Income - Science topic

This paper investigates how online customer reviews (OCRs) can affect consumer purchasing decisions mediated by online reviews type and moderated by different demographics. The online customer reviews in this study is measured by valence (ranged from positive to negative), volume (many or few), recentness (whether the online review is recent or old...

This article studies the global distributions of capital and labor incomes among individuals in 2000 and 2016. By constructing a novel database covering approximately 80% of the global output and 60% of the world population, two major findings stand out. First, the world underwent an important process of capitalization. The share of world individua...

SAVE the DATE 5th International Congress on the Anthropology of Salt 24-28 March 2025 Rzeszów University Rzeszów, Poland

This paper critically reviews methods for assessing the contributions of various income sources to total income inequality. After reviewing existing literature on how income sources, such as wages, dividends, rents, and social benefits, affect income distribution, we highlight the prominent role of natural decomposition methods. Despite their wides...

This paper uses data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) to study the impact of market integration on residents’ health. The empirical results based on the probit model show that market integration has a significant dampening effect on resident incidence. For every one-unit increase in the degree of market integration, the probability...

I intend to add this file as an appendix to my work on Zhuangzi, Laozi, and modern physics because I need to have a way to relate any quotation to a definite point in the original text. I thought it might be helpful to others, so I'm saving a copy here. There are 25 characters/line, so for high specificity users could enter something like, 48:08. L...

Serving large language models (LLMs) for massive users is challenged by the significant memory footprint of the transient state, known as the key-value (KV) cache, which scales with sequence length and number of requests. Instead of renting or buying more expensive GPUs, the load imbalance of the KV cache across GPUs, coupled with recent advances i...

This study attempts to examine the functionality of the digital entrepreneurship ecosystem for low-income household Bottom 40 (B40) students toward enriching income generation and entrepreneurial intention as the moderating role in the relationship. This research applied the quantitative method using an online questionnaire. A total of 500 data wer...

Run-Length Encoding (RLE) is a fundamental data compression technique that represents consecutive occurrences of the same value, known as "runs", as a single value and its count. This paper provides a step-by-step encoding procedure for various types of Run-Length Encoding methods, including Standard Run-Length Encoding, Modified Run-Length Encodin...

The aim of this article is to explain the causes of income inequality in a historical context. It is considered necessary to elaborate the concept of income by referring to the field of politics and sociology. Explanations will be made in a way to cover the history of humanity, the history of civilization and the methods of exchange. The article wi...

As the influence of climate change on human sustainable development intensifies, the issue of climate change is attracting the attention of more and more scholars, countries, international organizations. However there are few of empirical studies investigating the relationship and interaction mechanisms between climate change and women’s political...

Globally, more than 604,127 new cervical cancer cases and 341,831 deaths have been reported by Globocan in 2020 , and 70-90% occurred in Low-Middle Income Countries (LMICs) with observed low screening rates, especially in sub-Saharan countries . Rwanda has a high cervical incidence rate of 28.2/100,000 women (1229 new cases per year) and a mortalit...

This paper investigates the potential of coalition governments to address the pressing issues of unemployment and income inequality in South Africa. Through a qualitative research approach, the study delves into the historical context, current state, and prospects of coalition governance in the country. The Sociological Theory of Coalition Governan...

The purpose of this study is to examine the existing real property valuation practice for expropriation in Ethiopia and to suggest potential bases and approaches compatible to the Ethiopian real property market system. The study is grounded on desk review research in which existing literature is the main source. The study found that, there is no st...

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Migraine is one of the most common neurological diseases in society and has a significant disability impact. According to the Global Burden of Disease Study, migraine is one of the most common neurological disorders in the world, with a greater disability burden than other neurological disorders. In data science, data classification plays an import...

Subjective wellbeing data are increasingly used across the social sciences. Yet, despite the widespread use of such data, the predictive power of approaches commonly used to model wellbeing is only limited. In response, we here use tree-based Machine Learning (ML) algorithms to provide a better understanding of respondents’ self-reported wellbeing....

