Science topic

Heart - Science topic

The hollow, muscular organ that maintains the circulation of the blood.
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Deep learning is at the heart of many technological advancements, yet it is often perceived as a "black box." The inability to explain how a model arrives at a decision poses ethical and technical challenges, especially in critical fields such as healthcare, finance, and automation.
What strategies can be adopted to make models more understandable and interpretable without compromising their performance? What tools exist to audit the decisions made by these systems?
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Challenges in Deep Learning Interpretability & How to Improve Transparency
Deep learning models often function as black boxes, making their decisions difficult to interpret. Key challenges include:
Complexity & Non-Linearity – Neural networks rely on intricate layers, making it hard to trace decision-making. Lack of Explainability – Many AI-driven models cannot provide clear justifications for their outputs. Regulatory & Ethical Concerns – Industries like finance, healthcare, and cybersecurity require model transparency for compliance and risk mitigation.
How to Improve Transparency:Explainable AI (XAI) Techniques – Using SHAP, LIME, and other model interpretation tools. ✔ Regulatory Compliance & Governance – Implementing frameworks that enforce transparency in AI-driven decision-making. ✔ Privileged Access Management (PAM) & AI Security – Ensuring that AI-driven security models are governed and monitored properly.
A relevant discussion on AI-driven security and compliance can be found in this paper:
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Hello,
I have a basic question. I work with mouse hearts and I want to collect them to do bulk RNA-seq in the future. What is the best way to store them?
Right now it was recommended to collect them, rinse in RNA-free dH20 and store them in RNA Later in -80ºC until ready for extraction.
Should I mince them before freezing or can I just freeze them as a whole?
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Airton Pereira e Silva Doing a test-run with samples that aren't worth much and minimizing risk wherever you can is always a good idea. In one of my experiments 12 mouse livers were worth £30k - so I put each of my samples in two separate RNAlater containers stored in two separate freezers... I extracted and analysed each sample twice independently...
Re good RNA integrity - many researchers blame the kit/storage when most likely it is their lab technique that leads to RNA degradation. Again, test-runs will help there...
Immediate submersion in RNAlater is important - I've seen people extract organs from all their mice, carry them to their lab and then put them all into RNAlater there, and also have done tests on how long it takes for degradation to set in if you delay submersion... 5 min was ok (= RIN>9), >30 min was borderline (= RIN~8), >1h was unusable. So I took prepared containers with RNAlater into the mouse unit and extracted each liver, cut them into pieces and immediately added them to the containers. At this stage there's no need to be RNase free as the RNases within the cells are much more likely to be the issue.
The time issue could partly explain how some people get RIN of >9 all the time and others don't... but apparently you also have to really avoid cutting the mouse gall bladder!
I also discussed the time issue with one of the human tissue bank coordinators - apparently they had consistently bad RNA... turns out a theatre nurse would just put the tissue sample or extracted organ from transplant patients on ice and then give it to the tissue bank collector AFTER the surgery finished to not to break sterility of the operating theatre and herself... we solved it by making the collector scrub in to wait for the sample.
Random mouse hearts shouldn't be hard to come by - just ask the Animal technichian/other researchers if they have any that will be culled or are superfluous to breeding.
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How the Body is impacted by the Mind and Heart Negatively and Positively.
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Dear readers,
From my perspective, the Body, Mind, and Heart are interconnected. If any one of these entities is adversely affected, then the others are also affected correspondingly.
Lord Buddha said that it is our utmost duty to keep our Body and Mind Healthy. Many other philosophers affirm Lord Buddha's wisdom.
Positive attitude in life, human compassion, and humanitarian assistance to the poor and needy as well as love and goodwill for all humanity are important elements that help to keep our Mind, Body, and Heart in a healthful state.
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I want to start making sections of the SAN of the heart of mice. Anyone having experience with this? Thanks in advance!
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Every organ causes disease. The diaphragm is a vital pump just as important as the heart, yet little is known about it. So, the question is why (and how) did modern medicine miss this? Sadly, this is why the SIDS mystery was a mystery. I am qualified to state this based on over 15 years' experience as a ER doctor as well as holding a Pathology Master's degree and two years of SIDS research (with three co-authored, peer-reviewed articles published). Sudden unexpected respiratory arrest from acute diaphragm failure appears to be a cause of SIDS. It is precipitated by a ventilatory workload surge on a critically fatigued diaphragm, typically from a roll to prone sleeping position or REM sleep onset (CNS inhibition of accessory respiratory muscles).
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The diaphragm has not been completely ignored by modern medicine, but it has historically been overlooked compared to more visible organs like the heart, brain, and liver. Its internal location made it harder to study, leading to less attention. However, in recent years, interest in the diaphragm has increased, particularly in respiratory therapy, physical therapy, and neurology. New research highlights its crucial role in overall health, including its impact on autonomic functions, posture, and its connection to conditions like anxiety and chronic pain.
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Is anyone familiar with an article in which heart is described as an organ on crossroads of sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation? It is probably a sentence from the introduction of the article. And the article has been published most probably recently. I lost that article and cannot find it nether in my folders or on web.
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Although Dr Antonio da Silva Menezes Junior indicated a quote in his answer that was completly satisfactory, I need to mention that I found an exact quote that I had not been able to find where I had read before. So, both quotes match perfectly. But now I am going to write that second quote and add one more. Together, these two quotes form a very profound (and even poetic) definition of the heart from a perspective of neurocardiology and brain-heart axis science. This definition I whole-heartily recommend for contemplation. Both articles from which these quotes are taken are also recommended for something we can name as cardiocentric contemplation. Here are the quotes:
"The heart is a vital organ that lies at the crossroads of autonomic physiology and mental functions such as emotion and cognition" [1]. Also, it might be regarded as "a central organ in the interoceptive network due to its critical role in circulating blood and maintaining homeostasis" [2].
[1] Lovelace, J. W., Ma, J., Yadav, S., Chhabria, K., Shen, H., Pang, Z., Qi, T., Sehgal, R., Zhang, Y., Bali, T., Vaissiere, T., Tan, S., Liu, Y., Rumbaugh, G., Ye, L., Kleinfeld, D., Stringer, C., & Augustine, V. (2023). Vagal sensory neurons mediate the Bezold-Jarisch reflex and induce syncope. Nature, 623(7986), 387–396. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06680-7;
[2] Lovelace, J. W., Ma, J., & Augustine, V. (2024). Defining cardioception: Heart-brain crosstalk. Neuron, 112(22), 3671–3674. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2024.10.009.
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I am trying to extract protein from a 3mg tissue. I used 85ul ripa and used a bead homogenizer. It’s a nervous tissue. The protein concentration were satisfactory (using bca) and I proceeded with western but when I did Ponceau staining it looks less protein. Each well is having 50 ug protein.
