History of History - Science topic

Social History, History of Epidemics, Epidemiology

This book highlights the diverse roles of the humanities in the history of the Swedish welfare society. This society has often been seen as dominated by an instrumental view of knowledge that rewarded the social sciences, natural sciences and technology, but the contributions in this book show the significant role that the humanities played in the...

Medical schools rely on a wide range of tools, technologies and materials for their teaching, on books, and bodies, and on the buildings which house them. This article considers the histories of this material culture in the three oldest medical schools operating in Ghana today. Borrowing theoretical concepts from Science and Technology Studies, med...

Professor Davis Coakley (1946-2022) was an outstanding physician, historian, and leader of reform in medical services and education. This inaugural Davis Coakley Memorial Lecture, delivered in The Edward Worth Library at Dr Steevens' Hospital, Dublin, Ireland, on 28 September 2023, focuses on 'Medicine in History & History in Medicine'. It explores...

Nietzsche distinguishes four kinds of history: “scientific,” “monumental,” “antiquarian,” and “critical.” Scientific history, history as mere information, he claims, harms life. Nineteenth-century culture is so “oversaturated” by information about past and alien cultures that it is succumbing to moral “chaos” which leads to loss of moral confidence...

Objective To investigate whether paracetamol use is associated with a reduced risk of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Design A nationwide nested case–control study. Setting Danish female population. Population A total of 9589 EOC cases diagnosed from 2000 to 2019 were age‐matched with 383 549 randomly selected female controls using risk set sam...

Digital health programs can play a key role in supporting lifestyle changes to prevent and reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. A key concern for new programs is understanding who is interested in participating. Thus, the primary objective of this study was to utilize electronic health records (EHR) to predict interest in a digital health app...

Background: Non-communicable diseases cause, more than 50% of deaths and cardiovascular diseases emerged as the most important cause of it. Hypertension affects about 1 billion people worldwide and it is estimated that by 2025, up to 1.58 billion adults while the comorbidity of depression, anxiety, and cardiovascular diseases is an important public...

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa, including Nigeria, and is frequently observed in individuals co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Objective: This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of serological markers for hepatitis B virus and identify the associated risk factors among women wi...

Purpose Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors are widely used in chemotherapy for non-small lung cancer (NSCLC). The purpose of the current study was to examine the impact of background cardiovascular risk factors on VEGF inhibitor-related adverse vascular events (VEGF-related AVEs) in patients with NSCLC who also had comorbidities....

In his Story as History – History as Story, Byrskog applied the powerful explanatory model of oral history to the formation of the tradition and to the narrative projects of the evangelists. The model needs to be taken further to confront the view among Gospel narrative critics that narrative formation in the Gospel of Mark is such as to render its...

Background: Adverse drug reactions (ADR) are the immediate or delayed effects of drugs generally caused by drugs. Pharmacovigilance have played a vital role in the reporting of short-term as well as long-term information about adverse drug reactions. The present study focused to monitor ADRs of anti-hypertensive agents and assessment of adverse dru...

Aim: To study the clinical profile of patients with primary glaucoma in a tertiary care hospital. Method: In a descriptive study of 130 patients, detailed family history, history of systemic illness and previous treatment in past was noted in detailed. Detail ophthalmic examination with visual acuity, anterior segment examination with slit lamp, in...

The term subaltern is often understood in the light of history. Subaltern is an old term that designated the workingclass people but subaltern as a theory came into light with the introduction of collective project by a group of South Asian scholars. It is a trend of writing history that emerged in India around 1980s. Subaltern study is about the h...

Objectives The aim of the study was to analyze the association between post-extraction alveolar osteitis and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a single center. Material and Methods A monocentric cross-sectional study was carried out at NSVK Sri Venkateshwara Dental College and Hospital located in Bannerughatta, Bengaluru in the Department of...

Abstract Purpose The relationship between retear that may occur after rotator cuff repair and patient satisfaction is not well established. This study aimed to determine whether the types and size of the retear evaluated by computed tomography arthrography (CTA) influenced patient satisfaction. We also analyzed the patient factors that could affect...

O famoso trabalho de Watson & Crick de 1953 descrevendo a dupla hélice do DNA não é o marco da descoberta deste, mas sim da elucidação de sua estrutura. Esse conhecimento foi importantíssimo já que pesquisadores demonstraram anos antes que o DNA era responsável pela transmissão dos caracteres hereditários. Antes disto, vários cientistas trabalharam...

