Hungarian - Science topic

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Background: Motocross riders' performance is highly dependent on the characteristics of the motorcycles and the skills of the riders, and the actual environmental conditions. This study aims to describe the differences in anthropometric and physiological characteristics between internationally ranked adolescent males and nationally ranked motorcros...

In the present study, I summarized the data on Common Crane (Grus grus) nesting published in the Hungarian ornithological literature from the mid-19th century to the present day. Based on these data, it can be observed that the crane was never a frequent nesting species in Hungary. It probably nested regularly until the early 19th century, then occ...

Word stress, the placing of emphasis through greater volume or duration on a particular syllable in a word, differs across languages. In some languages, word stress is predictably and consistently placed on a particular syllable of every word. However, in other languages word stress is variable and therefore unpredictable, and the meaning of a word...

The proportion of people who receive a religious upbringing at home and attend religious educational institutions varies across time and space. It is debatable how effectively various forms of religious socialization contribute to shaping one’s religious identity. In Hungary, the proportion of young people receiving a religious upbringing is declin...

Pyraloidea (s. str.) fauna of the Mátra countrys, North Hungary (Microlepidoptera)]-The author gives evidence of 155 Pyraloidea species in the Mátra, which is the highest mountain in Hungary. He's been critically analyzing the collection of the Mátra Museum (H-Gyöngyös) and the relevant literature on the countrys. In the case of each species he rep...

Data in the literature from Hungary: Balatonakali, Csákberény, Csepel, Örkény. New data from Hungary: Harkány, Felsőcsatár, Agárd. From 0 m up to 400 above sea level in Hungary, in Slovenia (Vipava Nanos) up to 700 m. Structure of genitalia and morphological characteristics of wings are illustrated with figures. The habitats and the Hungarian distr...

The analysis of haematological parameters is of great importance from a diagnostic point of view, as well as on an international level. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of the month, farm, bird age and sex on blood haematology values and to make a reference range for diagnostic purposes for ostriches. Blood samples were taken during the slau...

The use of neuroscience research findings has opened up new horizons in the field of education. Neuromyths are misconceptions based on neuroscience. Their prevalence is a problem in education worldwide, as they are particularly popular among teachers, which influences their pedagogical practice. The aim of our study is to present the neuroscientifi...

Examinations on ostrich chick vitality can help to improve the effectiveness of Hungarian ostrich husbandry and hatching technology. The investigations were carried out on an ostrich breeder farm in Eastern Hungary. For the analyses, the Tona et al. (2003) scoring system was applied presenting eight main criteria (activity, feather, condition, eyes...

In temperate climates, most fruit trees need cold weather, low temperatures in winter, and a certain amount of heat during the growing season until harvest. One of the most apparent effects of climate change is the elevated temperature in all seasons of the year. In our study, the changes in thermal conditions have been calculated in Hungary's most...

Annotation. This study examined the attitudes of individuals seeking scholarships to study abroad, exploring whether their views on languages and language policy models vary based on gender, study programs, and countries. An online survey was administered to approximately 130 Hungarian government scholarship applicants from diverse nations. Statist...

Purpose: This article provides insights into how innovation clusters operate, how sectoral factors and organisational capabilities influence them, and how they contribute to economic growth and innovation in specific regions and industries. It provides insights into how sectoral effects, organisational capabilities, and collaboration dynamics inter...

Carp or ponty in Hungarian, is considered commercial freshwater fish, which is an adaptable species in both wild and cultured conditions. Carp has high nutritional value content, favorable taste, it is rich in protein, and low in saturated fat. The nutritional content in fish is composed of many chemical constituents and influenced by many factors....

Globally, over 17 million people annually die from cardiovascular diseases, with heart disease being the leading cause of mortality in the United States. The ever-increasing volume of data related to heart disease opens up possibilities for employing machine learning (ML) techniques in diagnosing and predicting heart conditions. While applying ML d...

