Human Activities - Science topic

AI can be designed to optimise organisational management processes such as performance analysis, project management and task delegation. The question is whether AI should take on the role of a leader in an organisation or whether people should remain responsible for making key decisions. Research shows that AI technology in the role of an organisation leader can improve the efficiency of processes based on data and optimisation of activities. On the other hand, AI as an organisation leader may not take into account the important emotional and social elements that are key to people management. Therefore, perhaps the best solution is to combine human leaders with AI tools that support decisions and optimise processes, but do not replace human interaction. In light of this, the question is about the evolution of the role of leaders in organisations. Although AI can bring huge benefits in terms of efficiency, process optimisation and analysis, it cannot replace people's leadership skills, which include aspects such as team motivation, intuition and conflict resolution. People have the ability to make decisions based on moral and ethical values, which is crucial in managing organisations. AI can be a powerful tool to support leaders, but it should not completely replace them in the role of decision makers.

My articles below are related to the above issues in some aspects:

I have described the key issues of the opportunities and threats to the development of artificial intelligence technologies in my article below:

OPPORTUNITIES AND THREATS TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE APPLICATIONS AND THE NEED FOR NORMATIVE REGULATION OF THIS DEVELOPMENT

I have described crisis management in companies in the article:

CRISES IN THE ENVIRONMENT OF BUSINESS ENTITIES AND CRISIS MANAGEMENT

I have described the application of Big Data technology in sentiment analysis, business analytics and risk management in my co-authored article:

APPLICATION OF DATA BASE SYSTEMS BIG DATA AND BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE SOFTWARE IN INTEGRATED RISK MANAGEMENT IN ORGANISATION

And what is your opinion on this matter?

Please answer,

I invite everyone to join the discussion,

Thank you very much,

Best wishes,

I invite you to scientific cooperation,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

I wonder whether what humans define as "sustainable systems" may be temporary states within longer cycles of resource abundance and scarcity.

Are our sustainability frameworks simply attempts to preserve human-favorable conditions within natural systems that are inherently prone to dramatic transitions?

How might we reconcile our pursuit of sustainability with the apparent tendency of natural systems, from bacterial colonies to forest ecosystems, to exploit available resources until reaching critical thresholds that trigger reorganization?

In the pursuit of human progress, science has undeniably transformed the material aspects of life—advancing our health, wealth, and technology. Yet, there remains an uncharted territory: how can science be leveraged not just for physical abundance but to elevate the very essence of human existence, fostering prosperity, happiness, health, and even spiritual fulfillment? Can we scientifically engineer a model of living where every individual experiences bliss, vitality, and peace, while also nurturing the collective well-being of society?

The concept of "blissful living" is deeply rooted in ancient wisdom, yet modern scientific advancements in neuroscience, quantum physics, psychology, and social behavior offer unprecedented opportunities to explore this ideal. How do the principles of neuroscience—shaping our understanding of the brain and emotions—align with quantum physics' potential to transcend the limitations of material reality? How can social sciences bridge the gap between individual flourishing and collective harmony?

This vision calls for an integrative approach that combines the best of both the material and spiritual dimensions, enabling us to understand and cultivate abundance, health, wealth, and happiness not as separate pursuits, but as interconnected aspects of a higher state of existence. A holistic, scientifically grounded pathway to blissful living could revolutionise how we approach human well-being on a global scale, offering a framework for not just surviving, but thriving in a way that fosters a deeper connection to self, others, and the divine.

The project I'm currently working on aims to create a deep learning model for Human Activity Recognition. I'm focusing on system design and implementation. Could someone please help me by sharing some papers or document links to better understand system design and implementation?

Thank you in advance for your assistance.

