Gynaecology - Science topic

RESUMEN El Ministerio de Salud en Chile ha realizado una propuesta para cálculo de profesionales según número y tipo de camas hospitalarias, tanto para la atención abierta y cerrada. Dicha propuesta difiere de las recomendaciones internacionales, donde se propone un fonoaudiólogo cada 10 camas, siendo aún mayor según cada Institución. En el país so...

Objective Healthy behaviours are important for people with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, adopting and maintaining lifestyle changes involves a complex set of behavioural changes, which most patients fail to adhere to. The current research on health literacy, which includes individual and social skills needed in health self-management,...

Background Endometriosis is a common, gynaecological disease characterised by the presence of endometrial-like cells growing outside the uterus. Lesions appear at multiple locations, present with variation in appearance, size and depth of invasion. Despite hormones being the recommended first-line treatment, their efficacy, success and side effects...

Background: Ovarian cancer is the gynaecological malignancy with the highest mortality and diagnosis often occurs in its advanced stages. Standard treatment in these cases is based on complete cytoreductive surgery with adjuvant intravenous chemotherapy. Other types of treatment are being evaluated to improve the prognosis of these patients, includ...

Background: Cervical cancer is one of the major causes of mortality among women worldwide. It has taken fourth place among malignancies that affect women, the first leading is breast cancer. In developing countries including India, it is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. It is readily preventable and can be diagnosed at the pre invasive...

La instrucción de la medicina engloba la transmisión de una cadena de conocimientos sobre la ciencia médica, la capacitación para practicar un conjunto de habilidades clínicas entre las que destacan los procedimientos diagnósticos y terapéuticos, y la transmisión de una serie de actitudes relacionadas con los principios y valores de la profesión mé...

Objective The study aims to equip both Obstetricians and Gynaecologists with the knowledge of clinical conditions that will benefit from interventional radiology, equipment and materials that are commonly used, benefits, complications and the side effects of these techniques. Methods It was a single-centre, retrospective cohort study with examples...

Introdução: As malformações congênitas são defeitos no desenvolvimento de órgãos e regiões corporais presentes desde o nascimento. Fatores genéticos e ambientais podem causar malformações, com algumas associações fenotípicas compartilhando mecanismos etiológicos comuns. Compreender o perfil epidemiológico das malformações é fundamental para campanh...

This article addresses the topical issue of improving the quality of medical education on the example of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. The authors propose practical approaches to student assessment aimed at developing practical skills and critical thinking. Among the methods considered are the use of standardised clinical simulation...

On June, 2023, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos started robotic-assisted operations using VERSIUS robotic surgery system (CMR, Cambridge, UK) and performed 29 robotic surgeries within the first 3 weeks. This surgical system was purchased with funding from the European Regional Development Fund. Comprehensive three-month-long learning c...

Introduction: Guillain-Barré syndrome is an acute, inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy of autoimmune aetiology. It is a rare disease seen in 1 in 100,000 person-years. Up to 20% of those affected develop severe disability; mortality in Guillain-Barré syndrome is 5%. Guillain-Barré, associated with many malignancies as a paraneoplastic phenomenon, h...

Background: Post term pregnancy has been defined as a pregnancy that persists beyond 294 days or 42 weeks of gestation. It most likely occurs in less than 5% gestation and has been associated with increased perinatal mortality rate. There is a strong body of evidence that the induction of labour at term and prior to 42 weeks of gestation is associa...

Objective Female Genital Schistosomiasis (FGS) causes intravaginal lesions and symptoms that could be mistaken for sexually transmitted diseases or cancer. In adults, FGS lesions are refractory to treatment. The effect of treatment has never been explored in young women; it is unclear if gynaecological investigation will be possible in this young a...

Background: Patient Satisfaction is defined as the individual’s positive evaluation of a distinct dimension of care. Satisfaction is positive when the perception of the care given meets pateints’ level of expectation. The ideal anaesthesia for ambulatory procedures should provide a rapid and smooth onset of action, good intraoperative analgesia, go...

Background Studies have found that women with gynaecological conditions and symptoms do not feel listened to by primary care clinicians. Less understood is whether primary care clinicians perceive that there are challenges around listening to and interacting with this patient group. Aim This study aims to understand primary care clinicians’ perspe...

: Pain management during labour is an essential part of good obstetric care. Though this severe pain during labour is not life-threatening, it can have physiological and neuropsychological consequences. Adequate analgesia during labour is a benefit for the mother, has a positive influence on the course of labour and the state of the new born child....

