Informality - Science topic

CALL FOR PAPERS Research on the emerging employment and industrial relations challenges in SSA remain sparse. In this special issue the guest editors seek contributions that examine the progress towards decent work in SSA. We welcome country, industry, and cross-country case studies analyses. Importantly, we welcome examinations of existing theoret...

Transboundary crises put international organizations under pressure. The literature suggests that informal intergovernmental organizations (IIGOs) are particularly suited for crisis management and assumes a link between crises and informality. But not every crisis leads to IIGO involvement and there is no detailed theorization of this relationship....

This paper explores the significance of Max Weber's economic theory in urban planning and its implications for policy-making and urban management processes. Weber's theory, with its focus on rationality, bureaucracy, and institutions of power—particularly in economic, social, and organizational contexts—plays a critical role in understanding contem...

Today, many individuals face the challenge of combining work and family responsibilities. To help employees tackle the issues they face when juggling work and family, organizations often provide formal family-friendly policies. In addition, other people in the workplace, such as supervisors and coworkers, can support employees in an informal way in...

Introduction Recent evidence indicates that mindfulness-based programs (MBPs) improve overall well-being and the ability to cope with kidney failure and hemodialysis stressors. However, intradialytic MBPs are poorly investigated. Objective The aim of this study was to describe the study protocol, evaluate the feasibility and perceived effects of t...

This study examines the pragmatic role of ostensible lies-communicative acts in which falsehoods are mutually recognized but strategically presented as truth-in academic interactions within Jordanian culture. The problem addressed is the limited understanding of these socially coordinated lies and their functions in educational settings. The study'...

Rapidly advancing urbanization increasingly deepens cities' interdependencies with surrounding suburban and rural territories, leading to unique planning challenges. Yet, there is limited comparative understanding of how urban-rural linkages are practically addressed through spatial planning. This study explores the extent and variety to which urba...

This study analyzes the effectiveness of sharing economy platforms and management accounting systems (MAS) on the financial performance of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Malang City, Indonesia, by considering the moderating effect of demographic factors such as gender, age, and business tenure. The investigation also examines the i...

The 2024 Indonesian Presidential Election marked the fifth general election in the country, aimed at electing a new President and Vice President for the 2024-2029 term. Candidates competed to succeed the outgoing president, who had served two constitutional terms. A key aspect of this election was the candidate debates, where each candidate present...

This study examines the effectiveness of Social Security Programs (SSPs) in Nigeria, focusing on awareness levels, coverage gaps, socioeconomic impacts, and their role in addressing social security challenges. Using a mixed-methods approach and cross-sectional survey design, the research analyzes data from respondents in the Federal Capital Territo...

Wild nature in cities can allow urban residents to experience and connect with nature close to their homes. Previous research has shown that wild nature areas (WNAs) can be found in various urban greenspaces, such as remnant vegetation in forests, wild corners in parks, or spontaneous vegetation on informal sites. However, little is known about the...

The 2017 flash flood events in Northeast districts created differential impacts on poor people; therefore, the adaptation strategies adopted by the poor were insufficient to survive. The weakness in these strategies often resulted in vulnerability to them. The present paper attempts to argue that the impacts created by those barriers are heterogene...

The protection of the members of the household is the role of the head of the Igala household. However, many female spouses and children no longer get this protection. Such female spouses participate in or solely provide food, pay house rents, pay medical bills, etc., in addition to their female gender roles of domestic, caregiving and reproduction...

Resilience and flow are crucial in language education, yet most research focuses on formal learning environments, with limited studies on their impact in informal settings. This study explores the relationship between basic psychological needs and engagement in the context of informal digital English learning (IDLE). Using a mixed-methods design, d...

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan bagaimana pola pendidikan pada masa Perjanjian Baru. Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah rendahnya indeks prestasi pendidikan di Indonesia dibandingkan negara lain, yang juga mencakup pendidikan berbasis agama. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi pustaka, dengan mengumpulkan data dari buku,...

Background Dementia is a terminal condition often requiring palliative care delivered in residential care settings. While informal caregivers (ICGs) are pivotal in care-based decision-making, they have higher rates of physical and mental illness than ICGs of people with other terminal conditions. Identifying the needs of ICGs of people living with...

Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the common neurodevelopmental disorders in children and virtual reality (VR) has been used in the diagnosis and treatment of ADHD. Objective This paper aims to systematically evaluate the effect of VR technology on the attention and motor ability of children with ADHD. Methods T...

España y América han sostenido lazos históricos culturales durante cuatro siglos que han hecho posible la germinación de relaciones perdurables a lo largo del tiempo, devenidas en objeto de investigación desde diversas perspectivas. Este ha sido uno de los enfoques historiográficos que han recibido atención, como manera de rescatar esa página de la...

This study introduces a novel Learner-Intention Continuum, spanning from curiosity and exploration to purposeful, goal-directed learning. This continuum fills a critical gap in understanding the diverse motivations of informal and semi-formal learners, specifically those who enroll in massive open online courses (MOOCs). Through latent class analys...

This study investigates the relationship between organizational rumors and employee turnover intentions, with a specific focus on employees exhibiting individual entrepreneurial orientation (IEO). Employees with IEO are crucial for capturing innovation opportunities and enhancing organizational value creation, as they help mitigate market risks and...

The research looks into the trends in the use of the English language in the case of remote work by making a comparison between communication before and after the pandemic. It evaluates essential evolutions in the uses of language, tone, and communications for remote workers through a careful review of the literature based on research articles, rep...

The real estate sector in Quetta, Pakistan, faces numerous challenges that hinder its growth and sustainability. The study examines the current trends and challenges in the real estate sector of Quetta, Pakistan, focusing on environmental issues, pollution, no registration, rising taxes, and government policies. The study examines the level of info...

O presente artigo tem como tema central as políticas regulatórias do trabalho ambulante e camelô em Belo Horizonte, considerando os trabalhadores típicos e as pessoas com deficiência. O objetivo foi analisar políticas públicas que moldaram o trabalho de ambulantes e camelôs típicos e com deficiência em Belo Horizonte ao longo de mais de um século,...

Pendidikan bahasa Inggris di Papua, khususnya di Yayasan Putra Putri Al-Ikhlas, menghadapi tantangan dalam meningkatkan keterampilan berbicara Bahasa Inggris dasar siswa. Salah satu aspek yang perlu diperhatikan adalah penguasaan sapaan dalam bahasa Inggris, baik yang formal maupun informal, yang sangat penting dalam interaksi sosial sehari-hari. K...

To deal with serious food security risks, the Chinese government regards farmland transfer as a significant policy instrument. But in reality, short-term and unstable farmland transfer accounts for a large proportion, which restricts the improvement of agricultural productivity. The reason might be that the bounded rationality of the stakeholders i...

Purpose This article describes the approach taken to identify areas for development and to enhance positive practice, in line with a preventative Tier 1 PBS approach. The work was conducted within a supported living service, where ten individuals with a learning disability reside. Design/methodology/approach. The intervention was provided throu...

Orientation: Research on marketplaces and their role in the economic sustainability of small, medium and micro enterprises (SMMEs) remains sparse and the researchers need to establish the qualities necessary to support SMME viability.Research purpose: This empirical study proposed, designed and employed a cataloguing field methodology instrument to...

RESUMO: As duas principais fontes do direito internacional-os tratados e o costume-são profundamente dependentes da passagem do tempo. Partindo da contribuição do teórico social alemão Hartmut Rosa, o presente trabalho investiga os efeitos da aceleração social sobre a produção das normas jurídicas internacionais. A hipótese trabalhada é que, sem pr...

The current study aims to highlight the health challenges of women rag pickers in Rawalpindi. In underdeveloped countries, women of low socio-economic class face a lot of challenges to get a decent job as this depends on multiple factors. Women below the poverty line class are more likely to be involved in informal employment. A significant proport...

This research explored the nature of learning to teach pronunciation in English as an additional language (EAL) education with adult migrants in Australia. Although pronunciation is part of the curriculum that teachers use in adult migrant education, they receive little guidance or access to training on how to teach it. Research has shown that teac...

Risk management in the criminal justice system reflects a wider societal risk consciousness. People with criminal records are seen as risks requiring governance. Despite the recent interest in embedding lived experience in academic practice, for Convict Criminologists, the collateral and informal pains of imprisonment follow them into university an...