Top blot:Well 1 next to protein ladder is my concerning tissue and well 5 too! other lanes are heart tissue.
bottom blot: the well next to protein ladder is the nervous ti other labs are heart.
The heart and nervous tissue all had same protein amounts. But I had more tissue weight wise for heart so I added ripa accordingly In those samples when I homogenized.
1- How can I improve protein extraction?
2- what ripa to tissue ratio I shall be using for small tissues?
3- Can fat contamination give me false protein concentrations using bca assay?
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It looks to me like your nerve tissue lanes have a lot more bands compared to the heart tissue ones, with fewer majority bands. Even though you've loaded theoretically the same amount, if there are many more protein types in the nerve tissue then the staining intensity per band will differ as the dye will have to bind to more proteins (plus even "total" stain dyes will preferentially bind more to some proteins compared with others). As they are different tissue types, they will look different anyway, so it is difficult to really make comparisons.
You need to do some sort of quantification by either total protein normalisation (using ImageJ/Fiji or similar on your Ponceau stained membranes) or by immunoblotting for a housekeeping protein like GAPDH, actin etc and quantifying the band density. Doing a rough total protein normalisation on the top membrane image that you have attached and normalising against the heart tissue in lane 2 suggests that you have loaded similar amounts of total protein for the nerve and heart tissues (at least for the first few lanes, afterwards it breaks down a bit, likely because the lighting in the photo you attached isn't completely even).
It is unlikely that there are many free lipids in your sample by the time you reached the stage of the BCA assay, as the detergents in the RIPA buffer will have formed micelles with the lipids.
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Hi,
I found more monocytes in the heart in treated group accoring to the FACS data. And I did qpcr to validate this result.
First I checked CCL2 (or MCP-1) and other cytokines/chemokines because CCL2 plays an important role in monocytes recruitment in many research papers. But there's no significance among different groups.
Then I found the TGFb1 gene expression level significantly increased in treated group. But I couldn't find too much information about TGFb1 inducing the infiltrating of monocytes to the heart.
Does anyone have any ideas about TGFb1 and monocytes? And what else for monocytes recruitment?
Many thanks.
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Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1) is a pleiotropic cytokine that plays a complex role in inflammation and immune cell regulation. While it is not typically characterized as a primary chemokine for monocyte recruitment, TGFβ1 can influence monocyte behavior and infiltration in several ways:
  1. Modulation of Monocyte Differentiation: TGFβ1 can promote the differentiation of monocytes into regulatory macrophages, which can have anti-inflammatory properties. However, the context and presence of other cytokines can lead to different outcomes.
  2. Induction of Chemokines: TGFβ1 can induce the expression of other chemokines and cytokines that are involved in monocyte recruitment. For example, it can upregulate the expression of CCL2 (MCP-1) indirectly, which is a known chemokine for monocyte recruitment.
  3. Regulation of Extracellular Matrix: TGFβ1 plays a key role in extracellular matrix (ECM) production and remodeling. Changes in the ECM can affect the migration of monocytes into tissues.
  4. Immune Suppression: TGFβ1 can suppress immune responses, which might create an environment where monocyte infiltration is less regulated.
Here are some considerations and additional factors that could be involved in monocyte recruitment to the heart:
  • Other Chemokines/Cytokines: Besides CCL2, consider looking at other chemokines such as CCL5 (RANTES), CCL7 (MCP-3), CCL8 (MCP-2), CXC chemokines like CXCL1 (GROα), and CXCL10 (IP-10), which can also be involved in monocyte recruitment.
  • Adhesion Molecules: Monocyte recruitment involves adhesion to the endothelium. Check the expression of adhesion molecules like VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and E-selectin, which are often upregulated in response to inflammatory signals and facilitate monocyte adhesion and transmigration.
  • Inflammatory Pathways: Look at other inflammatory pathways such as NF-κB, which can regulate the expression of various chemokines and adhesion molecules.
  • Cytokine Signaling Pathways: TGFβ1 can interact with other cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1β. The combination of these cytokines can have synergistic effects on monocyte recruitment.
  • Cellular Cross-Talk: Consider the interaction between cardiac cells, endothelial cells, and immune cells. For example, cardiac myocytes can produce cytokines in response to stress, which can influence monocyte infiltration.
  • MicroRNA Regulation: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can regulate the expression of cytokines and chemokines. Changes in miRNA expression could be contributing to monocyte recruitment.
  • Stromal Cells: Fibroblasts and other stromal cells in the heart can produce factors that influence monocyte recruitment.
To further explore the role of TGFβ1 in monocyte recruitment in your treated group, you could:
  • Perform in vitro experiments to see if TGFβ1 treatment directly affects monocyte chemotaxis.
  • Use neutralizing antibodies or inhibitors to block TGFβ1 signaling and observe changes in monocyte infiltration.
  • Investigate the signaling pathways downstream of TGFβ1 that might be involved in monocyte recruitment.
  • Look for correlations between TGFβ1 expression and other cytokines/chemokines that are known to be involved in monocyte recruitment.
Remember that monocyte recruitment is a complex process involving multiple factors and interactions. A holistic approach that considers the entire inflammatory and cellular environment will be key to understanding the mechanisms at play in your treated group.
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Hello everyone!
I have a question about the air pollutant PM2.5 (fine particulate matter).
The question is what actually reaches the heart, for example, the elements that make up PM2.5 that may have been diluted in the blood, may have an affinity for adipose tissue and may even be excreted from the body, what actually reaches it?/????
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EPA says: Exposure to inhalable particles can affect both your lungs and your heart. Many studies directly link the size of particles to their potential for causing health problems. Small particles (less than 10 micrometers in diameter) can get deep into your lungs, and some may even get into your bloodstream. People with heart or lung diseases such as coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, and asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), children and older adults may be at greater risk from PM exposure.
Scientific studies have linked PM exposure to a variety of health impacts, including:
  • Eye, nose and throat irritation.
  • Aggravation of coronary and respiratory disease symptoms.
  • Premature death in people with heart or lung disease.
Other opinions: The smaller the fine dust particles, the deeper they can penetrate into the human body and the longer they remain there. Ultra-fine particles, in particular, are often unable to be exhaled and can prove extremely difficult for the body to combat. In the short term (over hours and days), excessive exposure to particulate matter can lead to increased blood pressure and even affect blood sugar levels. Moreover, particulate matter is considered to be a highly efficient virus accelerator. In the long term (over months and years), particulate matter can gradually harm various systems in the body, including the lungs, cardiovascular system, metabolism, and nervous system. Exposure to particulate matter can also result in the development of allergies, asthma, high blood pressure, diabetes, dementia, or lung cancer.
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Does love reside in the heart or the mind?
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Love is often considered to reside in both the heart and the mind. The heart symbolizes the emotional and passionate aspects of love, while the mind represents the cognitive, rational, and decision-making components. Together, they create a holistic experience of love that encompasses feelings, thoughts, and actions.
