Science topic

History of History - Science topic

History of History are this group is a platform for researchers who use a metahistorical approach in their work. Such work is not focused on the content of (his)stories but on sense making in sources that describe the past and insofar analyse patterns of in/exclusion, metaphors as well as the emplotment of events, actors and places.
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At the continental level, what did the spatial footprint of African trade routes look like before colonialisation?
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Not only did pre-colonial trade occur but some manufacturing also took place and so traders engaged in the sale of manufactured products. Ancient Africa traded in tobacco, gold, copper, spices, ebony, ivory, and skins.
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People in pre-colonial Africa were engaged in hunting and gathering, agriculture, mining and simple manufacturing. Agriculture involved most people, so the chapter looks mainly at farming activities. The chapter explains that farmers in those days faced two big challenges: a hostile environment and scarcity of labour.
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The very earliest evidence of African trade is described by Herodotus (c. 484-425BC) who wrote of the trade across the Sahara; a trade recorded in rock paintings dating from 10,000BC.
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In most parts of Africa before 1500, societies had become highly developed in terms of their own histories. They often had complex systems of participatory government, or were established powerful states that covered large territories and had extensive regional and international links.
The Transatlantic Slave trade not only distorted Africa’s economic development it also distorted views of the history and importance of the African continent itself. It is only in the last fifty years that it has been possible to redress this distortion and to begin to re-establish Africa’s rightful place in world history.
The African continent is now recognised as the birthplace of humanity and the cradle of civilization. We still marvel at the great achievements of Kemet, or Ancient Egypt, for example, one of the most notable of the early African civilizations, which first developed in the Nile valley over 5000 years ago.
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The main items traded were gold and salt. The gold mines of West Africa provided great wealth to West African Empires such as Ghana and Mali. Other items that were commonly traded included ivory, kola nuts, cloth, slaves, metal goods, and beads.
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Simple conclusion:
Colonization brought a full disruption of Africa‘s traditional trade and routes.
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The anti-establishment ethos of New Historicism wasprofoundly influenced by Foucault's theories of Power/Knowledge and Discourse. what does new historicism owe to foucault?
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The anti-establishment ethos of New Historicism was profoundly influenced by Foucault's theories of Power/Knowledge and Discourse. His primary concern has been with power's relationship to the discursive formations in society that make knowledge.
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Can the second-language version, strictly speaking, be considered a translation of the first-language version or is it merely a somewhat looser interpretation? How do such authors approach the task? How are the two versions produced (e.g. conjointly or serially?) and how closely are they related?
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There is an emerging subfield of translation studies called “self-translation studies,” and there are a lot of studies already done on this topic. Eva Gentes has compiled a bibliography on self-translation.  You'll find a number of projects on self-translation on RG as well.
I myself have published articles on the topic. In my view, self-translation is “rewriting,” ”reworking,” “re-creation,” and “translation of the self.” Please see: e.g.,
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What are the reasons why non-Anglophone academics are under-represented in critical reviews in academic articles?
What can be specifically done to give voice to under-repesented academics?
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Thank you so much for your detailed answer and your comments. It is also the same in the academic critical reviews that only repeat those that have been repeated which usually disregards women, and BIPOC scholars (even if the subject matter is about them, hope you will here more in my near future presentation about this; and also in some near future research).
"Who Speaks for History?" Wednesday 23rd September, 6 pm British ST
With Dr Natalya Din-Kariuki, Dr Murat Ogutcu and Eva Momtaz Chaired by Lubaaba Al-Azami
Organised by MEMOs in collaboration with RenSoc.
Thank you once again for your kind reply.
I wish you all the best.
Best regards,
Murat Öğütcü
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Is it time to re-examine the labelling of Africa's regions as North Africa and Sub-Saharan Africa? Should there not be a more modern term for the larger subdivision of Africa. One that communicates its larger land mass, population , historical, anthropological, genealogical and economical significance. While not sure of the origin, but sometimes these terms originate with cartographers or journalists and then persist in the language? We seem not to have persisted with labels such as Asia Minor and Asia Major (see map).  On the other hand, in the Caribbean there is an historical division of the Antiles as Greater Antiles and Lesser Antiles.  Is the label Sub-Saharan Africa still apprpriate?  If not, what would you recommend the larger Africa be referenced as ?  Greater Afica ?  Africa Major ?  Some other reference ?
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The term "sub Saharan Africa" is used to refer to countries on the south of the Africa continent. The Sahara desert acted as a blockade dividing the sub Saharan Africa from North Africa. Also the north has a unique Islamic features because they had contact with the Arab world even before the incursion of Europeans in Africa.
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Please share your own experience. For me, all the articles were accepted after a revision if the journal was with an impact factor and non paid.
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closed to 1%
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Physically, is it possible the form of those human corpses could be preserved for 18 centuries (it was discovered in 1863) below 15m of ashes and volcanic rocks? What would have forbade stones and ashes to fill this cavity? The human "soul" maybe? Gently preserving the exact form of the body with its so human expressive gesture? How could Guiseppe Fiorelli, the numismatist, could spot those "cavities" under 15m of ashes? See that scholar drawing explaining its "marvellous" discovery.
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Yes, precisely. Some things are not in the usual place (for example teeth in the stomach), that let think those "bodies" (done in the 19th century), if they ever exist, were manipulated some way. On another hand, my question was wondering how this miracle of preservation of the bodies forms for 18 centuries, below 15m of volcanic eruption could physically happen? Because, for what I know, there's no other volcano in the world where bodies or whatever was preserved. So what? Pompeians were a superior kind of beings, heat-resistant ? Because they were from Roman upper class? I'm sure if you give them a Carbone 14 test, it will reveal the truth: they are from the 19th Century...