In recent years, from the many studies conducted in the problem of the sources and effects of climate change, it has become clear that the process of global warming continues to accelerate, that industrial and energy global greenhouse gas emissions remain high, that the scale of the negative effects of progressive climate change continues to expand, that the risk of permanently exceeding the level of 2 deg. C of average atmospheric temperature relative to the level before the first industrial (technological) revolution, and that the ever-accelerating process of global warming may irreversibly spiral out of control, may irreversibly become an irreversible process, and will do so within the next few decades. A new report by the humanitarian organization Oxfam shows that in 2019 the richest part of the world's population. accounting for 1 percent of humanity, emitted as much carbon dioxide as two-thirds of the Earth's population. According to the aforementioned Oxfam report, the richest 1 percent of people accounted for 16 percent of the world's total CO2 emissions in 2019. According to the humanitarian organization Oxfam, additional, appropriate and adequate taxation of the super-rich would help reduce both climate change and inequality. According to Oxfam's projections, increased CO2 emissions will lead to up to 1.3 million deaths from excessive heat. Most of these will occur between 2020 and 30. Oxfam Executive Director Amitabh Behar said that "the super-rich are plundering and polluting the planet, causing humanity to suffocate from extreme heat, floods and drought." In addition to this, Oxfam Executive Director Amitabh Behar also stated that "For years we have been fighting to end the fossil fuel era to save millions of lives and our planet. (It is now) clearer than ever that this will be impossible until we also end the era of extreme wealth." "Not taxing the rich allows the richest to steal from us, ruin our planet and deviate from democracy. Taxing extreme wealth changes our chances of fighting both inequality and the climate crisis. Trillions of dollars are at stake to invest in dynamic, green 21st century governments, but also to strengthen our democracies." In view of the above, it is essential to impose additional taxes on the richest who own industrial corporations that emit greenhouse gases, and with the money raised, renewable and emission-free energy sources should be developed, and those regions of the world that are most threatened by permanent heat, water shortages, floods and other negative effects of ongoing climate change, including, above all, the accelerating process of global warming, should be secured. In recent days there has been another very disturbing development for the future of humanity, the future of the biosphere, biodiversity and the planet's climate. More data has emerged to support the thesis that continued high greenhouse gas emissions generated by unsustainable economies, including mainly power generation through the burning of fossil fuels, are accelerating the progressive process of global warming. On 17.11.2023, for the first time, the average temp. of the planet's atmosphere reached 2 degrees C more compared to the state before the 1st industrial (technological) revolution. In view of the above, saving biodiversity, the biosphere and the planet for future generations of people should be implemented according to at least two strategies. One strategy for saving the biosphere and the planet's climate is the need to accelerate the processes of green transformation of the economy, including, first and foremost, the green transformation of the energy sector, including the development of renewable and emission-free energy sources. The second parallel strategy for saving the planet's biosphere and climate is the creation of new technological solutions, green technologies, eco-innovations, security systems, which will reduce the scale of the negative effects of the progressive process of global warming and reduce the negative impact on communities of such negative effects of climate change as increasingly severe heat, longer and longer drought periods, drinking water shortages, violent storms and floods, soil barrenness and such serious problems that can be associated with the aforementioned negative effects as epidemics and high levels of environmental pollution.

In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:

And what is your opinion on this topic?

What is your opinion on this issue?

Please answer,

I invite everyone to join the discussion,

Thank you very much,

Best wishes,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

i want the problem statement and objectives of this topic for final year project presentation

Every war and every battle has a long-term effect on the quality of life we live, the quality of air we breathe, and on the sustainability of our natural ecosystem.

So there a time has to come when we will reach a critical point of sustenance, post which any further war will bring catastrophe for every living soul.

So what's you opinion on how far we are from this point of no return?

Dear Researchers: I am wondering why we say the Climate is Changed. I think it doesn't make sense, because in science, the word "Change" is used to describe a situation when a phenomenon changes from One State to Another State without returning to its Initial State, correct?

But, Climate components, e.g., temperature and precipitation, have been going through Temporal Variability over the scale of days, weeks, months, years, decades, centuries, and ..., due to Temporal Variability in Solar Activities, correct (please, exclude the yearly seasonal variability due to the rotation of Earth's axis)?

If we think about the two periods in our Geological History such as the Ice Age and the Warming Era, it can prove that climate had been historically varying over Temporal Scales, correct? And, those Variabilities had nothing to do with human and human activities when at the Ice Age and the Warming Era, no human existed on the Earth, correct?

So, who was in charge of those variabilities if humans were not existing on Earth?

Sun and Temporal Variability in Solar Activities?

And, the last but most important question, when air temperature varies/fluctuates over two consecutive days, do you think the amount of greenhouse gases, especially the criminal one, CO2, can be that much increased/decreased Over A Day to cause the variations in air temperature?

Or, the Variations in Air Temperature for the most part is because of the Variations in Solar Activities with subsequent Variations in Solar Heat Release?