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In the identified case of familial desminopathy (T341P DES mutation in heterozygous state), the son has bradycardia, but the father did not have bradycardia. How can this fact be explained?
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Because of some autosomal dominant & others can be autosomal recessive
"Desminopathy is one of the most common intermediate filament human disorders associated with mutations in closely interacting proteins, desmin and alphaB-crystallin. The inheritance pattern in familial desminopathy is characterized as autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive, but many cases have no family history."
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Hi,
I'm working on heart flow cytometry, and I use anti-mouse CCR2-BV785 (biolegend, cat150621) for staining, 20 minutes, 4 degree. But I couldn't see any CCR2+ cells. So I'm not sure if it's actually right or it's because of antibody not working. I just checked some literature and it's supposed to have more CCR2+ cells in heart failure.
Do you have any ideas?
Thank you so much.
Best,
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Tobias Kammann Thank you. Did you wash cells after CCR-specific antibodies intubation? Or just add the rest of antibodies?
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What would be the effect of distance from CNC cum Heart on the structure and function of a particular part of the human body? Do short people have evolutionary advantages to control body parts in a better and more precise way? Explicit research can be done on this theory by comparative analysis such as the functionality of body parts concerning coordinates of origin as CNS, and short people control-coordination precision compared to tall people. (Does the evolution endorse the better footwork of Messi than Ronaldo? This could be answered too.)
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it does not fit exactly for Human being. Human has well coordinated CNS and Spinal cord connectivity to conyrol fine movement of fingers
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As with most changes in life, there will be positive and negative impacts on society as artificial intelligence continues to transform the world we live in. How that will balance out is anyone’s guess and up for much debate and for many people to contemplate. As an optimist at heart, I believe the changes will mostly be good but could be challenging for some. Here are some of the challenges that might be faced (and we should be thinking about how to address them now) as well as several of the positive impacts artificial intelligence will have on society.
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As part of my medical doctoral thesis, I am trying to improve the cryopreservation process in our laboratory. To do this, I would like to compare different glycol-based freezing media. These are used for the cryopreservation of heart tissue at -80°C and should provide good results in cryosectioning and microscopy. The following four are on the shortlist:
“Tissue-Tek O.C.T. Compound” (Sakura Finetek)
“Cryomatrix” (Thermo Fisher Scientific)
“Neg-50 Frozen Section Medium” (Richard-Allan Scientific)
“Cryo-Gel” (Electron Microscopy Sciense)
Since the possibilities for research are mostly limited to the manufacturer's specifications, I would be very pleased to receive assessments, experience reports and further information.
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There is a big difference between Cryoprotectant and Freezing Matrix Media. Cryoprotectant will prevent the tissues from being destroyed or having significant artifacts. Matrix media provide structural support while cutting in the cryostat. Your question is really of how you protect your sample tissues prior to freezing. As stated above there is a methodology to getting the sample tissue to -80C, and there are several methods of protecting tissues such as Sucrose or Gycerine:Glycol solutions.
Placing the tissues in Freezing Mediums (OCT etc) doesn't protect the internal cellular structures from freezer artifacts, mainly rupture.
That being said the second comparator of which freezing medium to use during section is also of interest, but your optimization may vary when using different blades (high vs low profile) or of different manufacturers etc. The temperature of the Cryostat is also of importance as well as the temperature of the tissue and medium. There are many variables to account for in this project, it is not a "this is the best solution" for all instances.
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We've developed a concise survey focusing on atrial fibrillation management, targeting physicians directly involved in care. It adheres to ethical standards and aims to inform clinical practices and patient care strategies.
Thank you for considering our proposal. I look forward to your response.
Best regards,
Dr. Habib Khan
London Heart Rhythm Program
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One more month to go with the survey. Help designing the future of an important RCT on permanent atrial fibrillation with heart failure.
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African literature has potential. My hero, Chinua Achebe, blessed us when he learnt the novel format from the Europeans. We should follow in his footsteps.
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Nobody says that we should have variety in our set of African authors. To every writer, their own. Yes, I concur with you that we Africans have an easy way around it when it comes to writing and speaking English. We are less scrutinised. At worst, pan-Africanists and Westerners would call it a deliberate variety of English. The same leniency is not given to Russians who write in English. Fortunately, we have linguists such as Oshodi and Olowela.
(The two researchers propose better English in Africa with proper grammar and phonetics. They argue that English has not been spoken in Africa correctly, let alone long enough, for us to claim an African English.)
Oshodi, B., and Olowela, O. “The standard Nigerian English in Perspective: A variety or an interlanguage?” Journal of Second and Multiple Language Acquisition, vol. 8, no. 2, 2020, pp. 28 - 44.
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Hello I am researching this topic to obtain resources to write a paper at our facility to reinforce the need to have involvement with the local schools for a topic close to my heart nursing. Reaching out for resources and research others may have. Thank you, Barbara Jean
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Professor Yukna,
Thank you so much for the resources and information.
Barbara Jean
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We can each look at this novel from a different angle. I think the vividness was not specific toward Africans. We all know how novelists write to bring out readers' emotions, etc.
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I agree that this is a very thoughtful book (with detailed descriptions as you say) and many people seem to apply current values (what we consider acceptable now) to a book written in a very different historical time. In this way, people can get offended and maybe we need to look at it in a different way.
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What are the latest advancements in minimally invasive heart surgery techniques, and how do they compare in terms of patient outcomes and recovery times to traditional open-heart surgery?
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you can incisionally be maximally invasive; but , functionally minimally invasive
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As compared to male it is observed that female have lower incidence of ischemic heart disease.Is there any difference in pathophysiology of IHD in male and female.
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Of course there is. Estogen is protecting females, their blood vessels are far more better than females. But autoimmunity is 8 times more in females compared to males.
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Dear Community,
I'm currently completing my bachelor's thesis, which focuses on a topic close to my heart: Factors influencing women's career success in leadership roles.
To gather diverse insights and build a comprehensive understanding, I'm seeking the participation of female and male professionals currently employed in leadership roles. Your experiences and perspectives are invaluable to this study and can significantly contribute to enriching our understanding of this important topic.
📊 Survey Details:
  • Target Audience: Female and male professionals in leadership roles
  • Time Commitment: Approximately 5–7 minutes
  • Language options: German and English
  • Confidentiality: All responses will be anonymized and used solely for academic purposes.
👉 Link to the survey: https://www.soscisurvey.de/test402333/
Your support is immensely appreciated. Kindly consider participating and sharing this survey within your network. Together, let's shed light on the pathways to success for women in leadership roles.
Thank you so much for your time and contribution! 🙏
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Thank you :) I also reviewed the literature and as a reusult I was wondering why we still the have the same problem since several years. For instance several mesures were introduced, however the % of women in higher leadership roles are stagnating or even decreasing over the years. That is why I´m actually focusing on two other factors that might influence this development.