In agricultural mountain regions, changes in weather patterns force people to look for new agricultural activities, shift from agriculture to tourism services, or even leave the mountains. This study discusses the role of Dagestan’s agricultural terraces as a potential resource for mountain people to adapt agricultural activities to climate change,...

This paper deals with the potential grammaticalization of English (it) could be and (it) might be into epistemic sentence adverbs in analogy to maybe . They can occur in adverb-like positions and functions in informal language use, e.g. (it) could be something good has begun , often with the pronoun it omitted. But, given that no diachronic develop...

Extensive research has examined the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on precarious informal settlements. However, limited attention has been directed towards its implications in resettlement sites, where relocated residents from poor urban areas often experience long-term vulnerability. This article addresses this gap by investigating how the pande...

In the absence of large-scale investments of public resources, families in many communities are faced with making early care and education (ECE) decisions within a set of limited options. There is a need to better understand how families make decisions in these environments, the factors that influence their decisions, the information they need and...

Qual é o contributo antropológico na análise do protagonismo do par cidade formal/informal no âmbito do pensar/actuar sobre o território urbano? Qual é (ou pode ser) o contributo desta análise para repensar a intervenção urbana? A informalidade pode contribuir para inovar a intervenção urbana e esta normalizar o direito à cidade? Procede-se a uma d...

Keywords: banking sector | board capital | CEO power | corporate governance | corporate social responsibility | ESG performance | fuzzy-set qualitative comparative approach (fsQCA) ABSTRACT Board capital and CEOs are powerful actors in improving companies' ability to implement effective sustainability strategies, balance stakeholder interests, and...

Owing to its capability to offer remote services, the Internet of Things (IoT) has immersed itself in all areas of our daily lives. However, this big use of IoT networks makes the user’s data change insecurely in open channels vulnerable to malicious use. As a result, the security of the user’s data in an IoT environment becomes a critical issue. G...

In intelligent scenarios, large language models (LLMs) are used to create characters that interact with users, providing guidance and relevant information. The higher the degree of anthropomorphism of these roles, the better the emotional experience they provide, which is beneficial for user interaction and enhances user experience. Therefore, eval...

Purpose: The study investigates the influence of collateral ownership on formal credit accessibility for cottage industry owners in Dodoma, Tanzania. Design/Methodology/Approach: A cross-sectional survey randomly sampled 357 cottage industry owners from Dodoma City and Chamwino District Council in the Dodoma Region. Quantitative and qualitative dat...

Discussions of waste and electronic discard management often view micro-scale ingenious activities around unregulated recycling centers in the Global South only as a source of pollution. Gathering Electronic Waste in Tanzania: Labour, Value, and Toxicity goes further and explores the complexities of electronic waste management. Samwel Moses Ntapant...

This study investigated whether trophy taxidermy specimens of Australia’s largest freshwater fish, Murray cod (Maccullochella peelii), can provide accurate records of historical body size. Taxidermy mounts came mostly from informal collections in hotels from across the Murray–Darling Basin, south-eastern Australia, comprising 20% whole-body and 80%...

This article selects as a case study the Suzhou Canal, one of the most important sections of the Beijing–Hangzhou Grand Canal. It investigates how the Suzhou Canal is used as a driving factor to achieve canal-orientated urban waterfront regeneration based on the concept of everyday heritage. The article is presented in four sections. The first iden...

La presente investigación tiene por objetivo analizar la situación económica actual de las micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas (mipymes), en México y el comercio informal post-covid-19. Para dar respuesta a la pregunta de investigación ¿Cuál es la situación actual de las entidades en estudio y el comercio informal en México, post covid-19?, el tipo...

Informal caregivers of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) experience an increased caregiver burden as the disease progresses. Supportive interventions for caregivers are available and continue to be developed. One of the supportive intervention methods is mindfulness-based interventions, and despite the growing evidence on this topic...

The rapid growth of the Electrical and Electronic Equipment (EEE) industry has led to an increase in Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) generation in Nigeria. The informal sector plays a significant role in WEEE recycling, but unsustainable practices pose environmental and health risks. Unsustainable EEE recycling practices in Nigeria...

Esta revisión de la literatura, que analiza 52 referencias clasificadas entre artículos de revistas, capítulos de libros, informes, libros, páginas web y tesis, examina la informalidad laboral y la economía no observada en la República Dominicana. La informalidad laboral afecta a entre el 55.0% y el 58.0% de los trabajadores, influida por factores...

