is detected when cardiovascular imaging is performed for unrelated reasons. Its presence can complicate catheter placement within the right side of the heart, as well as cardiac procedures. In most cases PLSVC can...

Introduction: Porto-sinusoidal vascular syndrome is characterised by specific histological changes that do not include cirrhosis, with or without portal hypertension. Patients are usually asymptomatic until development of portal hypertension complications. Case description: A 69-year-old female with history of JAK2 positive essential thrombocythemi...

Sequential pattern mining (SPM) is a data mining technique used for identifying common association rules in multiple sequential datasets and patterns in ordered events. In this study, we aimed to identify the relationships between commonly occurring internal medicine diseases in canine patients. We obtained medical records of dogs referred to the K...

Jean-Martin Charcot, widely regarded as a leading founder of modern neurology, made substantial contributions to the understanding and characterization of numerous medical conditions. His initial focus was on internal medicine, later expanding to include neuropathology, general neurology, and eventually emerging fields such as neuropsychology and n...

Objective: To determine the frequency of contributing factors in Myocardial Infarction in young population Study design: Descriptive, Cross-sectional study Study was conducted over a period of six months in Medical Unit-II of Services Hospital, Lahore. Materials & Methods: A total population of 149 young patients irrespective of their gender with a...

Blood culture obtainment prior to antibiotic administration, in patients with suspected infection, is considered the best practice in international guidelines. However, there is little data regarding the effect of a single dose of antibiotics on blood culture sterilization. We conducted a prospective study, enrolling consecutive patients with suspe...

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to assess the impact of internal medicine consultation on mortality, 30-day readmission, and length of stay in surgical patients. METHODS This is a retrospective descriptive study developed in a public Brazilian teaching hospital with 850 beds. RESULTS A total of 70,245 patients were admitted from 2010 to...

Evidence-based medicine integrates results from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses, combining the best external evidence with individual clinical expertise and patients’ preferences. However, RCTs of surgery differ from those of medicine in that surgical performance is often assumed to be consistent. Yet, evaluating whether each...

Several studies showed the role of trace elements in the increase in human susceptibility to cardiovascular diseases. Carotid artery stenosis is a leading cause of ischemic neurological events. We aimed to analyze the potential role of trace elements in hair as biomarkers of atherosclerotic carotid artery disease. Materials and Methods: Fifty-seven...

The patient is a 58-year-old male who presented with chief complaints of right-sided numbness, tingling, and loss of temperature sensation in the upper and lower extremities. The patient’s symptoms began around the face and right corner of the mouth [maxillary/mandibular (V2/V3) distribution] before descending to the arm, trunk, and followed by the...

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate quality of life, functional status and pain in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: The sample of this study consisted of 229 outpatients followed up in the rheumatology department of a hospital with a diagnosis of RA and those over 65 years old who were treated in the internal me...

Importance The combination of ceftriaxone and lansoprazole has been shown to prolong the corrected QT interval on electrocardiogram. However, it is unknown whether this translates to clinically important patient outcomes. Objective To compare lansoprazole with another proton pump inhibitor (PPI) during ceftriaxone treatment in terms of risk for ve...

Inactive behavior is common in hospitalized patients. This study investigated the effectiveness of using a smartphone app with an accelerometer (Hospital Fit) in addition to usual care physiotherapy on increasing patients’ physical activity (PA) behavior. A randomized controlled trial was performed at Maastricht University Medical Centre. Patients...

Background Physicians in public health administration agencies (public health physicians: PHP) play important roles in public health; however, there are not enough such physicians in Japan. This study aimed to elucidate the factors related to the resignation and migration of PHPs using nationwide survey data. Methods Data from the Survey of Physic...

An important way to manage noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) is to focus on prevention, early detection, and reducing associated risk factors. Risk factors can be detected with simple general health checks, which can also be performed in dental clinics. The purpose of this study was to investigate participants’ willingness to participate in general h...

Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has worsened mental health and reduced access to mental health services. During the pandemic, the demand for telemedicine has increased and related laws have been enacted. This study aimed to investigate telemedicine use for cases of major mental illnesses during the COVID-19 pandemic and...

Background Morning report is a fundamental component of internal medicine training and often represents the most significant teaching responsibility of Chief Residents. We sought to define Chief Resident behaviors essential to leading a successful morning report. Methods In 2016, we conducted a multi-site qualitative study using key informant inte...

Background AZD7442, a combination of 2 neutralizing antibodies, has been shown to reduce symptomatic COVID-19 risk by 83% at 6 months among high-risk individuals in a Phase 3 trial (PROVENT). The French Health Authorities authorized AZD7442 use in immunocompromised patients through Early Access Program (EAP). Eligibility for EAP was serological ant...

Background: Considering the challenges of the referral system in the family physician program and the impact of Covid-19 pandemic on the performance of the relevant ministry's programs, it is necessary to assess the performance of the referral system. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the performance of the family physician ref...