Seed germination is an important stage in crop development that affects plant performance, crop yield, and quality. Many factors influence seed germination, and one of the most important factors is temperature. The closer the temperature is to the optimum, the faster germination will occur. Temperature affects seed germination in various plants and...

The study discusses how different language socialization (Ochs & Schieffelin, 2017) experiences and processes result in learners’ different linguistic and cultural backgrounds affecting their attitudes toward language learning, their self-perception as language learners, and ultimately their motivation to learn languages. Data were collected via li...

Climate change poses more and more challenges to the water management. Future predictions show that the possibility of extreme drought events are increasing, especially the rolling drought phenomena have become critical when consecutive years of drought multiply the adverse effects of previous years. These new extreme hydrological situations need t...

Bats are a natural host for a number of viruses, many of which are zoonotic and thus present a threat to human health. RNA viruses of the family Filoviridae, many of which cause disease in humans, have been associated with specific bat hosts. Lloviu virus is a Filovirus which has been connected to mass mortality events in Miniopterus schreibersii c...

Due to changes in the structure and system of the consumer society, the previously used consumer, geographical, and demographic characteristics did not prove sufficient for the exploration and analysis of the reasons behind consumer habits and tourism behaviour. The characterisation of traditional consumer behaviour was complemented by psychologica...

This paper comprehensively presents the complex transformation of rural Hungary after the turn of the millennium. The post-socialist land re-privatization provided land to more than 2 million families, but by the time of EU accession (2004) a highly concentrated large estate structure had already developed. The number of the village population decr...

The connection between Europe and Asia has always been important for the flow of materials and intellectual goods. Hungary is in an important position in Central Europe to connect different key ports and logistics hubs. Therefore, this article aims to analyse the opportunities and impacts of the New Silk Road initiative on the supply chain and tran...

Attitudes toward using wood as a raw material vary greatly, from anti-logging and anti-felling propaganda to the propagation of wood use. This study examines attitudes toward wood, trees, and sustainable forest management in two distinct cultures-India and Hungary. Our questionnaire survey findings indicate that sustainable forest management is con...

Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L.) is grown worldwide in open fields and greenhouses in a range of climate conditions. Hedgerows are a type of agroforestry systems that monitors ecological and influence microclimate conditions. An experiment was conducted at the Soroksár experimental field of the Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences...

Attitudes toward using wood as a raw material vary greatly, from anti-logging and anti-felling propaganda to the propagation of wood use. This study examines attitudes toward wood, trees, and sustainable forest management in two distinct cultures-India and Hungary. Our questionnaire survey findings indicate that sustainable forest management is con...

Although the COVID-19 pandemic is profoundly changing, data on the effect of vaccination and duration of protection against infection and severe disease can still be advantageous, especially for patients with COPD, who are more vulnerable to respiratory infections. The Hungarian COVID-19 registry was retrospectively investigated for risk of infecti...

We present in this paper a novel denoising training method to speed up DETR (DEtection TRansformer) training and offer a deepened understanding of the slow convergence issue of DETR-like methods. We show that the slow convergence results from the instability of bipartite graph matching which causes inconsistent optimization goals in early training...

The most important challenge to human resources strategies at present and in the future-other than the continuous supply of human resource necessary to maintain lawful and unperturbed operation-is how to retain the active prison staff and how to consolidate and lay the foundations of their commitment to the organisation. Related to this one needs t...

The ambivalent attitude of socialist memory politics towards the Holocaust during János Kádár’s regime (1956–1989) is reflected in the history of personal collections. Although museums did collect Holocaust memorabilia, this was not encouraged or publicised. Because of such delayed and restrained collection, the objects relating to persecution are...

While property is a common analytical category in political economy, it is often omitted from cultural analysis. To bridge this gap, this article examines the Orbán regime’s cultural flagship institution, the Magyar Művészeti Akadémia [Hungarian Academy of Arts, HAA] from a property perspective. By putting the 1992‒2011 trajectory of the Academy un...