Background A large number of systematic reviews have been published that synthesized various determinants of COVID-19 vaccination intention (CVI). However, they reported inconsistent evidence. Therefore, we conducted a meta-review (systematic review of systematic reviews) to provide a comprehensive synthesis of factors influencing CVI. Methods Thi...

The article constitutes an attempt at developing a new approach to Icelandic national art, supported by an analysis of its role in the process of constructing “Icelandicness” and the Icelandic identity. It enters a dialogue with the study Kryptokoloniale landskaber: tid, sted og rum i billeder af islandsk landskab 1874–2011 by Ann-Sofie Nielsen Gre...

Lifestyle factors, including smoking habit, diet, and physical activity, affect the prognosis of various diseases. We elucidated the effect of lifestyle factors and health status on deaths from respiratory diseases in the general Japanese population using data from a community health examination database. Data of the nationwide screening program of...

In the summer of 1783, an unusual dry fog descended upon large parts of the northern hemisphere. The fog brought with it bloodred sunsets, a foul sulfuric odor, and a host of other peculiar weather events. Inspired by the Enlightenment, many naturalists attempted to find reasonable explanations for these occurrences. Between 8 June 1783 and 7 Febr...

Objectives to analyze obstetric nurses’ professional training in Minas Gerais between 1957 and 1999, according to genealogical principles. Methods a qualitative interpretative study based on historical research with genealogical analysis. Data were obtained through documentary research and oral history, with six participants, and submitted to disc...

Objectives to analyze obstetric nurses’ professional training in Minas Gerais between 1957 and 1999, according to genealogical principles. Methods a qualitative interpretative study based on historical research with genealogical analysis. Data were obtained through documentary research and oral history, with six participants, and submitted to disc...

Background: Artificial urinary sphincters (AUS) are the gold standard treatment for patients with stress urinary incontinence. However, risk factors for implant infection, complication, or re-intervention (removal, repair, replacement) are incompletely understood. We sought to understand the impact of various patient factors on the risk of device...

Background Small airway dysfunction (SAD) is a widespread but less typical clinical manifestation of respiratory dysfunction. In lung diseases, SAD can have a higher-than-expected impact on lung function. The aim of this study was to explore risk factors for SAD and to establish a predictive model. Methods We included 1233 patients in the pulmonar...

From pilgrimage sites in the far west of Europe to the Persian court; from mystic visions to a gruesome contemporary “dance”; from a mundane poem on wine to staggering religious art: thus far in space and time extends the world of the Armenians. A glimpse of the vast and still largely unexplored threads that connect it to the wider world is offered...

Objective: Indonesian health workers mostly received three doses of vaccine, using two doses of inactivated viral vaccines, followed by the mRNA vaccine platform for the third dose. This study was conducted to investigate and compare the side effects of three vaccine doses using mRNA and inactivated viral vaccines platform for health workers. Metho...

Following the Paris terror attacks in November 2015, a large number of first responders (FR) were mobilized and consequently were at risk of developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Based on the ESPA 13 November survey, the objectives of this study were to 1) describe the prevalence of PTSD and partial PTSD in FR five years after the attack...

Introduction: Identification of factors associated with blood pressure (BP), including hemoglobin, can be used in diagnosing, controlling, and predicting the prognosis of patients. This study aims to investigate the cross-sectional association between hemoglobin concentration and BP in people aged 35-70 years in a cohort study of Rafsanjan, Iran....

Purpose: To describe the natural history, genetic landscape and phenotypic spectrum of EYS- associated retinal degeneration (EYS-RD). Design: Retrospective, single-center cohort study complemented by a cross-sectional examination. Subjects: Patients with biallelic EYS variants recruited at an inherited retinal degeneration referral center in P...

Background: Disorders with a markedly slowed rate of globin chain synthesis are referred to as thalassemia. Hemoglobinopathy is a word used to describe diseases that cause structurally aberrant hemoglobin. Iron deficiency is seen in beta-thalassemia minor, which may change the typically increased HbA2 levels. According to World Health Organization...

Abstract: Purpose: To describe the demographics and clinical characteristics in a large cohort of patients with retinitis pigmentosa in Egypt. Methods: An extensive electronic medical record search gathered all patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP) seen in two major referral hospitals; Ain Shams University Hospital and Watany Eye Hospital durin...

Lifestyle factors, including smoking habit, diet, and physical activity, affect the prognosis of various diseases. We elucidated the effect of lifestyle factors and health status on deaths from respiratory diseases in the general Japanese population using data from a community health examination database. Data of the nationwide screening program of...

