Science topics: GeoscienceHydrology
Science topic
Hydrology - Science topic
Hydrology is the study of the movement, distribution, and quality of water on Earth and other planets, including the hydrologic cycle, water resources and environmental watershed sustainability.
Questions related to Hydrology
2024 10th International Conference on Advances in Energy Resources and Environment Engineering (ICAESEE 2024), will be held on December 20-22, 2024 in Changsha, China.
Conference Website: https://ais.cn/u/eY7F7f
---Call for papers---
The topics of interest for submission include, but are not limited to:
- Environmental Science and Environmental Engineering
· Environmental chemistry and Biology
· Environmental protection materials
· Environmental safety and health
· Environmental planning and assessment
· Environmental analysis and monitoring
......
- Exploration and Utilization of Resources and Sustainable Development
· Mineral Resources and Mining Engineering
· Oil and Gas Resources Engineering
· Metallurgical Engineering
· Machines and Equipments for Resource Processing
· Hydrology and Water Resources Engineering
......
- Energy Economy and Management
· Energy Development and Environmental Protection
· Energy Industry Economy
· Energy Strategy Management
· Energy Industry and Urban Development
· Energy Enterprise Management
......
---Publication---
All paper will be reviewed by committees of the conference. All accepted full papers will be selected and published on Proceedings and submitted to EI Compendex and Scopus for indexing.
---Important Dates---
Full Paper Submission Date: December 4, 2024
Registration Deadline: December 11, 2024
Full Paper Submission Date: December 16, 2024
Conference Dates: December 20-22, 2024
--- Paper Submission---
Please send the full paper(word+pdf) to Submission System:
Book Title: Reimaging Indian Rivers for Sustainability
Book Theme: The rivers of India, vital lifelines that support agriculture, industry, and drinking water needs, are facing unprecedented challenges due to climate change and human activities of the Anthropocene. The impact of rising temperatures, altered precipitation patterns, and increasing frequency of extreme weather events is profoundly affecting the geomorphology, hydrology, ecology, and socioeconomic fabric associated with these waterways. This book project (edited volume) explores how climate change is influencing Indian rivers (impact) and outlines potential strategies for mitigation and adaptation (resilience). It also covers the impact of various human activities on the fluvial morphology, hydrology, and riverine environment. Yet, as we step further into the 21st century, these vital waterways face unprecedented challenges. Reviving and restoring fluvial ecosystems is essential for reviving the health of India's rivers. This involves rehabilitating wetlands, reforesting riparian zones, and restoring natural river channels that have been altered by human activity. The need to reimagine and revitalize India's rivers has never been more urgent. To ensure their sustainability and health, a comprehensive blueprint is essential—one that balances ecological preservation with socioeconomic development. Research initiatives from a range of academic perspectives, including geography, biology, hydrology, geomorphology, environmental sustainability, environmental science, water economy, sociology, and political geography, are required for the book project.
If you are interested, please download the attachment for more details and message me in ResearchGate.
In your opinion, which programming language would you suggest as the best choice for researchers specializing in hydrology and water resources?
How can deep learning models be integrated with physically-based models for hydrological forecasting?
In the context of integrated water resources management (IWRM), how can we simultaneously optimize water allocation models for diverse competing uses—such as agriculture, industrial consumption, ecological preservation, and human consumption—while incorporating real-time climate variability, groundwater recharge rates, and the non-linear interactions between surface and subsurface hydrological systems, without over-reliance on predictive models that inherently carry uncertainty and data limitations?
Why is this year (2024) warmer in Iran as well as in the northern hemisphere compared to previous years?
In general, warm air penetrates from hot and tropical regions to temperate and polar regions. Based on synoponic hydrology and meteorology, the regions are divided into two categories of low pressure or high pressure, or into low pressure and high pressure regions. All of the Earth's atmosphere is in the general circulation of the atmosphere. Now why this summer season, especially in 2024, grammar is getting hotter and hotter than the time series of the last 30 years. According to the book published in the past years based on the findings of my master's thesis entitled "Clocking of time series in the plateau of Iran" which was investigated in the northeastern region of Iran and the zoning maps of rainfall and drought based on my data. I got an organization. . The country's meteorology was investigated for 40 years (1353-1393) and its graphs were extracted for drought spi index and drought periods of 6, 12, 24, 48 months and also based on clustering and factor analysis it was determined that the dynamic reason in Bandoli or blocking systems definitely occur in Siberia and the Tibetan and Pamir plateaus in northeastern Iran, and this type of system exists in different seasons such as autumn and winter, such as rex block and double ring block. Blocking ring and fire ring systems. Or in the form of a high-pressure front in the shape of an omega, which causes cold and rain, blocks the northeast of Iran and rains in the northwest of Iran. In the northwestern provinces of Iran, such as Ardabil and Azerbaijan, we have rainfall, but in the east, especially in the northeastern part of Iran, the rainfall is less, and in provinces such as Tehran, due to the foothills of the region, only the foothills are cool. In the summer season, they have experienced the high temperature and humidity of monsoon regions. They will empty the tropical seas and oceans in the southern regions of Iran to the center of Iran, which will be mostly torrential rains. Now the question is, why is the weather warmer this year? Will next year be hotter than this year? And how many years will this process continue? According to most climate researchers, this trend is increasing until the year 2100 and climate change is certain and this climate change is caused by human activities for the planet. It is like the development of industrial centers in the world and the destruction of forests and pastures and the change of agricultural land use. And the other is the increase of gasoline cars. Also, people