Ice - Science topic

The integration of Phase Change Materials (PCMs) as Cold Thermal Energy Storage (CTES) components represents an important advancement in refrigeration system efficiency. These materials have demonstrated significant capabilities in storing and releasing thermal energy, leading to improved system performance and reduced energy consumption. Conventio...

The traditional automotive industry faces an existential crisis as it grapples with declining internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicle sales, intense competition from agile electric vehicle (EV) startups, and the global push for sustainability. Legacy automakers must transform to remain relevant, adopting advanced artificial intelligence (AI) and r...

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Two of the five largest countries in the world, Canada and Brazil have great geographic differences, but which give them similar difficulties when it comes to integrating remote areas through regular air services. The objective of this article is to draw a comparative axis between the Canadian experience that manages to connect most communities iso...

Soilcrete is an innovative construction material made by combining naturally occurring earth materials with cement. It can be effectively used in areas where other construction materials are not readily available due to financial or environmental reasons since soilcrete is made from readily available natural clay. It can also help to cut down the g...

Asymmetric floating ice blocks can self-propel with significant speeds due to buoyancy driven currents caused by the melting in fresh as well as in salt water. We discuss the propulsion mechanism which may be similar to the propulsion of big icebergs in ocean.

This study examines the multiscale processes leading to three heavy rainfall (HR) episodes over Beijing and its periphery during 19‒21 July 2016. The orographic lifting of lower-tropospheric southeasterly flows of warm-moist air triggered convective lines along the foothills of Mt. Taihang, resulting in HR over the mountainous region during the fir...

Gelişmekte olan ülkeler modernleşebilmek, kapitalizme evrilmek ve yapısal olarak değişebilmek için kalkınma paradigmaları arasında en uygun olanı seçmek zorunda kalmaktadırlar. 1950’lerden 1980’li yılların başlarına kadar gelişmekte olan ülkelerde içe dönük olan ithal ikameci sanayileşme stratejisini savunan Yapısalcı paradigma etkili olmuştur. 198...

Di tengah perkembangan sosial dan teknologi yang pesat, generasi muda dihadapkan pada berbagai tantangan, termasuk bullying dan konsumsi rokok, yang dapat mempengaruhi kualitas hidup mereka secara signifikan. Bullying, baik secara fisik, verbal, maupun sosial, dapat menyebabkan dampak psikologis yang mendalam, seperti penurunan kepercayaan diri dan...

We present an all-electrical, broadband spin-wave spectroscopy study of three-dimensional square artificial spin ices composed of dipolarly coupled ferromagnetic layers of varying thicknesses separated by a non-magnetic spacer. Our experiments, in the saturated regime, reveal that the spin-wave spectra exhibit a strong dependence on both the angle...

Inland river ships navigating in an ice area cannot avoid contact between the propeller and ice block. In addition to ensuring the safety of propeller blades, the fatigue strength of the propulsion shaft system under ice load excitation must also be considered. This paper first studies how to calculate the natural frequency of free torsional vibrat...

Supraglacial lakes (SGLs) are widespread across the Greenland ice sheet and cause transient changes in ice flow. Here, we produce the first annual ice-sheet wide database of maximum summer SGL extents spanning 1985 to 2023 using all July and August Landsat images. Lake visibility percentages were calculated to estimate the uncertainty induced by va...

Objective: This study aims to systematically analyze and screen the main factors affecting injuries of figure skaters and to construct a scientific injury prediction model. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect the basic information of 34 figure skaters from Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Shanghai, including the subjects' gender, startin...

Sea ice motion plays an important role in the seasonal and interannual evolution of the polar sea ice cover. Satellite imagery can be used to track the motion of sea ice via cross-correlation feature tracking algorithms. Such a method has been used for the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) sea ice motion product, based largely on passive mi...

The thermodynamic properties of frozen soil depend on its temperature state and ice content. Additionally, the permeability coefficient significantly affects both the temperature distribution and water movement. In this study, the dynamic variation of soil permeability coefficient with temperature is considered, the permeability coefficient is defi...

Surface nuclear magnetic resonance (SNMR) is a geophysical technique that is directly sensitive to liquid water. In this study, we evaluate the feasibility of SNMR for detecting and characterizing an englacial channel within Rhonegletscher, Switzerland. Building on prior information on Rhonegletscher’s englacial hydrology, we conducted a proof-of-c...