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Dear All,
Could you tell me how to run MD simulation by any software. I have DS, VMD in hand. But I try to run 30 nsec in DS that spent 6 days, is that right? The reviewer asked me to perform this procedure in 100 nsec, however, my computer can not complete this process. Could you let me know how set up all parameters and settings to finish them. Many thanks for your help with my deep heart.
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I usually use the Yasara-Structure application to carry out molecular dynamics simulations up to 100 ns, which only takes up to 6 days. Additionally, I use a PC with 16 cores
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I'm searching for the right rodent model to study diabetic neuropathy in T2D, to investigate the neuropathy complications on the heart
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I don't think rats are better. I have observed metabolic syndrome (diabetic neuropathy) in rats and mice, although my research (see Russian Wikipedia and here at WG) has not addressed metabolic syndrome.
Cortisol (!)-human, cat
Hydrocortisone (!) - rats, mice.
After vaccination (immunisation)(Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris) rats, death, experimental peritonitis, LD50 greater than LD50 without vaccination 7-9 times, and in mice - 2.5-4.0 times. ) in rats and mice, although my research (see Russian Wikipedia and here at WG) has not addressed metabolic syndrome.
Cortisol (!)-human, cat
Hydrocortisone (!) - rats, mice.
After vaccination (immunisation)(Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris) rats, death, experimental peritonitis, LD50 greater than LD50 without vaccination 7-9 times, and in mice - 2.5-4.0 times.
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I want to conduct haemolyis assay on mouse blood (I need 0,5 - 1 ml of blood), I know that it is generally hard to collect good sample without inducing haemolysis. As a anticoagulant do you prefer EDTA or heparin? Syrgine must be coated with anitcoagulant? And need I special tubes that are coated with anticoagulant or can I just prepare solution of anticoagulant in a tube? As I understand blood should be collected from heart or junglar vein? Do you have any recommendations?
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Hi Alicja,
We collected blood from mice after euthanasia from the portal vein. It was a very long time ago, but I will try to remember the stages of blood sampling. First, 50-100 μl of heparin was drawn into the syringe, so that the solution was mainly in the needle. Immediately after cutting the abdominal cavity, the intestines were moved away, the vein that led to the liver was found, and a needle was carefully inserted into it. The needle should not be too thin to avoid hemolysis, the syringe plunger should move smoothly. After the blood had collected, the needle was removed and the blood was squeezed into the test tube.
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Does anybody know how many endothelial cells are present in the heart of an adult mouse?
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Interesting question! I can't really help because I don't know how many cells there are, but I would suggest do some estimations for example:
If you know the mean size of endotelial cells (therefore the volume assuming a romboid morphology) and the mass of the endotelial heart tissue you can divide this total mass of this tissue by the mass of a single cell (assuming a 1mg/mL density of the cells for instance).
Other option can be stimation by manual cell counting of x uL of cell suspension (in a Neubauer chamber, with or without Trypan Blue staining and other counting techniques).
I hope this helps!
Best regards :)
Francesc
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Can you please share one heart-touching picture ever taken or any picture that touched your heart deeply ?
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Yes dear Deborah J Hilton.
Trying to create a profile to study the psychological behaviour/reactions of criminals.
Thanks & regards...
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Dear colleagues,
I'm genuinely excited to share with you all a teaching approach for ESP and EFL that I've been developing, which weaves together adaptive AI technology with real-world, immersive learning experiences. This approach is something close to my heart, crafted to resonate with each student's unique learning journey and professional ambitions.
At its core, it's about understanding and adapting to each learner's patterns through AI, creating a learning path that feels personal and relevant. More than just theory, this method brings language to life by simulating scenarios our students might actually encounter in their fields, making the learning process not just educational but truly practical and engaging.
Although my new approach is still at its early stages, I've incorporated interactive elements, such as virtual reality, to enrich the experience. It's not just about learning a language; it's about experiencing it in a way that sticks. The early feedback has been heartening, showing marked improvements in language proficiency and application skills.
I'm eager to embark on discussions and collaborations with any of you who are intrigued by this approach. Let's explore together how we can make language learning more effective and joyful!
Warm regards to colleagues the world over and to everyone,
Michael
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Very exiting! I am looking foreward to read more! I am exited to link this new method with Paulo Freires teaching philosphy!
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Thanks to "In Vitro Culture of Epicardial Cells From Mouse Embryonic Heart", I have cultured primary epicardial cells, but after continuing to culture and passage, I found that the proliferation rate of the cells was slow. Does the cell have a requirement for growth density, or is it due to other reasons? Has anyone encountered this problem?
Thanks
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hello you can use this article
Mahin Homayoun Cibi, D.M., Hausenloy, D.J., Singh, M.K. In Vitro Culture of Epicardial Cells From Mouse Embryonic Heart. J. Vis.
Exp. (110), e53993, doi:10.3791/53993 (2016).
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What's the longest time recommended for perfusing a heart on the Langendorff?
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There is no clear cut upper limit Time for perfusing heart on Ex- Vivo Langendorff support . But you can perfuse heart safely upto 120 minute
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Dear colleagues;
I hope that you're in good health. Due to the fact that we represent a main category in the world, I'd like to discuss with you an important humanitarian issue called "Palestine", The discussion is summarised in just this question:
Why are so many children being killed in Gaza and the whole world in silence?
I know that we have the biggest feature, which is humanity, because researchers without this feature will become monstrous, not human. Therefore, I'd like to ask every researcher in which world place they share with me this issue, which concerns all of humanity as a whole, and everyone who has a compassionate heart for the children who were buried in large numbers under the land of Gaza. Everyone who has a clear mind should think about why we remain silent, and at the moment when we are trying to publish a scientific article, there are laboratories, hospitals, and peaceful places being destroyed without pity or mercy.
I am waiting for your discussion to support this cause based on the spirit of humanity.
Thanks
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I am afraid to tell you Arabs are faulty on this. Very heart-breaking cry Gaza people are oppressed and often tortured and being killed.
Not silent. My book is ready to be published onwill be out in few days.
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Hello,
Can someone please provide me with some assistance? I am currently extracting RNA from human heart tissue using Omega Bio-Tek RNA kit I.
Here is a picture of some samples I did recently. Does anyone have any idea why samples C & D look like this and why I have no RIN ^e? Would anyone be willing to share the successful protocols they use also it is worth noting that the samples are already in a powder form that I achieved using liquid nitrogen to grind the tissue. Thank you!
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Did you treat your samples with DNase I? This might be gDNA contamination.
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Dear all,
I'm experiencing the presence of tiny spots on transmission electron microscopy pictures of muscles. Attached you will see 3 pictures of heart tissue in which all the structures (fibers, mitochondria, ER, ecc.) are covered with these very tiny spots. What could be?
