IEC - Science topic

In the context of Industry 4.0, ensuring the compatibility of digital twins (DTs) with existing software systems in the manufacturing sector presents a significant challenge. The Asset Administration Shell (AAS), conceptualized as the standardized DT for an asset, offers a powerful framework that connects the DT with the established software infras...

To ensure the statistical independency of the measured samples in a reverberation chamber, the rotation angle of the stirrers should be larger than the correlated angle. When measuring the correlated angle, according to IEC 61000-4-21:2011, the rotation angle of each step should be small and the measurement time for a whole round could be quite lon...

El presente documento examina cómo la implementación de un Sistema de Gestión de Seguridad de la Información (SGSI) ha influido significativamente en los procesos de gobernanza y gestión de Tecnologías de la Información (TI) en la Universidad Estatal Amazónica (UEA). El análisis se enfoca en la implementación de un SGSI basado en estándares interna...

Evaporative cooling systems have evolved as highly effective greenhouse-control solutions, particularly in hot and dry places such as Multan, Pakistan. This chapter evaluates the performance of direct (DEC) and indirect evaporative cooling systems (IEC) for an asymmetric greenhouse using TRNSYS software. The performance of the systems was assessed...

In the digital era, cybersecurity has emerged as a critical challenge for organizations worldwide, underscored by high-profile breaches such as the 2017 Equifax data breach. This research explores the organizational and leadership aspects of cybersecurity governance by integrating agency theory and organizational learning theory. By examining the r...

The heterointerfaces between perovskite and charge-transporting layers pose a major limitation to the durability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), largely due to complex and conflicting chemical and mechanical interactions. Here we introduce an effective debonding technique to thoroughly analyse heterointerface behaviour during both crystal growth...

In recent decades, standardisation has become crucial in Industrial Automation Systems, promoting interoperability among devices from different manufacturers. Nonetheless, the portability of manufacturing engineering tools continues to present a significant challenge. AutomationML (IEC 62714 -5) has played a role in formulating strategies that leve...

Calculated and measured motor and converter losses are compared using the example of a four-pole asynchronous motor with a rated output of 110 kW, operated on a standard converter. The determination of the motor losses using the polynomial approach to describe the motor losses in the field weakening range shows a clear deviation from the measuremen...

Critical infrastructure sectors are increasingly vulnerable to sophisticated cyber threats that can disrupt essential services and impact national security. This research provides a comprehensive review of existing cybersecurity risk management frameworks-including NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology), ISO/IEC 27000 (International...

In recent decades, leading companies and research groups have extensively conducted Multi-physics computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analyses to evaluate temperature rise in switchgear systems, aiming to meet type-testing requirements specified in IEC standards. However, the complex interaction of geometrical and operational parameters presents sig...

Throughout gestation, the female body undergoes a series of transformations, including profound alterations in intestinal microbial communities. Changes gradually increase toward the end of pregnancy and comprise reduced α-diversity of microbial communities and an increased propensity for energy harvest. Despite the importance of the intestinal mic...

The aim of the article is an indication the scope of the implementation of temporal data support for valid time in the IBM Db2 environment and determining the degree of compliance of this implementation with the provisions on temporal extensions of the SQL language of the ISO/IEC 9075 standard in the SQL: 2011 version, as well as to present possibi...

Bifaciality is a common approach to increase the power output of photovoltaic devices by capturing a higher portion of the available irradiance. The combination of bifacial and tandem architecture gained significant attention in recent years. However, their accurate characterization remains challenging, hindering device comparisons and the assessme...

The rapid popularity of the Internet of Things (IoT) has brought huge technological advancements, but it has also been accompanied by serious security and privacy challenges. In order to address these challenges, this article explores the integration of the Digital Evidence Forensic Standard Operating Procedure (DEFSOP) with the ISO 27400:2022 and...

The rapid growth of big data analytics has heightened concerns about data privacy, necessitating the development of advanced privacy-preserving techniques. This research addresses the challenge of optimizing privacy-preserving data mining (PPDM) for big data analytics through the innovative application of deep reinforcement learning (DRL). We propo...