in agricultural areas build villas instead of agricultural land, which means changing the use of agricultural land and also increasing animal husbandry, especially animal husbandry, which emits more methane than sheep. Also, agricultural products such as planting rice produce methane gas. And in rice cultivation, the production of methane gas occurs, which helps to increase greenhouse gases on the planet and has become hotter with the increase in global warming and the upward trend and due to the penetration of long waves. The sun's radiation to the earth's atmosphere, which makes it warmer when it enters the earth's atmosphere, the presence of greenhouse gases cannot quickly enter the long wavelength of the sun's rays into the earth's atmosphere, because due to the wavelength of the sun's radiation, the sun's long wave in The atmosphere is trapped and has a great effect in intensifying the heat of the earth's surface, and most climatologists believe that human behavior is effective in climate change activities on the planet. Such as changing the exhaust system of acidic and toxic gases of cars and using clean and renewable energies and developing forests instead. All the climate systems of the world interact with 5 climate systems, that is, if one of them changes, the rest of the ecological and climate systems will also be destroyed, so 5 systems: 1-Atmosphere. 2- Biosphere 3- Water sphere 4- Rock sphere 5- Icy sphere and human role in creating this system should be properly investigated and this global warming will not be corrected unless selfish and proud people only think of making weapons and killing innocent people. About the nature and climate of the earth. Consider saving the planet and climate change important. And let them know that we are alone in this world and existence, and if one day this planet becomes uninhabitable due to the ignorance of humans, we humans will no longer be able to live on it and we will not be able to travel to it. . Another planet, so let's pay more attention to our beloved planet. And to love and respect the planet Earth more.
Huda Falih Saad added a reply
22 hours ago
According to recent studies, the rate of global warming due to human activity has reached record highs. The highest rate of global warming since record-keeping began is 0.26 degrees Celsius per decade, according to research by more than 50 scientists.
Data has also shown that January 2024 experienced a record-breaking global ocean surface temperature for the tenth consecutive month. According to forecasts by the National Center for Environmental Information (NCEI), there's a 99% chance that 2024 will be among the five hottest years on record.
Moreover, many of the world's leading climate scientists predict that global temperatures will rise to at least 2.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels during this century. This far exceeds the Paris Climate Agreement's target to limit global temperature increases to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
This data underscores the urgent need to take immediate and effective action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to the effects of climate change.
Huda Falih Saad added a reply
22 hours ago
Yes, this information applies to Iraq as well, as climate change is a global phenomenon affecting all countries, including Iraq. In fact, Iraq is considered one of the countries most affected by climate change in the Middle East region. Here are some specific points about Iraq's:
- Rising temperatures: Iraq has experienced a noticeable increase in temperatures over the past decades, which aligns with the mentioned global trend.
- Drought and water scarcity: Iraq suffers from recurring drought waves and a decrease in water resources, which is directly linked to climate change.
- Desertification: Iraq faces the problem of desertification and degradation of agricultural lands due to climate change.
- Extreme weather events: There's an increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events such as severe heat waves and sandstorms.
- Impact on food security: Climate changes negatively affect agricultural production in Iraq, threatening food security.
- International commitments: Iraq, like other countries, is committed to the Paris Climate Agreement and must work on reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
Therefore, the urgent need to take effective measures to adapt to the effects of climate change and reduce greenhouse gas emissions greatly applies to Iraq
Sikander Ali added a reply
5 hours ago
The unusually hot weather experienced in Iran and the Northern Hemisphere in 2024 could be attributed to several factors, often interrelated: Climate Change: The long-term trend of rising global temperatures due to increased greenhouse gas emissions is a major factor. This trend is causing more frequent and intense heatwaves, altering weather patterns, and contributing to hotter summers. El Niño: The El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a climate phenomenon that affects global weather patterns. During an El Niño event, sea surface temperatures in the central and eastern Pacific Ocean rise, influencing global temperatures and potentially leading to hotter conditions in various regions, including the Northern Hemisphere. Heatwaves: Specific periods of extreme heat can occur due to weather systems that trap warm air in a region, leading to prolonged periods of high temperatures. These systems can be exacerbated by changes in the jet stream, which may be influenced by global warming and Arctic ice loss. Urbanization: Increasing urbanization, particularly in densely populated areas, can contribute to higher local temperatures. The "urban heat island" effect occurs because concrete, asphalt, and other materials absorb and retain heat more than natural landscapes, leading to higher temperatures in urban areas. Natural Variability: Year-to-year variations in weather can also play a role. Natural climate cycles and random weather variations can lead to some years being hotter or colder than others, independent of long-term climate trends. Changes in Land Use: Deforestation, agricultural practices, and other changes in land use can influence local climates and contribute to rising temperatures.
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Can we stop global climate change? Does human scientific power reach the world's climate change? What is the response of the researchers?
As you know, humans are very intelligent and can predict the future climate of the world with hydrology, climatology and paleontology. But don't countries, especially industrialized countries, that produce the most harmful gases in the earth's atmosphere and think about the future of the earth's atmosphere? Do they listen to the research of climatologists? What would have to happen to get them to listen to climate scientists?
