IT Architecture - Science topic

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Dear All,

Many thanks for your advice.

Actually, it fit to what I need.

Regards

Aryan Shahabian Maryam Ashkan Dirk H. R. Spennemann John Allan Fidler Loes Veldpaus

when there is no need for formally verified architecture

Dear Sanjay. I tried to find the tribalengineering ICTL toolkit, but it seems that no link works. How can I get it?

Systemigrams are arbitrary influence diagrams designed with SystemiTool, a non-open source application. They offer a way to visualize a system, but are highly user dependent. In other words, if you had 20 stakeholders design a systemigram of a system, you would likely get around 30 different visualizations. Therefore, its optimal use is for visualizing stakeholder perspective.

As a systems analysis tool, Systemigrams do not provide an improvement over classic influence diagrams; depend heavily on the Jay Forrester school of system dynamics (whose adherents like to refer to it as "systems thinking," a bastardization of Russell Ackoff's use of the term); and, as noted, are not an open-source application so the benefit is to those selling licenses. Systemigrams are promoted as system visualization tools as they do not provide workable models of dynamic systems that could be used in an analysis of alternative solutions. They basically provide a pretty picture.

A system analyst has many more useful tools available depending on the nature of the system. Bayesian belief networks, Ishikawa diagrams, and, if the five-sided wind tunnel is sponsoring your work, SysML.

Good question John, smart cities apply Smart Solutions to infrastructure and services in area-based development in order to make them better. For example, making Areas less vulnerable to disasters, using fewer resources, and providing cheaper services. Best wishes for your project

MIMO can indeed be used in GSM. There were plenty of measurement campaigns in the 1990s where multiuser MIMO (then called SDMA) was demonstrated. There are papers that describe these results. I am not sure if anything made it into the standard, or if it was simply an add on. MIMO GSM didn't take off because the tehcnolgy was not really needed at that time to multiplex users. 

Hi Chentan Bulla,

The approach I have seen in the past with Openstack is to have one or more dedicated monitoring VMs. This is expensive. Their size depends on how big the Openstack deployment. This is for rapid high performance debugging, not really for operational performance. is this of any help?

RoyK

Thank u 

Thank you once again!

Hello, Have you ever seen the following journal?

Hi,

For analysis of spatial relationships in three dimensions you may use the 

following link http://bmcneurosci.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2202-9-68

An interesting overview of nearest neighbor methods in high dimensional spaces

may be found at http://www.vldb.org/conf/2000/P506.pdf

And, finally, a good PhD thesis on spatial statistics of 3D point processes is located at

Hope this helps.

You are welcome @Lanka Sejaphala

There is also an example in the Centre for Children with Autism in Athens, by SynThesis architects and the use of light to minimise the disruption of the melatonin mehechanism at children with Autism. There is a paper from a Cambridge conference but unfortunately most of the material was in the ppt presentation. However, I could sent you more details and pictures if you are interested.

Also a leading example of natural light is the case of Evelyna in London (which is very interesting as lately has negative press for sustainability). But from therapeutic perspective, it has an amazing ambience. You have also to look at the work of Catherine Zeliotis (former Avanti Architects now stantec) for cancer centres for children. 

Let me know if you need something. Filia sti Fani, apo Lia!

thanks Maryam. For some reason yesterday I could not see the links in my tablet.

regards

Luis

Solid State data recorders for space use employ static RAM. DDRs are dynamic RAM whose cells are made of single transistor and hence are vulnerable to cosmic ray destruction. NAND flash can be used as they are Read/Write memory and do not require power for data retention.

There are a lot of good books about Russian architecture of the end of 19th and the beginning of 20th centuries in Russian. In English – see:

William C. Brumfield. The Origins of Modernism in Russian Architecture. University of California Press, 1991; Dmitry Shvidkovsky. Russian Architecture and the West. Yale University Press, 2007.

If I am not mistaken, A.J. Toynbee wrote about Russian heritage in Harbin: A.J. Toynbee. A Journey to China, or the Things which Are Seen. London, 1931

Dear Christine,

Many Thanks for your feedback , I appreciate your response.

Best regards

dear Flex,

please check the pdf

This is an interesting question.

For very  recent consideration of incomplete hypercubes, see Section 4 in

and Section 3 in

There at least WAS - the Connection Machines, CM-1, CM-2, and CM-200. Whether there are any such architectures built today I do not know.

In my mind, the incomplete h-cube architecture works meant to exploit the cube as component may fail and the structure loses its perfect cube nature (so one design algorithms overcoming the structure failures during repair time; one does not want local failure to make the entire architecture down!!)