The review is dedicated to covering the program and topics of the Annual scientific conference of the College Art Association (САА), which took place in New York in February 2023. This conference is one of the most important scientific events in the fields of academic art history, history and theory of design, visual culture studies, museology, and...

Purpose. The paper seeks to prove the thesis of the significance and importance of the theories and methodological approaches of historical anthropology, which are aimed at understanding the meanings, essence and value systems of human existence in the past for philosophical anthropology. The study of this problem is relevant for understanding the...

Objectives Surgical lung resection involves a critical task of stapled ligation and transection of major vascular structures and tissue, which may lead to bleeding and complications. A newer powered stapling system with Gripping Surface Technology (GST) was introduced to account for tissue movements. This study aimed to examine the real-world effec...

Background Penile prosthetic implants (PPI) offer an effective treatment for erectile dysfunction. The risk of postoperative infection in primary PPI is estimated at 0.33-11.4% and up to 18% in revision surgery. The most common causative organisms include Escherichia coli and coagulase negative Staphylococcus. The AUA guidelines recommend periopera...

Abstract Background This study aimed to investigate the risk factors for incision infection after plate internal fixation for calcaneal fractures by a traditional lateral L-shaped approach. Methods The clinical data of 302 patients with calcaneal fractures who underwent surgical treatment in our hospital from January 2012 to June 2018 were retrospe...

Background Small airway dysfunction (SAD) is a widespread, but less typical clinical manifestation of respiratory dysfunction. In lung diseases, SAD can have a higher-than-expected impact on lung function. The aim of this study was to understand the factors that contribute to SAD. Methods We included 1233 patients in the pulmonary function room of...

The conceptual history of the Anthropocene is well-known: after a few scattered appearances in Soviet literature, the term Anthropocene was reignited independently by Paul Crutzen during his famous intervention at the IGBP-SC meeting in Cuernavaca in February 2000. The standard narrative of the history of the term emphasizes the role of Earth Syste...

This paper examines the African diaspora within the long-term exhibits on the history of Brazil held at the National Historical Museum (MHN) between the 1980s and 2020s. Our understanding of the African diaspora in line with Nei Lopes’ definition, in which the term refers to the forced arrival of Black Africans to be enslaved in the Americas betwee...

Aim: To compare multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) imaging findings in gastrointestinal (GI) tuberculosis. Objective: To study imaging findings of MDCT and DECT in GI tuberculosis. Methodology: All the patients falling in the sampling frame and fulfilling the eligibility criteria were clinically...

One of the distinctions in modern historiography is that between collective memory and history. Although ideal historical research is presented as objective and driven by the search for accuracy, collective memory is nearly always distorted by the current group’s needs. In the current study, we assess whether common people use this professional dis...

The article presents the life and work of Bolesława Kopelówna, a Polish literary translator who was especially active (and widely criticised) in the interwar years in Poland, and is now almost completely forgotten. The article attempts to answer the following questions: why was Kopelówna so intensely criticised? Why has she disappeared from the col...

Background: Fall-related injuries and complications are common in the elderly population. Falls can be induced by a variety of internal or extrinsic circumstances. In Pakistan, awareness about the risk factors associated with falls in the elderly population might be a great step in saving the expenses leading to the treatment of the elderly populat...

Background Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers in women and could be prevented by human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination. Cervarix, the first available HPV vaccine, has been widely administrated to Chinese women, while little was known about its effect on the prevention and control for HPV related diseases in China. The study aims to...

These are the slides from a talk on the Western Approaches Tactical Unit (WATU) that I delivered at the 2022-11-08 meeting of the Waterlooville U3A Naval History History Group.

Background and purpose: Oral health plays an important role in overall health. But little is known about the problems with oral health behaviors and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among dental patients in China. This study aimed to investigate oral health behaviors and OHRQoL, as well as to examine the effects of oral health behavior...

COVID-19 has become a global health emergency and has a complex impact on every aspect of people's lives. One of the vulnerable groups is pregnant women and breastfeeding mothers. Psychological well-being needs to be achieved by pregnant women and breastfeeding mothers to be able to get through conditions of uncertainty and threats during the pande...

The Social Lives of Chinese Objects is the first anthology of texts to apply Arjun Appadurai’s well-known argument on the social life of things to the discussion of artefacts made in China. The essays in this book look at objects as “things-in-motion,” a status that brings attention to the history of transmissions ensuing after the time and conditi...

The New York University-Università degli Studi di Roma Tre Permanent Global Seminar on Religious Diversity in Italian Urban History (RDIUH) opens a call for papers for its inaugural year. The Seminar is a global community of scholars from multiple academic institutions and disciplines devoted to the study and the discussion of religious diversity-p...