Securitization of refugees and migrants is a growing global phenomenon that is well illustrated by how refugee camps have emerged as governmental technologies of control in major host countries across the world. Policymakers and the media prominently feature the migration-security connection and depict refugees as threats to internal security, link...

El artículo tiene como objetivo analizar cómo las progresiones de aprendizaje situado para el cuidado del entorno físico y social que promueve el Proyecto CARE-México en escuelas, coadyuvan a la desestabilización de una educación androantropocéntrica sostenida por dualismos opresivos (humanidad/naturaleza, humano/animal, razón/emoción, relevancia/p...

In further understanding the importance of the informal/formal nexus, it is posited that they can co-exist, as explained in the case description example of a Youth Professional Practitioner Network (YPPN). It posits the influence of ‘informal education’ that creates the opportunity for value-based notions such as respect in enabling individuals to...

There is a well-established link between women’s labor force and political participation. However, most of this literature focuses on women’s participation in the formal economy in high-income countries, while the vast majority of employed women in poorer countries work in the informal economy in positions that provide far fewer resources, networks...

Translation is the process of conveying the meaning of a text accurately into a target language. Slang refers to informal language commonly used in casual conversations, making it unsuitable for formal situation. This study investigates the types of slang words and the translation strategies used in the subtitles of the movie Inside Out 2. Drawing...

Penggunaan bahasa gaul di media sosial oleh remaja Indonesia semakin berkembang pesat. Fenomena ini dapat saja mengaburkan batas antara bahasa baku dan bahasa informal yang diajarkan di sekolah. Meskipun bahasa gaul mempermudah interaksi sosial, dampaknya terhadap kemampuan berbahasa formal dan penguasaan bahasa Indonesia yang benar masih menjadi b...

In the realm of project management, leadership has long been a focal point of concern. However, the emergence and significance of informal leadership within the project context remain underexplored. This study, drawing on social exchange theory, hypothesizes the relationship between leader-member exchange (LMX) and the emergence of informal leaders...

Armed conflicts, such as a surge in bombings, shelling, and other violent outbreaks, dramatically affect national economies and business activities. This article aims to merge the previously separate research streams on foreign direct investment (FDI) and informal entrepreneurship, illustrating how these elements interact within the context of arme...

More than a decade of democratic backsliding has turned Hungary into a competitive authoritarian state. The government has initiated many judicial reforms to exert control over the judiciary, yet needed to maintain plausible deniability due to formal international and constitutional standards of judicial independence. Based on interviews with Hunga...

Forecasting is widely used in many aspects of human life whether it is informal for personal use or formal in organizations or institutions. This study delves into the utilization of judgmental forecasting in determining the ideal number of orders to restock inventory to supply to the restaurant. Through modeling and simulation, this research aims...

El translenguaje (García, 2009) se refiere al uso simultáneo y flexible de múltiples lenguas en un solo acto comunicativo. A diferencia del cambio de código, donde las lenguas son tratadas como sistemas discretos que se alternan, el translenguaje entiende que las personas multilingües operan a partir de un único repertorio integrado. En el aula de...

Being an informal communication source, social media text is susceptible to several intentional and unintentional textual variations. These variations lead to various out-of-vocabulary (OOV) words, making social media text processing more challenging. This work analyses and discusses such challenges by providing a detailed overview of different sou...

Emojis which are visual symbols deployed in digital communication have become essential tools for expression sharing among young adults, especially university students in Nigeria. This study investigates the encoding and decoding of emojis on social media for expression sharing among university students in Anambra State. Grounded by the symbolic in...

The imbalanced "state-village" power relationship persists amid modernisation and urbanisation processes, posing a threat to rural sustainable development. Nonetheless, the impact of newly arrived rural elites, such as gentrifiers, on this power dynamic has been largely overlooked. Drawing on a planning modification incident in Cenbu Village, Shang...

The research presented follows an interpretative, organized, and systematic pro cess aimed at the emergence of concepts and practices capable of deepening the understan ding of Pedagogical Innovation (PI) across diverse formal, non-formal, and informal learning environments. Conceptually, Peda gogical Innovation is analyzed within a post modern...