And the 2nd last question, can the horrifying words "Climate Change" with further implications made out of it to blame Humans as the main driver of "Climate Change" significantly influence our minds and hearts to Easily Accept the Depopulation of our Planet Earth by ...?

And the 3rd last question, can a substantial decrease in the CO2 level of our Earth's Atmosphere have some sort of side effects (negative impacts) on our Earth's Environment in coming years? And, do we know what would be the optimum amount of CO2 level in our Earth's Atmosphere? And, can we take enough well-representative samples from the Atmosphere to figure out a very good estimate of CO2 level as the Atmosphere is vastly distributed in multidimensions with no clear boundaries and with very dynamic behaviors over spatial and temporal scales?

Updates on April 20, 2024: First, many thanks to all contributors to this discussion for sharing their thoughts and ideas. I want to expand the scope of this discussion after reading all the answers provided by the contributors to this discussion, as follows:

Please, also consider that asking these questions doesn't mean I am against environmental pollutants; instead, I advocate for having clean environments and thus saving lives, for example, by manufacturing electric cars or generating electricity following the green (more environmentally friendly) approach using wind turbines or solar panels.

However, we may not be able to avoid the consumption of fossil fuels in our lives as most of the appliances used in houses, cars, factories, industries, etc, are plastic-based and made from fossil fuels.

So, if it is impossible to avoid the consumption of fossil fuels in our lives and given that the produced CO2 from burning fossil fuels is a food source for plant growth and flourishing on the Earth, what other things, beyond the green approach of generating electricity, could be done to protect the environment and reduce the pollutants?

We know that environmental damage & pollution are highly related to poverty. Could the consumption of fossil fuels, by filtering out the pollutants (not the CO2, as it is not a pollutant to air since plants are consuming it during daily photosynthesis and producing it during nocturnal respiration) in the refineries and factories, boost the economy of producer and consumer countries of fossil fuels and thus reduce poverty around the world?

If so, may the world leaders and rulers care more about patriotism & nationalism than wrongly defined globalism and thus help to elect a person in each country to improve their economy and eventually reduce poverty?

May following this approach help to minimize environmental destruction and pollution and further consequences such as water and migration crises around the world?

Time isn't a consideration of the sensual responses sent to the brain but events are. Time is rather a consideration of the mind.

17th February, 2024: Update, to the above question and its description, here: The exploration of the human brain, mind, and consciousness reveals a complex relationship between the tangible and the intangible aspects of human cognition. This text distinguishes between the brain and the mind, drawing an analogy between them and computer hardware and software. While the brain serves as the physical organ associated with the body, the mind is portrayed as the realm of thoughts, emotions, and imagination. In everyday language, the terms "brain" and "mind" are often used interchangeably, despite their distinct roles. The brain acts as the biological foundation for mental activities, while the mind encompasses processes such as thought, perception, emotion, and memory. This text underscores the unique cognitive abilities of the human mind, including logical reasoning and problem-solving, enabling humans to interpret their environment and develop practical solutions. It highlights the essential role of the human mind in advancing scientific knowledge, replacing superstitions with empirical explanations for phenomena, including the causes of diseases. In short, this exploration deepens our understanding of the intricate interplay between the brain and the mind, affirming the mind's pivotal role in human cognition, scientific progress, and the evolution from superstition to knowledge.

I want to develop a system based on the neural network that can accurately and fast recognize human actions in real-time, both from live webcam feeds and pre-recorded videos. My goal is to employ state-of-the-art techniques that can handle diverse actions and varying environmental conditions.

I would greatly appreciate any insights, recommendations, or research directions that experts could provide me with.

Thank you so much in advance.

Recent data suggests that human activities are causing significant changes to our beloved Earth. However, it is worth noting that many countries in Asia, Europe, and other regions are experiencing low birth rates. This trend indicates a potential decrease in the world population in the future.

Do you believe this could contribute to the long-term sustainability of the Earth?

Researchers and Neuroscientists!

Submit your cutting-edge research to the esteemed journal "Brain Sciences" for the upcoming special issue on "The Impact of Posture and Movement on Intrinsic Brain Activity."

⏰ Submission Deadline: February 5, 2024

Visit our website for more details and to submit your research: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/brainsci/special_issues/XVTOSW8SH0

Spread the word to your colleagues and collaborators! Together, let's advance our understanding of how posture and movement shape the brain's functioning!