Objects To investigate the potential clinical significance between blood lipid levels and lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (LEDVT). Methods: This cohort study included 500 participants, contains 246 patients with LEDVT and 254 patients without LEDVT. The characteristics including age, sex, body mass index (BMI), disease course, ill position,...

Purpose: To study the demographics and clinical profile of keratoconus (KC) presenting in pre-teen children in India. Methods: This was a retrospective case series conducted as a single-institutional study at a tertiary eye center in India. A total of 586 eyes from 294 KC patients (aged 12 years or less) without any active comorbid conditions of...

Pulmonary Embolism (PE) causes more than 300,000 deaths per year in the United States. Early diagnosis and treatment can significantly reduce mortality. Hiccups are involuntary spasmodic contractions in the respiratory muscles (inspiratory muscles), especially the diaphragm. Due to the importance of early diagnosis and quick treatment of PE, knowin...

The objective of our paper was to answer the following question: how do patients with HPV-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma OPSCC (Population) enrolled in clinical trials (Intervention), compared with national database reports of HPV-associated OPSCC patients (Comparison), present demographically (Outcome)? We conducted a systematic rev...

The text intends to discuss the limits and possibilities of Comparative legal history. Although it played an important informative role, the descriptive and na-tionalist legal comparison of the last century finds its limits today. The current Comparative legal history project takes on the new problems of spatial mapping of legal history beyond nati...

(1) Introduction: The establishment of milk banks in the Islamic world as well as donation to Islamic families in Western countries remains a challenge in the context of human lactation. Religious reservations established since the Qur’an and regulated at the legal–religious and medical level equate milk kinship with consanguinity, which prevents d...

Introduction: The establishment of milk banks in the Islamic world as well as donation to Islamic families in Western countries remains a challenge in the context of human lactation. Religious reservations established since the Qur’an and regulated at the legal–religious and medical level equate milk kinship with consanguinity, which prevents donat...

Benign prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is an enlargement of the gland and cellular tissue of the prostate gland associated with endocrine changes related to the aging process, this condition is thought to be influenced by factors such as age, weight, smoking history, history of consuming drugs that trigger libido, history of diabetes mellitus (DM), car...

The article discusses the relation between knowledge and skills in the core curriculum in history. It begins with the analysis of how the popularity of certain concepts in didactics (e.g. working with source texts) leads to illusory changes in teaching, when introduced unawarely of their real meaning. In this account it is then considered how the b...

Background Postural instability is a common problem in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). The appropriate cooperation of vestibular, visual, and proprioceptive signals along with apt anticipatory and adaptive postural responses is essential for postural stability. Abnormalities in this sensorimotor admixture lead to postural instability in PD....

Purpose We sought to evaluate the effects of concurrent temozolomide-based chemoradiation therapy on neurocognitive function in patients with low-grade glioma (LGG). Materials/methods We included adult patients with LGG who were treated postoperatively with radiotherapy (RT) with concurrent and adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ). Patients were evaluated...

The article works as a set of introductory remarks that precede the collection of articles published under the title Teaching Legal History – History of Legal Teaching. In this article, the aims of the volume and its content are discussed.

Background: Extrafacial melasma is a rare presentation, commonly occurring in postmenopausal women with a poor etiological insight and nature of its course. We planned to decipher the natural course of extrafacial melasma based on history questionnaire. Materials and methods: Patients with diagnosis of extrafacial melasma were recruited. After i...

Background: Globally most maternal deaths occur during the postpartum period; however, the burden is disproportionately higher in some Sub-Saharan African countries including Ethiopia. According to Ethiopian Ministry of Health's annual report, in 2019 alone, nearly 70% of maternal deaths happen during the postpartum period. Although several studie...

This paper is an attempt to study the idiomatic expressions, proverbs and some unique features of idioms and proverbs of Mundari language spoken in Jharkhand. Idioms are extensively used in every language. They carry a metaphorical sense that makes their comprehension difficult as their meaning cannot be deduced from the meaning of their constituen...

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a group of rare, permanent genetic bone disorders resulting from the mutations in genes encoding type 1 collagen. It usually is inherited by an autosomal dominant pattern, but it can sometimes occur sporadically. Among the four main types, type III is the most severe type which presents with multiple bone fractures,...

For centuries, art forgery has threatened our cultural heritage’s intangible values and undermined fundamental concepts like public trust, ownership, knowledge, and identity. Moreover, honest copies and digital technologies like virtual or augmented reality nuance the uniqueness on which the protection of cultural objects is based. Beyond Forgery....

