Indian Religions - Science topic

Used to mark devotion to the main propagators of Jainism, namely the Jina (arhat), the Liberated Souls (siddha), the Teachers (ācārya), the spiritual Guides (guru), the Preceptors (upādhyāya), and the monks (muṇi), the formula of homage to the five supreme entities (pañcanamaskāra) underwent a significant development in the medieval period where it...

Within the context of Indian religions, Jainism has long been recognized for its extensive use of permutations and combinations. However, the application of these principles within Buddhist scriptures has received relatively little scholarly attention. This paper introduces a new example of the specific application of permutations and combinations...

In some Indian religions, a chakra (Sanskrit chakras "wheel") is thought to be a node in subtle body. Chakras are believed to be part of subtle body,not the physical body. It is very important in yoga vigyan. The endocrine system maintains homeostasis by controlling hormones. According to Ayurveda, Vata dosha has prime control over all functions of...

with LSTM and Transformer Models This research paper investigates the potential pitfalls and limitations of Artificial Intelligence (AI) translation for Jain scriptures, as well as how different AI models perform on Hindi to English translation tasks, and how to improve our understanding of Jainism, an ancient Indian religion, possessing a rich bod...

O objetivo deste artigo é delinear o papel do budismo na gênese do maniqueísmo. Para tanto, as principais características do relato de Bardesanes de Edessa sobre as religiões indianas, um documento importante para o conhecimento de Mani sobre a Índia antes de suas viagens às regiões com influência indo-iraniana na Ásia Central, serão analisadas. De...

India has a rich tradition of intellectual inquiry and a textual heritage that goes back to several hundreds of years. India was magnificently advanced in knowledge traditions and practices during the ancient and medieval times. The intellectual achievements of Indian thought are found across several fields of study in ancient Indian texts ran...

La cannabis sativa, conosciuta anche come cannabis indica o canapa indiana, è un'erba annuale della famiglia delle cannabinacee. È usata sin dall'antichità come cibo, come fibra, per le sue proprietà curative e a scopi religiosi 1. Scoperta inizialmente in Asia occidentale e centrale, è stata coltivata per secoli anche in Cina e in Europa, si presu...

Buddhism in an ancient Indian religion which arose in and around the ancient kingdom of Magada (Now in Bihar, India). The topic under discussion here is History of the Tamil Buddhist in Sri Lanka and its present situation. It can be discussed under three themes as mentioned below. • Origin of Tamil Buddhist • History of Tamil Buddhist in Sri Lanka...

In the comprehensive development of India, which has remained active from the past to the present as a leading role, the processes which are considered as symbols of Indian philosophy include Yagya and the birth-giver of Vedic spirituality, Mother Gayatri. One is hailed as the mother of Indian culture and the other as the father of Indian religion....

This self-reflective essay explores the wider implications of the BJP’s inauguration of the Ram Temple in Ayodhya, from the perspective of a scholar of Sanskrit and classical Indian religions. What questions does it raise in relation to our relationship with history, heritage, decolonization and the politics of memory? How can one decolonize onesel...

Pilgrimage tourism is a type of tourism that is mainly and primarily motivated by religious beliefs. This is possibly the most established sort of tourism that many people of India do. It might also be referred to as spiritual tourism that involves individual or group travel for pilgrimage, missionary, or pleasure objectives. Religious tourism has...

The term “nondual states” has gained some currency as applied to states of mind in which the sense of self is softened, expanded, or shifted from conventional experience. Nonduality is a metaphysical concept about the nature of reality, commonly associated with the Advaita Vedanta school of Indian religion. New Age religious thought has applied the...

This study looks at how religion affects what Indian people buy. It gives a plan and ideas for more research in this area. The research looks at lots of different books and papers to understand how religion influences what people buy. It studies things like what Indian people believe, the things they do for their religion, what they value, how they...