For may years I'm always followed the same fixation/embedding protocols without any issue, but sometimes on muscle tissue I have this problem.
I will really appreciate if someone could give some advices.
Thanks!!!
Francesco
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Hello, it happened to me when the osmium was already degraded and once when it was also contaminated with heavy metals. The iron in the tissue, and even more so when it is non-heme iron, can generate this type of interference. Make sure that your fixation buffer is well filtered and the glutataldehyde is not precipitated or contaminated. greetings.
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Heart disease has been the leading cause of death globally over the past 20 years. However, the number of people it kills today is greater than ever before. The number of deaths from heart disease has risen by more than 2 million since 2000, reaching nearly 9 million deaths in 2019. Heart disease now represents 16 percent of all deaths from all causes. More than half of the additional two million deaths resulting from it were concentrated in the Western Pacific region. In contrast, the European region witnessed a relative decline in heart disease, with deaths resulting from it decreasing by 15%.
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🌺🌺Dear Prof. Dr. Deborah J Hilton There is no term or phrase (the church lacks scientific understanding) in the dark ancient times (it is possible), but in this modern era everything is understandable and clear thanks to the rapid scientific development in knowledge of science and facts (through the Internet), but you mentioned that the church aims to Quick profit in earning dollars... You, my dear, said the truth about this (you are honest)... Unfortunately, everything has become aimed at the material (money)... even at the expense of principles.🌺🌺
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Adrenal stress is the modern misunderstood syndrome that affects most of us to varying degrees. Stress, whether physical, emotional or environmental, can stimulate a cascade of hormone production by the adrenals which includes adrenaline, noradrenaline and cortisol.
Adrenaline is the most famous of the three stress hormones and acts like an ‘upper’ helping to enhance the function of all our body’s systems in order to meet the demands of stress such as circulation. Noradrenaline is the body’s modulating hormone working to keep us revved up without causing stress to our body’s systems including the heart. Cortisol is the body’s ‘downer’ working to bring the body back into its normal healthy state when it has been revved up for too long or once the stressor has gone away.
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Dear Doctor
Go To
Adrenocortical dysregulation as a major player in insulin resistance and onset of obesity
Claude Roberge et al. (2007)
"Abstract
The aim of this review is to explore the dysregulation of adrenocortical secretions as a major contributor in the development of obesity and insulin resistance. Disturbance of adipose tissue physiology is one of the primary events in the development of pathologies associated with the metabolic syndrome, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. Several studies indicate that alterations in metabolism of glucocorticoids (GC) and androgens, as well as aldosterone in excess, are involved in the emergence of metabolic syndrome. Cross talk among adipose tissue, the hypothalamo-pituitary complex, and adrenal gland activity plays a major role in the control of food intake, glucose metabolism, lipid storage, and energy balance. Perturbation of this cross talk induces alterations in the regulatory mechanisms of adrenocortical steroid synthesis, secretion, degradation, and/or recycling, at the level of the zonae glomerulosa (aldosterone), fasciculata (GC and GC metabolites), and reticularis (androgens and androgen precursors DHEA and DHEAS). As a whole, these adrenocortical perturbations contribute to the development of metabolic syndrome at both the paracrine and systemic level by favoring the physiological dysregulation of organs responsive to aldosterone, GC, and/or androgens, including adipose tissue.
insulin resistance (IR), which is characterized by an insufficiency in insulin action, is associated with pathologies related to the metabolic syndrome, such as central obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidimia, and leads to increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Common forms of obesity and type 2 diabetes are polygenic diseases, resulting from complex interactions between genetic predispositions and environmental factors (18, 42), with particular importance of dietary fat intake (114, 146). Current data converge to indicate that dysregulation in adipose tissue physiology is one of the primary events in the development of insulin resistance (52, 109, 111), although other insulin- and glucocorticoid-responsive organs such as skeletal muscles and liver may also play a primary role (144, 168). Several publications and reviews also point to glucocorticoids (GC) (151, 190) and the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) as key players in controlling adipose tissue physiology (187). However, several reports indicate cross-talk relationships among the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, the melanocortin pathways, and the adipose tissue. Combination of certain gene variants with environmental factors, such as overheating, sedentarity, and chronic stress, appears to alter this cross talk, hence inducing perturbations in the regulatory mechanisms of adrenocortical steroid synthesis, secretion, degradation, and/or recycling. The aim of the present review is to explore the dysregulation of adrenocortical secretions as a major contributor in the development of obesity and insulin resistance."
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area of infarct in percentage of total ventricle area. excluding the background
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Well, it is very good question. My decision was for demonstration only. If I need to do it again on big set of images I would use algorithm rather than decision. f.e. Huang's approach on bright background giving threshold around 234-237.
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Hi, I want to make a medium called BYGT. According to the paper, it consists of 1.9% Brain heart infusion, 0.5% Yeast Extract, 0.2% Glucose, and 0.1 volume of 1.0M Tris at pH8. If I want to make 500ml of this medium, where should I start? Thank you for your help in advance.
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It will be used to grow Streptococcus agalactiae.
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Dear researchers, I am performing heart staining with TTC. after staining, the tissue becomes hard, rough and shrinks and i am unable to take photographs. How I can avoid it?
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Does anyone know the diameter (size) of mouse heart endothelial cell?
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Hi! On average, the diameter of endothelial cells can range from approximately 10 to 20 micrometers. However, there may be variations depending on experimental conditions
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Zebrafish heart is very small, Like a pinhead. We are trying to make histology of zebrafish hearts but facing problems. organ fixation is going well but after block prep tissue is becoming fragile. Kindly help me out in paraffin embedding of zebrafish heart.
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Zebrafish heart'histology tissue preparation shown by zenex lab through you tube
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I have been following the HeartMath Institute, reading about their teachings on heart coherence, Lately, I have been reading ''Science of the Heart,'' and I am trying to find a counter-argument, to the scientific discovery that the heart communicates with the brain; But have not yet found anything questioning this discovery. Is anyone aware of an author or peer-reviewed article, etc. that I can look at to learn the opposite point of view? Such as flaws in this notion of 'heart coherence' or 'heart-mind communication.'
Thank you,
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The concept of heart-mind communication, also known as the heart-brain connection or psychophysiological coherence, is a relatively new area of study in the field of psychophysiology. While there may be some skeptics about the validity of this concept, there has not been mainstream scientific opposition to this theory.
One concern that some scientists may have regarding the heart-mind communication theory is the potential for oversimplification of the processes involved. While the HeartMath Institute and other researchers have identified a number of physiological and psychological factors involved in the heart-brain connection, it is still an area of ongoing research and there may be more complexity involved than is currently understood.
Another potential concern is the potential overemphasis on the role of the heart in physiological and psychological processes. While there is evidence that the heart plays a significant role in the regulation of autonomic nervous system activity and has an influence on emotional regulation and cognition, it is not the only factor involved in these processes and it would be incorrect to attribute all of these functions to the heart alone.