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Is that person to be found amongst the present billionaires ? Or are these figures to be found from our long gone past ?
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I agree with Dr Wilkin.
Mansa (/Emperor) Musa Keita or Musa I of Mali (c. 1280 - c. 1337), a 14th century African emperor of the Mali Empire.
A Muslim emperor and a successful military leader.
Jeff Bezos the current richest man in the world is worth US$150 billion.
Mansa Musa's net worth adjusted to today's value is roughly US$400 billion.
The source of his wealth was his land's vast amounts of natural resources particularly, gold.
His wealth became known to the world in 1324 during his pilgrimage to Mecca. During this journey, he caused mass inflation in Cairo by spending so much gold on the poor.
Word of his wealth spread across the Mediterranean. He is included on the 1375 Catalan Atlas.
He built the legendary Djinguereber Mosque in Timbuktu, which still stands today.
Huffingtonpost - Mansa Musa Of Mali Named World’s Richest Man Of All Time; Gates And Buffet Also Make List
Independent - Meet Mansa Musa I of Mali – the richest human being in all history
Forbes Africa - Person Of The Year For 1324
Business Insider by Pulse - Here's what it was like to be Mansa Musa, thought to be the richest person in history
RT - Space mining will produce world’s first trillionaire
news.com.au - Goldman predicts the world’s first trillionaire will mine asteroids
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I will presume you will have looked at Louis Blanc's works
But have a look in the Foreign Office archives of neighbouring states
The Uk, Belgium, Prussia (And probably Austria) would have kept a close eye on what was happening in Paris
Good luck
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Dear colleagues
I am an independent researcher, and seeking human and economic resources for anthropometric research of built heritage, according to my thesis and using the products developed.
Since the thesis shows a new paradigm and gets generalizable results, it should be a transversal area of concern (architecture, art history, history of science, archeology, historiography, anthropology, ...)
FR
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Dear Harald,
There are many people with your vision of classical architecture. It is thought that the buildings were constructed by following the gut feeling of what looked pleasant to the eye, summed up in the Golden Mean.
This classic myth indicates the ignorance that exists about the system of proportions of classical architecture.
It was not a feeling, but projected and planned every detail by strict compliance with a geometric law, which does not use the Golden Mean.
The proportion used was the diagonal-side of a square, the root of two, √2, value 1.4142 ...
This is much more common and practical, and yet nobody name it. It is called Sacred Proportion or Silver Ratio, and his figure is the octagon. Do you know it?
Precisely I seek brave researchers to rid science of false myths about anthropometric measure, like the Golden Mean in classical architecture.
Regards
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Recently I have been researching on how to understand the historical content of the cultural practices of sociability in the second mital of the nineteenth century. I've noticed that the concept of sociality exists before being typified by contemporary sociology as an object of study. I hope you have some points of view dissimilar to enrich the debate
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I think "sociability" can be a useful historical category. Precisely because it allows for interactions and interconnections in society. Its not a rigid and structural term, in my view.
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I'm studing the circulation of a history book published in Spain in the 1880 decade. There were three editions, but I would like how extensive was each one. I'm not a specialist in history of the book, so any suggestion about resources, methods or tricks will be very welcome. Thanks in advance!
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Dear Tomás,
To find out whether a book has received a deep reading, determine what are its main ideas and whether these ideas pass into subsequent books and articles on the history of Spain.  Even if these subsequent works do not explicitly mention Morayta, if they use his wording, you have evidence of  a deep reading. Did the "Historia general" generate any book reviews in cultural periodicals?  Are those reviews deep?
As the author of a number of books, I always wonder whether their buyers read them deeply. I can determine depth of reading from book reviews and from remarks in subsequent books on the same authors as the ones I analyze.
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For me the two more important are:
1. The phase transition liquid-solid for the water is that the solid state is less dense.
2. The dielectric screening in metals is such that the Coulomb interaction among the electrons falls at a distance of the Bohr radius.
The first one has many important applications as the one of allowing the live in rivers during winter or so on. On the other hand, there are also very interesting electric and thermodynamic phase transitions for this material
The second, thanks to have a so local electric interaction it allows to have almost free electrons at quite high electronic density in matter and therefore to apply theories so useful as the bands in solids. Over all in metals
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On a not so fundamental level, we have the coincidence that sun and moon have nearly the same visual diameter for us so that a solar eclipse lets see us the solar corona. Moon and clouds in day light have nearly the same brightness and color although the material constituation is so different. The human body has nearly the same length as the human DNA-molecule.
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I am researching the concept of hero and would love peoples thoughts
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With respect to heroes, there have been numerous studies that have tried to identify them. In a study by Allison and Goethals (2011), they demonstrated how we all seem to have a kind of schema regarding what makes a hero, but never agree on who the hero is. Who is considered to be a hero is a matter of perception.
Additionally, a soldier can definitely be considered as a hero. Soldiers, doctors, teachers, fire-fighters, all of them are heroes in their own right. They fall under the category of 'transparent heroes', those who are abundant in society, but unfortunately not appreciated enough for their efforts.
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In Germany, since the 1970s there has been a great focus on cultural memory in terms of the Nazi era and then the Cold War era (in both East and West Germanies). In the USA there was reflection on WWII and Vietnam memories in the 1980s and 1990s. What is of greatest interest in your land of research or homeland?
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I think in Spain, in fact, the consensus is the confusion. The problem of the "historical memory" in Spain is that it responds a political and ideological project, and consequently the focus is which political parties or electoralist interests designate in each mometn, in a continuous change due to the political circumstamces.
It´s a bad time for historians here.
(Excuse me for my bad English)