A Fisioterapia na Saúde da Mulher é a especialidade voltada à assistência fisioterapêutica ao longo do ciclo vital feminino. No Brasil a especialidade é reconhecida pelo Conselho Federal de Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional por meio da Resolução Nº. 372/2009 e regulamentada por meio da Resolução-COFFITO nº 401. Trata-se de uma especialidade que co...

Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) refers to bleeding that occurs outside of normal menstrual cycles and includes changes in the regularity, frequency, duration, or amount of bleeding during or between periods. AUB is a condition that causes significant impairment in women's health, impacting a substantial proportion of women in different stages of th...

Early detection of abnormal progress of labour and prevention of prolonged labour significantly improves pregnancy outcomes. Partograph is a simple and important tool which can provide a continuous pictorial overview of labour on a single sheet of paper and is essential to monitor labour. (1) To study the progress of labour using WHO modified parto...

The article focuses on the professional and scientific achievements of Professor Mykola Markiyanovych Volkovych, who gained recognition inside and outside the borders of Ukraine. He demonstrated an exceptional level of professionalism as a surgeon, being honoured as one of the founders of Kyiv’s surgical school and earning a distinguished reputatio...

Objective This study aims to evaluate the usage and implementation of video remote (VR) interpreting and telephone remote (TR) interpreting in primary healthcare settings. Design This publication forms part of a larger three-pronged study in which we compared both remote interpreting modalities to each other and to a control group. This paper conv...

Objective To examine patient‐described experiences of endometriosis diagnosis. Design Mixed‐methods study. Setting Online patient‐led endometriosis support groups. Population or Sample People with endometriosis aged over 18. Methods A survey with qualitative and quantitative questions was distributed through online patient‐led endometriosis sup...

Introdução: A sirenomelia é uma condição caracterizada pelo desenvolvimento anormal do corpo caudal de um feto, com fusão parcial ou completa da extremidade inferior, sendo também conhecida como Síndrome da Sereia. A anomalia é uma malformação grave multissistêmica, geralmente envolvendo os sistemas gastrointestinal, geniturinário, cardiovascular e...

Objective To investigate whether conisation increases chorioamnionitis (CAM) and assess whether this risk differs between preterm and term periods. Furthermore, we estimated mediation effects of CAM between conisation and preterm birth (PTB). Design A nationwide observational study. Setting Japan. Population Singleton pregnant women derived from...

Introducción: El espiradenoma ecrino es un tumor anexial benigno raro que surge de las glándulas sudoríparas écrinas. Comúnmente se presenta como un nódulo de crecimiento lento en la parte superior del tronco y la región de la cabeza y el cuello, principalmente en el rango de edad de 15 a 35 años, sin predominio de género. Por lo general, se presen...

Resumo Introdução: Anticoncepção corresponde ao uso de métodos e técnicas com a finalidade de impedir que o relacionamento sexual resulte em gravidez. O médico residente em ginecologia e obstetrícia deve estar intimamente familiarizado com as múltiplas opções contraceptivas existentes, o modo de uso, os efeitos colaterais e suas contraindicações. O...

Introduction Pregnancy-related acute kidney injury (PRAKI) causes substantial maternofoetal health burden in developing countries. The causes of PRAKI are diverse, important ones being haemorrhage, sepsis and preeclampsia in developing countries. Methods A retrospective study was conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, and Nephro...

Introducción La presentación que les haré, tiene la expectativa mostrar un (mi) punto de vista sobre un tema controversial, de modo de provocar la reflexión y la discusión en un espíritu académico. Si esto resulta, un segundo objetivo será proponerles que transformen en algo sus prácticas asistenciales actuales y eso dependerá de que me concedan al...

Introduction Breast cancer survivors (BCSs) experience more severe symptoms of genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) than healthy postmenopausal women. As hormonal therapy with oestrogen should be avoided in BCSs, finding an effective and safe therapy to address vaginal symptoms and sexual dysfunction is urgently needed. Physical methods may be...

Background Training programmes for obstetrics and gynaecology (O&G) and general surgery (GS) vary significantly, but both require proficiency in laparoscopic skills. We sought to determine performance in each specialty. Design Prospective, observational study. Setting Health Education England North-West, UK. Participants 47 surgical trainees (24...

Introduction Iron-deficiency anaemia is common in gynaecological oncology patients. Blood transfusions are immunosuppressive and carry immediate and long-term risks. Oral iron replacement remains the standard of care but requires prolonged treatment courses associated with gastrointestinal side effects, poor compliance and variable absorption in ca...

The emergence of Covid-19 and all the restrictions that the pandemic has brought with it can affect contraception processes in women, which is why telemedicine is a very useful tool. For this reason, it has been proposed to develop this bibliographic review article on contraception and telemedicine to provide gynecological guidance, specifically co...