Miloud Chakit added a reply
Climate change is an important and complex global challenge, and scientific theories about it are based on extensive research and evidence. The future path of the world depends on various factors including human actions, political decisions and international cooperation.
Efforts to mitigate and adapt to climate change continue. While full recovery can be challenging, important steps can be taken to slow progression and lessen its effects. This requires global cooperation, sustainable practices and the development and implementation of clean energy technologies.
Human scientific abilities play an important role, but dealing with climate change also requires social, economic and political changes. The goal is to limit global warming and its associated impacts, and collective action at the local, national, and international levels is essential for a more sustainable future.
Reply to this discussion
Osama Behnas added a reply
Global climate change is impossible to stop. Human scientific power cannot reach the climate changes of the world.
Borys Kapochkin added a reply
Mathematical models of planetary warming as a function of the argument - anthropogenic influence - are wrong.
Alastair Bain McDonald added a reply
We can stop climate change, but we won't! We have scientific knowledge but no political will. One can blame Russia and China for refusing to cooperate, but half of the US population (Republicans) deny that climate change is a problem and prefer their promiscuous lifestyles to the answer:
All climate change is loaded on CO2 responsible for the greenhouse effect. Therefore, scientific experiments from several independent scientific institutions around the world should be conducted to determine what the greenhouse effect is at different concentrations of CO2. Then, a conference of a reputable and professional organization with the participation of all independent scientific bodies should be held to establish standards on CO2 concentrations and propose policy measures accordingly.
The second action that can be taken is to plant as many trees and plants as possible to breathe CO2 and release oxygen. Stop any deforestation and immediately plant trees in any tree-filled areas.
Lucy George added a reply:
We have the knowledge, tools and resources to ensure a livable and sustainable future for all. Carbon dioxide and other heat-trapping gases are major contributors to global warming. Therefore, reducing greenhouse gas emissions is very important and should be done as soon as possible to achieve zero greenhouse gas emissions. Both forests and oceans play an important role in regulating our climate, so increasing their natural ability to absorb carbon dioxide can also help prevent global warming.
Reply to this discussion
Ilan Kelman added a reply:
Yes, we can address and stop human-caused climate change. See extensive details in the full technical reports of ipcc.ch
Mohamed Sarmoum added a reply:
I think it is difficult to stop global climate change, but, on the other hand, we can develop adaptation mechanisms with this change
Mrutyunjay Padhiary added a reply
The challenge of combating global climate change is complicated and multidimensional, involving scientific, technological, political, economic, and social initiatives. Even though we may not be able to "stop" climate change entirely at this time, we can surely lessen its worst consequences and adjust to the changes that are already occurring. It is true that advances in science have allowed us to gain an in-depth knowledge of the mechanisms causing climate change as well as the tools and techniques that can be used to slow it down. Scholars from diverse fields such as ecology, engineering, economics, climatology, and social sciences are actively investigating climate change and devising remedies for it.
Sudhir Shukla added a reply
Global climate changes are at Macro- Mega scale changes basically induced by the continuing geological processes, hitherto invisible to present human generation because of their slow pace. The modern human race might have accelerated this change by adopting industrial expansion and ever-growing greed for conventional energy. Human effect is most visible in weather changes and weather anomalies more profoundly visible now-a -days when compared to global climate changes.
Think of climate changes in the past / geological history when human did not exist at all?
Reply to this discussion
Hong Yin added a reply
May 16
Talking about global climate change without time and space scale is not science. The earth has its own rules to change while human is relatively nobody. What human could do is to try best to understand and respect the earth and find the balanced way to survive better.
Andrey V. Zhuravlev added a reply
3 days ago
It seems we can't change the trend. However, we can try to change the speed of climate changes to allow time for adaptation.
Hydrologic studies on different basins, while focused on distinct geographic areas, share several key similarities in terms of methodology, objectives, and challenges. These similarities can be categorized as follows:
1. Core Objectives
2-Data Collection and Analysis
3- Methodological Approaches
4 -Challenges and Uncertainties
5- Integrated Management Approaches
6- Applications and Outcomes
By focusing on these common aspects, hydrologic studies can effectively address the unique characteristics and challenges of different basins while leveraging shared methodologies and goals to advance the understanding and management of water resources globally.
What is your opinion ?
Can we stop global climate change? Does human scientific power reach the world's climate change? What is the response of the researchers?
As you know, humans are very intelligent and can predict the future climate of the world with hydrology, climatology and paleontology. But don't countries, especially industrialized countries, that produce the most harmful gases in the earth's atmosphere and think about the future of the earth's atmosphere? Do they listen to the research of climatologists? What would have to happen to get them to listen to climate scientists?
Miloud Chakit added a reply
Climate change is an important and complex global challenge, and scientific theories about it are based on extensive research and evidence. The future path of the world depends on various factors including human actions, political decisions and international cooperation.
Efforts to mitigate and adapt to climate change continue. While full recovery can be challenging, important steps can be taken to slow progression and lessen its effects. This requires global cooperation, sustainable practices and the development and implementation of clean energy technologies.
Human scientific abilities play an important role, but dealing with climate change also requires social, economic and political changes. The goal is to limit global warming and its associated impacts, and collective action at the local, national, and international levels is essential for a more sustainable future.
Reply to this discussion
Osama Behnas added a reply:
Global climate change is impossible to stop. Human scientific power cannot reach the climate changes of the world.