Making woody mulch (WM) from organic waste is one solution for repurposing waste. Our work had two primary objectives. First, we wanted to destermine the current use of WM as a soil cover, barriers to use, benefits, and possible motivations for adopting the use of WM by home and commercial growers for cultivating crops in Barbados and the Baltimore...

The paper analyses the economic situation of the districts located along the Southern border of Slovakia, which have sizeable Hungarian-speaking populations. Unemployment ratios, industrial pay levels and corporate profitability figures make up the backbone of the analysis. Our research reveals that, as a whole, the Southern districts fall short of...

The process of groundwater evapotranspiration and its subsequent recharge are fundamental aspects of the Earth’s natural water cycle and have significant implications for the preservation and functionality of various forested ecosystems. This study presents a case analysis examining the recent fluctuations in groundwater levels and their replenishm...

Body part names are productive sources of metaphoric and metonymic expressions, which constitute coherent constructions in the languages. These cognitive cultural models are subconsciously known to all cultural community members (D’Andrade 1992). In the paper, I explore how culture influences the conceptualizations of body parts. The theoretical fr...

In this study, we aim to analyse the origin and semantics of one of the lexemes used by Romanians to refer to Hungarians: boanghin(a) , also used as boanghen(a) . Besides a meta-analysis of this ethnic slur (emergence, meaning, semantic shifts, and etymology), we also refer to literary works in which these terms have been used. The archaic boanghin...

With the development of medicine, the demand for the translation of medical texts has increased significantly. Translations play an important role in disseminating medical knowledge and new medical discoveries and are vital in the provision of health services to foreigners, tourists, or minorities. Translating medical texts requires a variety of sk...

The Termini Online Hungarian–Hungarian Dictionary and Database describes the lexicon of the Hungarian language as spoken in the countries neighbouring Hungary. It is considered to be a general dictionary of present-day Hungarian. Each entry contains authentic example sentences to illustrate the use of the headword, making it possible to examine the...

The presented study investigated the effects of edible coatings with concentration of 2%, 3% and 4% of starch (w/v) on the weight loss and firmness loss of green asparagus during 4 days of storage at room temperature (26 ± 2 8C, 65-70% RH). According to the results, the coated asparagus exhibited significantly slower deterioration rate than the unc...

In the folds of this book, we will talk about the topic of Balance Theory, of which the basic ideas were developed by the Austrian scientist (Fritz Haider). We will also learn about Graph Theory and its close connection with Balance Theory, and how did solving the Seven bridges of Königsberg Problem lead to the emergence of the first theorem in Gra...

Football has been related to various fields of linguistics, and linguistic landscape (LL) research is no exception. The study examines how football fans in a linguistically, culturally, and ethnically diverse region claim the club and the stadium as their own space in the process of reterritorialization (Monaghan 2020), due to numerous linguistic a...

Background and purposes Our research focused on an internet-based smoking cessation intervention. We analyzed the application of interaction buttons (comments, shares, and Facebook reactions) in response to Facebook posts supporting smoking cessation on a Hungarian Facebook (FB) page called „CigiSzünet” (English name: “Cigarette Break” – used later...

Nowadays, climate change is one of the most important problems which results in drought with increasingly extreme frequency and duration in Hungary. Recently, irrigation is a must for growing vegetables. Increasing the volume of irrigated farming is essential for the successful production of food, even in areas with less favourable conditions (irri...

In this paper, I present a possible interdisciplinary, predominantly linguistic reading of the literary text, taking as a starting point the work of Andrei Dósa entitled Multă forţă şi un dram de gingăşie [Lots of Power and a Touch of Gentleness], published in 2021 by Polirom Publishing House. This way of re-reading allows us to go beyond the basic...

The study deals with four problems of medieval Hungarian church law and church history. Firstly, it describes the debates surrounding the formation and status of the archbishopric of Kalocsa, emphasising the missionary nature of the early archbishopric; secondly, it discusses the relationship between archdeaconries associated with a provostship and...

