Science topics: Geoinformatics (GIS)Hazard Assessment
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Questions related to Hazard Assessment
I am looking for collaboration in writing a research paper; if anyone working in occupational safety, workplace accidents, Process safety, and nature of injuries & severity related areas please drop a message
Regards
It will be great if you can help me with the links of free satellite imagery for natural hazard assessment
Hi Everyone
I am using R-CRISIS for seismic hazard map creation. I know how to use the given attenuation model in R-CRISIS but I want to use an attenuation model from a published article. How to make such an input file? Also, I would like to know, how to find out suitable spectral ordinate parameters for each zone for R-CRISIS? (It will be so helpful if you explain the later one in detail)
Hope Somebody can help me with this.
Looking for a case study where severe influx and loss events were experienced even when a MPD system is installed and active. Interested in the sequence of events and mitigation steps.
A real well example, not theoretical discussions. A big shout out to the petroleum engineers, drilling engineers, MPD experts and wellsite folks.
Thanks in advance.
Hazardous waste from incinerator plant
I have a two step reaction that I would like to make a one pot reaction, but I'm worried whether or not commercially bought 33% HBr/AcOH (hydrobromic acid in acetic acid) is compatible with molecular sieves (4 angstrom).
In the first reaction (diazoketone formation using TMS-protected diazomethane), I use molecular sieves in the flask to keep the reaction dry, which I then filter off through a sintered funnel. I then treat the filtrate with a small volume (few mL's or less) of my HBr/AcOH solution.
Ideally, I would like to add the HBr/AcOH directly to the flask containing both the diazoketone product and molecular sieves, as this would spare me the filtration of a hazard solution in addition to quenching the fatal TMS-CHN2 reagents. My only concern with making this is two-step/one pot reaction is that the HBr/AcOH will somehow not be compatible with the sieves.
Does anyone have experience doing this? I suppose I could try treating activated sieves in an empty flask with HBr/AcOH, but I'm mostly worried about the formation of some sort of toxic byproduct.
Hello everyone,
this is the second draft of my Question, I'll keep refining it until it becomes readable, coherent and goes to the point. Thanks for the entries and the suggestions already offered. This is part of my Ph.D. studies, dealing with remote sensing techniques and numerical modelling of deforming slopes. The question popped out once I completed a run of simulations using a combination of 2D and 3D trajectory analysis software (Rocfall and Rockyfor3D, and I'm planning to add RocPro3D to the recipe as well).
In a Ritchie's video (from Ritchie 1963, see attached image for reference, I do actually love it), on the CD that comes with the book ROCKFALL, Characterization and Control (TRB), he says how angular momentum, and increased rotational velocity, is one of the most important factor controlling the run-out of falling blocks, if a rock stays close to the slope, and start to roll faster and faster, is very likely to end up further away from the bottom of the slope, even compared to other geometrical/physical properties. And he mentions also how falling rocks tend to rotate perpendicular to their major axis, which is a minor issue for equidimensional blocks (spheres, blocks) but it can be fundamental for elongated blocks (e.g. fragments of columnar basalt).
The real case scenario I'm testing the models with, is a relatively small rockfall. Its vertical drop is about 15 m in a blocky/columnar weathered granite, the transition zone is resting at approximatively 45 degrees, covered in medium sized blocks (10 cm to 1 m across section), the deposition zone is about 25 m away from the vertical wall, confined by a 3 m height crushed rock embankment. The energy line for this event is extremely high (around 80 degrees), because is constrained by the rocktrap. I'll add some maps, maybe some screenshots, to hide some sensible information.
In the simulations that I have run (in ecorisQ's Rockyfor3D) it looks like the column-like boulders (having a very evident major axis, the base is .4 m x .8 m, while the height is 1.8 m) travel farther than any other class of rocks (I got 3 classes, small spheres 50 cm in diameter, large cubes 1 m by side, and column-like), even the ones larger in dimension and volume/mass, but with all 3 axis of comparable length. You can observe the results in the maps attached to the question. Img02 has been computed with cubical blocks. Img03 with elongated block.
The value of the pixels farther away from the bottom of the slope, the ones that overtopped the rocktrap, upon investigation, in GIS, show a value of indicatively 0.05 (%). Following some consideration in the ecorisQ manual they should be considered outliers, and practically tolerable.