#CallforPapers #BrainSciencesJournal #Posture #Movement #IntrinsicBrainActivity #NeuroscienceResearch #FunctionalConnectivity

Dr. Mehran Emadi Andani

Guest Editor, Brain Sciences

As we studied after industrial revolution taylor introduced scientific management so in current issues what changeS will be done? will manpower and human struggle totally convert into artificial intelligence?

Dear All,

I want to know any available article of statistical method to estimate - Human activities (Anthropogenic), which can accelerate snow melting. Please help to find any suitable method to any published article on this topic.

There are several human activities (GHGs emission, CO2 release, urbanization etc.), which resulted massive snow melting now a days. But to quantify the percentage (%) of share coming from Human activities, which causing SCA change.

Thanks in advance.

Abhishek Banerjee

Email - babai632@gmail.com

Anyone in biomechanics research involved in human activity recognition?

One interesting AI approach is "Few-shot Learning" or "Zero-shot Learning" where a model can identify classes that are 'new' or 'unseen' from the training set. Could this approach be used in a biomechanics context?

Imagine you are wearing an exoskeleton and have to move your foot in an awkward position to avoid falling. However, the machine learning-based controller is confused about what you're trying to do because the training data of the model does not include this scenario's sequence of actions.

Humans often perform tasks that perhaps were 'unexpected.' It's often difficult to capture every type of activity a human may encounter in daily life in a motion-capture setting. Could Zero-shot Learning be the key ingredient to predict an activity that the model never previously encountered?

Here's what I am thinking:

Quoting CNN report: https://www.cnn.com/2022/12/12/politics/nuclear-fusion-energy-us-scientists-climate/index.html

"For the first time ever, US scientists at the National Ignition Facility at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California successfully produced a nuclear fusion reaction resulting in a net energy gain, a source familiar with the project confirmed to CNN.

The US Department of Energy is expected to officially announce the breakthrough Tuesday."

We all know what All Mankind have been through for the last decades, of which the climate change, energy crisis, etc. have always been pains in the neck. They directly or indirectly caused the shortage, inflation, supply-chain disruptions, regional/global economic crisis, or even escalated conflicts. Now, here comes a promising solution! (I personally suppose such an incredible scientific breakthrough deserves multiple Nobel Prizes!)

Assuming this major scientific breakthrough is solid and safe. Here come more interesting questions that are perhaps worth our attention and discussion:

1. How long would it take for this scientific breakthrough to be transferred to engineering deployment and energy usage in our daily life? < 10 years, 10-30 years, 30 - 50 years, or > 50 years?

2. What could you think of the pros/cons of this breakthrough (e.g., would it help mitigate the climate change, poverty issues, and regional/global conflicts over energy and resources? ), and what should be first done before the deployment? Legislation, international treaties, environmental protection, and/or etc.?

3. How do you think this breakthrough will accelerate all mankind to the Type-I Civilization (according to Kardashev Scale) and become a Spaceborne Civilization/Species?

(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kardashev_scale)

4. What would be your thoughts/ideas/advice/suggestions/opinions on this breakthrough and how it can better serve all mankind?

Hello community,

I am looking for the best reviews / surveys about HAR (Human Action Recognition) that have been written up until now starting from classic approaches, feature based machine learning, to modern deep learning based approaches.

It is not mandatory that the review cover all of the three categories.

Thank you.

Source: https://iai.tv/articles/ai-lies-and-deception-auid-1805

Image Source: https://www.maize.io/news/into-the-unknown/

Kindly suggest a good depth HAR dataset and related papers with some coding to start my experiments.

how do you understand life as it is really big suspense, why we are here, our consciousness is big unconsciousness and our unconsciousness big consciousness.

We are making progress in every field but rather we are forgetting our our goal our own humanity we are treating each other like ......

Bone marrow produce our immune cells & maintain homeostasis throughout the physiological system. Temperature, one of the factor among many, plays significant role in immunology immuno ontogenesis. I was trying to find the literature reporting the bone marrow temperature, but couldn't find any. If you find any of such literature, please share. Thank you

Do we need to understand zoonotic diseases better to avoid more pandemics in future? Should we all turn vegetarians? Is eating animals the only issue or there are some other human-animal interactions which need to be understood? Will vising the zoos be safe? Or even keeping pet animals?

Please have a logical discussion around these and ask related questions.