Introduction: Physical inactivity negatively impacts the functional status of the elderly during aging. Objective: To describe the activity and participation profile of physically inactive elderly and to investigate associated factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study with physically inactive elderly, aged ≥ 60 years, both sexes, with good cognitiv...

Objective To analyze the risk factors of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS)complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis༈PTB༉, so as to provide a reference for better treatment and prevention . Methods A retrospective analysis of 939 AIDS patients admitted to our hospital from January 2016 to January 2021 was divided into AIDS combined PTB group (...

Objective To analyze the risk factors of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS)complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis༈PTB༉, so as to provide a reference for better treatment and prevention . Methods A retrospective analysis of 939 AIDS patients admitted to our hospital from January 2016 to January 2021 was divided into AIDS combined PTB group (...

Objectives Surgical lung resection involves a critical task of stapled ligation and transection of major vascular structures and tissue, which may lead to bleeding and complications. A newer powered stapling system with Gripping Surface Technology (GST) was introduced to account for tissue movements. This study aimed to examine the real-world effec...

Objective To evaluate the number of episodes in the past 12 months as an indicator of the overall disease activity status in Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF). Methods In this cross-sectional study, patients were recruited from tertiary pediatric hospitals. Demographic data, main clinical symptoms of the episodes, treatment modalities, and geneti...

Background: Diabetic nephropathy is a kidney disease associated with long-standing hyperglycemia. The main features of diabetic nephropathy include nephrotic syndrome with excessive filtration of protein into the urine (proteinuria), high blood pressure (hypertension), and progressive impairment of kidney function. Objective: To find out the clinic...

At present, there is a great deal of research demonstrating the educational potential of heritage for the teaching of history. However, relevant studies have shown that, although it is a resource which is widely valued by teachers, its incorporation into the classroom remains limited. The aim of this study is to analyze the opinions of teachers in...

This article deals with the process of political and intellectual awareness that gave rise to the “generation of 1870.” Through an analysis of the “Democratic Casino Conferences in Lisbon,” this article discusses the relationship between the formation of this important group of intellectuals and the emergence of one of the first major public critic...

Abstract Background Sri Lanka eliminated malaria in November 2012 and was certified malaria-free by the World Health Organization (WHO) in September 2016 but is facing a challenge to prevent re-establishment of malaria. Influx of travellers from malarious countries and the presence of malaria vectors in formerly endemic areas make the country both...

Global governance has been hijacked by those unaccountable to any national jurisdiction nor is it regulated by the international covenants, rendering it ungovernable. UN treaties and decisions are flouted, while global governance is being shaped in G20, G8 and BRICS, containment taken precedence rather than collective security. As pundits professed...

Objective: The objective to investigate the effect of extreme body weight; obesity and undernutrition, on bone mineral density (BMD). Methodology: This study is a descriptive cross-sectional study carried between January and June of 2019, and included 224 children and adolescents without any comorbidities or chronic disease. Important data colle...

We conducted a longitudinal examination to assess the relationship between lifestyle habits, including exercise habits, and the incidence of undernutrition after the Great East Japan Earthquake in March 2011. Of the 31,411 participants aged ≥60 years who lived in the municipalities’ evacuation areas before the disaster and had undergone health exam...

Introduction: Psychiatric hospitalized patients by judicial letters are important groups, which deprives the physician of authority to make decision. One of the medical principles is to patients' rights. Objective: The aim of this study to investigate the cases of people referred by the judiciary to Shafa center. Materials and Methods: This study w...

Objective: The aim of our study was to present our case series of the trial of labor after a caesarean (TOLAC) and determine significant predictors for a successful vaginal birth after a caesarean (VBAC). Patients and methods: Women with previous single caesarean deliveries who underwent TOLAC between January 2016-December 2019 were included in...

Retained placenta is the unborn placenta after 30 minutes of the childbirth. Factors that cause retained placenta include maternal age, parity, curettage history, history of cesarean section, history of endometritis, and placenta previa. According to WHO, retained placenta was the factor that contributed 15-20% of maternal mortality rate. In Indone...

This article examines how two nineteenth‐century Bengali adaptations of Cymbeline transfer Shakespeare's play to a Hindu field of signifiers and reinterpret the elements of tragicomedy according to the worldview of traditional Indian drama. Kusumkumari Natak (1868) by Chandrakali Ghosh, which was enacted before a ticket‐buying audience at the nasce...