My question is: how do I have to interpret this effect? Is it due to the rigid body approach? If everything else stay the same, mass should be the primary factor for controlling the horizontal travel distance right? Why I do find smaller block travelling farther? It might be a negligible difference given the extremely low likelyhood for those blocks to get there, but does it tell me something I don't get about how the numerical model works?
Is there a way to visualise angular momentum/rotational velocity in that software? AND, most importantly, is the way the problem has been formulated valid?
I really appreciate any help and any idea you can share about it. I'm very appreciative of the time you will spend regarding my problem. I'll probably keep adding details as they are needed. Thanks again
Kind Regards,
Carlo Robiati, PhD student in Camborne School of Mines, UK
Inform about upcoming workshop/training programs in Landslide hazard assessment.
Generally landslide inventories are used to assess the landslide hazard.Where landslide datas are not available ,LSZ or LHZ maps are used for this.So how to estimate the future probability (temporal) of landslides ?
It is well known that directivity effects cause pulse-like ground motions in near-fault region and increase the seismic hazard and risk. These effects depend on the source to site geometry parameters and in some recent ground motion models have been accounted for their impacts in seismic hazard assessment.
Mostly, landslides are mapped using aerial photographs, satellite images and other higher remote sensing techniques. Field based mapping is next approach in mapping the landslides. While we generate landslide susceptibility or hazard model using the inventory, we have to validate the model. This can be done by randomly partitioning data in training and testing data-sets (for success and prediction rate). ROC plots/AUC can be used to validate the model.
Is it MUST/NECESSARY to verify each and every landslides (in the inventory) in field? How to deal with this shortcomings in the quality of inventory maps?
Our Health & Safety team on site is trying to convince us to work with the Glove Box in under pressure. Our normal work is Li ion battery assembly in 2 and 3 electrode configurations with metallic lithium used regularly and with standard organic battery electrolyte. How can I convince them that working in over pressure is a standard procedure in this type of activity?. Thanks!
I use Atkinson and Boore (2011), Chiou andd Yaungs (2008), Campbell and Bozorgnia (2008) eauations for seismic hazard assessment.
some parameters at these equations like type of faulting, dip angle, rupture width, depth to top of rupture... are identified for linears sources, however, sources of my zone are area sources.
would you please let me know how to use those parameters for area sources using attenuation equations?
does anyone please know to help me?
I need any handbook for "GIS systems in engineering geology" and/or "GIS systems in natural hazard assessment" and unfortunetelly.
If anyone can help me, I'll be very thankful.
I would like to develop or at least attend external field trips that explore processes of modern carbonate sedimentology but my organization has been denying approval due to safety concerns. If anyone knows of a good safety plan, risk register, and/or hazard assessment related to snorkeling and using small boats, please point me in the right direction!
I have found concentration of Arsenic and other metals less than LOQ of AAS. But, for the calculation of Hazard Quotient (HQ) do I need to calculate for the values that are less than LOQ?
Also, if I calculate the value it will be like (<2.30 or like this). Then for HI (which is the sum of individual HQ) how can I include that value in calculation?
Can you help me to get out of this situation?
Damage and loss got exaggerated due to liquefaction effects as this has been witnessed in several large magnitude earthquakes in India and Abroad. In NatCat modeling for Insurance/ reinsurance purpose, would you suggest to consider its effects in earthquake hazard ground notion or in loss assessment through additional vulnerability functions.
I am developing a medical device (orthopedic prosthetic), during application I want to use UV curable adhesive for fixing and cavity filling. for that I am planing to use High power UV led light having peak wavelength of 365 nm and intensity is ~100mw/cm2. I coulden't find any confirmed data on safety study over skin. exposure is one time and it would last for 3-4 minutes.
Should I go ahead with above UV LED light ?
Would you please help me to find safety study for this ?
Previous evaluations of regional liquefaction hazards identify several geologic and hydrologic factors that influence the susceptibility of a deposit to liquefaction, including (1) the age and depositional environment of the deposit; (2) the relative consolidation of sands and silts; and (3) the local depth to ground water
Can you outline these procedures in preparation of liquefaction hazard map? If you have developed relationship in each stage stated clearly?
What are the procedure for preparation of liquefaction susceptibility map?.
Good morning every one
I am doing a PhD in computer sciences and Risk analysis. My major goal is aggregation of data in order to build an indicator that would assess the consequences of a given scenario of industrial accidents on biodiversity.