Borys Kapochkin added a reply:
Mathematical models of planetary warming as a function of the argument - anthropogenic influence - are wrong.
Alastair Bain McDonald added a reply
We can stop climate change, but we won't! We have scientific knowledge but no political will. One can blame Russia and China for refusing to cooperate, but half of the US population (Republicans) deny that climate change is a problem and prefer their promiscuous lifestyles to the answer:
All climate change is loaded on CO2 responsible for the greenhouse effect. Therefore, scientific experiments from several independent scientific institutions around the world should be conducted to determine what the greenhouse effect is at different concentrations of CO2. Then, a conference of a reputable and professional organization with the participation of all independent scientific bodies should be held to establish standards on CO2 concentrations and propose policy measures accordingly.
The second action that can be taken is to plant as many trees and plants as possible to breathe CO2 and release oxygen. Stop any deforestation and immediately plant trees in any tree-filled areas.
Lucy George added a reply:
We have the knowledge, tools and resources to ensure a livable and sustainable future for all. Carbon dioxide and other heat-trapping gases are major contributors to global warming. Therefore, reducing greenhouse gas emissions is very important and should be done as soon as possible to achieve zero greenhouse gas emissions. Both forests and oceans play an important role in regulating our climate, so increasing their natural ability to absorb carbon dioxide can also help prevent global warming.
Reply to this discussion
Ilan Kelman added a reply:
Yes, we can address and stop human-caused climate change. See extensive details in the full technical reports of ipcc.ch
Mohamed Sarmoum added a reply:
I think it is difficult to stop global climate change, but, on the other hand, we can develop adaptation mechanisms with this change
Mrutyunjay Padhiary added a reply:
The challenge of combating global climate change is complicated and multidimensional, involving scientific, technological, political, economic, and social initiatives. Even though we may not be able to "stop" climate change entirely at this time, we can surely lessen its worst consequences and adjust to the changes that are already occurring. It is true that advances in science have allowed us to gain an in-depth knowledge of the mechanisms causing climate change as well as the tools and techniques that can be used to slow it down. Scholars from diverse fields such as ecology, engineering, economics, climatology, and social sciences are actively investigating climate change and devising remedies for it.
Sudhir Shukla added a reply:
Global climate changes are at Macro- Mega scale changes basically induced by the continuing geological processes, hitherto invisible to present human generation because of their slow pace. The modern human race might have accelerated this change by adopting industrial expansion and ever-growing greed for conventional energy. Human effect is most visible in weather changes and weather anomalies more profoundly visible now-a -days when compared to global climate changes.
Think of climate changes in the past / geological history when human did not exist at all?
Reply to this discussion
Hong Yin added a reply:
Talking about global climate change without time and space scale is not science. The earth has its own rules to change while human is relatively nobody. What human could do is to try best to understand and respect the earth and find the balanced way to survive better.
Can the actual display of snow be shown as a map? Like snow border - snow depth - scDs snow levels - snow covered days - to find out the water storage in the seasons?
Snow is a form of precipitation that behaves differently from other forms of precipitation due to the time delay between its occurrence and the time of runoff production and feeding of the underground water table. It is very important to study and measure changes in snow levels as one of the important sources of water supply. Due to the harsh physical conditions of mountainous environments, it is not possible to make permanent measurements on the ground to estimate the sources of snow and create a database. The use of satellite images and remote sensing due to their low cost, up-to-dateness and wide coverage is a way forward in this field and can be a suitable method for identifying snow catchment areas and evaluating its changes to achieve this goal. The area of snow cover is a very important parameter for the hydrological and climatological cycle. Its reflection caused by the whiteness above the snow causes the snow surfaces to return most of the radiant energy of the sun. Due to the high heat capacity of snow, snow surfaces protect the soil surface from the atmosphere and reduce the warming process in spring; Therefore, snow plays a direct role in microclimate and macroclimate scale atmospheric circulation models by affecting energy absorption and basin warming. Snow cover and soil moisture are the most important variables in the heat and moisture exchange process between the earth and the atmosphere. The presence of snow in the basin has a great effect on the moisture on the surface and as a result the runoff flow. Snow-covered surfaces undergo rapid and heterogeneous changes due to climatic and topographical factors. Most of the efficient methods of monitoring the snow extent are with the help of remote monitoring by satellites. The physical characteristics of snow have made it possible to monitor this phenomenon through remote sensing. Satellite is the best tool that can measure the snow cover of vast areas that can be determined by ground methods. It is not possible to show in different times (Simpson and State). The presence of snow in the catch basins is not only effective on the local and regional climate, but also affects the water resources that are stored in the form of frozen water on the surface. Therefore, temporal and spatial monitoring of snow cover has been used for hydrological forecasts for years. The use of satellite image data is effective in determining daily changes in snow cover, snow temperature, snow water depth and flood forecasting.
I am just trying to understand the impact of climate change in some regions in the world, as we know there are negative consequences on many parts of the world, as some regions will suffer excess floods and others will face deadly droughts. Upon these deliterious impacts, will there regions get benefits of the climate change? and why? I am zealously searching for answer of this question and I am happy to share this dicussion with you.
- The unequal distribution of water resources in the world and the impact of climatic changes.
hydrologic study of catchment area of south desert of Iraq to work harvesting water dams
I am trying to use MaxEnt for my thesis but for some reason I just can't find usable environmental data. The only data I have been able to use so far is bioclimatic data from Bioclim. I can't find anyone else asking this question. Many asks about converting the data or processing it but not obtaining it. To specify I'm searching for data of Europe regarding hydrology, vegetation cover and/or soil.
