Science topic
Illusions - Science topic
The misinterpretation of a real external, sensory experience.
Questions related to Illusions
Do you know the externality structure and market illusion of markets other than the traditional market?
Have you ever read this article?
Muñoz, Lucio, 2020. Sustainability thoughts 105: An overview of the externality structure of all possible markets and of the specific market illusion under which each of them operates, Boletin CEBEM-REDESMA, Año 14, No.6, November, La Paz, Bolivia.
I propose a discussion on my text "Notes on Amartya Sen’s interpretation of cultural identity". The text has been published in Progetto Montecristo – Editoriale Delfino, 2024 (Part 1, 17th October 2024; Part 2, 13th October 2024; Part 3, 5th November 2024). My version of the text is available at the bottom of this announcement as an attachment. The printed text can be read at the following web addresses: https://progettomontecristo.editorialedelfino.it/notes-on-amartya-sens-interpretation-of-cultural-identity-part-1/?fbclid=IwY2xjawF-LO5leHRuA2FlbQIxMQABHcksJSIA5mmlR36zzHgGEDR7CF3t3zBmlVl7hcfm4DSXQKZN0fK_Z6Ck7A_aem_UUlZA9crjYqCO-rI22wBBA https://progettomontecristo.editorialedelfino.it/notes-on-amartya-sens-interpretation-of-cultural-identity-part-2/?fbclid=IwY2xjawGF_i1leHRuA2FlbQIxMQABHRV3C-JbUiuvxiKFWvr0HAjR1y4g5zQFFR4Y8eRS4UZ2W-3HF0ooC7WLcA_aem_BNrERzoP9mu6XDskwUz63A https://progettomontecristo.editorialedelfino.it/notes-on-amartya-sens-interpretation-of-cultural-identity-part-3/?fbclid=IwY2xjawGWrLFleHRuA2FlbQIxMAABHbXCqP7QOzBkC1mXRe1du63cQqqI1C54Miq4yKUonC_S4Znq6ilgK-0z8w_aem_JBI6HiMQHbA6_Zci1IM0rw In our study, we analyse aspects of Sen’s criticism of specific interpretations of cultural identity. We shall see that, in Sen’s view, different interpretations of cultural identity can be given. The different ways in which the concept of cultural identity is interpreted correspond to different ways of living one’s culture; they are connected to different interpretations of religion and religious identity too. Throughout Sen’s inquiry, we shall find the following interpretations of cultural identity: - The first interpretation of cultural identity, which corresponds to Sen’s interpretation of cultural identity, considers cultural identities as the results of a plurality of components which constantly evolve (this might be defined as the flexible, dynamic, and inclusive view of identity). - The second interpretation considers identity as rigid, complete, isolated, and given once and for all (this could be defined as the rigid and static conception of identity). The second conception of identity corresponds to the aim of producing people and groups as isolated systems. Sen investigates the psychological mechanisms connected to the rigid interpretation of cultural identity. Individuals can be manipulated through the rigid interpretation of identity. Sen shows that the rigid interpretation of cultural identities can be used to marginalise all those who do not belong to those same cultural identities. This interpretation of the cultural identity aims to divide individuals, groups, peoples, and nations from each other. Cultural identities can be used to create a group which, as such, does not exist at all or is not so homogeneous and uniform as those who support this concept of identity aim to let appear. The group is created artificially by an artificial cultural identity. The rigid cultural identity of some groups means the exclusion of other groups. This kind of cultural identity serves to bring about enmity between individuals, groups, nations, countries, and communities: it is thought out to produce hostility from a group towards other groups. In Sen’s view, cultural identities always result from a plurality of cultural components. Cultural identities take elements from other cultural identities. Therefore, cultural identities are not isolated systems: they are the product of a historical development which involves the participation of different individuals, groups, and cultures. Moreover, cultural identities are not made once and for all: on the contrary, cultural identities are dynamic phenomena which continuously take in new elements. For our investigation, we shall refer to Amartya Sen’s study "Identity and Violence. The Illusion of Destiny".
The idea that time is an illusion is a philosophical and scientific concept that has been discussed by various thinkers and physicists. Here are some key points to understand this perspective:
### 1. **Perception vs. Reality**
- **Subjective Experience**: We experience time as a sequence of events, but this perception may not reflect the true nature of reality. Our sense of time is shaped by our consciousness and cognitive processes.