However, it is important to note that these concerns do not necessarily negate the validity of the heart-mind communication theory or the research that has been conducted on this concept. Rather, they can serve as opportunities for further refinement and investigation of this area of study.
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Dear all,
I'd like to know your opinion about an issue I'm facing during the isolation of adult rat cardiomyocytes (CMs).
The protocol I've been following is as follows:
- Rats are anhestetized and heparinized before heart extraction
- Langendorff perfusion of isolated heart with Krebs solution (119 mM NaCl, 4.7 mM KCl, 0.94 mM MgS04, 1.2 mM KH2PO4, 25 mM NaHCO3, 11.5 mM glucose, 1 mM CaCl2 and equilibrated to ph 7.4) until the flow is clear from blood
- Low calcium buffer perfusion of 5 minutes step (120 mM NaCl, 5.4 mM KCl, 5 mM MgSO4, 5 mM pyruvate, 20 mM glucose, 20 mM taurine, 10 mM HEPES, 12-14 mM of CaCl2, 5 mM NTA pH-balanced to 7.4)
- A solution similar to the previous one but without NTA and 200 uM CaCl2 addition and with 1 mg/mL of collagenase type II (210 units/mg) and 0.6 mg/mL hyaluronidase, perfused for about 10 minutes
The flow rate is set to 1 drop/second.
- The heart is then removed from the Langendorff system, the ventricles are separated from the atria and minced to get single cells suspension.
- The digestion is completed under the fume hood and after getting the cell pellet, the CMs are resuspended in RPMI, complemented with additional Ca2+ to reach 1.2 mM concentration, BSA (0.2 %), ascorbate (100 mM), creatine (5 mM), carnitine (2 mM), taurine (5 mM), insulin (0.1 uM) and antibiotics.
The issue I've been experiencing is that my cells look pretty good and viable but I can't detect spontaneous contraction or even when paced via field stimulation (range of 8 V).
Could someone help me or suggest some improvements in the protocol?
I'm searching for a more gentle digestion that could improve my cells contraction and I'm doubfull about the Ca2+ gradient throughtout the protocol.
Thank you in advance for the help!
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Hi, I wonder if replacing the Sodium in the perfusion/digestion buffers with choline might help. I've been wondering this myself. best of luck
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Phonocardiography is an old and efficient technique for assesing the condition of the heart during cardiac cycles. Through auscultation, doctors can determine various abnormalities of the heart by listening. Is there any resources addressing the acoustic propagation of these mechanical waves through the human tissue towards the boundaries of the skin?
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Take a look at the article in AHA journal, Circulation research, Vol XIV, May 1964, p. 426-435. by JJ Faber, MB, Phd. "Origin and conduction of Mitral sound in the heart"
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Hi everyone!
We isolated and sequenced our nuclei, and performed hashing prior to sequencing by combining four samples in a single batch, with each sample being stained with a different TotalSeq B hashtag antibody. I am curious whether the 10X Cloud Analysis tool can support the demultiplex Cellranger pipeline for our specific case.
Thank you for your help.
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The 10x Cloud Analysis platform is a suite of analysis tools for single-cell sequencing data generated using 10x Genomics technology. The TotalSeq B antibodies are oligonucleotide-conjugated antibodies designed for cell surface and intracellular protein analysis in combination with single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) using the 10x Genomics Chromium platform.
TotalSeq B antibodies are designed to label cells for downstream analysis with scRNA-seq. While these antibodies can potentially label nuclei in addition to other cellular compartments, they are primarily optimized for labeling cell surface and intracellular proteins. Therefore, they may not be the most suitable reagents for nuclei staining in isolation.
However, the 10x Genomics platform supports additional assays, such as chromatin accessibility and gene expression, that can be used to analyze nuclei. For example, the ATAC-seq assay can be used to analyze chromatin accessibility, while the 10x Visium Spatial Gene Expression assay can be used to analyze gene expression in tissue sections.
In summary, while TotalSeq B antibodies are not optimized for nuclei staining in isolation, the 10x Genomics platform supports multiple assays that can be used to analyze nuclei and other cellular compartments.
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Hi all,
I need to test strains of L. monocytogenes for their potential lactic acid resistance. The idea is to introduce lactic acid at different concentrations of its undissociated form in a culture medium (e.g. Brain heart infusion), keeping the pH around 6-7, and test my strains for growth. Any suggestions on how to calculate it or how to measure it?
Thanks in advance
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The pH of sodium lactate (NaC3H5O3) / lactic acid (C3H6O3) pH buffer sol. (aq.) can be predicted after the Henderson–Hasselbalch equation; for details please check my post at:
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What is Berlin Heart?
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A Berlin Heart is a mechanical assist device. It pumps blood around the body in order to keep the brain and other organs healthy. This helps the child to grow and get stronger until they have a transplant or their native heart gets strong enough to function by itself.
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This week's blog post is on a subject near to my heart: psychotherapy research. In it I take a look at the "common factors" argument for why therapy works, from a two-minds perspective. https://sites.google.com/view/two-minds/blog
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Congrats for your interesting blog on 2 minds and psychotherapy applications. Working out the common factors of successful therapy is definitely an important research field.
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Hey everyone..
Would like to get your views on certain questions relating to Blood Pressure & cardiovascular physiology...
How is vascular pressure generated in the body? Is it because of the heart or the vessels?
What happens to pulse pressure when central artery stiffness rises?
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Blood pressure is the force that blood exerts on the walls of the blood vessels as it flows through them. It is generated by the heart pumping blood into the blood vessels and the resistance of the blood vessels to this flow.
When the heart beats, it generates a pressure wave that travels through the arteries, causing them to expand and contract. This wave of pressure is known as a pulse. The pressure generated by the heart during each beat is known as systolic pressure, while the pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest between beats is known as diastolic pressure. The difference between these two pressures is called pulse pressure.
The vessels also play a role in generating blood pressure. The resistance of the blood vessels to the flow of blood creates a pressure gradient that helps to maintain blood flow and generate blood pressure. The diameter of the blood vessels, the thickness of their walls, and the viscosity of the blood all contribute to this resistance.
When the central artery stiffness rises, the pulse pressure increases. This is because the artery walls become less elastic and more rigid, which reduces their ability to expand and contract in response to the pressure wave generated by the heart. As a result, the pressure wave is reflected back to the heart more quickly, causing an increase in systolic pressure and a decrease in diastolic pressure, leading to an increase in pulse pressure. This increase in pulse pressure can put additional strain on the heart and increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.
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Looking for a cell surface marker to identify adult mouse cardiomyocytes (from the heart, not cultures) by flow cytometry???
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There are several cell surface markers that can be used to identify adult mouse cardiomyocytes by flow cytometry. One commonly used marker is the cardiac muscle-specific protein alpha-sarcomeric actinin (ACTN2). This protein is expressed in the sarcomeres of cardiomyocytes and can be used to distinguish cardiomyocytes from other cell types in the heart.