We are working on dam seepage analysis. We have simulated the amount of seepage from a particular dam. But we could not decide if the estimated loss is excessive. My question is what level of seepage loss is deemed to be excessive enough to warrant alert?
After computation of NDVI over a region it has to be correlated with meteorology or hydrological indices. How to fulfill this?
Almost in every hydraulic design manual, the rainfall depth due to 24hr rainfall duration is recommended to calculate the design flows for the analysis of the existing or proposed hydraulic structures when the hydrograph method is applied. I am looking for a paper/memo/report that describes the reasons why the 24hr rainfall duration was suggested. My idea is that the rainfall duration should be somehow calculated based on the time of concentration for the contributing drainage area of the structure.
- How can AI and ML algorithms enhance our predictive capabilities in hydrology, leading to more accurate forecasts of water availability and quality?
- Are there any ongoing projects or research initiatives using AI/ML in hydrology that you find particularly inspiring?
The world of hydrological monitoring is undergoing a groundbreaking transformation, thanks to the advent of disruptive innovations that are redefining the way we understand and manage water systems.
Within the IAHS MOXXI working group, we are embarking on an initiative to consolidate pivotal publications and online resources that pertain to hydrology observations and observational techniques. The preliminary compilation of chosen publications can be accessed on Zotero (https://www.zotero.org/groups/5146107/moxxi). We extend an open invitation to all to propose pertinent publications, contributing to the enrichment of our database with the latest strides in this dynamic field.
If you are interested in joining the WG, you can register at the following link: https://lnkd.in/dFJ-ivjF
Article L'aqueduc de Carthage
Can we share information about ancient hydrological knowledge, old hydraulic techniques, and ancestral water management methods
This discussion aims to explore the environmental impacts associated with large dam construction and operation. Large dams have been built worldwide to meet various societal needs, such as hydroelectric power generation, water supply, irrigation, and flood control. However, the ecological consequences of these projects have raised concerns among environmentalists, researchers, and policymakers.
I am interested in gathering thoughts and insights from experts on Researchgate regarding this topic. Specifically, I would like to hear about other aspects related to the environmental impacts of large dams, such as:
- Biodiversity loss: How do large dams affect local ecosystems and the diversity of species? Are there any specific examples or case studies that highlight this issue?
- Alteration of hydrological regimes: What are the implications of dam construction on downstream water flow, sediment transport, and the natural rhythm of rivers? How does this affect aquatic ecosystems and their associated habitats?
- Social and cultural impacts: What are the social and cultural consequences of large dam projects, particularly concerning the displacement of local communities, loss of livelihoods, and potential impacts on indigenous populations?
- Climate change interactions: How do large dams interact with climate change? Are there any synergistic effects or trade-offs to consider?
- Mitigation measures: What are the possible mitigation strategies or technologies that can minimize the negative environmental impacts of large dams? Are there any successful case studies that demonstrate effective mitigation practices?
Additionally, I would greatly appreciate advice on how to structure and present a comprehensive presentation on this topic. What key points, data, and visuals should be included to effectively communicate the complex interplay between large dams and the environment? Any recommendations or suggestions from fellow experts would be invaluable.
Thank you in advance for your contributions, insights, and guidance on this important topic.
Dear members, I would like to know if a BSc. in hydrology and a master and PhD. in hydrology studies can be useful for good perspectives in careers in the future?
I want to know how solid basis of mechanics of fluids and other studies related to physics are involved, as it is my main concern. (For example, studies about Navier-Stokes equations or other equations for fluids or dynamic of fluids)
Best regards,
Carlos
I am an MPHIL student from the university of Ghana
I am using GLEAMS v3.7b in my project and intend to use its soil moisture products. However, I am confused as to what are the depths for which the surface and root zone soil moisture products are computed.
I read the paper by Martens et al. (2017): https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/10/1903/2017/gmd-10-1903-2017.pdf
This paper states that the depth of the root zone is a function of the land-cover type and comprises three model layers for the fraction of tall vegetation (0–10, 10–100, and 100–250 cm), two for the fraction of low vegetation (0–10, 10–100 cm), and only one for the fraction of bare soil (0–10 cm).
I am unable to comprehend as to how I should interpret this information. If the grid location of my data falls in an a forested area (tall vegetation), should I consider that the depth of root zone at that point is 250 cm as there will be three model layers?
Kindly provide some insight upon this. Thank you!
What are best forecasting methods for flood in developing countries, Hydrological or Data driven models?
I am trying to assess the quantitative impact of climate change on hydrological regime of a semi-arid subbain; and I can not select among different customary models.
please help me based on your knowlege and experience in water resources modeling.
SWAT? SWAT+? WEAP? HEC-HMS? IHACRES? or something else?
I am currently working on developing a SWAT model for a basin. After I have developed the model and figured out its hydrological components, I need to compare my work with an already published work. Can someone give me suggestions on how to proceed with my paper? or give me links to similar works so that I can get some ideas! Thank You.