- **Relativity of Time**: According to Einstein's theory of relativity, time is not absolute but relative. It can stretch or contract depending on the speed at which an object is moving and the gravitational field it is in. This challenges the notion of a single, universal time.
### 2. **Block Universe Theory**
- **Past, Present, and Future Coexist**: In the block universe theory, also known as eternalism, all points in time (past, present, and future) exist simultaneously. From this perspective, time does not "flow"; rather, all events are equally real, and our experience of moving through time is an illusion.
### 3. **Quantum Mechanics**
- **Uncertainty and Time**: In quantum mechanics, certain interpretations suggest that time at the quantum level behaves differently than we perceive it. The concept of superposition, where particles can exist in multiple states at once, challenges the traditional, linear view of time.
### 4. **Psychological Time**
- **Mental Construct**: Some philosophers argue that time is a mental construct, a way for our brains to organize experiences and make sense of the world. In this view, time is not a fundamental aspect of reality but a useful tool for humans.
### 5. **Timeless Physical Theories**
- **Fundamental Laws Without Time**: Some physical theories suggest that the fundamental laws of the universe do not actually require time as a variable. These theories describe the universe in a "timeless" state, where time emerges only as an apparent phenomenon at larger scales or under certain conditions.
### 6. **Philosophical Perspectives**
- **Idealism**: Some philosophical traditions, like certain forms of idealism, argue that time, like space, is a feature of our minds rather than an objective reality. According to this view, time is part of the way we structure our experiences rather than something that exists independently of us.
### Summary
The concept that "time is an illusion" is rooted in the idea that our common understanding of time as a linear progression of events does not fully capture the underlying reality. Time, as we experience it, may be a construct of our perception, and at a deeper level, the nature of time could be very different from how it appears in everyday life.
maybe in the afterlife I've failed at... Uniqueness may be the arche...
Everyone is special:
Violating [(tradition)' = (risk analysis)' = (skin in the game)'] = ethics has many risks.
1)LONG-term higher SELF.
2)Morality is more about concrete empathy than the abstract kind.
3)Criminals risk A LOT.
4)More parsimonous, given the law of identity, and time is an illusion, the individual is more likely eternal than abstract ideas are.
5)We probably realize, upon death, time is an illusion.
6)People evolved to be more easily bored by the abstract than concrete. So, applied mathematics may help teach math.
Michelson-Morley's tests were interpreted based on a particle model for light long time ago. This mistake caused an illusion of an ether wind effect in the arm transverse to light motion in these tests. By using a more relevant interpretation, based on the wave model for light instead, we can see that this transverse effect is not real. To cover up for this error the absurd concept dilation of time was invented. So, Michelson's mistake long time ago gave us multiple time concepts and individual ageing and absurd physics. We need only ONE time concept.
This important mistake is described in the attached article. Take a look and judge by yourself.
John-Erik
I would appreciate being corrected if I am wrong, but it seems that the expansion of the universe is actually an illusion caused by the variable speed of light. The same equation that models the expansion without the need for dark energy, also models the gravitational curves for galaxies without the need for dark matter. Furthermore, this same equation resolves the infinite velocities found at a singularity. For of you who are wondering, this theory proposes that time is actually a function of light so no matter where you are, you always measure the same value of c regardless of how much c varies relative to a universal time. Thanks for the feedback.
Deleted research item The research item mentioned here has been deleted
Respectfully, across reincarnation belief and scientific materialism, why is considering the individual self, as an illusion, a commonality? 1)
The self is NOT an illusion or reason would be impossible.
The more connection with psychology the better.
Does Randomness exist or is an illusion? Did God have any choice in whether to create/allow Randomness or not? Is there any connection between Free will and Randomness?
Time dilation has absurd predictions. So, it may be an illusion. Is it possible that this mistake has its roots far back in 1887, when Michelson did his famous tests? The interpretations of these tests assumed that the mirrors in the equipment define the vector sum of ether wind v and wave vector c. This was a reasoning based on particles, and the mirrors have relevance only in relation to c (but not to v), and the wave model is in conflict. So, time dilation appears to be an illusion, and the Lorentz transform not needed.