The Decree of Toleration (1781) brought radical changes to the lives of the Calvinist, Lutheran and Orthodox denominations in the Kingdom of Hungary. The most important change was that the private religious practice was substantially extended. Another important element of the decree was that it exempted non-Catholics from the so-called decretal oat...

The Papacy became the supreme authority of the Latin Christianity at least at the turn of the twelfth–thirteenth centuries. Papal delegates, especially legati a latere were the “long arm” of the popes to settle and negotiate both ecclesiastical and political issues. In theory, papal representatives should have been given a warm welcome in the place...

This paper is a short contribution to the history of the relations between the Roman pontiffs and the Hungarian rulers, or in a broader sense, the royal family. The focus of the research is on the second half of the thirteenth century, starting with the events after the Mongol invasion of Hungary in 1241–1242 and ending with the death of the last Á...

Aims We investigated whether (1) adolescents selected friends with a similar socio-economic status (SES), (2) smoking and alcohol consumption spread in networks and (3) the exclusion of non-smokers or non-drinkers differed between SES groups. Design This was a longitudinal study using stochastic actor-oriented models to analyze complete social n...

Research background: The business environment in the countries of Central Europe is in turbulent times due to the presence of crisis phenomena and its related consequences. Support for business entities at the national level in the form of legislative changes plays an important role in the growth of the business environment of each country. Countri...

Baló's Concentric Sclerosis (BCS) is an extremely rare central nervous system demyelinating disease, often presenting as acute or subacute neurological damage, with lesions typically occurring in the brain white matter. On MRI, it manifests as one or more concentric circular structures, forming multilayered ring-like patterns. Balo's Concentric Scl...

The most successful and practical approach to solving an optimization problem is linear programming. A prime scenario of a problem is a situation where all the constraints are linear and either the function is inequalities or equivalent. Here, the problem of maximizing or minimizing an objective function was the key thing. Due to these factors, num...

This study was conducted to develop ideal post-mortem gamete retrieval and conservation methods to establish a Hungarian ex-situ in vitro gene bank. Pairs of testes from German Mutton Merino ( n = 7) and Hungarian Black Racka ( n = 7) rams were collected at a slaughterhouse, transported to the laboratory and stored overnight (4−5 °C) before process...

Theatre is the modern liminoid equivalent of ritual liminality, according to Victor Turner. It is also, like most arts, a Janus-faced phenomenon: on one hand, it is a way to systematically infect the public with mimetic desire and rivalry (this is the aspect emphasised, quite rightly, by Plato and René Girard); on the other, it also enables the pub...

The Hungarian dipterologist Kálmán Kertész (1867–1922), founder of the Diptera Collection of the Hungarian Natural History Museum, described 353 dipteran species new to science, and excluding three species, the type specimens of the new taxa were deposited his mother institute. The type material of 241 species has been destroyed by fire in 1956, wh...

Background: Exercise during pregnancy is known to have positive effects on both maternal and foetus health. Despite international recommendations advocating regular exercise for healthy pregnant women survey data indicate that physical activity decreases during pregnancy, particularly in the third trimester. This study aims to assess the physical i...

Three voucher specimens of Coleophora millefolii Zeller, 1849 (Lepidoptera: Coleophoridae) from Hungary are deposited in the Hungarian Natural History Museum. All of them were collected more than 70 years ago, in 1952, by László Gozmány on Hársbokor hill near Budakeszi (Pest County). We report eleven additional, more recent localities of this speci...

Our study examines whether there are differences between Roma and non-Roma students in three non-cognitive abilities related to emotional stability: locus of control, self-esteem, and depression. We have three main findings. First, based on raw indicators, Hungarian Roma students on average perform worse than their non-Roma peers in the examined no...

Due to the similarity between the pathomechanism of SARS-CoV-2 infections and hereditary angioedema due to C1-inhibitor deficiency (C1-INH-HAE), a possibility emerged that C1-INH-HAE may worsen the course of the infection, or that the infection may influence the severity of angioedema (HAE) attacks in C1-INH-HAE patients. Our study aimed to evaluat...