Background During the reproductive period among pregnant women, the worst pain a woman can experience is labour pain. Untreated labour pain has many detrimental effects on the mother and the fetus. Then, the inadequate levels of awareness and attitudes toward labour analgesia among pregnant women are considered a serious concern that influences no-...

Vaginal dehiscence after pelvic surgery is an extremely rare gynaecological emergency world over. Without a high index of suspicion, it can easily be missed with grave consequences. We present an extremely rare case of this post abdominal hysterectomy case for which if immediate suspicion and timely intervention were not ensured, the patient would...

Purpose Improved health outcomes for individuals ever diagnosed with cancer require comprehensive, coordinated care that addresses their supportive care needs. Implementing interventions to address these is confounded by a lack of evidence on population needs and a large pool of potential interventions. This systematic review estimates the point pr...

Primary dysmenorrhea is characterized by recurring, crampy lower abdominal pain occurring during menstruation in the absence of pelvic pathology. It is the most common gynaecological complaint among adolescents. According to the literature, young females with primary dysmenorrhea experience stress, anxiety, lower-back pain, and depression. Yoga is...

To examine differences in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) between native and foreign-born gynaecological cancer patients in Sweden, taking into account clinical, demographic, and socioeconomic factors. The 30-item European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer quality of life questionnaire (QLQ-C30) and a study-specific questionn...

Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI)/Premature ovarian failure (POF)/Early menopause/Premature menopause is the cessation of ovarian function in women before 40 years of age. POI is characterized by menstrual disturbance (amenorrhoea or oligomenorrhoea) with raised follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels >25 IU/L and low estradiol < 10pg/ml. POI...

Primary acquired hypothyroidism in children manifests with a myriad of clinical presentations. Clinical features can be insidious in nature, often under the guise of non-specific presentations to other subspecialties prior to referral to the endocrinologist. Growth failure is a hallmark feature in these children alongside their presenting clinical...

Introduction: Adnexal torsion is a significant source of morbidity, and nonspecific signs can make diagnosis difficult. Early identification is crucial to avoid ovarian infarction and the likelihood of related infertility. Our study aims to assess the clinicopathological profile of adnexal torsion cases through retrospective analysis from a tertiar...

The COVID-19 pandemic, officially declared by the World Health Organization on 11/03/2020, when the SARS-CoV-2 virus had spread to 114 countries with >118,000 cases, prompted significant changes in daily life and potentially increased stress levels. This study aimed to investigate the difference in stress levels among women in North Macedonia, both...

Endometrial cancer (EC) is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide, with rising incidence partly due to changing reproductive trends and ever increasing obesity. Obesity, especially central adiposity, is linked with endometrial adenocarcinoma, possibly due to elevated estrogen and decreased sex hormone-binding globulin levels. The study ai...

Unlabelled: Beneficial effects of music intervention and progressive muscle relaxation alone on psychological issues were reported, however, studies evaluating their combined effects are limited. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility, acceptability and preliminary effects of music intervention combined with progressive muscle relaxation...

Introdução A infecção genital pelo HPV é a mais freqüente infecção sexualmente transmissível (IST) na mulher e no homem 1. Atualmente existem mais de 200 tipos diferentes identificados de HPV, entre os quais mais de 100 estão completamente seqüenciados geneticamente e mais de 120 com seqüenciamento parcial. Cerca de 45 tipos infectam o epitélio do...

Omstreeks 1900 bevonden vrouwelijke patiënten zich in een ongelijkwaardige onderhandelingspositie in Amerikaanse ziekenhuizen. Toch daagden zij de ideeën en praktijken van hun artsen op verschillende manieren uit. Aan de hand van patiëntenverhalen werpt Jolien Gijbels licht op de invloed van vrouwen op de gynaecologen in het Johns Hopkins ziekenhui...

In cancer of the uterine cervix, the role of desmoplasia, i.e., peritumoral stromal remodeling characterized by fibroblast activation and increased extracellular matrix deposition, is not established. We conducted a retrospective cohort study based on data from 438 patients who had undergone surgical treatment for cervical cancer as part of the pro...

Background Endometrial cancer is the most common gynaecological tumour in developed countries and disease burden is expected to increase over the years. Identifying modifiable risk factors may help developing strategies to reduce the expected increasing incidence of these neoplasms. Objective This study evaluates the association between occupation...

Medical profession is frequently opted by able students from different family backgrounds as it offers a noble, revered and financially stable career. The choice made by medical students regarding their career specialty is not only an important decision for their future but it also affects the availability and the quality of services the country's...