The off-grid photovoltaic (OGPV) system, also referred to as a stand-alone power system, generates electricity from solar energy independently of the main electricity grid. However, photovoltaic (PV) modules face limitations in consistently providing the necessary voltage. Thus, a DC-DC converter is employed to adjust the voltage to match the requi...

This research presents an automated voltage regulation system crucial for a power input test of electric irons based on SNI IEC 60335-2-3 clause 11.4. The system is designed with an Arduino-based proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control mechanism to augment voltage stability and meet the standard requirement. The system comprises a microcontr...

Stress and increased education are two factors that put college students' mental health at danger. Substance abuse, mental health problems, and dietary status are related in ways that have an impact on cumulative effects as well as individual health consequences. For a better campus atmosphere, preventative interventions like mental health care and...

The mechanism of THz generation in ferromagnet/metal (F/M) bilayers has been typically ascribed to the inverse spin Hall effect (ISHE). Here, we fabricated Pt/Fe/Cr/Fe/Pt multilayers containing two back-to-back spintronic THz emitters separated by a thin ( t Cr ≤ 3nm) wedge-shaped Cr spacer. In such an arrangement, magnetization alignment of the tw...

A membrane is the powerhouse of a fuel cell, and it is responsible for transport of ions from anode to cathode, thereby producing electricity in the process. In this work, a series of anion exchange membranes based on imidazolium‐quaternized poly(2,6‐dimethyl‐1,4‐phenylene oxide) (ImPPO) functionalized with different wt.% of zeolitic imidazolate fr...

Introducción: En la actualidad, hay toda una perspectiva de aceptación o rechazo del uso de la Inteligencia Artificial (IA) en la educación. De ahí, surge el planteamiento de integrar la IA en plataformas educativas virtuales. Metodología: El estudio plantea una investigación aplicada del uso de una plataforma educativa virtual con IA (Pv-IA) para...

Quaternary ammonium functionalized covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have great potential to enhance hydroxide transport owing to crystalline ordered 1D nanochannels, however, suffer from limited quaternary ammonium functional monomers and poor membrane‐forming ability. In this work, a novel aminopropyl quaternary ammonium‐functionalized COF (DCOF...

The climate emergency has imposed a new agenda in the scope of international relations, bringing to regulation the need to reconcile fields of knowledge that are different from each other, such as law, the study of energy, issues of an economic, political and social nature, with multiple interests, agendas, claims that need to be modulated, not in...

Owing to their well‐defined crystalline pore structures and ordered functional ionic groups along the skeleton, ionic covalent organic frameworks (iCOFs) exhibit excellent performance and have significant potential for use in energy storage and conversion devices. Herein, we for the first time developed cationic phosphonium COFs with high hydroxide...

The TEMPO‐oxidized cellulose nanofibril (CNF) membrane is combined with sulfonated poly(ether imide) (SPEI) using the solution impregnation method to enhance its proton exchange membrane properties. SPEI solutions with different sulfonation levels, SPEI1, SPEI2, SPEI4, and SPEI5, are prepared by adjusting the acetyl sulfate to PEI mole ratios from...

The Indonesian government has set a target to achieve net zero emissions (NZE) by 2060, part of which involves converting gas stoves to induction stoves for 8.2 million households by 2025. This initiative not only aims to reduce carbon emissions but also to decrease reliance on imported Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG), easing the strain on the state...

This paper proposes an update to the Brazilian Air Force's directive DCA 400-6, incorporating principles from the Ministry of Defense's MD 40-M-01 and integrating System Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA) into the lifecycle management framework for aerospace systems. The comparative analysis reveals that the MD 40-M-01 emphasizes continuous improvem...

Industri produk perikanan dan kelautan dituntut selalu menjalankan sistem jaminan mutu dan keamanan produk pangan sebagai langkah mencegah dan mengendalikan mulai dari pra-produksi hingga pendistribusian untuk menghasilkan produk berkualitas, berstandar mutu, serta aman di konsumsi manusia. Kehadiran laboratorium pengujian terakreditasi SNI ISO/IEC...