In the case of a scenario in which a big volume of an acid or basic solution would be lost in the environment (for exemple Ajka accident, Hungary, 2010) and if we could predict the modification of pH in the surrounding environment (that would go back to 7 after two or three days). Would it be possible to assess "how bad it would be for the biodiversity". I have been told that, for a 7 +- 1.5 pH, almost everything dies. Could we say for example "with a 7+- 1 pH there would be a big impact but with a 7+-0.5 pH almost nothing happens"?
Thank you for your help
Tom
I am interested to use InSAR data and techniques in the Himalaya and Karakoram Ranges to identify geohazards like landslides and to make further hazard assessment, analysis to mitigate the georisk. Thanks for valuable comments and suggestions.
Regards
IJAZ
I am combining multiple studies on mortality in CKD per different categories of 25(OH)D. One study have reported Hazard Ration per 1 unit standard deviation increase in 25(OH)D and some reported Hazard Ratios (HR or relative risk). what is the difference between HR/SD and HR? Is there any possibility to convert HR/SD to HR? Assuming both types of study measure mortality, can both be combined together? Thank you.
what data sets and algorithms can be used? you can attach a soft copy of a report, journal or pdf on the same question?
I want to know if there is any heath hazard in using Titanium Dioxide as disinfectant . for the one who work with it for long term of time
I am combining multiple studies on mortality in mental health. Some studies report standardized mortality ratio (SMR) and some report Hazard Ratios (HR or relative risk). Assuming both types of study measure mortality, can both be combined together? Is SMR effectively just HR but deaths vs general population expectations? Or is there some mathematical difference which means they cannot be pooled. Thank you.
In Zn Phosphate process, how can we increase the bath life of the Activation bath and when and what is the indication other than pH for bath discarding?
Identifying assets is the primary, and most critical step in threat modeling, because assets are essentially threat targets.
So, How we could determine that the list of assets is complete and be sure that we have not overlooked relevant assets?
The model in which hazard rate is constant called negative exponential model.
Recent deliveries of 10 x TBE solution from Life Technologies have had a label attached to the bottles which states:
"Contains TRIS Base, Boric Acid Danger
causes skin irritation
causes serious eye irritation
May damage fertility, May damage the unborn child"
While the available MSDS for the powdered TBE mix does carry similar warnings, the MSDS for 10 x TBE states that there are no special measures required and that generally there is no irritation risk.
Is anyone aware of changes to the hazard status of 10 x TBE solution and are special precautions/personal protection required when handling it ir the 1 x and 0.5 x dilutions in use in the lab?
I prepared physical and social vulnerability maps of Seoul and Busan megacities. But I could not find the methods to validate those maps.
All ethoxylated materials are said to contain trace amounts of EO and 1, 4 Dioxane. If my product contains well bellow .1% of ethylene oxide, does this need to be mentioned in the SDS in order to be compliant with California Prop 65?
According to The Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (http://oehha.ca.gov/prop65/crnr_notices/admin_listing/requests_info/092013ChangeBasis.html) regarding Prop 65 and ethylene oxide.
Prior to June 1, 2016, employers may use the following legend in lieu of that specified in paragraph (j)(2)(i)(A) of this section:
“DANGER ETHYLENE OXIDE CANCER HAZARD AND REPRODUCTIVE HAZARD AUTHORIZED PERSONNEL ONLY ”
“1910.1047(j)(2)(ii)(A)
The employer shall ensure that labels are affixed to all containers of EtO [ethylene oxide] whose contents are capable of causing employee exposure at or above the action level or whose contents may reasonably be foreseen to cause employee exposure above the excursion limit, and that the labels remain affixed when the containers of EtO leave the workplace. For the purposes of this paragraph (j)(2)(ii), reaction vessels, storage tanks, and pipes or piping systems are not considered to be containers.”
"Action level" means a concentration of airborne EtO of 0.5 ppm calculated as an eight (8)-hour time-weighted average (https://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=standards&p_id=10070).
So here's my math:
.5/1,000,000= 0.0000005
0.0000005 x 100=0.00005%
I can't find a clear answer, or if there's a new regulation concerning EO. Many of our products would only contain trace amounts, if any at all since EO is extremely volatile and they were not required to be reported before, but the UN's Global Harmonizing System or California may have changed the rules.
I am planning on creating flood hazard maps of coastal regions.I would like to achieve that without using any numerical model even if it is an open-source.
If anyone could suggest me some papers with methodologies it would be great.