Pulsating ventilation has been drawing extensive attention recently. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD), as a widely used and effective tool for investigating pulsating ventilation, often consumes significant computation time. To identify a suitable numerical scheme for this circumstance, we adopted the standard incremental pressure-correction (SIP...

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The expected improvements in the precision of inflationary physics observables including the scalar spectral index n s and the tensor-to-scalar ratio r will reveal more than just the viability of a particular model of inflation. In the presence of a curvaton field χ , supposedly dead models of inflation can be resurrected, as these observables are...

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This study aimed to analyze the adaptation of workers in industrial parks in Vietnam post-COVID-19 through fluctuations in their income. Data were collected from a survey of 438 workers working in industrial parks and in-depth interviews with five workers in different positions in industrial parks. The study utilized the ordinary least squares (OLS...

The food flavor science, traditionally reliant on experimental methods, is now entering a promising era with the help of artificial intelligence (AI). By integrating existing technologies with AI, researchers can explore and develop new flavor substances in a digital environment, saving time and resources. More and more research will use AI and big...

Background To understand the current situation of the care burden of elderly caregivers in the community and explore the influencing factors. Method 100 family caregivers in community were assessed using the General information questionnaire and Home Caregiver Burden Scale (CBI) in Ningbo City In China. Results The care burden’s average scores of...

Maternal postpartum depressive (PPD) symptoms have the potential to negatively impact mother–infant interactions, particularly in populations experiencing contextual stress. We used a resilience perspective to examine maternal perceptions of partner support as a protective factor in the relation between PPD symptoms and mother–infant dyadic recipro...

The heterogeneity and complexity of low-permeability oil and gas reservoirs pose significant technical challenges for their efficient development, including reservoir plugging, high flow resistance, and optimal well type design issues. These challenges result in high development costs and extended production cycles due to insufficient productivity...

We consider the event-triggered finite-time dissipative control problem for fractional-order interconnected systems with an unknown time-varying delay in the state vector. The controller in this paper uses only information of the state vector when an event-triggered condition holds. This contrasts with previous methods, where the information of the...

The debate over export subsidy reform is crucial for many developing countries. This study analyses the impact of reducing or eliminating export subsidies for Bangladesh using a computable general equilibrium framework. Our simulations indicate that the partial removal of export subsidies has a positive effect on GDP. If export subsidies are elimin...

The evaluation of social communication and interaction (SC/I) behaviors is foundational to the autism identification process. However, this type of evaluation is made difficult by the fact that SC/I is a construct in which perceptions and expectations are largely influenced by norms and attitudes of different sociodemographic groups. While there ar...

Illness, or the medical treatment of a family member, comprises an inherent part of human life, the occurrence of which often prevents employees from attending work. This article analyses the relationship between absence from work due to illness and the amount of an individual’s income. The article further monitors the impact of the Covid-19 diseas...

Two engine oil additives with graphene were tested in diesel engines. The first was a graphene oxide (GO)-based, commercially available additive that the supplier recommends using at a 3% v/v concentration in engine oil. The second was a graphene nanoplatelet (GNP)-based additive that is under development, which is more concentrated and allows for...

With little support coming from Government authority, Higher Institutions are being compelled to internally produce additional earnings. Boosting enrollment can play a significant contribution in this assignment even to a greater extent when the school fees is the major source of income. Enrolment tasks have the capacity to expend a huge amount of...

Drawing from Erving Goffman's seminal work on face-to-face interaction, this article introduces the concepts of digital face-work and the digital interaction in order to make sense of digital interaction. The theoretical framework emphasizes the sociotechnical aspects of face-work, portraying digital platforms not merely as spaces for interaction b...

In this paper, we propose a network model to explain the implications of the pressure to share resources. Individuals use the network to establish social interactions that allow them to increase their income. They also use the network as a safety and to ask for assistance in case of need. The network is therefore a system characterized by social pr...