Susheel Kumar Sharma vacillates between hope and despair in an attempt to grapple with an unjust world. The Door is Half Open not only speaks about pain, desperation, and injustice, but also shows how hope and peace are essential to endure these conditions. This essay highlights how the poet’s imaginary power explores the complexity of colonial sub...

India with a mixture of races, ethnic types, religions, linguistic groups, and varied social structures is the storehouse of an incredible wealth of tradition and culture. Its physical, religious, and social variety is as gigantic as its cultural heritage. Underneath this heritage lies the continuity of Indian culture and social structure from the...

Today, India stands as a powerful and multicultured society because it has absorbed many cultures and moved on. People here follow different religions, customs, and traditions. So, it is not possible to know India without exploring and understanding it's religious beliefs. Such an Indian religion is Hinduism, the world's third largest religion...

Insects thrived well in all the possible habitats at times when man didn't start his life.) ndia being the centre for world's major religions like Hinduism has a great mythological significance and has active involvement of insects yet is not well explored. It is an attempt to quote the involvement of insects in various classical writings of mythol...

This academic paper delves into the multifaceted impact of Indian radio stations on the cultural and sociopolitical landscape of Trinidad and Tobago. Beginning with a historical exploration of the Indian diaspora in the Caribbean nation, the paper investigates the pivotal role that Indian radio has played in shaping the identity, fostering economic...

Jainism, an ancient Indian religion, has long been renowned for its profound philosophical and metaphysical teachings. One of its central tenets is the atomic theory, known as "Paramāṇu-vāda." This research paper delves into the essence of the Jain atomic theory, exploring the concept of Paramāṇus as the fundamental building blocks of the universe....

One of the oldest therapeutic systems in the world is the traditional medicine of India. In Indian traditional medical systems, medicinal and aromatic plants predominate. Many medicinal plants have historically been employed in India for their therapeutic value; as a result, they have also come to play an important part in Indian religion. Numerous...

K. M. Shrimali, The Religious Enterprise: Studies in Early Indian Religions (2 Vols.; Delhi: Aakar, 2022), pp. XVI +684, ₹3,500, (Hard binding). ISBN-978-93-5002-769.

Nageshwara is but Nageshwara Shiva which I have dealt with here in this poem of Indian religion and spirituality, myth and mysticism.

This paper examines transreligiosity in the context of the transmission of South Asian concepts of spirituality to the UK in the 20th century. Between the 1920s and 1990s, Indian teacher and author Phiroz Mehta (1902–1994) crossed borders in a colonial and postcolonial shuttling between India and the UK but also transgressed conceptual and practice...

In Jainism, the role and status of women hold significant importance. Jainism is an ancient Indian religion that emphasizes non-violence, compassion, and the pursuit of spiritual liberation. While Jain teachings emphasize the equality of all souls, regardless of gender, historical and cultural factors have influenced the roles and practices of wome...

This study explores and examines the Queer elements in Indian Mythologies and their direct and indirect communion with life and it also discusses the lost legacy of liberal advancement in gender studies. It presents an overview of gender fluidity in the Indian mythologies and how it was concerned with the life context, its isolation, the misinterpr...

This research provides a comprehensive evaluation of the various types of divorce in Islam and compares them with divorce practices in the Abrahamic religions (Judaism and Christianity) and Indian religions (Hinduism, Sikhism, and Buddhism). It explores the available avenues for couples to obtain a divorce and the religious processes involved. The...

The Indian diaspora has faced many obstacles including the challenge of navigating their dual identities, in order to belong in the UK. Music and dance are popular ways of practising cultural identities, which could mean that British Indians (BIs) use Indian Classical Dance (ICD) for maintaining cultural continuity and establishing a strong cultura...

Our Lady of Guadalupe represents a central point in Mexican Catholicism, whose significance considerably exceeds the borders of religion. Her cult and worship have become a social phenomenon which over the course of Mexican history has determined or at least marked the character of different events more than once. Thanks to this, she has become not...