In theory clasees, we all have learnt about drainage density (DD), which is the ratio of 'total length of stream network in a basin (L)' to the 'basin area(A)'. However, when, we are trying to determine DD of some Indian river basins using Arc-GIS, we are facing some confusions. For instance,
1. We have to define some particular break value in Arc-GIS to get streams of differnt orders. Lesser the break value, higher is the stream order, therefore resulting in a higher value of L, and vice versa. For example, when we set the breakvalue as 500 for a particular basin, we are obatining a stream order upto 7, but if we increase the break value to 1500, the max. stream order reduces to 5 - automatically the L value also reduces. Thus, the same baisn may yeild two differnt DD values, under two aforesaid considertions of break values.
2. We also fixed the theoretically least possible break value , i.e., >0 and obtained a extremely dense stream network with high DD value.
So, my question is, what should be the threshold break value for a particular basin in order to get the DD?
3. From literature, we found that, there are five classes of DD with the following value ranges (km/km2), i.e., very coarse (<2), coarse (2-4), moderate (4-6), fine (6-8), and very fine (>8). However, for 20 river basins across differnt parts of India, we obtained DD values ranging between 1.03 to 1.29, which makes all those basins fall under very coarse category. But, from our visual inspection (one sample bain attached below), it seems to be very less to us.
We want some justification/ clarification/ comment on it.
(Matlab, R, Python, ...??)
taking into account the current evolution of artificial intelligence
there are many countries which have challenges with dust storms. maybe some of these dust storms are salty and have different methods for biological performance. Certainly, these countries and their researcher's were applied some methods for stabilize and control of dust storm. i would like familiar with methods and will be grateful you if introduce me some article, guideline and photos.
There are many commonly used methods for esimtation of evapotranspiration which are based on temperature, radiation, mass and energy transfer etc. or a compbination of thse. Methods such as Penman-Monetieth, Pendman, Hargreaves, Priestley-Taylor, Thronthwaite etc. fall under these categories. What I want to know is the applicability of these methods primarily based on the climatic conditions of the area. Like whichmethod is suitable for humid conditions or arid climate? If someone asks me what method should I use to estimate the ETo for an area in Mumbai, which method should I use?
While conducting the flood hydrology studies for a run of river hydro electric project, the storm values reported are as follows :-
1. 1 Day SPS - 14.3 cm
2. 1 Day PMP - 17.5 cm
3. 50 Year RPV - 29.52 cm
4. 100 Year RPV - 33.14 cm
5. 150 year RPV - 35.25 cm
These values were convoluted on the derived Unit Hydrograph yielding the following flood maximas :-
1. 1 Day SPF - 630.4 cumecs
2. 1 Day PMF - 768.30 cumecs
3. 50 Year RPF - 1120.36 cumecs
4. 100 Year RPF - 1256.01 cumcecs
5. 150 year RPF - 1335.07 cumecs
As seen the return period flood is exceeding the PMF and SPF. Is this justified?
I want to use PCSWMM for hydrologic analysis of catchment consisting of river network.
Can we perform a real time control of detention pond in PCSWMM?
Is there any tutorial or guide for this process. I am new to PCSWMM
Please let me know
Thank You
Working with SWAT modeling in mining regions. The Land Use of the mining region has to be fine enough to understand the impact of change of land disturbance by mining on hydrology.
Hi! I was planned to investigate the impact of changing LULU and climate on hydrological regime in a small indian monsoon dominated river Basin using SWAT. However, there is no stream flow data in the catchment. But I got only daily stage level or water level data (June to October) of the River from two gauging stations of that area for a duration of 30 years.
How could I get seasonal (jun-oct) stream flow from the stage level in order to validate and calibrate the model?
Or what are the other methods to validate and calibrate the model in data scarce areas?
Yen, B. C. (1987). Urban Drainage Hydraulics and Hydrology: from art to science. Urban Drainage Hydraulics and Hydrology, 1-24.
Thank you so much if you can share it.
How do I determine the Hydrologic soil Group of a watershed? Is there any website where I can get the data? Or is there any other method to determine? Please keep in mind the watershed is in India and datasets pertaining to India will be required.
The papers using machine-learning particularly deep-learning models in hydrological prediction (runoff, soil moisture, evapotranspiration, etc.) increase dramatically in recent years. In my viewpoint, these data-driven methods require substantial data to derive solid predictions. I am not sure what is the advantage of these models over the process-based models in predicting hydrological processes.
I want to conduct rainfall disaggregation using Hyetos package in R. Any one having experience with hyetos in R ? I am confused with how to find the parameters (lambda,phi,kappa,alpha,v,mx,sx) that i need to enter in the function DisagSimul. Is it through the excel sheet or R code ?
The acceptable industry standards for water pressure is 140 kPa - 560 kPa. Domestic appliances operate under the intermediate pressure magnitudes. Topographic features and the increase of customer density cause deviations in water pressure throughout the supply system. In some cases, some water supply networks provide water in exaggerated high pressure to reach some customers in high altitude. This higher pressure accelerates the volume of water running out through unobserved leakages in supply system which results on microbursts of water pressure that may cause large scale failure and demands higher maintenance cost for water supply providers.
Dear researchers, what is your recommended solution to prevent these unnecessary pressure rise against transient scenarios?
Scientists have observed nearly 1 degree Celsius increase of global mean temperature during the last 100 years and they make different predictions / projections on climate change. Has any researcher observed significant change in rainfall amount / pattern in a country or a region during the same period (last 100 years)? If there is so, how you explain that in meteorological / hydrological point of view?