Monitoring river ice is crucial for planning safe navigation routes, with ice-water classification being one of the most important tasks in ice mapping. While high-resolutions satellite imagery, such as synthetic aperture radar (SAR), is well-suited to this task, manual interpretation of these data is challenging due to the large data volume. Machi...

Ice-nucleating particles (INPs) play a crucial role in cloud formation, influencing cloud phase, lifetime, and the onset of precipitation. Consequently, microphysical processes involving INPs strongly affect the radiative properties of clouds. However, when multiple INP counters measure simultaneously, notoriously high deviations between instrument...

Sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) have emerged as promising supplementary for energy storage devices. Among various anode materials, carbon‐based materials have been considered ideal for SIBs due to their excellent electronic conductivity, great mechanical strength, and large surface area. However, the small interlayer distance and slower reaction kineti...

Ice mélange, a composite of sea ice and icebergs, can have a major influence on sea-ice–ocean interactions. However, ice mélange has not been represented in climate models because numerically efficient realizations do not exist. This motivates the development of a prototype of a dynamic hybrid ice-mélange model that we present in this paper. In our...

While exploring the use and visibility of fluorescent tracers for estimating flow velocities under varying water turbidity, this study introduces a technique for estimating suspended sediment concentration (SSC) in water. Laboratory and field experiments were conducted using a dual above/underwater optical camera monitoring system to measure and co...

The unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) remote sensing system, as a versatile and efficient monitoring tool, exhibits unique advantages in monitoring low-temperature rain, snow, and freezing disasters. Equipped with a variety of sensors, it is capable of collecting high-precision data even under extreme climatic conditions, thus addressing the deficienci...

Passive deicing technologies achieved by dynamic superhydrophobic surfaces and slippery substances contribute to widely used anti‐icing. However, the constant status of microstructures cannot cater to the changing environment, meanwhile, the energy barrier needs to be improved. Here, a dynamic superhydrophobic standing‐fiber surface with a three‐le...

The paper considers issues related to modeling thermal and hydrodynamic processes in the "wire – ice shell – air" system that occur during melting of ice on wires. The problem of ice shell growth on the surface of power transmission line wires has been known for a long time, and many works in the field of ice growth control and technical means of c...

Pluto was the first of the Kuiper belt objects to be discovered, and so far, it is the largest trans-Neptunian object. It consists mostly of rock and ice and has a diameter of about 2374 km. Pluto's orbit is quite elongated and has an inclination to the ecliptic plane of 17.1°. At perihelion, it approaches the Sun by almost 29.6 AU, and at aphelion...

In this study, we estimated the spatial distribution of rock glacier velocities and elevation changes over the region of the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. The rock glacier velocities are estimated by using the Differential Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometric (DInSAR) technique. DInSAR is observed as accurate and optimum for rock glacier dy...

We report on the first multi-year kilometre-scale global coupled simulations using ECMWF's Integrated Forecasting System (IFS) coupled to both the NEMO and FESOM ocean–sea ice models, as part of the H2020 Next Generation Earth Modelling Systems (nextGEMS) project. We focus mainly on an unprecedented IFS-FESOM coupled setup, with an atmospheric reso...

Iceberg calving is a major contributor to Greenland’s ice mass loss. Ice mélange, tightly packed sea ice and icebergs, has been hypothesized to buttress the calving fronts. However, quantifying the mélange buttressing force from field observations remains a challenge. Here we show that such quantification can be achieved with a single field measure...

The flow speeds of floating ice shelves around the Antarctic Ice Sheet exhibit clear intra-annual variability. However, the drivers of this variability remain poorly understood. Here, we present three new velocity datasets from Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) stations on the Ross Ice Shelf collected between early 2020 and late 2021 and sh...

This study presents a new near-surface climate and surface mass balance (SMB) product for Antarctica for the historical period (1960–2023) using the updated version of the Regional Atmospheric Climate Model (RACMO), version 2.4p1 (R24). We study the impact of the major updates implemented in R24 on the climate of Antarctica, and show that the SMB,...

Glaesserella parasuis is the etiological agent of Glässer’s disease, which causes high morbidity and mortality in pigs worldwide. Macrolide resistance poses an urgent threat to their treatment, as macrolides are widely used for preventing and treating G. parasuis infections. Here, we determined the susceptibilities to five macrolides and characteri...