Aspects that would influence the result of Wafrah for Industry and Development Saudi Arabia, are researched. What is to be found are an internal and external variable, or any combination of those factors that will influence the commodity price of Wafrah for Industry and Development. In this research case, statistical and regression techniques have...

The construction industry is responsible for a considerable share of the carbon emissions annually. Despite the wide body of literature addressing the embodied carbon of superstructures, limited attention is given to the embodied carbon of substructures. This research introduces an optimization algorithm to minimize the embodied carbon of deep foun...

I dedicate this research to pilot-in-command Igor Kshnyakin, pilot Alexander Kalyaninov, and stewardess-lawyer Hokuma Aliyeva, who tragically lost their lives but left an indelible mark on my thoughts and perspective on life. Despite the difficult circumstances, they exhibited extraordinary heroism by maintaining psychological control over the airc...

Z Bir ülkenin, bölgenin veya toplumun ekonomik açıdan müreffeh bir seviye ulaşabilmesi ve küresel açıdan dış dünya ile entegre olabilmesi için etkin, rekabetçi ve sürdürülebilir bir makro ekonomik politikaya sahip olması ve bunu iktisadi gerekliliklere göre uygulamasına bağladır. Bu çerçevede bakıldığında klasik iktisat öğretisinde ekonomi politika...

We use the 529 college savings plan setting to investigate whether and why households make suboptimal choices to invest in local assets. We estimate that 67% of open accounts between 2010 and 2020 were located suboptimally due to the plans’ tax inefficiencies and high expenses. Over the accounts’ projected lifetimes, such investments yielded expect...

En Algérie, l'huile d'olive joue un rôle économique, social et environnemental important. Le verger oléicole national couvre une superficie de plus 450 mille hectares avec un nombre d'olivier atteignant les 6200000 arbres. La connaissance des coûts de production est utile de plusieurs points de vue car elle permet de rendre compte de la compétitivi...

For the development of efficient and economical car body structures, high-performance lightweight materials such as continuous fiber-reinforced plastics (C-FRP)—especially in combination with quasi-isotropic materials (f.e. metal) as multi-material components—have gained importance. However, the systematic design of such hybrid components is extrem...

Income inequality is a major social problem that has been spiraling out of control over the past half-century. While absolute income refers to the way fixed income levels differ between individuals and populations, relative income refers to how income is distributed and organized within populations. Income inequality is an indicator of relative inc...

The purpose of this study is to determine the factors affecting individuals' satisfaction with educational services in Türkiye with the Partial Proportional Odds Model, using the micro data sets of the Life Satisfaction Survey conducted by the Turkish Statistical Institute in 2021. When the model results are examined, it is seen that the variables...

Housing and energy poverty are deeply inter-connected. Rising housing costs and inefficient buildings intensify the financial burden and limit access to essential energy services for vulnerable households. In 2023, 18.5% of EU households did not have adequate insulation or heating systems to keep their dwelling comfortably warm. Rising housing cost...

The association between economic variables and the frequency and duration of disability income insurance (DII) claims is well established. Across many jurisdictions, heightened levels of unemployment have been associated with both a higher incidence and a longer duration of DII claims. This motivated us to derive an asset portfolio for which the to...

Several countries, including Canada and Australia, have developed public health-based lower-risk gambling limits to differentiate lower-risk from higher-risk gambling. This study aimed to identify a preliminary set of lower-risk gambling limits (gambling frequency, duration, expenditure, expenditure as a proportion of personal net income, and diver...

Studies have shown that adherence to WHO Surgical Safety Checklist (WHOSSC) reduces mortality and surgical complications, but the extent to which it is being accepted and used in South West Hospitals in Nigeria is yet to be established. This study therefore assesses the awareness, perception and utilization of the WHOSSC in tertiary health institut...