Indian traditional medicinal systems are one of the oldest therapeutic systems in the world. Medicinal and aromatic plants play a dominant role in Indian traditional medicinal systems. Traditionally, many medicinal plants are used in India for their therapeutic relevance so much so that they have acquired a significant role in Indian religion as we...

To explain the essence of religion, we have to answer the questions: why do we need a religion and what part does a religion play in human life? Religion researchers compiled an excellent list of religious functions. The author of this research focused on only one function of religion. This is to answer the eternal human question about life and dea...

Here, we develop escape criteria for pc(z) = sin(zn)-az+c, a; c 2 C, n 2, exploiting four different iterations of fixed point theory to explore various Mandelbrot sets which are different than the classical Mandelbrot set. Our concern is to utilize the lesser number of iterations that are necessary to attain the fixed point of the transcendental co...

V. S. Naipaul is an eminent literary figure in the field of modern fiction, non-fiction, and travelogue writing in English literature. He earned a number of literary awards and accolades, including the covetous Nobel Prize and Booker Prize. His non-fiction e.g., An Area of Darkness, India: A Wounded Civilization, The Loss of El Dorado, India: A Mil...

Following Partition, newly independent India adopted a constitution based on secularism and rights for minorities. In recent years, under the Bharatiya Janata Paty government, this model of society has been steadily eroded and supplanted by one favouring Hindu nationalism. This shift has changed the ways in which various religious communities relat...

Indian Ocean has 28 littoral and six island republics including Comoros, Madagascar, Maldives, Mauritius, Seychelles and Sri Lanka. While Maldives and Sri Lanka are part of South Asia the rest are located in the western Indian Ocean. India has a long history of contacts with the island states of the Indian Ocean. Relationship with each of them is d...

This article concentrates on certain beliefs that many Indian thinkers implicitly accepted and that show up in an analysis of reasoned arguments they presented. These beliefs concerned the relationship between language and reality. For Brahmanical thinkers, who owed their privileged position in society in great part to their mastery of texts — the...

This chapter focuses on three intertwined threads of the philosophy of religion, Buddhism as a socially engaged practice, and Buddhist political philosophy in the writings of Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (1891–1956), the most prominent of the modern Indian Buddhist figures. Ambedkar was born into an outcaste community, the Mahars, and went on to earn mul...

This article provides a survey of approaches and conceptual means elaborated in recent decades in the studies of pluralistic tendencies in Indian culture. The concepts of inclusivism, perspectivism, antologizing and polyphony are discussed in a close relation with the specific context in which they were introduced, as well as with the implicit pres...

Religion that owns an essential impact on people’s making sense of life that offers a regular and prosperous life for people with its norms. While norms of religion have based in a particular order life of people, violation of these norms lead to corruption the order that religion offers for the benefit of human and ultimately people suffer from si...

Zusammenfassung In den letzten Jahren haben Debatten über die Themenbereiche Vegetarismus und Veganismus auch in der Türkei an Bedeutung gewonnen. Von der islamischen Akzeptanz vegetarischer und veganer Lebensstile bis zur Frage nach dem Tierwohl werden ernährungsbezogene Themen häufig in den Medien diskutiert. Weniger bekannt ist, dass schon in de...

Buddhism and Jainism are the twin in Tamil literary tradition broadcasting dharma in the Asian world; the “Light of Asia” of Sir Edwin Arnold. The Tamil masterpieces, Cilappatikāram and Maṇimēkalai are called the ‘Twin Epics’. The other Tamil epics Kuṇṭalakēci, Nīlakēci and Civakacintāmaṇi, including the Patiṉeṇkīḻkaṇakku (Eighteen Minor/Didactic W...

The Sanskrit term pradakshina means "to the right" (Dakshina means right-pragatā dakṣiṇamiti). In Pradakshina, one bends to the left to keep the deity on one's right side of the Sanctum Sanctorum. Every temple visit should include some form of Pradakshina. Only by reciting holy Veda manthras at the temple on a daily basis are strong vibrations/ener...