Satellite observations provide valuable information on the rapidly increasing marine heatwaves over the Arctic Ocean, yet current assessments of these events lack reliability because the satellite-based temperature in ice-covered regions heavily relies on ice conditions. Here we compared the marine heatwaves derived from two commonly used satellite...

Mars' north polar ice cap features troughs that cut into the ice, exposing subsurface layers of different brightness and topographic expression. Specifically, these layers represent two different stratum types: lower albedo (higher dust content) marker beds, which protrude out of the wall topographically, and higher albedo (i.e., icier) interbeds,...

Troughs carved into Mars' polar ice cap expose layers of different brightness and topography. These layers can be divided into two strata types: darker, higher dust content marker beds and brighter, lower dust content interbeds. In a companion paper (Pascuzzo et al., 2025, https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JE008377), we measure the topographic protrusion...

Although Silicon monoxide (SiO) is regarded as the most promising next‐generation anode material, the large volume expansion, poor conductivity, and low initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE) severely hamper its commercialization application. Designing a multilayer conductive skeleton combined with advanced prelithiation technology is considered an eff...

This study compared the future global climate zones based on four radiative forcings ranging from low‐end (SSP1‐2.6) to high‐end (SSP5‐8.5) using the Köppen‐Geiger climate classification. To reduce uncertainties in future projected precipitation and temperature, multimodel projections comprising 25 general circulation models (GCMs) were sourced fro...

The Raman characterization results of lunar relevant simulants, including liquid water, ice, and organics using NASA Langley developed standoff ultra-compact micro-Raman (SUCR) sensor are presented. The SUCR sensor is designed as an instrument applicable for future lunar surface operations. The SUCR is equipped to be mounted on a lunar lander’s pla...

Stream discharge is often determined by wading the stream and measuring the point velocity at fixed widths and depths. However, there are conditions when wading measurements are not safe or the measurements are poor because of high turbulence, rocky streambeds, non‐standard velocity distributions, shallow or sheet flow, aquatic plants, or inaccessi...

Era modernisasi belajar bukan lagi menjadi kegiatan sehari-hari yang dinikmati oleh para siswa. Siswa malas atau bosan dalam belajar merasa ingin melepaskan kegiatan lain yang menyenangkan dibandingkan dengan kegiatan belajar lainnya, seperti bermain handphone, bermain game online, dan menggangu teman. Kegiatan belajar membutuhkan konsentrasi yang...

Climate change impacts river ice phenomena, influencing ice jam regimes. The complex formation of ice jams, which depends on a combination of morphological and hydrometeorological conditions, varies interannually and between watersheds. This research aims to identify the hydroclimatic conditions, associated with the balance between resisting and di...

High-voltage transmission lines face significant challenges due to environmental exposure, including corona discharge, ice accretion, and corrosion, which impact their durability and operational efficiency. This study investigates the performance of hydrophilic and superhydrophilic organosilane coatings applied to high-voltage wires to address thes...

Background Effect of dynamic lighting on sleep were studied since 1980’s. Traditional light sources were used due to lack of advancement in technology and also researchers assumed illuminance as cause of melatonin suppression. This led researchers to use high illuminance to suppress melatonin at day time. Later, it was discovered that intrinsic pho...

The transition to sustainable mobility is one of the most pressing and complex challenges for the automotive industry, with impacts that extend beyond the mere reduction of emissions. Electric vehicles, while at the center of this evolution, raise questions about the consumption of natural resources, such as lithium, copper, and cobalt, and their l...

The water-exit process of a ventilated vehicle in a floating ice environment involves multi-physics coupling characteristics, including multiphase flow, strong turbulence, cavitating flow, and fluid–structure interaction (FSI), making it a highly nonlinear process. This study employs a two-way FSI algorithm that combines computational fluid dynamic...

In this second edition, Meltzer expands several chapters of his original book published in 2009. The structure is similar but there is a lot of added information on genetics. Many pages cover the historical roots of Paleoindian archaeology and the search for the oldest human presence. The first edition was heavily focused on environmental condition...

The formation of mixed gas hydrates for pre- or post-combustion capture of carbon dioxide is considered a promising alternative to conventional carbon capture technologies. Yet, to keep up with conventional technologies or even reduce the cost of capture associated with them, a hydrate-based technology must have (1) a short induction time, (2) fast...