Educational higher institutions have a key role to play in educating enlightened and far-sighted young generations who can and want to do it at both the individual and society levels all over the world. The three pillars of sustainable development: social, economic and environmental; all three must be considered together; in this manuscript we focu...

Phyllocnistis valentinensis Hering, 1936 (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) is reported for the first time from Romania (Transsylvania), and hitherto unknown early Hungarian records of this species are provided. Coptodisca lucifluella (Clemens, 1861) (Lepidoptera: Heliozelidae), an introduced Nearctic species already known from Romania, is newly recorde...

Understanding the factors that determine the abundance of populations is of key importance in conservation biology, ecology, and biogeography. For grassland-associated species, such as the Hungarian meadow viper (Vipera ursinii rakosiensis), habitat management is particularly important. We aimed to study the effects of the three most common types o...

Aiming to solve the problem of the identity switching of objects with similar appearances in real scenarios, a multi-object tracking approach combining contextual features and trajectory prediction is proposed. This approach integrates the motion and appearance features of objects. The motion features are mainly used for trajectory prediction, and...

Deep geological storage is the accepted solution for the final disposal of high-level radioactive waste therefore, it is necessary to study the host rock of the planned Hungarian waste repository and the materials involved in the engineered barriers. The main goal was to understand the characteristics and stability of the glass/steel/claystone syst...

The article deals with a very up-to-date issue, the ‘voice of the child’, i.e. the implementation of the child's right to be heard in parental responsibility matters and cases. My aim is to find an answer to the question of how the Hungarian codification, judiciary and academic legal literature have changed over the last decade and how they have ad...

In the late evening hours of 15 June 2022, Croatian colleagues from the Beli Manastir police informed our authority that in the evening, during the medical examination of a 31-year-old woman who was brought to the hospital in Osijek in severe anaemia, signs of a recent delivery were detected. According to the primary information, the woman claimed...

In the 21st century, the two administrative instruments that have the greatest impact on the legal situation of members of society, administrative enforcement and administrative legislation, have been and are being confronted with a number of social challenges (global economic crisis, refugee crisis, epidemics and pandemics). The challenges of the...

The treatise De vino Tokaiensi (On Tokaj Wine) written by Sámuel Domby of Gálfalva (1729–1807), is a valuable source on Hungarian history of culture and science which has become widely accessible thanks to its facsimile edition. This medical doctoral dissertation published in 1758 in Utrecht presents a study of the medicinal effects of Tokaj wine,...

Understanding the invasion potential of any plant species is crucial for early detection in habitat conservation, particularly when observing their expansion within their native region. As a test species, we utilised Allium ursinum L., a dominant clonal species in early spring forest floors. We compared the species' germination capacity in native (...

The article is a discussion of the Hungarian book by Máté Tóth, a researcher and librarian in Hungary: ”Social Roles of Libraries in the Light of empirical research data” (Szentendre, Hamvas Béla Pest Megyei Könyvtár, 2022), in which he draws attention to the social roles of libraries. The author substantiates the raison of this role with his empir...

A popular trend in 16th-century Hungarian Neo-Latin poetry was the transposition of biblical, especially Old Testament books and texts. Georg Purkircher (Georgius Purkircher) paraphrased the Book of Wisdom, Péter Laskai Csókás (Petrus C. Lascovius) the Song of Songs, János Bocatius (Johannes Bocatius) the Book of Sirach/Ecclesiasticus, and Leonhard...

Mihály Forgách studied at the Athenaeum of Strasbourg, at the University of Wittenberg, and in Italy. He is a person of importance for the Hungarian scholars, as the famous and popular philosopher of this age, Justus Lipsius was ready to answer one of his letters. The Lutheran Library of Annaberg-Buchholz keeps one of his until now inedited epistle...