Einstein gave support to this idea by postulating that observers in different (but constant) motions all see the same light speed, but Einstein's idea is also absurd.
The psychosis (break from reality) known as schizophrenia involves symptoms such as paranoia, trouble thinking logically, socially unusual behaviour, and suicidal thoughts. The “hollow mask illusion” is a common visual misconception that causes most healthy people to view the concave side of a mask as though its features were convex or sticking out in their direction. This illusion occurs because we fill in the hollows with our expectations, accumulated over a lifetime of observing and committing to memory convex faces. Curiously, people with schizophrenia see the hollow mask as just a hollow mask and have an increased ability to see hidden patterns in reality (“The Faulty Weathermen of the Mind” – Nautilus magazine, Issue 52, Page 59 – reporting the neuroscience of Paul Fletcher and Christoph Teufel.)
Many researchers believe that psychosis actually exists as a continuum, that the general population exhibits varying levels of susceptibility to it, and that these manifest in ways that do not greatly disturb the healthy person’s functioning. While full-blown psychosis or schizophrenia is obviously incompatible with a breakthrough like physically uniting everything in both space and time, a trace of it – a tiny, unrecognizable hint of its symptoms – may be vital to intuiting how unification works ie what was previously referred to as “increased ability to see hidden patterns in reality”. The hormonal and biochemical changes in the brain which accompany this barest trace of the condition conceivably result in insights into the nature and connectedness of space-time.
While this speck of psychosis would possess the great benefit of allowing discernment of the so-called “secrets of the universe” and “the mind of God”, it’d also produce problems like intermittent delusions of persecution and awkward – even totally unacceptable – social interactions. Perhaps the most well-known example in science of unacceptable interactions is Isaac Newton’s hostility towards, and clashes with, other academics. I wouldn’t be surprised if he often regretted his own hostility. Despite the tendency to be harsh and inhuman, my World Book encyclopedia says he had a sensitive nature which, besides aiding his scientific pursuits, manifested as great generosity to his nephews and nieces.
Certainly non psychological, there are many nature like entropic, illusional (block universe theory), Aristotelian (that which realize change), mathematical (Smolin, Bergson).
Still none of these characterizes properly Galilean physics or the bulk of established literature of physics.
What do you think is the nature of time that characterizes best the meaning it is ascribed in its use and in the framework of the definitional choices of physical parameters in theories modern physics?
Given the Principle of Parsimony, Plato's Theory of Forms at least seems like the most likely afterlife(minus reincarnation because morality is objective but relative because symmetry always stays the same while risks change). The perishable no longer perishes after having perished. In other words, the perishable becomes the imperishable. If time is an illusion then all that recognizes real reality are abstract ideas. So when living beings deceased they become abstract ideas.
Kaplan-meier is the most frequently used statistical method in survival analysis, and we prefer the log-rank test for comparison of groups. But are our analyzes and results reliable?
We enter the fictitious data into the SPSS database as in a phase 3 study (n=514).
Group A; n=257
Group B; n=257
Except for 4 patients, all patients progress in 101 days. However, we determine that only 4 patients in group-A progress in 102 days.
Do you think Group-A achieved statistically longer survival due to these 4 patients?
Correct Answer is yes; according to statistical analysis, group-A achieved longer PFS than group-B (p=0.045).
One treatment provides only 4 days of PFS benefits in a cluster of 514 people and costs millions of dollars.
Do you think statistics is an illusion?
(sharing the dataset)
we usually use gradient illusion but for isocratic, I want to know the percentage calculation of organic solvent
In his book "Identity and Violence. The Illusion of Destiny" (New York, London 2006), Amartya Sen criticizes the positions contending the existence of cultural identities which completely absorb individual minds and destinies. Sen sees in such positions the danger that cultural identities can be used in order to stir up, in a society, groups against other groups. Identities can represent, in the opinion of Sen, an ideological instrument used to oppress minorities and to gain power over determined groups.