Many open source programs exist in the field of geology with all its specializa (Water resources , hydrology , Hydrogeology, Geostatistics ,Quality water .......etc) that many people are unaware of.
What software do you want to suggest to us ?
Thanks
Reghais Azzeddine
Hi
I'm working on a research for developing a nonlinear model (e.g. exponential, polynomial and...) between a dependent variable (Y) and 30 independent variables ( X1, X2, ... , X30).
As you know I need to choose the best variables that have most impacts on estimating (Y).
But the question is that can I use Pearson Correlation coefficient matrix to choose the best variables?
I know that Pearson Correlation coefficient calculates the linear correlation between two variables but I want to use the variables for a nonlinear modeling ,and I don't know the other way to choose my best variables.
I used PCA (Principle Component Analysis) for reduce my variables but acceptable results were not obtained.
I used HeuristicLab software to develop Genetic Programming - based regression model and R to develop Support Vector Regression model as well.
Thanks
Hello everyone,
During calibration of a hydrological model using synthetic data, I was trying to add Gaussian noise to the simulated streamflow data. But many streamflow values are near to and equal to zero, if I add a Gaussian noise with certain standard deviation (lets' say 10%), it will make many data values negative. But streamflow data values as negative will be invalid.
Could anyone please suggest how should I proceed ? Also, cite studies which supports that method.
we need studies about Makhool Dam by hydraulic, geology and hydrology studies
I am studying a 30 y time series of annual discharge with no significant autocorrelation at lag-3 y or higher. Some papers identify problems with M-K and other tests, even with pre-whitening and suggest complicated solutions. (e.g. Yue et al. 2002. The influence of autocorrelation on the ability to detect trend in hydrological series. Hydrol. Proc. 16:1807.) Why not a simpler solution?
Something which provides an illustrated description of the GLUE method used usually in hydrology, along with proper explanations of the mathematical and statistical background used in the methodology.
Some notable publications which I've already looked at:
1. Beven, K., & Binley, A. (1992). The future of distributed models: model calibration and uncertainty prediction. Hydrological processes, 6(3), 279-298.
2. Beven, K., & Binley, A. (2014). GLUE: 20 years on. Hydrological processes, 28(24), 5897-5918.
Hi all,
Is it possible to import IDF curves to HEC-HMS to estimate peak flow?
I ran both the modifiedmk package and trend package in R to compute the Sen's slope of a time series of rainy days in month of April for 64 years with 95% confidence level.. Both yield the following result:
Z-Value = 2.01461466
Sen's slope = 0.00000000
S = 236.00000000
Var(S) = 13606.66666667
P-value = 0.04394504
Tau = 0.11706349
As you can see, |Z| > 1.96 implying a significant positive trend however, the Sen's slope is 0. I want to know if it's a legit scenario or is something wrong. The only possible flaw that I can think of is that there are a lot of zeroes in the dataset (attached excel file) but I have multiple such datasets none of which have yielded such a result.
Flow series from '.rch' files provide the contribution from all the upstream watersheds, but I need to know only the contribution of an intermediate catchment. If I use water yield (WYLD) from .sub files and convert it into flow rate, it doesn't give proper results. Thanks.
Dear colleagues,
Actually, I have two files with two different resolutions and I am looking for a code (Python, Matlab, R) to estimate the correlation coefficient, Bias and statistical indices between a specific point and its nearest point in the other file. I will be thankful for any help.
Thanks in advance
Regards,
I hope hydrologists and specialists can help me
Is the operation of PROR type of hydropower plant operation based on any rule curve ?
TOPKAPI (TOPographic Kinematic APproximation and Integration) model is a fully-distributed physically-based hydrological model that can provide high resolution information on the hydrological state of a catchment.
I want to work with HEC-HMS on rainfall-runoff simulation & when I wanted to build the catchment polygon layer, I faced the error that says:
"the system cannot find the file specified"
I searched a lot but I didn't find the way for my problem.
NOTE: The catchment grid layer has been built successfully, but when I checked it's file in the saving path, it had only 8 items, but the other layers had 9 items in their files.
It didn't have the log file, but the other layers had the log file. My system RAM isn't full.
What do you suggest for my problem?
Hi everyone
I'm looking for a quick and reliable way to estimate my missing climatological data. My data is daily and more than 40 years. These data include the minimum and maximum temperature, precipitation, sunshine hours, relative humidity and wind speed. My main problem is the sunshine hours data that has a lot of defects. These defects are diffuse in time series. Sometimes it encompasses several months and even a few years. The number of stations I work on is 18. Given the fact that my data is daily, the number of missing data is high. So I need to estimate missing data before starting work. Your comments and experiences can be very helpful.
Thank you so much for advising me.
Hi
I'm using three different performance criteria for evaluating my model:
1.Nash–Sutcliffe (NSE)
2.Percent bias (PBIAS)
3.Root mean square error (RMSE)
You can suppose that I used a regression model to estimate a time series data such as river mean daily discharge or something like that.
But for a single model and a single dataset, we saw difference performances for each criteria.
Is this possible? I expected that all of these three criteria have same results.
You can see the variation's diagram of these criteria in appendix pic.
Thanks
What is the different ways known to automatize the measurement of infiltration rate in soils, applied to double ring? And what is the constraints of them?