In a previous paper (Justification for ’Scrapping the Sky’, Ybl Journal of Built Environment, Vol. 7/1,) I set an overall framework for reviewing the elusive topic from its history to the state-of-theart, with a particular focus on urban design perspectives. While conducting the research, the subject offered many interesting (sometimes even surpris...

The study discusses the tasks and possibilities of language-oriented practical activities and presents such practices of the Linguistics Research Center (Hungarian Academy of Sciences), including the Language Use and Language Counseling Research Group, primarily focusing on the role and operation of language counseling. The analysis validates the a...

In recent work, heat-technical modeling, life cycle assessment, and rehabilitation of the vernacular adobe wall house is discussed. Our topic choice is based on the fact that a significant part of the Hungarian rural housing stock consist of adobe-walled buildings. The adobe wall construction is especially perfect for the seasonal climatic equalizi...

Introduction Multiple evidence suggests that the vast majority of children in the Child Welfare System (CWS) are victims of early, chronic, and multiple adverse childhood experiences. However, the 10-item version of the Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire (ACE-10) has never been tested in such a particularly vulnerable population as adolesc...

Background Compelling evidence supports the role of childhood traumatization in the etiology of psychiatric disorders, including adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (aADHD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD). The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Hungarian version of the Childhood Trauma Questionn...

sszefoglalás: Háttér: A tudományos publikációk digitalizált adatbázisai lehetôséget adnak arra, hogy a tudomány egészének, vagy egy tudományágnak a fejlôdését és szerkezetét tanulmányozzuk. Ehhez a bibliometria és tudomány-metria kvalitatív módszerei segítenek hozzá, valamint a "tudomány tudománya" (Science of Science) néven ismert multidiszcipliná...

“The essential facts of backness harmony in Hungarian are well known.” Hungarian backness harmony is clearly the best known and most frequently analysed aspect of Hungarian phonology and the authors of most treatments would agree with this statement from Ringen & Vago 1998 (p394). However, even current analyses often rely on a data set and assumpti...

The paper “Black Monasteries”: Hungarian and Italian Literature and Popular Writing in the First World War analyzes War literature and the directly related literature about internment camps, both relating to the First World War, which had a different development in Hungary and Italy; however, similar features can be found in them. Regarding these a...

Background Neurocognitive aging and the associated brain diseases impose a major social and economic burden. Therefore, substantial efforts have been put into revealing the lifestyle, neurobiological and genetic underpinnings of healthy neurocognitive aging. However, these studies take place almost exclusively in a limited number of highly-develope...

This article presents a data-driven approach called Intelligent Team Formation and Player Selection (ITFPS), aimed at assisting football coaches in making informed decisions about team formation and player selection. The proposed approach utilizes deep neural networks to evaluate the suitability of each player for different positions on the field....

Cross-laminated timber (CLT) has become a massive commercial success in recent years due to its high performance, technological advantages, and low environmental impact. The finite softwood raw material supply has motivated researchers to find alternatives. This study presents an investigation of the viability of some Hungarian hardwood materials,...

Politikai bátorság – e két szó olyan fogalompárt alkot, aminek megnyilvánulásával tettekben ma már csak ritkán lehet találkozni. A politikában az erkölcsi ítélkezés és a társadalmi igazságosság helyett a pragmatizmus vált uralkodóvá, ahol a cselekvés a hatalom megszerzésére és megtartására, a stratégiai és taktikai előny megtalálására és az elfogad...

In the early 1990s, as part of the political transition, a comprehensive reform of the Hungarian health system was launched, including the transformation of tax-based financing into a social health insurance (SHI) system. The SHI was financed by contributions paid by employers and employees and operated by a newly created institution, the National...

This study examines the competitive nature of the Hungarian plastics industry sector based on 2010-2019 data from the Crefoport database.. The aim of the study is to examine that how close the market of plastic industry companies is to perfect competition. Market efficiency was investigated using a Markov chain and profit persistence estimation (Ar...