This volume offers an overview of Hinduism as found in India and the diaspora. Exploring Hinduism in India in dynamic interaction, rather than in isolation, the volume discusses the relation of Hinduism with other religions of Indian origin and with religions which did not originate in India but have been a major feature of its religious landscape....

Rao is a great accomplishing man who has written The Serpent and the Rope and Kanthapura, the elevating and redefining works which show man’s relationship to the supernatural absolute in terms consistent with the depiction of Indianness. Evidences are sought to analyse Indianness as marks of values and philosophy behind the character analysis and p...

In this paper I have tried to capture the tenet of Universal brotherhood with a special reference to Sikhism. I have then compared it with the similar concepts found in Hinduism, Islam and Christianity. My aim is to show that the tenet of Universal Brotherhood is a value which unites all humanity into one family of being God’s children, irrespectiv...

The four main Indian religions – Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism – have several shared concepts about self and suffering, which are salient to the world-view of the followers of these faiths. Understanding the concepts of mind, self and suffering in these faiths can help clinicians build better rapport and gain deeper understanding of the i...

Environmental trepidations are global issues, environment sustainability is conceivable with the noble motive, which takes real shapes with the insights and perspectives from different religions. In the process of learning and teaching laid down by religion help to expand our understanding and develop our behavior towards nature. Role of religion t...

In Louise Erdrich’s fiction, the consequences of religious conversion and the American Indian resilience in the face of this form of European colonization often emerge as central concerns, The Last Report on the Miracles at Little No Horse (2001) being a notable case. The current study examines the relationship between Agnes/Father Damien and the O...

The direct evidence that the images of human head and horse body, horse head and human body are Kinnarī and Kinnara of ancient Indian comes from records of Buddhism and Hinduism. The characteristics of Kinnara in the Jain include the few quantity of sculpture remains, appearance at the same time of two kind forms that are human head and horse body,...

This research deals with a belief that is considered one of the ancient beliefs that circulated in the thoughts of human thought, and called for by many religions. The issue of salvation preoccupied the mind of man, and he kept looking for a savior, whether this savior was embodied in a human being, or a god. Thus, this belief is not exclusive to t...

It is a truism that Bimal Krishna Matilal (1935–1991) was the twentieth century's leading exponent of Indian logic and epistemology while also being an analytical visionary on the role of philosophy in classical Indian society. What is less known is that Bimal Matilal, a one‐time occupier of the Spalding Chair in Eastern Religion and Ethics at All...

Jain religion is an old Indian religion that advocates the noble virtues of universal kindness, equality, and brotherhood. With The doctrine of Ahimsa Parmo Dharm and motto of Jeo aur jeene do, Jain philosophy lays emphasis on conservation and preservation of all life on Earth. The present paper explains the various rules followed by the followers...

The Gospel of John is considered as one of the significant literary masterpieces that appeals to Indian spirituality and ideals in multifarious ways. The Gospel has unique features as a universalistic rhetoric that encompasses feelings and aspirations of Indians. The character of Jesus in the Gospel and His assimilative power to contemporary realit...

India, with its plethora of religions and cultures, has been an enigmatic place for foreigners. Hinduism, a way of life more than being a religion (as proclaimed by the Supreme Court of India), has often been misunderstood by outsiders. Sometimes a biased attitude is reflected in the literature produced by these foreigners. A person like Thomas Bab...

Contemporary India in its Socio-Political Paradigm: A Study of Gita Mehta‟s Select Works: Mehta had written fiction and non-fiction juxtaposing tradition and modernity, fact and fiction, East and West, often exposing the reality in as much as she synthesizes the roots of Indian culture, tradition and peoples’ aspirations of contemporary India thr...

In the context of research into the relationship between secularism and multiculturalism in contemporary India, this paper points to their specific interrelatedness and the distinctive Indian approach to secularism through the idea of a principled distance as a way to adjust to religious pluralism that has a close affinity with multiculturalism. Co...