A binaural beat is an auditory illusion perceived when two different pure-tone sine waves, both with frequencies lower than 1500 Hz, with less than a 40 Hz difference between them, are presented to a listener dichotically.The difference between the two beats form a third beat (binaural). Auditory beat stimulation can be used to modulate cognition, reduce anxiety levels, increased focus, increased concentration, increased motivation, increased confidence, deeper meditation as well as to enhance mood states.
A Fiat Government is a Government that is "artificial ", like Fiat Currency, something backed only by trust and belief in in promises made.
Governments around the world portray to help their citizens, however , data suggests that Governments actually work in collusion for the benefit of the wealthiest segments of the world, often using financial policy to enslave citizens and the global population.
Fiat Government images that the illusion of democracy or socialist value is only an illusion, and that the availability of decades worth of government data suggests that democracy and a democratic republic does not exist, however, the illusion exists. In that, we then see a Fiat Government, fake and not backed by the illusion, but backed by people and interests that ignore a democratic process.
In the United States, we have witnessed a complete breakdown in the rule of constitutional laws, a breakdown of cultural norms and a breakdown of societal benefit, with a shift towards highest-bidder corporate interests and military dominance, something that is not new, but which has been exposed as a Fiat Government during the 2010-2020 decade.
Is it time to challenge a New World Order of Fiat Government that is nothing more than centralized power and corruption?
If there are sustainability gaps, then there are market illusions as well as broken circular economic structures.
Hence there is a market illusion associated with red socialism/Karl Marx and with pure capitalism/Adam Smith as each of these models has specific sustainability gaps embedded in them.
Can you see these market illusions, the red socialism market illusion and the pure capitalism market illusion?
Please provide your own views on the question, I will appreciate that.
I was thinking of the fact that as far I know as a 2nd-year undergrad student, Economists always state their inference by taking other things constant or Ceteris Paribus. But in real state everything changes, so can we use the law of relativity or the illusion of time concept of physics and apply it to economics? Please do give your opinion. Thank You!
I am looking for visual stimuli that produce a similar effect than the well know “Dalmatian dog illusion” (see Figure attached).
If you look briefly at the Dalmatian dog illusion for the first time, it looks like a pattern of meaningless black and white stains (left panel). However, once a priming cue is briefly presented (the red contour in the right panel) the representation of a Dalmatian dog in a field becomes apparent. Once “seen” this representation will remain apparent even after the priming cue is removed and can't be unseen (look at the left panel again without the red contour).
Do you know other types of visual stimuli containing a hidden object shape that never pops-out before and always pops-out after the transient presentation of a priming stimulus?
Thank you!

Abstract
An illusion of undecidability of an ether wind was the basis for establishing the theory of special relativity (SRT). The reason to that mistake was a wrong interpretation of light behavior in both arms in the Michelson and Morley’s tests (MMX), and also in the interpretation of stellar aberration. A deviation from the wave model gave us the illusion of particles in light, and also resulted in the absurd idea that the time concept is dilated, due to velocity.
Suppose time is proportional to entropy. Then time would be related to energy and how it distributes. Is time a kind of projection of a feature of the universe. Is it possible to conceive that our universe looked at from outside would appear to be unchanging and featureless (like a black hole) and that the inhabitants inside perceive changes that are from the outside observer’s perspective illusions?
How far digital technological innovations have succeeded in overcoming political apathy and political disengagement? If your answer goes utopian way, how sustainable will that change be? Do we have any empirical evidence which may suggest that the change in real sense is sustainable?
There is a predominance of quantitativism in scientific environments that apparently creates an illusion of scientific relevance. In the history of science, there have been important authors who have rarely published. There were authors who were valued only after his death. How to correctly evaluate scientific relevance, beyond the metrics that today dominate the scientific field?
Consciousness understood like metacognition (I am the observer/perceptor) or I am a sentient human being.
1. We feel like sentient beings with an unified or global self (the only one). This is our subjective experience (self-unity).
