Illinois - Science topic

Karate is a branch of achievement sports that has a Kumite competition number. There are two athletes in the Kumite category in a karate match who face each other and must have agility when attacking and defending. The purpose of this study was to understand the effect of combination training of Shuttle Run and Zig-zag Run on the agility of male an...

Introducción: El modelo ludo-técnico es una alternativa a los métodos de enseñanza tradicionales, centrándose en el aprendizaje de habilidades técnicas desde una perspectiva lúdica y divertida, siendo útil para la iniciación deportiva inclusiva, con una estructura adaptable a diferentes deportes, es especialmente útil para deportes con movimientos...

Soil emissions of nitrous oxide (N 2 O), a potent greenhouse gas, contribute substantially to global warming from agriculture. Spatial variation in N 2 O emissions within agricultural fields leads to high uncertainty in the benefits of climate-smart agricultural practices. Here, we present a new conceptual framework explaining spatial variation in...

This article is an example of ‘Lessons from the Field’. The likelihood of future novel diseases, like coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), is extremely high due to global travel, increased antibiotic resistance, and vaccine hesitancy of common viruses based on attitudes towards the COVID‐19 vaccine. Therefore, local and state health departments sho...

Many countries worldwide face a common problem with the aging bridge infrastructure that is being demanded to carry increasing loads. With the cost and the difficulties associated with replacing and rehabilitating these bridges, it is necessary to make the most efficient use of the existing infrastructure. Proof load testing (PLT) proved to be a re...

Background HIV PrEP with daily oral emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (FTC/TDF) or emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (FTC/TAF) has been found to be safe and effective in reducing HIV acquisition. The US Public Health Service PrEP guideline offers recommendations for the screening and vaccination for HBV in patients prescribed oral PrEP....

Nickel (Ni) is essential to plants and Ni deficiencies have been proven in Oxisols of Brazil and scattered crops and soils in the US. However, little research has been conducted to assess the spatial variability and Ni deficiency more widely. By adding Ni to the analysis suite at a commercial soil testing lab, extractable Ni data was collected on a...

Background Limited data outside of randomized controlled trials exist reporting the prevalence of integrase inhibitor resistance (INSTI-R) since the approval and recommendation of INSTIs as first-line treatment for HIV. National surveillance data in 2018 estimated INSTI-R to be 6.3% in people with HIV (PWH) who had never achieved viral suppression,...

Hollywood’s Exploited: Public Pedagogy, Corporate Movies, and Cultural Crisis edited by Benjamin Frymer, Tony Kashani, Anthony J. Nocella II, and Richard Van Heertum Date: 2010 Published by Palgrave __________ Hollywood’s Exploited is an interdisciplinary anthology that provides a compelling analysis of contemporary Hollywood film texts and the l...

This study aimed to explore the mediation effects of bullying on the connection between aggression and resilience among Azerbaijani adolescents. The research involved 623 participant from various regions in Azerbaijan, and data were collected using the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire, the Illinois Bully Scale, and the Brief Resilience Scale. To...

This paper reports the first records of Cercopagis pengoi in the Mississippi River Basin, Illinois, USA. In 2017, a total of 11 C. pengoi were collected from two different locations during zooplankton sampling in the Illinois Waterway. One location was in the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal and the second location was in the Calumet-Sag Channel, ap...

Measuring bathymetry has always been a major scientific and technological challenge. In this work, we used a deep learning technique for inferring bathymetry from the depth-averaged velocity field. The training of the neural network is based on 5742 laboratory data using a gravel-bed flume and reconstructed velocity fields, namely the topographies...

Anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBR) have been used for treating high-strength industrial wastewater at full-scale and the potential to use them for mainstream municipal wastewater treatment presents an important opportunity to turn energy-intensive plants into net-energy producers. However, several limitations of the AnMBR technology have preven...

From 1980 to 2020, drought events accounted for only 11.4% of the billion-dollar disasters in the United States (U.S.), yet caused the second-highest total amount in damages, at USD 236.6 billion. With the average cost of a drought being upwards of USD 9.5 billion, these natural disasters can create serious problems in agriculture. Drought is defin...

High spatiotemporal variability in soil nitrous oxide (N 2 O) fluxes challenges quantification and prediction of emissions to evaluate the climate change mitigation outcomes of sustainable agricultural practices. Triggers for large, short-lived N 2 O emission pulses, such as rainfall and fertilization, alter soil oxygen (O 2 ) and nitrate (NO 3 ⁻ )...