Another marker that has been used to identify cardiomyocytes is CD31 (also known as PECAM-1), a transmembrane glycoprotein that is expressed on the surface of endothelial cells and some other cell types. CD31 has been shown to be expressed in a subset of cardiomyocytes in the adult mouse heart, and can be used to identify cardiomyocytes by flow cytometry.
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Hello everyone,
After the lysis step of cardiomyocyte isolation, we observed a lot of white dots (attached pic/circled) in the suspension when checking under a bright-field microscope. We wonder are those nuclei? If not, can you please help us to clarify what that is?
Thanks a lot!
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I am looking for a way to digitize scanned clinical ECGs so that I can analyze time intervals. I say several MATLAB-based methods published but without the script itself. The method should be reliable of course, published, and be open source.
Can anyone give advice?
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Total cardiology solution by philips.
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To date, there is an extensive and quite evidence-based literature on the negative impact of rock music (primarily hard rock) on the natural biorhythms of the human heart, brain and other organs. it's easy to get a list of hundreds of papers on the subject by googling keywords like rock-music and heart arrhythmia or similar.
An analysis of these publications shows that the harm of hard rock to people's health, in any case, is no less than the harm of smoking. So isn't it time to extend to heavy rock the same bans that apply to smoking in public places?
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I confess that I emotionally overestimated the relevance of the sources I found. However, on more calm reflection, I can say the following. The question I raised still requires serious research. This is indicated at least by the fact that in most works the effect of music on cardiac activity is considered, mediated through emotions, and not direct. Moreover, some authors claim that they did not observe the enthusiasm (that is, assimilation) of the heart rate to the rhythms of music. However, according to my experience in physiology and physics, this lack of assimilation of rhythms is possible only under the condition of the absolute impossibility of the resonance of the rhythms of music, with all their overtones, and the rhythms of the heart. In fact, the rhythms of the drummer and bass in hard rock, transmitted through the subwoofer, have frequency components that resonate not only with the heart rhythm, but also with alpha, theta and other brain rhythms.
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FFPE tissue sections of various murine tissues including the heart and liver, when stained using Polysciences' PSR kit (Cat# 24901), display 'blotches' or regions where there is a clear difference in the background (non-collagen) stain. Typically, PSR staining gives a straw or golden-colored background in the cytoplasm (sometimes pale pink), while collagen is very intense pink/red. I've attached an example low magnification image of a liver section we stained displaying the phenomenon I describe - non-uniformity in the background. I would love to hear if anyone else has experienced such an issue and what can be done to eliminate it. Although the collagen is stained well regardless of the background, it is visually unappealing. Thanks!
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This picture could be met in case of variation of the level of the rack on which the slides are stained. Air bubbles or dryness gives another picture. Please check about the level of the rack and also don't induce too much pressure on the cover slip.
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Hello everyone,
We're working on the cardiomyocyte nuclei isolation from the snap-frozen heart, and we are still facing some problems when it comes to determining if they're good/bad nuclei under brightfield microscope. Does any of you have pictures of how good nuclei should look like after isolation? And do nuclei always have to be in good round shape to be considered good? We take a look at 10x genomics pictures about good nuclei (https://kb.10xgenomics.com/hc/en-us/articles/360020348651-How-can-I-assess-the-quality-of-my-nuclei-for-Single-Cell-ATAC-or-Single-Cell-Multiome-ATAC-GEX-Sequencing-) but we see it differently every time we lyse the tissue, so we are not sure what are the real nuclei and how to evaluate whether they're good or not.
Attached is the picture we have the other day when we check the suspension under a 40x microscope, but we are not sure if the round white dot is the nuclei. Can someone please help me to verify this?
Thanks a lot!
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Use a higher magnification, ideally.
Nuclei should be ~10um in diameter, so going by the TINY scalebar in the corner of your images, you're in the right ballpark.
You can also use a nuclear dye (hoechst/DAPI) and stick them on a fluorescence microscope: if they're nuclei, they'll be really obviously blue.
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Hello everyone,
We are planning to use this protocol for our cardiomyocyte isolation: https://www.jove.com/pdf-materials/4205/isolation-of-cardiomyocyte-nuclei-from-postmortem-tissue
I am just curious about the functions of some reagents they have in the lysis buffer. Can you please help me to clarify the function of DTT and EGTA added in the buffer?
Thank you so much!
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DTT will break disulfide bonds as it is a potent reducing agent, and EGTA is a chelator that binds to mostly divalent cations, especially calcium ions, and abrogate their movement into the cells.
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Hello everyone,
I have heart frozen sections that I need to use for measuring necrotic core area,
Mostly I stained for Oil-red O but I found it very confusing when it comes to calculate the necrotic core area. Does anyone have any suggesting or software that can be used?
Many many thanks.
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I would fix them in 10% formalin and stain with H&E. It should be easy to appreciate necrotic areas. You could then digitally scan the slides and use image application software such as ImageJ or Visiopharm to quantify. I've not used Oil-red O to quantify necrosis before. I have heard of 2, 3, 5-triphenyte-trazoliumchloride being used but have no experience with this myself.
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Hello everyone,
We are currently working on cardiomyocyte isolation. We follow the protocol from the previous study and their lysis buffer consisting of 0.5 mg/ml Liberase TL, DNase1 (Worthington, LK003172), and 10 mM HEPES, dissolved in 1.305 ml DMEM (Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium, high glucose, GlutaMAX Supplement, pyruvate. I am curious if DMEM will suppress Liberase activity by any chance, which makes the lysis buffer not strong enough to lyse the cell and isolate the nuclei.
Thank you so much for your help!
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Malcolm Nobre Thank you Malcolm!
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  1. Concrete is the heart of civil engineers, as it plays a crucial role in binding materials properly. Nowadays construction costs are very high due to the scarcity or unavailability of natural resources. This problem can be resolved by the replacement of concrete with a different material that is not conventional in terms of required properties. From previous scientists' research, cement, sand, and metal are replaced by using different artificial materials.
  2. I wonder what other new materials can as binding to reduce cement or concrete?
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By the way, In Poland we hardly ever use pure Portland cement in ordinary concrete - we often use the cements with fly ashes or blastfurnace slag.
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I have taken confocal images using Second Harmonic Generation of infarcted heart samples. I would like to analyze the collagen organization using image-j. What macros are best for this?
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We should Look at some collagens like CHO3A4, CHO3A3 and CHO3A5 which can be altered at the N carboxyl chain to generate other series of Cholagen required at different domains at the chromosomal pair that support different intera or extracellular cells. Any slight alteration of this selected collagen can lead to modification or mutation of genes. This type of collagens can be used as an effective biomarker for the diagnosis of deficiency of the cellular matrix.