2. The brain-self is modular. There are different selves, each one with different underlying neural circuits and different functions/structure and characteristics. For example: 2.1. The visceral-self related to the limbic system in the right hemisphere and associated with basic emotions and qualia from subcortex. 2.2. The bodily self, related to the limits of our body. It shows high flexibility (Rubber hand illusion or Ramachandran´s Pinocchio nose illusion or the third man illusion). But this flexibility that’s not necessarily means that the body self is an illusion or hallucination. It must be flexible to work properly. Imagine that you are driving a bike, a small car or a truck. In all cases your bodily self should be extended to the vehicle to avoid accidents, to guarantee your survival. Of course it will be bigger in the case of the truck. Probably this body-self is associated to motivation (survival, stress, fight or flee response) and to biological associative learning (synchrony between external senses and interoception in only few trials). It responds to the question: is that me? But like a quick reaction: It is a physical self, to avoid pain… 2.3. The social self. Associated to Theory of Mind, social emotions like shame or proud, empathy. It must decide between cooperation or competitiveness (In this case, the main goal can be “to be the best”, the winner). It follows culture rules, is a kind of mask. The social self can learn by imitation. 2.4. The autobiographical self associated to episodic memory and language, extended in the time line from past to present. 2.5. The future self or future anticipation. Probably associated to prefrontal cortex and brain default network. You can create fantasy, you can anticipate and simulate future events of different types, you can think in the next winter food, your future dead, chronic pain after your illness or how to go from street X to street Y tomorrow in your city in only five minutes. In this last case, world representation and self-representation can interact. Anxiety or depression can be associated to self-anticipation. 2.6. The absent self, in the case of flow states, associated to task attentional brain network activation or clean consciousness. It is related to skills, to experts. 2.7. Other forms of self representation
3. The different selves can be combined, for example in the case of CV (social self plus autobiographical self).
4. Different neurological disorder can damage some forms of the self while others remain intact. In the case of narcissism or psycopath the emotional part of the social self is affected (cero empathy). In Alzheimer, the visceral self could be preserved but the autobiographical one is affected (not updated)…
5. The different brain selves are organized in different brain circuits that belong to different layers. Some are activated bottom up (the bodily self), others overall top-down (the future self). There is not a global self. There is not one superior or inferior.
6. All conscious experience is a self-experience. Different selves produce different conscious experiences. They have different intentions (final cause) and produce different attentional bias. Our attentional disposition produced by the activated self is the observer/actor role.
7. There is a competition between brain selves to produce the conscious experience. The winner affects to the goal, the perception and actions in a context. A self can be activated by a situation (Ortega y Gasset: I am myself and my circumstances) or by an own action (it is not the same to play an expert action that a novel action. I am also my actions: they are performed by different selves).
8. Imagine a context with a social interaction, your reactions and understanding will be different from your visceral self, your autobiographical one, your social one, your motivational one… At the same time, the other person involved in the situation can respond you from his/her visceral self while you are in your social self (there are many options and combinations of between selves interactions). 9. It is not the same (in the same context) to feel that you are in danger, that you feel upset, that you feel shame, that you anticipate a negative result of the interaction…
10. But who is the sentient human being? In my opinion the visceral self (here and now). Who is the observer? (The neural default network?), who is the actor?... Then, we have multiple selves but we experience only one each time. Our temperament and personality (extroverts versus introverts…)can cause that some forms of the self are manifest with higher frequency for a person in particular.
I would like to know your opinion about the self-problem and the unity of the experience.
Please read the Boston Globe's research An Epidemic of Untapped Potential. Many valedictorians are not experiencing life success. Many lack necessary life affordances; so that for them it is an illusion.
Rich
This question assumes light motion or time is a fourth dimension added to three spatial dimensions, Should the time dimension be distinguished from the three spatial dimensions? If so, on what basis?
The fundamental separation between self and other, (by 'other' I mean the outside world or what is non-self) is an assumption? Isn't the idea of noumenon is a phenomenon? I am searching for literature for discribe the cause of separation (or illusion of separation) between self and other. What theory or logic do you recommend me?
I'm doing a qualitative interview about ageing in place experience among vulnerable rural residents in China. Here the term vulnerable means older people who have no source of income, no ability to work and no offspring to support their living. I'm trying to figure out their AIP decision making process but, it turn out that the pilot study is not going well because most of them cannot understand what I mean, even I tried to use common language.
I understand that they are mostly illiterate people who had a long time of living alone and who tend to discuss issue that are more about "fact" than "meaning", things like "what did you do after you get up" or "how long have you have been here". But its really hard to discuss things such as "what's your future plan" because they seems confused and discuss other irrelevant stuff such as their experience of raising pig. Some one even has the illusion of being assassinated by the government because he refused someone's propose.