Parafia Świętych Apostołów Piotra i Pawła w Spring Valley, Ill., została założona 30 września 1891 r., a nowo wybudowany drewniany kościół został poświęcony 14 sierpnia 1892 r. Na początku do tej parafii należało około 200 rodzin Polaków i Litwinów. Po kilku latach Litwini wznieśli własny kościół. W 1901 r. Polacy wybudowali szkołę i plebanię. 17 g...

Introduction Modern haematology analysers provide an easy approach for enumerating the cellular components of blood in automated manner with improved turn-around-time. In our haematology laboratory, we have existing full blood count analyser, Sysmex XN-1500. We recently bought a backup full blood count analyser from Abbott Diagnostic, Cell Dyn Emer...

Economic inequality is rising globally, yet its impact on consumer behavior remains poorly understood. In five studies, we show that economic inequality increases the preference for personal control appeals-advertising appeals encouraging consumers to reclaim their sense of agency and control. This effect emerged when economic inequality was object...

This study tests the hypotheses that insurance status, race and ethnicity, and neighborhood characteristics are associated with hospital admission and severe health outcomes (Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission and oxygen assistance) for youth and young adults who present to the emergency department with COVID-19 in a single, academic health system...

Introduction To investigate how the provision of additional information about the health events and procedures covered by a healthcare plan affect the level of coverage chosen by young adults taking their first full time job. Methods University students were recruited for a study at two behavioral laboratories (one located at the University of Tor...

Coal mines in the Illinois Basin have not engaged in pillar recovery for many decades. In large part, this is due to the exceptionally weak nature of much of the roof in the region. But, as room-and-pillar mining is conducted at greater depths, and larger pillars become necessary, recovering them becomes more attractive. Recently a western Kentucky...

Importance The Diabetes Distress Scale–17 (DDS-17) is a common measure of diabetes distress. Despite its popularity, there are no agreed-on minimal clinically important difference (MCID) values for the DDS-17. Objective To establish a distribution-based metric for MCID in the DDS-17 and its 4 subscale scores (interpersonal distress, physician dist...

Projected near future climate (2031-2059) of wetter springs and drier summers may negatively affect agricultural production of the US Midwest, mostly through reduced aeration of the root zone due to excess soil water and frequent loss of nutrients like nitrate (NO3-N) and total phosphorus (TP). Several agricultural adaptations—such as adding tile d...

Fossilised true ferns (Pecopteris sp.) preserved in siderite concretions from the Mazon Creek Lagerstätte (Illinois) presented a unique opportunity to characterise the organic signatures of these late Carboniferous plants. Localised analyses of true fern fossils showed several highly abundant phytohopanoids and fernane/arborane derived aromatic pro...

Secondary mitral regurgitation (MR) refers to the conditions in which the mitral leaflets themselves are normal, but regurgitation occurs secondary to changes in left ventricle (LV) geometry due to left ventricular dysfunction, remodeling or atrial disease and has been strongly associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Since secondary MR i...

The growing production of plastic products, the majority (about 54%) of which are single-use goods, and the lack of effective plastic waste management have led to the global problem of environmental pollution by polymers. Micro- (<5 mm) and nano-sized (<100 nm) plastic particles (MP and NP, respectively) are found in all environments: air, water, s...

The past decade has seen a rise in the availability of modern information and communication technologies (ICTs) for developing smart societies and communities. However, the smart divide, characterized by inequalities in ICT infrastructures, software access, and individual capabilities, remains a significant barrier for rural communities. Limited em...

In recent years, insect decline has become a pressing issue that has been widely discussed and debated. Despite the large conversation around the topic, there are still many areas that are left unaddressed by current literature. Most studies investigating insect decline focus on broad-scale measurements of biodiversity such as biomass and species r...

Understanding if persons with HIV (PWH) have a higher risk for SARS-CoV-2 reinfection may help tailor future COVID-19 public health guidance. To determine whether HIV infection was associated with increased risk for SARS-CoV-2 reinfection, we followed adult residents of Chicago, Illinois, USA, with SARS-CoV-2 longitudinally from their first reporte...

Mycotoxin contamination of corn is a pervasive problem that negatively impacts human and animal health and causes economic losses to the agricultural industry worldwide. Historical aflatoxin (AFL) and fumonisin (FUM) mycotoxin contamination data of corn, daily weather data, satellite data, dynamic geospatial soil properties, and land usage paramete...