Hazard is any factor or situation that has an adverse effect on man's health while risk is the probability of an unfavorable event occurring on someone. So does this imply that hazard is a dormant risk? What then is the threshold (ceiling) for hazard to be converted into risk?
We're developing a hazard perception test for young cyclists. We collected a lot of videoclips with hazardous events. The next step would be to create a time frame in which participants can respond to the hazard by clicking on a button. At the end of the clip a score (based on the timeframe in which te hazard develops over time) should be given to the participant. Which software can I use?
Usually an Internet search would return billions of results when the following keywords are looked up, 'disaster statistics' or 'natural hazard statistics'. Further exploration reveals official and unofficial numbers. To complicate matters there are various news reports which furnish unverified figures. Although I believe it may not be that easy to come to a consensus on putting a numerical figure on the losses but still where does one look for the right sources.
Having said that, I would appreciate if I can get some help in identifying the legitimate sources. It doesn't matter if it is at the International, national, regional or even local level.
For meta-analysis: Can hazard ratios and odds ratio be used interchangeably in meta-analysis? If not how can I convert hazard ratio to odds ratio?
Computer vision syndrome (CVS) is a temporary condition resulting from focusing the eyes on a computer display for protracted, uninterrupted periods of time. Some symptoms of CVS include headaches, blurred vision, neck pain, redness in the eyes, fatigue, eye strain, dry eyes, irritated eyes, double vision, vertigo/dizziness, polyopia, and difficulty refocusing the eyes. These symptoms can be further aggravated by improper lighting conditions (i.e. glare or bright overhead lighting) or air moving past the eyes (e.g. overhead vents, direct air from a fan). [Source: Wikipedia]
With the increasing access to digital devices, Computer Vision Syndrome is becoming a common ailment
Nowadays ours eyes do not get adequate rest as most of the time we are either on our computer, laptop, i-pad, mobile or watching television. Eye strain caused by excessive use of computer is called Computer Vision Syndrome or digital vision syndrome. It manifests as tiredness, inability to work for long hours, blurring of vision, double vision, watering, redness, itching and pain in eyes. These symptoms will be present in 95 per cent of people who use the computer for more than three hours a day.[Source: The Hindu]
Some Excerpts from the second article:
What To Do
Posture and Exercises
Good posture and regular exercises of back and cervical muscles are a must if you use the computer for more than three to four hours a day.
Lighting
The room should be well illuminated with the light source positioned in a way that light does not fall directly on your eyes or on the screen The light source should be behind the screen or on the ceiling and partially covered. anti-glare screens and spectacles can also help.
Dryness
Normally we blink 10 to 12 times a minute. When we watch TV our blink rate is 5 to 6 a minute and while working on the computer it further goes down to 3 to 4 times a minute. Reduced blinking causes evaporation of tears thereby increasing the osmolarity (concentration) of the tears. The hyperosmolar tears induce inflammation and tear film instability which in turn cause increase reflex lacrimation. In other words, the dry eye caused by Computer Vision Syndrome may present not only as dry eye but may present as watering and inflamed eye.
To overcome this, it is better to have the computer screen 20 to 40 degrees below the eye level. This causes partial closure of the eyes by the lids thereby decreasing the evaporative surface.
Your comments and views are welcome. Muchas Gracias !!
I am interested in suggestions for verbal anchors that may be used for different levels of severity (such as minor, moderate, severe...) and definitions for each level.
For example, when we are trying to use Cox proportional hazard regression model to analyze the hazard ratio (HR) of medication A on disease B. Another medication C is known to increase the risk of B, and that medication C is often but not always prescribed in those patients receiving medication A. Let's assume that medication A do in fact increase the risk of B, will there be "overcorrection" when we add medication C into the covariates and make the HR of A become statistically insignificant?
If so, how could we deal with this problem and have a better analysis to reveal the true effect of A on the risk of B?
In univariate case hazard rate, my interest is of bath tub form.
Is there anything like bath tub shaped hazard function in bivariate case?
Academia provides scientific knowledge; governments provide regulations, enforcement, and financial support; organizations bring parties together, advocate and promote participation, etc.; and private sectors innovation and technical support.
How can land use change reveal the frequency and magnitude of natural hazards occurrences? I want to find the relation between these two. I need also some methodology to evaluate a possible relationship.
I have culture microbes with hydrocarbon substrate to detect biodegradation hydrocarbon activity, I used N-hexane to extract the residual compound before GC-MS analysis. Should I decrease pH solution before extraction? What is the function of decreasing pH?