BACKGROUND Intracranial epidermoid cyst (IEC) transformation to malignant squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is extremely rare, and its etiology is yet unknown. Currently, SCC is treated by performing surgery, followed by a combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. It is crucial to identify efficient and trustworthy therapeutic targets for SCC to im...

Protecting AC microgrids (MGs) is a challenging task due to their dual operating modes—grid-connected and islanded—which cause sudden variations in fault currents. Traditional protection methods may no longer ensure network security. This paper presents a novel approach to protection coordination in AC MGs using non-standard features of directional...

In order to reduce manufacturing costs, the design of silicon-based solar modules is changing from a super-multi-busbar design to a zero-busbar (0BB) design. In this study, two different 0BB technologies based on heterojunction with intrinsic thin-layer solar cells—conventional soldering, and Integrated Film Covering (IFC)—were investigated. IFC-ba...

A construction methodology for the CPPS testbed is proposed. This testbed is used to mimic the actual operations of power systems such as a manual open/close circuit breaker or an automatic tripping protection relay under fault scenarios. The communication protocol, IEC 61850 GOOSE, is integrated into the CPPS testbed. The methodology of transmiss...

This article studies the transformative potential of integrating advanced artificial intelligence (AI) technologies into supply chain cybersecurity systems, meticulously aligned with the National Institute of Standards and Technology’s (NIST) Cybersecurity Supply Chain Risk Management (C-SCRM) framework. By addressing the increasing complexity of g...

This article introduces a robust metaverse forensic framework designed to facilitate the investigation of cybercrime within the dynamic and complex digital metaverse. In response to the growing potential for nefarious activities in this technological landscape, the framework is meticulously developed and aligned with international standardization,...

Overview Consumer electronics, innovative quantum technologies, and Internet of Things applications all rely on semiconductors, where reliable characterisation of electrical properties at the nanoscale is essential for European innovation and competitiveness. The measurement of these properties allows the evaluation of critical parameters used to d...

The consumption of high-fat diets (HFD) and an imbalance in gut microbiome are linked to obesity. However, the intricate connection between them and the underlying mechanisms involved in lipid digestion and absorption remain largely unclear. This study shows that after 12 weeks of HFD feeding, C57BL/6J mice exhibit two distinct metabolic phenotypes...

In the new era of the vigorous development of digitalization and intelligence, digital technology has widely penetrated various fields. International authoritative standardization bodies, such as the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), proposed a timely new standard concept c...

In the context of ensuring information security (cybersecurity) of enterprises and critical infrastructure institutions, which include state enterprises (institutions) providing services for metrological support, conformity assessment, and standardization, the development of systemology and the implementation of an information security management s...

Currently, mMIMO (massive Multiple Input Multiple Output) antennas with beamforming are primarily used in 5G NR (New Radio) in the sub-6 GHz range at 3.5 GHz (Frequency Range 1, FR1). The assessment of the theoretical or actual maximum of human exposure to RF field strength or power density according to international standard IEC 62232:2022 is sign...

Objetivo: Relatar a experiência de desenvolvimento e implantação de um sistema de informação, abordando as necessidades, desafios, perspectivas dos envolvidos e a avaliação da qualidade do software e maturidade institucional. Método: Trata-se de um estudo de aplicação tecnológica com abordagem descritiva, quantitativa e qualitativa. Resultados: Ent...

Performing measurements and compiling a power matrix (IEC 61853-1) is a useful tool for illustrating the energy production of a PV module at different levels of irradiance and temperature. At the European Solar Test Installation (ESTI) a steady-state solar simulator can be used to determine these matrices. The steady-state solar simulator irradiate...

Introducción: La industria 4.0 ha revolucionado los sistemas industriales con tecnologías como IoT, IA y CPS, lo que ha impulsado el rediseño de los sistemas mecatrónicos. Sin embargo, la implementación de estas tecnologías requiere la aplicación adecuada de normativas internacionales para garantizar su seguridad y eficiencia. Objetivos: Este artíc...