Truck platooning refers to trucks traveling in convoy with longitudinal proximity. By reducing aerodynamic drag, platooning cuts truck energy use and operating cost along with other benefits to the freight transportation system. This research proposes a platform-based platooning system to maximize the participation of truck platooning considering s...

Study purpose. Three-Cone Drill using the Ball (TCDB) High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) is an exercise that requires players to perform fast movements and sharp changes of direction using a ball over three cones with high intensity. This exercise is based on the application of specific training principles using the ball and the principle of o...

Understanding the genetic basis of seed Ni and Mo is essential. Since soybean is a major crop in the world and a major source for nutrients, including Ni and Mo, the objective of the current research was to map genetic regions (quantitative trait loci, QTL) linked to Ni and Mo concentrations in soybean seed. A recombinant inbred line (RIL) populati...

Importance Time-restricted eating (TRE) has become increasingly popular, yet longer-term randomized clinical trials have not evaluated its efficacy and safety in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Objective To determine whether TRE is more effective for weight reduction and glycemic control than daily calorie restriction (CR) or a control condit...

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Hand grip strength (HGS) and reaction time are crucial functions to maintain daily activities. They are also a sign of general physical health. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between grip strength and reaction time in children, adults and older adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included a total of 12...

Background Manual wheelchair propulsion is widely accepted to be biomechanically inefficient, with a high prevalence of shoulder pain and injuries among users. Directional control during wheelchair movement is a major, yet largely overlooked source of energy loss: changing direction or maintaining straightforward motion on tilted surfaces requires...

This study was conducted to determine the effect of four weeks of high intensity interval training on blood oxygen saturation, body composition and some performance parameters in young male football players. Pre-test-post-test control group experimental method was used in the study. Twelve experimental (age: 16,33,77 years; height: 171,50,6,23 cm...

Background The COVID-19 pandemic caused disruptions in access to routine HIV screening. Setting We assess HIV and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) testing across 6 emergency departments (EDs) in Cook County, Illinois. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the number of SARS-CoV-2 tests, HIV screens, and the proportion of...

In 2023, the United States child welfare system suffers from disorganization, role ambiguity, and deficient transparency. With 12 contempt of court strikes for the system’s Director in 2022, it is clear why child welfare actors are unable to successfully perform. Foster parents, a key stakeholder in the proper care of children, report being unable...

Background High rates of medical device alarms in hospitals are a well-documented threat to patient safety. Little is known about organisational features that may be associated with nurses’ experience of alarm burden. Aims To evaluate the association between nurse-reported alarm burden, appraisals of patient safety, quality of care and hospital ch...

During the Covid-19 pandemic, migrant workers in the food supply chain (FSC) were deemed an essential workforce. At the same time, they were particularly exposed to risks as shown by Covid-19 outbreaks, for example in meat-processing plants. The pandemic has thus highlighted preexisting inequities related to precarious migrant labor in the FSC. We...

The success or failure of a drone mission depend on several elements, including the drone’s mass and payload, the surrounding environment, the battery’s state, and the propulsion system’s performance. Several studies have been undertaken addressing the propeller performance of this final component, particularly for fixed-wing or quad copter drones...

Importance Physical activity (PA) is recommended for preventing and treating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Yet, how long-term patterns of intensity-based physical activity, including moderate-intensity PA (MPA) and vigorous-intensity PA (VPA), might affect the prevalence of NAFLD in middle age remains unclear. Objective To identify dis...

Thank you for the opportunity to provide comments to The US Copyright Office via the notice of inquiry on "on copyright and artificial intelligence (AI)." Ownership around intellectual production is critical to generative activities in academia, industry, and creative endeavors. As LLMs and other applications of AI transform these processes, we mus...

Located in the eastern Illinois Basin, the Vincennes 1:100,000-scale quadrangle comprises portions of Daviess, Knox, Sullivan, and Greene Counties in Indiana. It is situated in the rolling topography of the Wabash Lowland and dominated by Pennsylvanian-age coal-bearing strata. Pennsylvanian siliciclastics in the Vincennes quadrangle host economical...

This column is a change of pace, a report on Formula Hybrid+Electric contest held last May at the New Hampshire Motor Speedway in Loudon, NH. Formula Hybrid was founded by the Thayer School of Engineering at Dartmouth and is sponsored by, among others, IEEE and SAE. Formula Hybrid racers are modeled on scaled down formula race cars, and are single...