I model systems with pen and paper.

 In page no. 381 of Parallel Processing from Applications to Systems By Dan I. Moldovan(I attached the page), I saw that To support I/O activities, the NCUBE/ten is equiped with eight front-end host processor boards, each board directly connected to a set of 128 nodes. My question is whether each host  is directly connected to each of 128 nodes or some of the 128 nodes.  Ya I understood that The processing elements are connected to each other through a hypercube interconnected network but I want to know that whether they are directly connected to host. If it is not please give some references for that.

I attached some papers related to application of connected dominating set to wireless sensor networks. You are correct. Here the notion of covering codes not related to source coding. It is related to finding malfunctioning processors in multiprocessor system. The corresponding study is Identifying codes. Identifying code is a covering code with one more condition. Also I attached some papers relating to Identifying code

Thank you everyone for the knowledge provided 

A DMA will break up its job into many short bus requests and issue sequential bus "transactions" that are a burst-length long (usually long enough to efficiently utilize DDR, but not so long as to hold off other parts of the system too long, such as the CPU) until its full task is completed.  Each of these transactions are arbitrated for control of the bus with other requesters.  So, a CPU will also be requesting access to the bus for its transactions (usually the size of a cache line) and they simply take turns at a transaction level.  Each requestor "owns" the bus only during its transaction, but then has to wait for the arbitration scheme to give it access again.  This gives the perception that many things are flowing concurrently through the system even though they are actually tightly interleaved.

A well-designed system will have enough capacity in the bus and low-latency access to memory that each requestor gets enough throughput to meet its individual needs, even when the system is relatively "busy".

A good foundation on architectural view is discussed in Software architectures by Shaw and Garlan. 

I think this paper would help you sir.

you can find its application in RADAR receiver. to supress Eco from clutter.

This landscape of architecture in IOT from device to application.

Hi Zaid,

A reference architecture is different of a reference model. So, commonly a reference architecture for specific domain, can be created based on a reference model or reusing parts of other reference architectures.

It exists domain independet reference architectures that  are focused in technological domains (e.g., OASIS is a reference architecture to build SOA-based software systems).

I consider that OASIS could be a good example for your question, because it has been used to create SOA-based reference architectures for specific domains, that in turn are instantiated to create software architectures for such domain. 

NS2 is primarly meant for simulation of WAN ( i.e routing, multicast, latency etc .. )

IMS is primarly network agnostic ( i.e It could use WAN, LAN, WiMAX, GPRS, DSL .. etc). It doesn't care about the underlying network, as long as its based on IP. If you need to simulate IMS core, try this : http://www.openimscore.org/.  On the other hand, if you want to simulate the network behaviour between 2 IMS CORE using NS2 and Openimscore you can read/follow the procedures on how to install/configure openimscore & ns2 from their respective sites and you can find the procedures at these URLs http://www.openimscore.org/installation_guide and http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/. 

best regards

When Node C works to converge ACEs, it can be regarded as a convergence gateway to execute the cooperative multiple-radio resource managements (CM-RRM) and media independent handover (MIH) functionalities, and the functionalities of traditional radio network controller (RNC) and BS controller (BSC) can be embodied into Node C. When Node C is used to manage RRHs, it acts as the BBU pool, which is inherited from C-RANs. In addition, Node C has a powerful computing capabilities to execute the large-scale cooperative signal processing in the physical layer and large-scale cooperative networking in the upper layers. To provide a high-rate, low-overhead and less cochannel interference wireless services at higher spectrum without loss of reliability and flexibility, a C/U plane split configuration is proposed, whose Cplane is supported by Macro eNB with the superior lower but limited spectrum to guarantee the reliability of the control information, while high-rate transmission of user traffic data is provided by Phantom eNB with the adequate but inferior higher spectrum within the

small cell. Both the control zone signalling and the L1/L2/L3 signalling, carried by PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel) and scheduled by PDCCH

(Physical Downlink Control Channel) in data zone of LTE downlink sub-frame, belong to the C-plane information.

Thank you!

Sounds very interesting. Look forward. 

Good luck!

I am developing a  distributed  middleware  architecure for sensor devices implementing  the functionality of device discovery /detection, changing  device mode for power saving. In short , the question is "how to validate the architecture on NFR attributes" ?

To my experience, yes.