Citation: Ramírez, J.D.; Pozo, D.; Novoa, E.; Medina, J.; Chamorro, W.O.; Ramírez, D.V.; Paca, V.; Valenzuela, A. Estimation of the Current Uncertainty in the Dielectric Shoe Test According to the ISO/IEC 17025 Standard in the High Voltage Laboratory LABAV of the Escuela Politécnica Nacional. Eng. Proc. 2024, 77, 21. https://doi.org/10.3390/ Abstra...

Storing security records in a desk drawer does not qualify an individual as a security custodian, as this practice fails to meet the comprehensive responsibilities required of the role. A security custodian is entrusted with safeguarding sensitive information through structured processes, established security protocols, and vigilant risk management...

Objective: The data regarding drug utilization in dermatology departments of southern parts of India is limited. Recent studies on drug utilization in dermatology across India, reported high prescription of branded drugs, low adoption of essential drugs and polypharmacy. Hence, this study was conducted to analyze the drug utilization pattern for co...

International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standards for testing and calibration laboratories are known as ISO/IEC17025:2017, which is the standard for laboratory certification. The testing laboratory's accreditation, the methods of execution, and the tangible advantages of working with...

Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer, enabling tumor cells to meet the high energy and biosynthetic demands required for their proliferation. High mobility group A1 (HMGA1) is a structural transcription factor and frequently overexpressed in human colorectal cancer (CRC). Here, we show that HMGA1 promotes CRC progression by driving lipid...

Numerous obstacles hinder the emergence of new medical technologies stemming from research. One of the primary challenges in technology transfer is the time and effort required to comply with regulations. In this context, evaluating the maturity of medical technologies becomes essential, but it poses a significant challenge.Methods for assessing te...

Background/Objectives: Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius are major opportunistic pathogens in both humans and dogs. In pets, the dissemination of methicillin-resistant isolates (MRSA or MRSP) is problematic for the treatment of animals and is a public health issue due to their zoonotic potential. MRSA and MRSP may also harbo...

El Programa de Rondas Interlaboratorios de Análisis de Alimentos (PRIDAA) fue diseñado y desarrollado entre los años 1998 y 2023 por el Centro Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos - CITA, de la Universidad de Costa Rica, para ofrecer un programa accesible de ensayos de aptitud en química de alimentos a laboratorios de Latinoamérica. El pro...

This paper describes a new version of the IV-PSNR software, developed for the effective objective quality assessment of immersive video. Version 7.1 includes the calculation of structural similarity between compared sequences using the IV-SSIM metric, designed to properly handle the unique characteristics of immersive video, as well as the classic...

Background Adolescences/youth (A/Y) make the transition to adulthood in good health, but there are particular public health challenges within this age group, such as injuries from accidents or violence, mental health problems, problems from substance use, problems from undernutrition and overnutrition, endemic diseases (e.g. malaria), and sexual an...

The government of Bangladesh has initiated Adolescent Friendly Health Services (AFHS) at health facilities to improve access of adolescents to quality health care. This study aimed to document the AFHS program experiences and interventions implemented in four districts of Bangladesh. The study adopted review of literature, relevant project document...

Indirect evaporative cooling (IEC), which utilizes natural cooling sources, is an advanced and promising technology to reduce the energy consumption of cooling systems in a data center (DC). This study presents a model of an IEC air-conditioning unit in a DC using TRNSYS simulation software validated using actual operational data to investigate the...

The IEC 61853 standard series define the Climatic Specific Energy Rating (CSER), which can be used within the photovoltaic (PV) community as a reliable and accurate tool to differentiate between PV modules performance for different reference climates. The CSER is assumed to represent the expected PV device operation under real-world conditions. The...

Os modelos de gestão das organizações têm passado principalmente a partir de 1990, por fortes processos de inovação tecnológica, impulsionados pelo aceleramento da globalização. Executivos e gestores necessitam de soluções rápidas diante de um mundo cada vez mais globalizado. Neste contexto, a Gestão da Segurança da Informação, a qual exerce um pa...