The entry explores the understanding of the word and concept of Maya from ancient Indian philos- ophies. Writings of various ancient scholars on this concept along with the manifestation of maya are mentioned hence

Shashi Deshpande is a well-known name in the field of Indian literature and is a contemporary writer from Karnataka. She portrays in her novel "A Matter of Time" the truth of Indian society in Indian families. The importance of culture for Indian women is also discussed. Her novels are distinguished for their genuine depictions of the Indians and t...

Paul Masson-Oursel (1882-1956) was a French Indologist who held the position of director of studies in Indian religions from 1927 to 1953 at the École Pratique des Hautes Études in Paris. However, alongside his well-received academic publications, Masson-Oursel also published many articles on India in nonacademic periodicals, some of which are clea...

Vardhamana Mahavira (ca. 540-470 B.C.), called the Jina, was an Indian ascetic philosopher and the principal founder of Jainism-one of the major religions of the Indian subcontinent. The goal was to obtain spiritual release from this karmic bondage through an inward self-discipline (the yoga) designed to eliminate its libidinal and material causes....

Our guest is Dr.Mohammad Ismath Ramzy Mohammad Ismail, Senior Lecturer, Department of Educational Foundations and Humanities, Faculty of Education, University of Malaya, W.Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. He teaches courses in sociology of education and actively involved in Peace Education and religious dialogue, mainly Muslim-Buddhist. His inte...

Abū Raihan Muhammad ibn Aḥmad al-Biruni (973–1048 A.D.) is one of the most important ‎Muslim scholars on the history of religion, in particular Indian religion. This article seeks to ‎introduce the general reader of his view on Buddhism based on his work entitled al-Athar al-‎Bāqiyah min al-Qarūn al-Khāliyah and Kitab al-Hind. Analytical study of t...

The paper aims to reveal the specificity of Indian religions perception in A. S. Khomyakov’s philosophy of religion. His philosophical heritage is analyzed through the prism of Indian religions perception. The author provides a comparative analysis of major Indian religions represented in philosopher’s works, describes his views on the history of t...

Several scholars have criticized the efforts to explain Indian mantras as spells, but much is left to clarification. Why do submission-versus-coercion characterizations keep reoccurring, albeit disputed? Why does the difference between this-worldly and other-worldly goals also keep its important role in discussions about mantras? Furthermore, how a...

Relationships between text and image in pre-modern South Asia1 have been both ignored and exploited throughout the history of western scholarship [...]

The use of names and terms of Indian origin bears witness to encounters of Iranian-speaking Manichaeans with Indian religious traditions and cultures, but the importance of an impact of Indian religions on Manichaeism is still subject of scholarly discussions. This paper focuses on Buddhist and Indian elements in Manichaean onomastics. Recent resea...

While most ancient polytheistic religions died out under the impact of monotheism, Hinduism stands out as a lively exception. Why was the Indian variety of polytheism more resilient than the Greek and Roman variety? This paper—the first to subject classical Hinduism to modern economic analysis—argues that the theological structure and the organizat...

Caṇḍikeśvara, Tamil Caṇṭipperumaṉ, was one of the Nayaṉmār who predates the time of the Tēvāram trio (seventh-eighth century CE). His hagiography is elaborately told in the Tiruttoṇṭar Purāṇam of Cēkkiḻār (twelfth century CE). He is represented in sculpture from the seventh or eighth century CE. An analogous iconographical figure is Lakulīśa, who a...

Lucid dreaming (LD) began to be scientifically studied in the last century, but various religions have highlighted the importance of LD in their doctrines for a much longer period. Hindus’ manuscripts dating back over 2,000 years ago, for example, divide consciousness in waking, dreaming (including LD), and deep sleep. In the Buddhist tradition, Ti...

India is a country of diversities in culture, customs, usages and practices with number of groups on the basis of castes, religion etc. Comparing to the most of the countries in the world, which claim to be progressive, India has a rich heritage. Indian heritage in spirituality, religion, culture, tradition and science is noteworthy. Non violence h...