I'm working with an accelerometer-based dataset capturing accelerations from the human thigh. Most HAR processes will have window segmentation to break down the signal into samples, and pre-processing of the signals (i.e filtering) prior to feature extraction. By doing both processes on the same signal from my dataset and subtracting the difference, I've found that the resulting output signal is different depending on the order these two operations are carried out.

Which of these processes should be carried out first? In the literature, I have seen several instances of either approach being taken.

Egyptian archaeologists have unearthed ancient coffins in the desert near the Saqqara necropolis in Egypt in September 2020. According to information, they were buried more than 2,500 years ago, and those coffins are well-protected naturally.

Further, archaeologists believe that those haven’t been opened since their burial thousands of years ago. Since these are well-protected, some viruses that belong to that era could be found in the coffins.

I would like to discuss the possibility of activation of 2500-year-old sleeping viruses from such ancient coffins.

[ Photo credit: The Egyptian Ministry of Antiquities/Handout via Reuters] 

The West Antarctic Peninsula is one of the fastest warming areas on Earth, with only some areas of the Arctic Circle experiencing faster rising temperatures. However, since Antarctica is a big place, climate change is not having a uniform impact, with some areas experiencing increases in sea ice extent. Yet in others, sea ice is decreasing, with measurable impacts on wildlife. Scientist believes that understanding climate change impacts on Antarctica is a matter of critical importance for the world and for the continent itself.

The effects of global warming in Antarctica may include rising temperatures and increasing snow melt and ice loss. The rising temperature may be causing more icebergs to form by weakening the glaciers, causing more cracks and making ice more likely to break off. As soon as theice falls into the ocean, the ocean rises a little. If all of the Antarctic ice melted,sea levels around the world would rise about 61 meters (200 feet).

Dear researchers, please provide your prestigious opinion on this important matter. Thank you

Hi, I am doing human activity recognition. In my task, feature scaling gives low accuracy, rather than keeping original feature values. But my feature values are not in either [-1 1] or [0 1]. So, why do I get low accuracy after feature scaling?

I am choosing between RNN and CNN to train an AI model, for a Video Images Human Activities Recognition System. Which of those (RNN, CNN) should be used?

Hi,

I have been working on online action recognition (you estimate actions from stream of a video). I have read some papers about this issue. There are two approaches that often utilized.

1. Using sliding window to estimate an action from sequence of frame.

2. Estimating action frame by frame

For the first approach, mostly missclassification occurs during onset and offset phase (when a person starts or stop performing an action).

For the second, we should predict an action based on glimpse of information, since decision should be made as soon as possible.

I want to ask about what do you think about those approaches?

Any suggestions will be very helpful

Hi, I am trying to do Activity Recognition with a labelled dataset containing data coming from an accelerometer, 30 binary sensors and proximity beacons.

A row example from the dataset would be:

x, y, z, s1, s2, s3, s4, s5, b1, b2

where x,y,x are continuous values coming from the accelerometer, s1,..,s5 are sensor with values 1 or 0 and b1, b2 are proximity beacons represented by their rssi value.

My biggest question is: how to use all this data together?

I tried:

But I was wondering if it was possible to do something more complex considering the different sources of data.

i'm trying to run the code of MATLAB about human activity learning but i got stuck at the last stage of "classifier"

i saw your post on the math forum 

could you please help me with some details like (what is the table imported in the classifier app , classifier type selected , .... etc) ?

here below is the link i'm talking about

UCI Human Activity Recognition (HAR) Data set is easily available on internet as well as on kaggle if someone had worked on it then do let know.

I have studied some related works about action recognition in videos. I want to know what are the major limitation of feature such as Volume Time Space features, motion features, trajectory features etc.

How can human activity affect the ecosystem of rangeland?

I have data on the release of CO from the ground followed by the production of ozone at the ground-to-air interface. There is also evidence that radon release is also influenced by human activity that translates into a small increase in the vibrational load of the ground.

I am trying to use the HAR dataset (see attached link) to test my activity recognition algorithm. However, before using it to test my own method, I am trying to make sense of the data, and understand the features that are extracted.