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is there anyone who have completed his research on heart beat evoked potential. can we discuss it on the base of literature? thanks,
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There is little evidence of interaction of Brain- Heart. Somatosensory area of Brain having linking with Heat beat . Higher Heart beat , lesser the stimuli of somatosensory area
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Has anyone heard the concept "heart failure is depression of the heart"? As TMS (transcranial magnetic stimulation) gains further FDA approvals for treating depression, is anyone looking at what it can do for the heart?
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I should add that the depression analogy comes from evidence that neurological depression is a result of cellular excitation changes due to chronic stress. I believe this involves the sympathetic nervous system chronic hyperactivation. This hyperactivation results in membrane potential changes, excitability changes and lots of cellular ROS and eventually mitochondrial damage and ATP reduction. HFpEF would be a similar mechanism.
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If possible, through which technique and/or use which model
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Pablo Veloso Hi, thank you for the answer!
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Hello everyone, we are working on isolating the cardiomyocyte nuclei from mouse hearts for single-cell sequencing and still facing some problems with high debris and blebbing nuclei. If anyone has experience with that, can you please help us to know which protocol you are using, I'd greatly appreciate that!
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I have been doing IR model (30min- ischemia, 120min-reperfusion) and than I reocclude the LAD(at 120min) , injection of 0.5-0.8 ml of Evans blue to the jugular vain than harvesting the heart rapping it with Plastic wrap and freezing at -20 for 15min, than cutting the heart using matrix to 1-2mm slices and incubating in 1% TTC in 37 degrees for 15min with shacking. than 10% PFA for about 90 min. What am I doing wrong??? why don't I get the blue/red/white staining that people show in their papers???
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Hi, may I know if the Evans Blue solution needs to be freshly prepared? And then, for the TTC solution, can it be reused?
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Hi, is hyperammonemia associated with worse outcomes of acute myocaridal infarction yet decreased risks of coronary and/or cerebrovascular events?
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Hyperammonemia is usually indirectly associated with worse outcome in AMI settings. As we know that most common cause of hyperammonemia is Acute Liver failure . But Recent evidence showed that excess ammonia level ,decrease coronory blood flow but beneficial at physiological range of ammonia level ( Increase coronary Blood Flow
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Hello,
Could someone recommend me an antibody to label macrophages and M1 macrophages for an immunofluorescence on frozen heart sections ?
Thank you in advance
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Thank you Giorgio Perino and Filip Konecny for your answers!
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What are some known weaknesses in non-traditional connected devices, like internet connected IVs, pacemakers, heart monitors, etc. and how they can be exploited to the detriment of the patient?
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Dear Rujin Hesen,
the use of Digital Twins (DTs) in the IoT will lead to major changes in healthcare.
This is illustrated by my figures:
Fig. 010154: Use of the Human Health Digital Twin
Fig. 010159: Health scenario with Human Health Digital Twin and Smartphone as Health Assistant
at the address:
Best regards
Anatol Badach
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I'm wondering if mouse heart samples need to be submerged in 15% sucrose after fixation, then 30%, or if I can put them straight into 30% overnight at 4°C. What is the reason for using a gradient and not just 30% straight away?
Note these aren't full mouse heart organs, but roughly 1/6th chunks of heart tissue.
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Hi Ekhlasur,
This is related to the osmotic tissue damage. Some tissues for an IF staining can be put directly into 30% sucrose. In this case, an osmotic pressure might cause water molecules migration from an area of lesser osmolality (higher water concentration) to move to an area of higher osmolality (lower water concentration) causing this tissue damage during prep for IF. Osmotic pressure caused by the osmolality differential across the cell membranes will (might) have negative impact on tissue morphology (in most tissues). For fragile tissues 20% sucrose is better as compared to 30%. Like e.g., in case of GFP, RFP and other fluorescent based protein staining.
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Hi!
I am looking to establish a zebrafish model that only expresses a transgene in skin / epidermis. Not in neurons and muscles and heart cells.
Maybe someone would you be able to recommend a good promoter?
Thank you very much!
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Skin restricted expression in Zebrafish cytokeratin ll is controlled by +141/-85 promoter usually.
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The below is a link to my thesis. I have been asked at interviews about either my philosophical or theoritical background underpinning my study but I realized my answers were never satisfactory to them. I will be very grateful if any experienced researcher(s) can help me get it once and for all so I can give a befitting answer whenever I encounter such a question. I count on your generous heart for answers. Thank you
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Kwadwo Boateng Thank you! I understand. As David L Morgan mentioned, this is too much to discuss here. I would follow David L Morgan suggestion.
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What is the prevalence of an ischemic CVA following an ERCP to remove a gallstone from the common bile duct by endoscope, and is there an effect on the heart.
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Glynis Freeman Absolutely. That is why checking or verifying understanding is so important in medicine, and it's part of rapport in communication. Warmest regards
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I mean where is the boundary between being alive and being dead ?
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I don't think so but if you replace the Heart or respective organ within the physiological activity of that particular organ it may possible but it is not so easy task
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Hello All,
I need to identify the heart region and thorax region in an automated manner in an ultrasound scan image of the heart. Could anyone tell me the step by step guide to identify the regions once an input image is given. Any assistance regarding this would a great help.
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Training data need to assign bounding boxes to the area of interest. Object detection will try to find the best overlapping bounding box. Some algorithms work with random shapes. To start follow the link below, Yolov3 and Faster RCNN are very good:
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Hi :D Im Juan Ignacio and this is the first time ive worked with animal cells.
Im currently establishing two cell cultures of two different types of tissue that i extracted from the same mice. One of them is a heart tissue culture that I made using the ventricles of a 14 week old mice and the other is a mesenchymal cell culture extracted from the inguinal fat of the same specimen the same day.
I have linked 2 pictures taken from an inverted microscope of both cultures and in both of them i can see small round bodies that are much smaller than my cells of interest. The first image is of the mesenchymal cells (red circle) at 40x and the second one is of cardiac tissue at 20X.
My concern is that these white bodies may be evidence of a yeast contamination but ive never had this sort of contamination before so im not sure if those white bodies are merely a by-product of the fact that its a primary culture. Both cultures are 1 week old and ive changed the media of both of them twice. Any sort of feedback is greatly appreciated, a big thank you beforehand.
-Juan Ignacio Garro Rodriguez
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If not directly coming from your culture media, these crystals can also emerge from the coating material. When the coating material is not precisely applied (excessive amount, or improper basal solution for resconstitution during coating etc.), or somehow dried, they turn into heavy crystals that does not easily come off during medium changes, but they should also do no harm to your cells as long as they are static.
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I studied the gene expression (PCR test) and the protein level (ELISA) of collagen type I in heart tissues. In PCR, I found a difference between the study groups in the expression of collagen gene but in ELISA, no difference has been detected. What is the justification of this difference between the findings for the same marker ?
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