This article demonstrates how, in the 1760s, two British East India Company servants, John Zephaniah Holwell and Alexander Dow, constructed a particular interpretation of India's ancient religious past through creative misrepresentations of mysteriously sourced texts. This had broad ramifications for contemporary understandings of Indian religion,...

Emerson has revolted against the evil of rules prescribed by the religion of his country. His could see that people have been fooled and put in the clutches by those religious rules and it has also failed to make people realize God. He has observed that Indian religion has been doing right things with right ideas giving all freedom people and helpi...

This contribution offers a review of The Snake and the Mongoose: The Emergence of Identity in Early Indian Religion by Nathan McGovern (2019).

People outside and across the country hire the pandits for doing pooja. Rituals and customs are performed everywhere in the world and we require pandits. We need a system which can provide proper automation in this field as well. The objective of "E-Pandit" is to handle the entire activity related to poojas. In this paper we have proposed a web-bas...

The classical account of the Brahmin priestly class and its role in Indian religion has seen remarkable continuity during the past two centuries. Its core claims appear to remain unaffected, despite the major shifts that occurred in the theorizing of Indian culture and in the study of religion. In this article, we first examine the issue of the pow...

Engaging an ethnohistorical approach, this essay examines how the Qutb Shahi sultans represented themselves locally and regionally through the use of built space, sponsorship of ritual and innovation of material practices that enabled diverse constituents of the realm to participate in and remember the martyrdom of the third Shi'i Imam Husain at th...

In this chapter we opt for a very literal interpretation of materiality and religion by highlighting religious notions that merge the usually mundane material with the divine, with some discussion about how many Christians find such views problematic. There has been much written of late on the topic of panentheism, which is pertinent to religions o...

This paper is an attempt to locate the Dharmamangal texts of the Mangalkavya genre, as a part of Indian historiography as well as to reinterpret the narrative in the context of social history of Bengal. The structure of Indian religion has been based on the distinction between Great and Little Traditions. The Dharmangalkavya belonged to the subgenr...

The interest of the Hungarians towards Asia is deeply rooted in the historical fact that the ancestors of the Hungarian nation arrived in their present country from the East. Over the centuries, this historical fact has significantly determined the interest and openness of the Hungarian people towards the East. In spite of the fact that the Hungari...

This article attempts to review representation of disability in Indian culture with reference to Indian Religion, Literature and Cinema and the role it can play towards effective disability awareness interventions. Culture as the basis of social representation has been exerting a domineering impact on molding peoples’ identities or self-representat...

Kāñcīpuram is a celebrated city, muktikṣetra, one among the divya-nagaras in mahā-Bhārata. The city during the Pallava period consisted four segments for the great Indian religions, known as Śiva-Kāñci, Viṣṇu-Kāñci, Buddha-Kāñci and Jaina-Kāñci. Fourteen divyadeśas are present within the present city; Veḥkā, Attikiri, Aṭṭapuyakkaram, Taṇkā, Vēḻukka...

Prispevek najprej predstavi večtisočletno tradicijo indijskega asketizma in monasticizma ter oriše njihove glavne verske predpostavke in prakse. Pri tem se osredotoči na položaj žensk v starih asketskih tradicijah Indije, predvsem v budizmu, hinduizmu in džainizmu, kar predstavlja področje, ki je bilo doslej deležno malo pozornosti sodobnih razisko...

of 1 8 The materials here are historical rather than descriptive of the present. Everyone is dead except myself, including Bob Scriver (b. 1914) and John Hellson. Saturday, June 22, 2019 OUR FIRST MEDICINE PIPE BUNDLE OPENING (a re-post) OUR FIRST MEDICINE PIPE OPENING (An article written by Mary Scriver in 1969 after she and Bob returned from this...

India is a traditional country. If we see the history of Indian tradition, we find that trees were treated as God and Goddess in ancient Indian tradition. Ancient Harappa civilization gives us many evidences of tree prayer. We find the evidence of Aranyani who was a goddess of forests in ancient Hindu religion. Many hymns of Rigveda were dedicated...