In this paper, practically computable low-order approximations of potentially high-dimensional differential equations driven by geometric rough paths are proposed and investigated. In particular, equations are studied that cover the linear setting, but we allow for a certain type of dissipative nonlinearity in the drift as well. In a first step, a...

Article 4, Paragraph (2) Income Tax on interest from savings is one of the tax objects. Every customer who saves at the bank is subject to a tax of 20% on the gross amount of interest received. This research aims to determine how the tax is calculated and to ensure that the tax withholding is in accordance with the applicable regulations. The resea...

Abstract Objective: To estimate the clinical and economic benefits derived from increasing the use of fixed-dose combinations of high-intensity statins and ezetimibe in patients at high/very high cardiovascular risk, from the perspective of the Spanish National Health System (SNS). Methods: A baseline scenario (current market shares) was compared w...

Forming induced residual stresses give the potential to improve the application conditions which are dependent on the whole material flow history along the production line. A better knowledge of the generation of residual stresses leads to a more sustainable manufacturing process. Furthermore, hollow parts offer reduced weight thus saving energy an...

The benefits of wildlife and natural resources, both in their use and non-use, are significant for humans. A market must exist to ensure that these resources are utilized efficiently and optimally. In a study involving 900 respondents, a Seemingly Unrelated Bivariate Probit Model (SUBPM) was used to analyze the non-use value of wildlife. The regres...

This paper focuses on the theory and practice of the organic combination of new urbanization and rural revitalization, systematically combs through the relevant research results at home and abroad, explores the mechanism of coupled and coordinated development of urban and rural elements and the evaluation index system, and focuses on the typical ca...

We estimated the monetary value of informal care from the perspectives of informal caregivers and care recipients in China using the contingent valuation method. Data were obtained from a specially designed survey of 1458 informal caregivers and 972 care recipients. The mean for caregivers' willingness to pay (WTP) for reducing informal care by 1 h...

Candi Village is the location for implementing agrarian reform activities that aim to improve the welfare and prosperity of the people through more effective use of agrarian resources. Increased welfare is expected to be achieved through the implementation of the agrarian reform program, but in practice, the results can vary depending on a number o...

This reasearch discuss the financial management of fish traders at the Fish Auction Place in Lumpur. The aim of this study is to analyze the financial management practices applied by fish traders, as well as the factors that influence the efficiency of their financial management. The reasearch method used is descriptive qualitative, collecting data...

All creative tasks require creators to iteratively produce, select, and discard potentially useful ideas. Now, creativity tools include generative AI features (e.g., Photoshop Generative Fill) that increase the number of alternatives creators consider due to rapid experiments with text prompts and random generations. Creators use tedious manual sys...

We investigate trends in income inequality in the European Union (EU) from 2007 to 2019. Using EU-SILC data, we find that EU-wide inequality declined between 9 and 20%, depending on the inequality measure applied, despite rising within-country income inequality during the same period. Applying a series of decomposition techniques, we find that betw...

The rapid changes in the global economic situation have brought many challenges to the hotel industry. Many hotels face operating difficulties due to the lack of a stable source of income. Customer cancellation is one of the main factors leading to revenue instability, however, a large proportion of hotels are still not effectively taking measures...

The process of creating and maintaining domain ontologies is a time- and resource-intensive activity, given the dynamic nature of domain knowledge and the regular introduction of new terms. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of large language models (LLMs) in augmenting the domain ontology authoring process. We fine-tuned state-of-the-a...

This study explored the adornment practices by Nigerian women of varied income groups, focusing on the concerns of economic hardships and awareness of exposure to health risks. Multinomial regression analysis showed that adornment is inversely related to economic hardships for low-income group, but not for high income group, and that awareness of h...

The biodiversity royalties are the economic incomes by-product of the biodiversity and are associated to outdoor activities in protected and conserved areas. Our hypothesis is that the incomes produced by the biodiversity royalties do not stay in the place or the people where the activity is realized, so that this income can´t be returned to nature...