I highly encourage a process view on the whole: define your main end-to-end processes, monitor their KPI´s (both business KPI´s as well as IT KPI´s), make those KPI´s transparent in real time. Example: business KPI could be the time needed for a request; technical KPI, could be the various timings from interface to interface.

Contact me if you need more ideas.

Please have a look at the following project at opencores.org which tries to do the same. You can also download the source files. 

There is no standard presentation for fixed point numbers. Fixed point numbers are merely presented as integer numbers, where certain number of bits is assigned to the fractional part and the rest for the integer part. Read the information part of the link which I included and you will get idea.

You can add copy the files in this project to your project so that you can use them within your project as well.

Advantage, it allows dynamic network communication and makes management more seamless. Disadvantages, the controller if compromised or brought down can be detrimental to the virtual network and as with any form of virtualization, there may be performance impact.

Dear Dr. Pankaj, Nice to see you. What specific application you are looking for ?

Best wishes

P.K.Bhatnagar

Someone has implemented dcell, fat-tree and 3-tier tree on NS3. Please see https://www.ndsu.edu/pubweb/~bilal/DCN-Sim.html. Enjoy it!

Backpropagation is a popular and most used method for training MLP neural networks. The following link explains clearly how BP  works. It has all the equations you want and also presents an example with actual numbers for one epoch.

I would also suggest http://www.iot-icore.eu/public-deliverables

BR

if your websystem is built keeping in mind all kind of scaling, then yes.

I suggest make some measurements of internal and external websystem traffic load, node CPU load , mysql DB load. Maybe that helps you get light in. You need to find the bottleneck of your websystem. If You got it You can increase the performance of websystem. Try to bring Your test on one of the websystem node. Then You`ll see the behavior of the websystem node, how many requests the node can serve, etc.

As I understand the concept of super-peer architecture, it is completely feasible. I did work with resource assignment in cloud-computing and the concept I manage to complete this idea was using routing tables. Instead of having routes you can add resources to your tables and keep them updated.

Thank you for the reply.

Following website is good to understand what's happening between modules:

obviously,light metals like aluminium are more resilent and environmental friendly when compared to bitumen but the context in which u would use these materials is not clear.

Hi Ines, It is an interesting question. It would be even better if we had some examples or diagrams here to illustrate the issue. I teach (and do) systems modeling and many of of my students also do context diagrams, aside from data models, process models and object models. My general answer would be yes, it is sometimes possible to have the same concept in different models. If something is in the business context model but is  also a major entity that we want to record detailed data on, yes, it would make sense to have it in the data or database model as well. Location related data, for example, can be quite detailed. Best wishes and good luck with your work. 

It is a foundamental question and usually answered in first few years of Architectural School as far as I can remember.

Refer to your given example, look at any example created by mother of nature like, human body, or a plant and see it for yourself. In the course caled "Human, Nature and Architecture" the main topic was to address such consepts for students and help them to understand that Architecture is not an isolated fact. It should be treated as transforming and aging fenamena which has roots to societies, cultures, building science, technology, climate, economy, poletics and so on.

What were the original purposes of places like the caves of Lascaux, the pyramids in Egypt, the buildings of the Mayas, the original Buddhist inspired buildings in the East compared to their current use? Tourism, or not tourism?

A simple google search on 'broadwell processor specs' gives many references.  You could start with the wikipedia entry, or just go to the Intel website.

check this link

Hi Fahad,

I also have no idea to do this implementation

You have to have very good test bench with 100% coverage and generate VCD or equivalent file. Now perform the power analysis by including VCD, it will give better power power estimation.

I assume you're trying to build a router? You may find some useful ideas here:

There are a variety of communications cores in VHDL, Verilog and SystemC, licensed under various open source licenses, that may have elements of what you are looking for; you can probably build on some of these, or at least have a look at the implementations to see how they work.

Some of the papers on planning ad policy-making discourse I have posted on Academia.edu and my LinkedIn page, as well as my Wordpress Blog http://abbeboulah.com/ address this very issue, (haven't gotten around to post all those on RG yet). Also, my book "The Fog Island Argument" (XLibris 2009) (In German, as e-book titled 'Das Planungsargument' at CIANDO.

You can use zachman framework basically. But for best performance you need customize the zachman framework for your company. It needs to have experience on different software development projects. On this situation you must know the problems and detail requirements of software development challenges.

before exporting/importing the file it is better to re-check all the requirement and the procedure of export/import. It is to minimize the mess up. Export/import between Revit (arch, structure, MEP) maybe works (sometime) but to another vendor it is a big question. It is probably need software from a single vendor.