History of Social Science - Science topic

Research made simple by "Dr. Patrick Ndalama".

They are interrelated somehow.

Progress, including the development of technology, new discoveries, the development of science, the creation of innovative solutions, etc. is made thanks to the creative work of scientists, entrepreneurs, managers, citizens running a business and implementing innovations, new solutions, technologies for economic and other processes.

Regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

It seems that that mgazine is located at Paris

Bibliothèque de l'Hôtel de Ville

See https://bibliotheques-specialisees.paris.fr/ark:/73873/pf0000320661

The are telling that they have years 1925, 1926 & 1927

Best Regards

In most developing countries academy productivity at almost every field of knowledge derives from public institutions, so the profile of such element is dependent of national or regional policies. 'Third wolrd' nations suffer from academy / research programs that frequently lack of idoneity, global-orientation and long-term scope. In order to overcome barriers for academy expansion a new order of policy-makers interested in elevating academic / research profile of a given country have to develop long-term planning emphasizing local priorities and global trends,

Women and depression: Risk factors and treatment issues: Final report of the American Psychological Association's National Task Force on Women and Depression.

McGrath, Ellen (Ed); Keita, Gwendolyn Puryear (Ed); Strickland, Bonnie R. (Ed); Russo, Nancy Felipe (Ed)

Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association Women and depression: Risk factors and treatment issues: Final report of the American Psychological Association's National Task Force on Women and Depression.(1990). xiv 123 pp. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/10074-000

Dear Yoshinori,

Thanks for your kind words. I perfectly agree with you that Say never fully understood Ricardo and was perhaps even intent on not understanding him or rather misunderstanding him. I attach a paper Christian Gehrke and I published in 2001 on Say and Ricardo on value and distribution.

That utility matters in order for goods to have value was not disputed by Smith or Ricardo, but neither of them was a utilitarian. They also did not object to the view that demand and supply matter in determining market prices, but they disputed that they play a role in determining natural or normal prices. Supply in this context was taken to be a given actual offer and not a supply function. Similarly, demand was used in an everyday language and not in the sense of a definite quantitative relationship between the amount demanded and the price of a commodity. Representatives of the German use value school, who invented the concept marginal utility, did not see their ideas in conflict with Adam Smith's theory, but rather as adding some flesh to it. (See my piece on the German and Austrian schools.)

John Stuart Mill interestingly stated that due to Ricardo's achievement the theory of value was complete. However, when dealing with the problem of joint production he abandoned this view and claimed that demand plays an important role. Alas, in discussing the case of two products being produced by means of a single process (e.g. wool and mutton) he assumed that there is only one process available and the system of equations is thus short of one equation to determine all unknowns. Had he allowed for two (or several) methods of production he would have had to develop a more sophisticated argument. (I published a paper on "Early Classical and Marginalist Economists on Joint Production"  in 1986 in Metroeconomica.)

Ricardo was not well received in Germany, which was under the spell of old cameralist traditions and later of Say. People abhorred abstract reasoning and understandably had difficulties to come to grips with it. But there were notable exceptions to the rule. These included Hermann and von Thünen in the first half of the 19th century and then towards its end von Bortkiewicz, to name but a few.

Best,

Heinz