Background With many drug-related deaths driven by potent synthetic opioids tainting the illicit drug supply, drug checking services are becoming a key harm reduction strategy. Many drug checking technologies are available, ranging from fentanyl test strips to mass spectrometry. This study aimed to identify key considerations when implementing drug...

Introduction: The use of the jump as a plyometric exercise is a way to improve jump performance. Additionally, as it requires abrupt stopping, starting, and changing directions, it might enhance agility. Thus, this study aims to find out the relationship between drop jump variables and agility in contact sports. Materials and Methods: A total of 30...

Purpose To explore barriers and facilitators to completing scheduled outpatient appointments at an urban academic hospital-based ophthalmology department. Methods Potential participants were stratified by neighborhood Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) (range, 0–1.0, higher scores indicate greater vulnerability), and semistructured interviews were c...

This paper provides a catalogue of the type specimens of lice (Insecta: Psocodea: Phthiraptera) held in the collection of the Field Museum of Natural History (FMNH), Chicago, Illinois, USA. There are 178 nominal species, four of which are represented by holotype only; 14 by holotype, allotype and paratypes; 29 by holotype and paratypes; 127 by para...

The use of passive-seismic methods (horizontal to vertical spectral ratio, HVSR) in northern Illinois has improved the understanding of bedrock valley geometries and their implications for regional aquifer connections. Deeply-incised bedrock valleys in north-central Illinois are filled with glacial sediments that are often largely composed of coars...

Ground-based geophysics methods were used to constrain helicopter time-domain electromagnetic (HTEM) data in east-central Illinois. HTEM profiles were flown to characterize high-resolution geology and variability within a regional sand and gravel aquifer system. We deployed 2-D electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), 2-D seismic reflection and pas...

Abstract The present paper reports an update on an NSF-funded S-STEM program currently in its last year at the University of Illinois Chicago. Lessons learned during the project implementation are also listed in the paper. A summary of the paper materials will be presented at the ASEE 2023 Annual Conference and Exposition as part of the NSF Grantee...

Fire is a vital management tool for maintaining prairie ecosystems. Prescribed burns control invasive species, regulate succession, stimulate plant growth, and are a cheap and effective method for removing excess biomass; however, fire can also inadvertently cause wildlife mortality, placing land managers in a challenging situation. Turtles are esp...

There was a lack of scientific investigations conducted concerning the effectiveness of agility training with generic or specific exercises. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Bangsbo Sprint training program on agility football players. This study used a pre-experimental method with one group pretest-posttest research design....

Anthony's current focus is on engineering education and its restructuring to better meet the diverse needs of students and industries. Anthony is also active in ophthalmology research for the multimodal imaging of retinal oxygenation and novel medical device design. Clinical Assistant Professor teaching engineering design, medical device quality an...

Phyllachora maydis is a fungal pathogen causing tar spot of corn (Zea mays L.), a new and emerging, yield-limiting disease in the United States. Since being first reported in Illinois and Indiana in 2015, P. maydis can now be found across much of the corn growing regions of the United States. Knowledge of the epidemiology of P. maydis is limited bu...

The undergraduate curriculum in biomedical engineering at the University of Illinois Chicago emphasizes problem-based learning with a focus on as much hands-on project work as possible. To that end, our 100-level Introduction to BME course integrates CAD design, 3d printing and microprocessors to achieve learning outcomes. A 200-level course introd...

Soybean seed sugars are among the most abundant beneficial compounds for human and animal consumption in soybean seeds. Higher seed sugars such as sucrose are desirable as they contribute to taste and flavor in soy-based food. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to use the ‘Forrest’ by ‘Williams 82’ (F × W82) recombinant inbred line (RIL)...

Given the existence of different positions in volleyball, it is likely that there are also differences in motor abilities among players due to the specific physical demands of each position. Most of the research so far has studied the differences in body composition and motor abilities of male and female volleyball players in different playing posi...

A brief update on the Folsom/Midland record in Illinois and Wisconsin.

Education has a much to gain from the rapid development in recent years of technologies like artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and natural language processing (NLP). However, there is a lack of data showing that incorporating these technologies into classrooms improves students' learning outcomes and motivation to learn. Moreover...

Silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) are a nonnative, planktivorous, and highly invasive species of cyprinid located throughout the Mississippi River Basin. Although they co-occur with largemouth bass (Micropterus nigricans), an abundant native predatory fish, their predator–prey relationship is poorly understood. This potential relationship w...

Durante la fase final de la Edad de Hielo del Paleozoico, la región interior de Norteamérica estaba cubierta en su mayor parte por un amplio mar epicontinental somero, conocido como el Mar Epicontinental del Pensilvaniense Tardío (LPMS por sus siglas en inglés). Desde el Pensilva-niense Medio al Pérmico temprano, la sedimentología de esta región es...

We have evaluated the feasibility of using GPS satellite transmitters on invasive bigheaded carp species, silver carp and bighead carp, that could determine patterns of movement, identify potential feeding and spawning areas, and inform a comprehensive monitoring and commercial removal program in the Illinois River Waterway system in the United Sta...

There has been widespread outrage within the social work profession regarding racial disparities in pass rates of licensing exams developed and administered by the Association of Social Work Boards (ASWB). The most supported remedy has been to eliminate testing for some categories of licensure with Connecticut, Illinois, and Rhode Island leadi...

Disclosure: V. Williams: None. N. Wazzan: None. M. Abu Limon: None. J.O. Abdelkarim: None. M.G. Jakoby: None. G. Sydney: None. A. Gagen: None. H. O'neil: None. U. Tarabichi: None. Background. Incidental adrenal masses (IAM’s) are masses of the adrenal glands ≥ 1 cm in diameter discovered during imaging for an indication other than adrenal pathology...

Purpose: to determine how gender affects the distribution of planter pressure in healthy adult individuals. Methods: A total of 1,500 healthy individuals from both sexes (700 men and 800 women) participated in the study. They were chosen through campus recruitment. They were between the ages of 18 and 25. Two groups were formed out of them. The foo...

Objective This study examines improvement in birth certificate accuracy during a statewide quality improvement initiative. Study design Participating hospitals systematically sampled 10 delivery medical records per month and compared them to corresponding birth certificates for accuracy. Accuracy was computed before implementing the initiative (Au...

We summarize Siteman Cancer Center catchment that covers 82 counties in southern Illinois and eastern Missouri. We note both the high poverty and cancer rates in many rural counties. Siteman Community Outreach and Engagement has developed a number of strategies to move towards achieving health equity. These include NCI-funded research projects in r...

Mismanagement of existing water supplies is threatening the sustainability of these resources, resulting in the degradation of source water quality and decreasing water supplies. Notably, substantial amounts of source water are withdrawn and treated for industrial use, irrigation, thermoelectric power, and mining purposes; only a small portion is a...

Small-sided games (SSGs) serve as a valuable tool for aerobic training for both professional and amateur teams. Nevertheless, some studies suggest that, under specific conditions, small SSGs may not replicate the high-intensity efforts (20-25 km/h) and repeat sprints (>25 km/h) demanded by full games when compared with larger small-side game format...

This two-part in-person workshop at Carnegie Mellon University unearths potentials in applying principles of cybernetics to curriculum and educational technology design. Cybernetics is a transdiscipline enabling connections across ideas in fields such as biology, the social sciences, and computer science to understand how complex systems evolve in...

Context: Rubella is a disease caused by a virus –rubella virus. Major obstetrics concerns are profound effects of the virus on developing fetuses, which may result in multiple congenital malformations. Although vaccination has reduced the incidence of rubella virus substantially; the world health organization (WHO) estimated that more than 100,000...

Fundamentally, agricultural teacher education programs and their faculty are tasked with preparing competent teachers capable of teaching students enrolled in public schools. As part of their design, an important facet of these programs is ensuring pre-service teachers are ready to provide educational opportunities in aspects of school-based agricu...

The Corinth Coal bed is a recently recognized stratigraphic unit in the lower part of theUpper Pennsylvanian Patoka Formation of the Illinois Basin, located between the underlying ChapelCoal and overlying Womac Coal in Southern Illinois. The Corinth Coal was deposited in one ormore channels in response to a minor glacial cycle; peat accumulation in...

Four collections of Middle Pennsylvanian plant fossils create an opportunity to examine a transect from below the Colchester Coal through the roof shale of the Cardiff (Survant) Coal of the Illinois Basin. The collections come from the Colchester Coal seat earth, the Colchester Coal roof shale (two collections), and the roof shale of the Cardiff Co...