Present study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding about the cloud microphysical parameters and its association with the Indian Summer Monsoon rainfall over the North West Himalayan (NWH) region using decade-long remotely sensed observations from GPM-GMI and DPR. This study unfolds that clouds with an echo-top height of about 14 km develop...

Ice sheet simulations suffer from vast parametric uncertainties, such as the basal sliding boundary condition or geothermal heat flux. Quantifying the resulting uncertainties in predictions is of utmost importance to support judicious decision-making, but high-fidelity simulations are too expensive to embed within uncertainty quantification (UQ) co...

Icing significantly reduces the electrical performance of insulators, and grid failures caused by insulator icing are common. Currently, most research on the flashover characteristics of insulators under icing conditions focuses on artificially iced suspension insulators, with limited studies on post insulators under natural icing conditions. The s...

Changes in the availability of a subset of aerosol known as ice-nucleating particles (INPs) can substantially alter cloud microphysical and radiative properties. Despite very large spatial and temporal variability in INP properties, many climate models do not currently represent the link between (i) the global distribution of aerosols and INPs and...

Polarimetric Radio Occultation (PRO) concurrently detects heavy precipitation, ice, and the vertical thermodynamic structure inside clouds, enhancing traditional radio occultation measurements. We compare cloud top heights (CTOP) defined as the uppermost altitude at which the polarimetric phase difference between the horizontal and vertical compone...

sel Dinamizmin Görüntüsü: Jackson Pollock Özet İkinci Dünya Savaşı ardından ileri dönemde Amerika'da değişen sanat ortamı, geçmiş akımların birikimlerini ve etkisini yapısal anlamda içerisinde bulundururken, sanatçılar da kendine özgü bir yeni sanat dilleri geliştirmiş, kompozisyon, teknik ve var olan plastik değerlerin dışına çıkarak somutlaşmış b...

Much of the initiation of ice particles in deep precipitating clouds has been attributed to Secondary Ice Production (SIP). Fragmentation during collisions among particles of ice precipitation is one of the known SIP processes. Some recent studies have used our theoretical formulation of this SIP process in the cloud microphysics scheme of numerica...

Background Effect of dynamic lighting on sleep were studied since 1980’s. Traditional light sources were used due to lack of advancement in technology and also researchers assumed illuminance as cause of melatonin suppression. This led researchers to use high illuminance to suppress melatonin at day time. Later, it was discovered that intrinsic pho...

This work presents a non-intrusive reduced-order modeling framework for dynamical systems with spatially localized features characterized by slow singular value decay. The proposed approach builds upon two existing methodologies for reduced and full-order non-intrusive modeling, namely Operator Inference (OpInf) and sparse Full-Order Model (sFOM) i...

This study aims to explain the impact of intellectual capital in sustainable performance for a sample of telecommunication corporations listed on the Iraqi Stock Exchange. Our research sample included Asia Cell for 2012–2023, as use models for measuring intellectual capital Public (2000) and developed in models MVAIC, and this includes six for capi...

Elemental abundances, particularly the C/O ratio, are seen as a way to connect the composition of planetary atmospheres with planet formation scenario and the disc chemical environment. We model the chemical composition of gas and ices in a self-gravitating disc on timescales of 0.5 Myr since its formation to study the evolution of C/O ratio due to...

Global warming plays a central role in the decline of Arctic sea ice, but the mechanisms remain debated. This study investigates the relationship between Sea Ice Area (SIA) and Sea Surface Temperature (SST) in the Arctic Ocean, analyzing satellite remote sensing data from 1982 to 2023. Results indicate that SST is a primary factor contributing to t...

The USA is expanding its wind energy fleet offshore where winds tend to be strong and consistent. In the mid-Atlantic, strong winds, which promote convective heat transfer and wind-generated sea spray, paired with cold temperatures can cause ice on equipment when plentiful moisture is available. Near-surface icing is induced by a moisture flux from...

Ice storage changes in the active layer is the key for understanding the ground thermal regime (latent heat effects) and the permafrost-groundwater connectivity (routing of water through the permafrost). Hydro-geodesy, the joint measurement of Earth's shape and gravity field, is a geophysical technique to quantify groundwater storage changes that u...

In three-dimensional space an electron moving in the field of a magnetic monopole has no bound states. In this paper we explore the physics when the electron is restricted to a two-dimensional plane adjacent to a magnetic monopole. We find bound states in the classical version of the problem and quasi-bound states in the quantum one, in addition to...