Do you have such experience of tips when interviewing such group of people?
I know it's hard but it's also a great chance to have a glance to their own world.
Agricultural production has a limit. Everybody is busy demanding more from scientists and farmers. Illusion of self sufficiency being created by the Governments across political parties. Nobody talks of a new Australia being added every year. We Indians are reproducing ruthlessly. No technology will work. Despair awaits. Population will kill. Mind!
In an investigation that I am carrying out, I found something quite odd.
The results dictate that black holes may be surrounded by dark energy causing some in falling particles (particles with mass only) to follow a hyperbolic trajectory as the particle approaches the Schwarzschild radius. The properties and the spectrum of the particle is distorted due to the gravitational field making it hard to detect which in turn gives the illusion that the particle did disappear into the black hole.
I'm speaking of this kind of magic that made radioactivity principles to be discovered. Untidy Becquerel, after an hard day of research, forgot 2 pieces of granite stone on a photographic plaque: that's how he got the first shot of radioactivity. Something he did not planned gave him the keys to understand radioactivity. Because he took the time to recognize his error, analyzed it and begun to plan a theory. At times, life is more generous even and at my humble level, I was so surprised to have shot an image, almost by chance, (because I thought it would be a nice tattoo) and without knowing what it meant, to get aware it was one of the central motifs of my historical-literary investigation: the logo of the famous Manutius family from Venice, who invented book edition: a dolphin rolled up on an anchor. Personally, it gave me the sensation to have entered by chance in Ali Baba's cavern (see my text Antonio Manutius aka Hassan Pacha Veneziano's library). Do you have personal episodes of magical incidents in your research? (Profitable errors, unpredictable things happening, unusual events that change the direction of the wind, etc.)
Where from we have arrived to the conclusion that space of our Universe is 3D (and so the dimensionality of spacetime is 4D)?
I suppose this is the result of our sense of vision that is based on both of our eyes. However, the image we conceive is the result of mind manipulation (illusion) of the two “images” that each of our eyes send to our brain. This mind manipulation gives us the notion of depth that is translated as the third dimension of space. This is why one eye vision (or photography, cinema, TV, ...) is actually a 2D vision. In other words, when we see a 3D object and our eyes are (approx.) on a line perpendicular to the plane that form object's “height” and “long”, our mind concludes about object's “width”. Photons detectable by each of our eyes were, e.g. t(=10-20sec) before, on the surface of a sphere with our eye as center and radius t*c. As the surface of a sphere is 2D (detectable space) and if we add the dimension of "time" (to form the spacetime) we should conclude that the dimensionality of our detectable Universe is 3D ((2+1) and NOT 4D(3+1)).
PS: (27/8/2018) Though, I am aware that this opinion will reveal an instinctive opposition as it contradicts our “common sense”… I will take the risk to open the issue.
Umpire Decision Review System(UDRS) is a most sensitive decision making process in today's Cricket.
In the summer I suffer the mosquito bites. When the bites are on the face, they are fade away next day. However the bites on the leg or waist, they can last several days. (I try not to scratch, which may disturb the organization's self-healing). Does anyone have a similar experience.
The regeneration capability is different in different part? or the mosquito have different virulence? or the clothing?or just illusion?
Today I among many others received an e-mail from a Portuguese colleague, with an interesting article by Stephen Hawking about if the universe is random or predictive on the following weblink:
This article makes an excellent background for the ongoing discussion where we may ask ourselves if free will really does exist or if it’s merely an illusion of free will we’re experiencing? Are coincidences (chance, probability) or destiny (fate, predictability) controlling the laws of nature and the processes in the universe including the human brain?