As a simple test I tried to reproduce them, starting with the mean. I calculated the arithmetic mean of the first row of values in the data/train/Inertial Signals/body_acc_x_train.txt file. If I understand the explanation correctly, this should be the first value of the first line of data/train/X_train.txt However when computing the mean, I obtained 0.00226869, whereas the value in the X_train.txt file is 0.28858

This same discrepancy occurs for the y and z values. If I omit the division by 128 (number of samples in a window) then the value is nearer (at least of the same order of magnitude), but still further off than floating point errors should account for (just to be sure, I used the bigfloat package in my Python code with a precision of 15 to ensure the rounding errors were not the problem on my side.

I understand this is a rather niche question and sent it to the admin of the data set, unfortunately, he's out of office until the end of August, so thought I'd ask here in case someone has experience with using this dataset.

I would like to have data on normal human activities and associated metabolic rates for use in estimation heat and CO2 emitted during various normal activities. 

I'm preparing a framework based on context- awareness , i need to model data (location from GPS, time, daily events from calendar, and human activities) using Bayesian Network or decision tree for inference high level context.

Could you help me to know which of them is suitable to me and candidate the suitable software to me?

Hello, I am trying to investigate people's experience of the Bullet train station. And I want to study from people's activity perspective. Here is my question;  

How can I study people's activities in a complex environment? For example, people's activities in the train station. Can I use observation method? Is there any books about observation method? 

Thank you so much. 

For instance qualities such as personalizations or permeability are not easily quantifiable. I need to compare three case studies in terms of these qualities and evaluate how these might affect human activities and interactions.

Could you please suggest some similar methodologies or analysis?

human activities that have escalated the problem

Some people have a very regular life style, which forms a pattern in terms of spatial and temporal aspects. However, some other individuals like trying different things, which makes their life to be more uncertainty.

Can we model human mobility pattern? Does it make sense to predict human movements?

The question revolves around the concept of acidification of estuaries, as an ecological process which may be induced by human activities. In tropical conditions, high rainfall, heat and high primary production and specific geological settings may determine soil acidic conditions, which may control relatively low pH conditions in estuaries (i.e., in the lower tract of hydrogeographic basins). I am looking for the available literature and an overview/discussion on the state of art of this topic.

How many researchers are interested in the impact of climate change and human activities on runoff at an annual scale? What is the optimized scale?

All too often, people talking about biodiversity or ecosystem preservation (be it in the frame of climate/global change or of mitigation of other human activities, like agriculture or urbanisation) convey a message that we should basically maintain the current state, implying that any change would be for the worse and that human actions can only damage nature, not improve it. This somehow ignores the very principle of evolution - which means (in Darwin's words) change through descent with modification. There are attempts in conservation biology to use evolutionary processes (like in the dynamic management of genetic ressources used for some agricultural species), but these are marginal compared to the dominant 'preservation as identical' position. Aren't we missing the whole point of life evolution and of man being part of it when advocating to preserve the current status, rather than allow nature to evolve with us?

I am interested in any new studies that detail on how urban form interacts with the way in which users of public spaces engage in activities and, particularly, the profile of these users and how the activities were categorized. I have read the "classics" on this and was wondering whether any new research has been performed on this, either from an urban planning or environmental psychology perspective. Thank you for any ideas.

I am looking for someone who is interested in water pollution, environmental problems, water quality, impact of human activities on water, importance of water for the people. I have made an article about the influence of human activities on water quality in Romania and now I am searching for some interested people which want to colaborate on the paper.

If you're interested, please contact me and we can see if we can make a great job !

I am looking for literature on how to carry out research on human activity recognition.  

I want to know the best tutorials in human actions recognition.

I want to know the last techniques of classification in images and videos to enhance the precision of classification.

UFOs (Unidentified Flying Objects) were never a threat to the security of humankind. But repeatedly it has been claimed that residents, military personnel in particular, have seen them flying, sometimes crashing into the field. One such incident happened recently on January 23rd, 2014, in Raleigh, North Carolina. One of the enhanced images of it is attached here.

Have these things ever existed and if yes, what are they made of?

How can I find moment of inertia of a human body bending / leaning forward? Is there any data related to this?

I am trying to find out the ways to improve a human relationship through design. In the research, there are a few senses that can enhance the relationship. Hence, architects can consider these senses in their designs to connect the community.

I have noticed that someone can find a lot of work on Human activity recognition, but just a few ones focus on human activity detection problem (also referred in literature as activity localization or action spotting). This renders human activity recognition useless for real-life applications, as most videos are unsegmented and cannot be annotated as global entities that contain just one action. Do you have any suggestions - ideas concerning how this problem might be solved?