Background: The role of primary caregiver is crucial in providing care to primigravida mothers in improving health by supporting breastfeeding. According to UNICEF poor nutrition taken by lactating mother is more affecting on infants as well as mothers health. Caregivers are most responsible for provision of postnatal care at hospital and at home t...

Consumer demand for fast, accurate, and precise information has accelerated the adoption of information technology (IT) as a strategic tool in this era of globalization. The implementation of IT governance in public services plays an important role in improving efficiency, productivity, and service quality, by meeting community needs effectively. T...

Disseminating up-to-date information on dengue mosquito habitats aided by modern GIS approach would yield benefits to people being informed on the localized developments of the vector and therefore reduce people’s risk of being affected by the disease. This paper discusses the development of this monitoring and sensing mechanism through a Web-based...

Serendipitous learning, characterized by the discovery of new insights and unexpected connections, is recognized as a valuable educational experience that stimulates critical thinking and self-regulated learning. While there have been limited efforts to develop serendipity-oriented recommender systems in education, these systems often fall short in...

Resumen: Para construir arquitecturas de referencias en el ámbito de la industrialización de software se utilizaron los elementos planteados por el enfoque de Líneas de Productos de Software (LPS) integrados en Fábricas de Software como primer enfoque central, que en su etapa de Ingeniería de Dominio (ID), contempla dos disciplinas: Análisis del Do...

Substation Automation Systems (SAS) that adhere to the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 61850 standard have already been widely implemented across various on-site local substations. However, the digitalization of substations, which involves the use of cyber system, inherently increases their vulnerability to cyberattacks. This paper...

Perlindungan dan pengaman pada bangunan gedung sangat dibutuhkan terhadap sambaran petir. Gedung Kuliah Terpadu Kampus UIN Imam Bonjol Padang di Sungai Bangek yang konstruksi bangunannya berada pada daerah ketinggian di kawasan perbukitan. Untuk itu diperlukan sistem proteksi petir eksternal guna melindungi gedung dari sambaran petir secara langsun...

Prospective brides are a crucial group as early determinants in optimizing the First 1000 Days of Life period, which is essential in the effort to reduce stunting. They are a priority target for mentoring and reporting, serving as a foundation for maximizing the implications of this critical period. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of...

Geospatial technologies present a significant opportunity to assess solar photovoltaic (PV) power potential through remote sensing techniques and geospatial analysis. This aligns with the goal of ensuring access to affordable, reliable, and sustainable energy, one of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) that the Philippine National Economic and...

Perlindungan dan pengaman pada bangunan gedung sangat dibutuhkan terhadap sambaran petir. Gedung Kuliah Terpadu Kampus UIN Imam Bonjol Padang di Sungai Bangek yang konstruksi bangunannya berada pada daerah ketinggian di kawasan perbukitan. Untuk itu diperlukan sistem proteksi petir eksternal guna melindungi gedung dari sambaran petir secara langsun...

This study evaluates the vulnerability of aquifers in Enugu and its surrounding areas to contamination, using the IEC, GOD, and DRASTIC models. Additionally, soil corrosivity is assessed through resistivity measurements from 85 soundings conducted with the ABEM 4000 Terrameter. The IEC model classifies 88% of the area as extremely high vulnerabilit...

Since 1981, the French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission has been measuring the dosimeters of the surveillance capsules of the French pressurized water reactors and assessing their neutron fluence. This represents more than 250 surveillance PWR capsules, i.e. 4 thousands dosimeters. Started in Grenoble, this work continued in Cadara...

Earthquakes are among the major hazards that lead to economic loss every year. Rapid damage assessment is essential for a more efficient disaster response. The 2023 Surigao del Sur earthquake in the Philippines with moment magnitude (Mw) 7.4 occurred on December 2, 2023, with Hinatuan as the nearest municipality located 12 km south of the epicenter...

In this review, my aim is to provide criticism and suggestions to Mohammad Parhamr's article[1]. In the future works, I will also examine the rest of his articles .[2-15] Introduction and Problem Statement The primary issue addressed in this article pertains to the risks posed by lightning to photovoltaic (PV) power plants. These plants are extensi...