Critical thinking is the priority which primarily based on exercising true life. In other words criticism addresses the thoughts of exercise itself through( Peter Morton 2010, p 114) stressing upon inspecting all the phenomena that surround man. That said, the main approach and solid base for criticism require original procedures for human thinking to produce an active, positive and life interlaced process, not being a superficial, fake or merely a complementary procedure. It's an explanation to all that is deliberated of relations, functions, goals, objectives and facts. It is the means by which we distinguish between what prevails as possible and logic and what we desire to accomplish and achieve. Here, the critical mind emerges as the active part of man's actions and activities that exceeds being simply a complementary moment or step in a certain process that includes many decided steps that are made to reach a certain goal or to accomplish a certain objective. Man cannot take one step forward or pursue towards a certain goal unless there is an ongoing function circulating inside his mind: where am I? What do I want? Where am I heading to? here, criticism is not a disordered anxiety nor is it a phobia that dominates our human senses; it also isn't a psychic behavior but the core of interactive action to ( William james 2002, p 29) ) produce the ideas required to sustain thinking. It's the trigger, the motor, and the main provider for any possible intellectual activity. For any possible thinking activity, Critical thinking is the active presence in the pulse of life itself, as it manages the active participation in crystallizing the meaning that covers the different aspects of life, regardless of it being natural or theoretical, ( Agenieszka Barszczewska 2011, p 169) where innovation and creativity would produce renovation and change to all that already exists and prevails, to be innovative in the direction of activation and flourishing, not to be submissive to relations already set by conventional powers that pursue to spread minor ideologies and beliefs.
Competition Law and regulation of misleading advertising are questions that are directly--and critically--relevant to the emergent evolution of civilization. It may be stipulated that the paradigm shift which the planet is experiencing is a shift into a holographic perception of reality--a unified field (or virtual reality) in which everything is connected by a matrix of "energy." This Field is a cognitive illusion, but it is an illusion that requires increasing science-based responsibility on the part of civilized collectives--not only for words and actions, but for thoughts and feelings, values, and even attitudes. Therefore, competitive Capitalism as presently understood might be considered an aberration of scientific Law, and the broad dissemination of lies in advertising manipulative at best. A book I edited deals with some of these issues:
I use limesurvey and try to allocate participants randomly to three different conditions, i.e. control groups. This means, people in group 1 should only get questions from group 1 etc.
How can I do this?
I tried to use this tutorial but it doesn't work for me...
Any other ideas?
Thanks so much!!
The focus of my research is to analyse current trends in the Body Care industry, especially the phenomenon of "Food-Imitating-Products". Here, a household cleaner or a personal care product exhibits food attributes in order to enrich consumption experience. I try to find out why consumers purchase these items and why they are "buying" the obvious illusion that a shampoo or crème contains "real" apples, peaches or chocolate.
Has anyone done similar research on this topic? Especially with regard to "illusion" in consumption experience?
I am looking for a simple visual or cognitive task or illusion in which prior knowledge would make the task significantly easier. The task should be relatively short and simple and the effect of prior knowledge should be surprising and memorable. The task should be initially fairly difficult. For example, the classic Dalmatian dog image is initially difficult to understand (http://www.michaelbach.de/ot/cog_dalmatian/), but when you have seen it once, it is always easy to see the dog. I would like to have similar effect with an image or a task that is less well known among psychology students.
Consciousness is the one of the two Holy Grails of modern science (the other being the Unified Field Theory). However, the understanding of consciousness seems to be elusive not only because of philosophical issues (the human brain been both the object of study and the tool utilized to study and comprehend it) but also because the mere definition of consciousness still remains nebulous.
In the past years a number of post-physical theories have seen the light of day, with Roger Penroses' Quantum Nature of Consciousness being the most (in)famous one. Unfortunately, these borderline or even metaphysical approaches seem to simply throw the ball in the bleachers, forcing a delay and deferring the answer to a future date when biological quantum events will be not only be better understood but also more predictable.
Nevertheless, I am convinced that consciousness is very much physical, it can be approached by a more detailed understanding of the brain region connections and neuronal activity and it is within our grasp. Now, Universal Time may well be a biological illusion, yet personal time is very much part of our existence. All our experiences can be trichotomized into past (memories), future (imagination in extrapolation and planning) and present (conscious existence). So, this then becomes an investigation of determining where and when a sensory or internal perception turns present in the brain.
This also means that, at least at some level, consciousness has no reason to be a unique human trait - and this opens up a huge window of experimental exploration.
I have been exploring this possibility for some time now but, before I publish, I would like to ask anyone for their advice on the matter.