This article introduces a special section on indigenous Indian religions, focusing on Hinduism, the world’s third largest and oldest major religious tradition. Although Hinduism has been the focus of less empirical study in psychology than other major traditions, this comparative neglect appears to be changing. The present introductory article brie...

This paper focuses on the branch of Santmat (thus far, unstudied by scholars of Indian religions), prevalent in the rural areas of Bihar, India. Santmat—literally meaning “the Path of Sants” or “Point of View of the Sants”—of Bihar represents a unique synthesis of the elements of the Vedic traditions, rural Hindu practices, and esoteric experiences...

The Hare Krishna movement traces its origins to a medieval Indian religious reform movement, which is highly ritualised and text centred. The followers of Krishna in the West not only embrace the Indian religion but also try to adopt a version of the Indian way of life regarded as sacred, and translate it into practice. Krishna devotees believe tha...

This article investigates medieval Muslim literature on the study of non-Islamic religions through the writings of al-Biruni and al-Shahrastani in their dealing with Hind (India) and the nomenclature of world religions. I focus on their perceptions of monotheism and polytheism. My findings show that they used different approaches, categories, and c...

Leadership is one of the most researched field largely from Western perspective lacking cultural perspective. Various paradigms such as rationalistic, spiritual and holistic have been adopted but there exists a gap regarding humanistic paradigm. The paper presents convergence of Western and Eastern perspectives adopting humanistic paradigm with spi...

Since the human history had start, people began to taboo (prohibit incest), cultivate (sex for a pleasure only) and channelled (prostitution) their own reproductive function, which was inherited by them from the nature. Although all cultures forbade those sexual acts that did not contribute to the birth of children, sacralisation of such acts helpe...

In the present paper, we examine the current state of the study of Indian religions in Latin America. An important investigation on the study of Sanskrit outside India conveys the image that the situation of the study of Indian religions in Latin America is perceived internationally as an activity carried out by isolated scholars. Relevant analyses...

Buddhism and Jainism are the twin in Tamil literary tradition broadcasting dharma in the Asian world; the “Light of Asia” of Sir Edwin Arnold. The Tamil masterpieces, Cilappatikāram and Maṇimēkalai are called the ‘Twin Epics’ (Rajarajan 2016). The other great Tamil epics Kuṇṭalakēci, Nilakēci and Civakacintāmaṇi, including the Patiṉeṇkīḻkaṇakku (Ei...

Swami Vivekananda (1863-1902), the ideal speaker for Hinduism is known globally for his spiritual wisdom of Hindu religion. Among the modern Indian religion reformers, Vivekananda argued for equality of men and women. Swami Vivekananda is the first monk to uphold and do work for freedom and equality of women and realized the importance of women for...

LIVING IN ENTROPY DRIVEN WORLD OF INDIA Part 3: Socio-Physicochemical Interpretation of Terrorism & Expansionism DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.29621.68327 Dr. Mirza Arshad Ali Beg Former Director General, PCSIR, Karachi arshadalibeg@gmail.com Abstract Twenty five years after the first US Gulf War against Iraq, and Fifteen years after the 9/11 destructio...

This unique collection applies globalization concepts to the discipline of archaeology, using a wide range of global case studies from a group of international specialists. The volume spans from as early as 10,000 cal. bp to the modern era, analysing the relationship between material culture, cultural change, and the complex connectivities between...

The Silk Road is a unique example of the interaction of religions and rituals of the countries that were on the path of this road, or traveled along this highway. In this context, the role of Indian religions in ritual exchanges and intercultural communication is prominent for specific reasons. These ritual confrontations along the Silk Road, while...

SELECTED ASPECTS OF THE INTERRELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CHURCH, STATE, RELIGION, AND THE LAW IN THE UNITED STATESSummaryThe United States is a secular state which at the same time puts religion and its institutions at the centre of its legal and constitutional considerations. This situation leads to frequent tension between state institutions and the fol...