An adult human can bleed to death within 5 minutes from a significant injury. After Israel drops a bomb in Gaza, it takes 45 minutes for the injured to arrive at a hospital. Apart from those who are immediately killed, many more lose their lives because they cannot receive the urgent care they need. In response to this, PHAID (PreHospital Aid - www...

Background White fiber dissection is a method in acquiring in-depth neuroanatomical understanding for surgical practice. Collection of brain specimen during autopsy and preparation of the brain specimen without any disruption in anatomy are essential steps as cadaveric brain dissection is an important part of neuroanatomical teaching, and it furthe...

The sustainability of AM is strongly related to the ability of producing functional parts using minimal resources. In-situ monitoring saves energy and material by providing information to support process stops in case of anomalous events detected in critical regions. In this work, AlSi10Mg samples with different defect conditions were PBF-LB/M manu...

Academic attainment is a key factor that is required of would-be employees in any establishment. This study aimed at determining the effect of family factors, personal factors, peer-pressure factors and other factors on students’ academic performance. Data on basic factors that affect students’ performances were obtained with the use of structured...

This research explores the opportunities for YouTubers' digital workers today. The existence of opportunities to earn income from the YouTube platform in the form of AdSense, as well as other income opportunities that are open because of being a YouTuber makes people want to engage in this digital worker. Either as a side job or as a main job. No r...

Income dynamics by family background and welfare regimes

Most studies have explored the association between transportation and urban–rural disparity. However, research focusing on the impact of transportation accessibility on these issues has been relatively scarce. This paper contributes to the literature by examining the spatially varying impacts of multiscale accessibility on urban–rural income dispar...

Position detection of elements, especially with high-precision and high-efficiency, continue to present challenges in the off-axis three-mirror space optical system to ensure the imaging quality. To test the position of elements in an off-axis three-mirror system, a method based on ResNet50 and Long short-term memory (LSTM) is proposed in this pape...

The market that is based on a fixed-term contract or that is paid on a project basis by a business, third party, or online marketplace is known as the "gig economy." The gig economy has a profound effect on the workplace that is felt in many different areas. It has fundamentally altered how our economy functions and drastically altered how individu...

Growing income inequality has led to many important social and economic issues. Despite this, many people prefer social hierarchies and tend to resist egalitarian principles. Traditional perspectives attribute this preference to individuals’ conservative political orientation and subjective social status. In this article, we suggest an overlooked f...

Time-delayed differential equations (TDDEs) are widely used to model complex dynamic systems where future states depend on past states with a delay. However, inferring the underlying TDDEs from observed data remains a challenging problem due to the inherent nonlinearity, uncertainty, and noise in real-world systems. Conventional equation discovery...

Health-care policies and initiatives are designed to save lives and enhance well-being, but they can also entrain unintended negative effects. Gary Humphreys reports.

The purpose of this study is to examine the variables influencing Indonesia's electrical energy consumption from 2017 to 2023. Utilising secondary data from Central Bureau of Statistics of Indonesia and State Electricity Company (PLN) for the years 2017– 2023, quantitative research using a regression analysis approach is the study methodology emplo...

In this work, we study the experts problem in the distributed setting where an expert's cost needs to be aggregated across multiple servers. Our study considers various communication models such as the message-passing model and the broadcast model, along with multiple aggregation functions, such as summing and taking the $\ell_p$ norm of an expert'...

In a project, the planning stage is the key to success because it determines the allocation, funding, time and quality to be achieved. In order for work efficiency and effectiveness to be fulfilled properly, the implementation of the project is influenced by planning and scheduling factors. Construction project control is a systematic activity or e...

The tensor-vector contraction (TVC) is the most memory-bound operation of its class and a core component of the higher order power method (HOPM). This paper brings distributed-memory parallelization to a native TVC algorithm for dense tensors that overall remains oblivious to contraction mode, tensor splitting and tensor order. Similarly, we propos...