Do you know of any datasets that contain daily runoff, precipitation, and temperature data for a certain catchment? Many thanks!
I have some time series with significant AR(1), and no significant trend, what should i do for frequency analysis of those series?
I also scaled those series using flood-index method in RFA. However, it's not worked to remove auto-correlations.
I'm a premaster student and I'm about to work on my thesis which I have decided to revolve around climate change. The main issue is; I never studied climate change in the undergrad courses, I'm mainly a civil engineering graduate with good background in hydrology in the industry and academia and I want to know what sort of papers or courses should I read and study to be able to get started on this specific topic; especially related to water resources engineering and hydrological applications?
About two years ago, I have submitted a manuscript to a reputed journal. After a couple of months of the peer review process, the response was “major revision has been requested”. I made the necessary adjustments and resubmitted it again. The Journal's editor responded that my manuscript requires minor revision. Well, the decision was <<"Revise for Editor Only'' he claimed that revision should be quick and it will not undergo the entire review process>>. Again, I made the required edits in order to make the manuscript acceptable for publication. Afterward, I resubmitted it. It is the day 120 and the status is "With Editor". In fact, I did send two emails to the editorial team to update the status. Their response to both emails was the same, saying that they contacted the editor to accelerate the process.
Dear readers, I need to have a piece of advice: what to do as a next step?
Thank you in advance,
Bassam
In the computer modeling and simulation of floatovoltaic systems in marine environments or freshwater reservoirs, a floating PV photovoltaic array performance model and simulation must characterize the hydrologic impact of floating PV. The same time-series evaporation modelling challenge exists for modeling agrivoltaic PV energy systems. A key aspect is predicting the FSPV or FPV irrigation reservoir water evaporation benefits in the sustainability assessment for sustainable development energy projects. Quantifying evaporative water-saving as a hydrologic impact feature is a crucial project viability metric in a techno-economic model for FPV hydropower hybrid performance models for hydroelectric facilities, or to estimate floating PV array operating temperature or floating PV module internal cell temperature changes in comparative studies for floating FPV and ground-mounted PV or GPV.
Computer estimation of evaporation time-series from a water surface of a water basin or wastewater basin is often calculated in Matlab or Python through mathematical evaporation models, by using parameters such as solar radiation, air temperature, humidity, water temperature, wind velocity, etc. While various applications and modifications of the Penman method, Penman-Monteith equations or Priestley-Taylor evaporation rates are used to predict or determine evapotranspiration rates in various solar water pond cover configurations, and PV floater design types as a sustainability indicator.
However, most water surface modeling or reservoir evaporation methodologies seem to be based on average daily solar irradiation rates, meaning real-time simulation model predictions need to be adapted to account for more instantaneous hour-to-hour solar irradiation data model inputs, ambient temperature variations, wind variations, airmass, relative humidity, water temperature or weather prediction data obtained from remote sensing and weather prediction data.
In a recent publication (link below) on the environmental impact assessment of floating solar PV, we propose a method to time-normalize the hourly predictions of floating solar PV evaporation rates in a water-energy-land-food nexus metric. I would like to know from researchers and scientists if literature is available to discuss other scientific data engineering options for hour-to-hour or even-minute-to-minute evaporation rate estimations on open water surfaces as a means to quantify the evaporation savings of an FPV prototype in a real-time simulation model:
Also refer:
I need to understand the effect of LULC and climate change on the downstream flooding of river basin. so for this I have to understand the linkage between upstream and downstream hydrologic dynamics. which hydrologic model is easily accessible and best for this analysis?
Hi
In some studies we need to calculate the main channel length/slope of a certain river.
For example you can see a real catchment in uploaded pic with it's main river and tributaries.
Now, I have some questions:
1. What is the definition of main stream channel of a river and how can we determine it using ArcGIS?
2. If you want to calculate the main channel length, In the appended pic, which one is your choice as the main channel (Black one or Red one?)
Can we suppose the longest channel stream as the main stream?
3. Is there any tool in ArcGIS to calculate the length and slope of stream channel?
Thanks
There are thousands of river stations all around Europe to record the water level, but it seems to be quite difficult to get river hydrology data for comparison researches or any other aims. Which database do you prefer, which one could you recommend?
Dear researchers, I want to plot some rainfall trends at different areas of Nepal. Where can I download data for that? Website of Department of Hydrology and Meterology shows that we should buy data from them. I would be very happy to access data freely from any other websites. Thanks.
Hi. I'm searching different methods to delimitate a study area. For example, in hidrological studies is usual to create a polygon for the watersheed (Using contour lines or a DEM). In Environmental impact assessment is the direct and indirect areas that determine the polygon to use. Other cases use political division (Neightborhoods, streets, estates...).
All of them base the delimitations on physical characteristics.
But how to delimitate the study area when the phenomenon intersects several watersheeds, or if i'm investigating a community that move across several estates or political divisions. How to know where the limits are to create my polygon? And how to know if the delimitation is right and that i'm not losing information or data by bad delimitation.
Thanks for your answers.
The parallel drainages are commonly observed over estuarine environments, flood plains and reservoirs of the area
Is there any software calculating hydrological connectivity based on DEM (e.g. the Relative Surface Connection function or an other indexes)?
Please suggest how can we measure the hydrological sensitivity of a basin to the changing patterns of temperature and rainfall using inflow and outflow records at a particular gauging site or whole basin.