At the core of exemplary educational systems is the principle that the curriculum for each subject should be taught by Early Childhood Educators who have received specialized training. This tenet holds especially true for disciplines like Physical Education (PE), and physical activity, movement, play, and sport (PAMPS), which extend beyond mere phy...

Background The global population is undergoing a significant demographic transformation characterized by an aging population. Healthcare systems need to prepare for this shift. Challenges concerning care of older adults will be significant in the Netherlands in the coming years, as the country is just at the beginning of the predicted fast increase...

This ethnographic study investigates the perceptions of place and migration aspirations among young migrants within the Malawian diaspora in Lydiate, an informal settlement in Zimbabwe. Unlike traditional conceptions of diaspora that emphasize long-term settlement and place attachment, this study introduces the concept of a ‘radical sense of place,...

Purpose Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a highly prevalent social problem worldwide and in Arab countries. However, research has primarily focused on Western contexts, limiting our understanding of how women deal with IPV in different cultures. This study examined the strategies that women in Saudi Arabia use and their perceptions of their helpf...

The Materialisms Reading Group meets monthly to discuss a range of critical contemporary theory, including posthuman, new materialist, speculative realist, actor-network and object-oriented understandings that foreground the materiality of life and its governance. This is not a lecture course so we will be mixing up the texts and approaching key or...

These information sheets are designed to help ALN teachers increase the impact of their teaching. The sheets are based on findings from high quality research studies about what is likely to have a positive impact on learners' literacy and numeracy skills. 5-Building reading vocabulary Vocabulary refers to the individual words whose meaning a learne...

The rapid and complex effects of urbanization are shifting energy production and consumption patterns on the African continent. Energy poverty is manifesting to an increasing degree and in diverse forms in low-income, vulnerable urban populations like informal settlements and/or “slums.” This photo essay shows the lived realities of the urban energ...

These information sheets are designed to help ALN teachers improve their teaching using findings from high quality research studies about what is likely to have a positive impact on learners' literacy and numeracy skills. Findings from relevant research and suggest ways that teachers can use them to improve your teaching. Sheet 6: Learner feedback...

ViSoLex is an open-source system designed to address the unique challenges of lexical normalization for Vietnamese social media text. The platform provides two core services: Non-Standard Word (NSW) Lookup and Lexical Normalization, enabling users to retrieve standard forms of informal language and standardize text containing NSWs. ViSoLex's archit...

This article was originally written in 2020 so it may lack consideration of the subsequent developments that have unfolded in the years following its publication. The following article discusses the bride market that takes place annually in Stara Zagora, Bulgaria. This event is a significant cultural tradition for the Kalaydji Roma community, whe...

Tingkat Partisipasi Angkatan Kerja (TPAK) mengalami peningkatan selama lima tahun terakhir, namun partisipasi kerja perempuan masih rendah dibandingkan laki-laki. Banyak perempuan bekerja di sektor informal dibandingkan sektor formal karena fleksibilitas waktu yang sering berdampak pada pendapatan yang lebih rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk m...

O artigo objetiva discutir a relação entre as Tecnologias Móveis e a Educação a Distância no contexto da Formação de Professores. Analisa o ser docente na contemporaneidade em tempos de aplicativos móveis na sala de aula e sua necessária convergência não só aos espaços informais na escola mas especialmente à educação formal enquanto objetivos, cont...

México y Guatemala comparten 963 kilómetros de frontera que representan muchas oportunidades en el ámbito comercial. Vale reflexionar para determinar si compartir límite territorial ayuda a consolidar el carácter de socios. Para tal efecto, este texto se centra en el análisis de los factores de la relación y las estructuras económicas de ambos país...

Being able to comprehend informal arguments in scientific texts is important for scientific literacy in higher education. Successful intervention studies demonstrating that these skills can be trained in university students have not yet provided evidence that gains of explicit training can be maintained beyond immediate post-training assessment. In...

Background China has the largest percentage of people with dementia (PwD) around the world. And most of them are cared for by their family members. The purpose of this study was to identify the quality of life (QoL) of family caregivers of PwD in rural China and to investigate the mediating role of social support between caregiver burden and QoL un...

This study explores the application of biophilic design principles to informal learning spaces in Indonesia, with a focus on marginalized communities. While biophilic design has been extensively studied in formal educational settings, its potential in informal learning environments remains largely unexplored. This research addresses this gap by syn...