Introduction. Women involved in amateur equestrian activities may encounter spine pain and discomfort in the lower pelvic region. Aim of the Study. A research hypothesis was established, suggesting that training the muscles responsible for stabilising the lumbar spine may have a positive impact on reducing both lumbar spine pain sensations and gyna...

Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is described as the implantation of an embryo outside the normal uterine cavity. It most commonly occurs in the fallopian tube, hence termed a tubal ectopic pregnancy (tEP). It is a gynaecological emergency and remains the leading cause of direct maternal mortality related to the first trimester of pregnancy worldwide. This a...

Objective: To compare the efficacy of medical termination versus manual vacuum aspiration in first-trimester miscarriage. Method: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology This was a quasi-experimental study done at Services, Institute of Medical Sciences Lahore from January to September 2018. Women who chose medical termination were offered 600 mic...

Context Effective clinical medical student education includes attention to teaching approaches. This study assessed the impact of a new multi-element teaching mode that utilizes Bite-Sized Teaching, flipped classroom, and MOOC on learner perception in an Obstetrics and gynaecology clerkship. Methods A Two-stage crossover design study was conducted...

Introduction: Pre-eclampsia is a pregnancy-related hypertensive disorder with maternal and neonatal complications. Many studies are done regarding the prevalence of pre-eclampsia in Nepal but ascertaining the maternal risk factors and fetal outcomes are important. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of pre-eclampsia among pregnant...

Background: Satisfaction rate for Copper Intra uterine device (Cu-IUD) is still under research because of the complications related to IUD. Cu-IUD is very effective means of contraception but only 1.5% of married women between age 15-49 years use it owing to the myths associated with IUD.The aim of the study is to find the satisfaction rate among I...

Introdução: O tumor de Buschke-Löwenstein é um tumor raro associado ao vírus do papiloma humano, sobretudo ao serotipo 6 e 11. Pode apresentar uma importante invasão local, com elevado impacto na qualidade de vida. A identificação precoce e tratamento das lesões de condiloma acuminado simples previne o seu desenvolvimento. Descrição do caso: Utente...

A pesquisa bibliográfica trata da doença ginecológica nos desfechos obstétricos: saúde da mulher frente a endometriose e adenomiose um estudo acerca das suas consequências subsequentes, que teve como objetivo avaliar a conduta da mulher frente ao diagnóstico da endometriose e adenomiose e elucidar os possíveis métodos para tratamento. O presente tr...

A doença inflamatória pélvica (DIP) é uma síndrome que afeta predominantemente mulheres em idade reprodutiva, pode causar dor pélvica crônica e infertilidade. O objetivo do presente estudo foi fazer um levantamento epidemiológico dos óbitos por DIP notificados no Brasil. Estudo ecológico, de série temporal, de abordagem quantitativa e de natureza d...

Background: Ectopic pregnancy is a leading cause of maternal mortality in the first trimester. The prevalence rate varies with time and with the population under study. While the mortality rate appears to be on the decline, most cases in this part of the world still present in ruptured state necessitating invasive management through open laparotomy...

Presentación de resultados preliminares de un estudio que actualmente sigue en curso.

Introduction: Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is the most common nutritional deficiency in pregnancy. Anemia results in poor pregnancy outcome and also affects fetal outcome. This study was undertaken to evaluate the response of intravenous iron given to pregnant women with severe IDA and their feto-maternal outcome. Methodology: A prospective study...

Purpose. Nutrition support in inoperable bowel obstruction (IBO) remains challenging. Parenteral nutrition (PN) is recommended if prognosis is > 2 months. An elemental diet (ED) is licensed for strictures in Crohn’s disease but has not been used in malignant bowel obstruction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of ED in patients with IBO...

Objective: To assess the association of oxytocin receptor (rs53576) and melatonin hormone receptor 1B (rs1387153) gene single nucleotide polymorphisms with psychological symptoms in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Method: The case-control study was conducted from May 1 to June 1, 2022, at the Department of Physiology, University of Karach...

Background: COVID-19 has led to a global health crisis that is defining for our times and one of the greatest challenges to emerge since World War II. The potential impact of the pandemic on mental health should not be overlooked, especially among vulnerable populations such as women who gave birth during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Method...

Dentre os diversos campos de conhecimento que englobam a área médica de saúde da mulher podemos destacar as abordagens ginecológicas, doenças autoimunes, hormonioterapia com seus riscos e benefícios, obstetrícia em seus assuntos mais delicado

Pacientes ginecológicas diferem de pacientes do pré-natal na apreciação da participação de estudantes de medicina nos atendimentos ambulatoriais RESUMO Introdução: A participação de estudantes nas consultas clínicas é essencial para a educação médica deles. Tal experiência permite a aquisição de habilidades técnicas e a transmissão de valores ético...

Tubo-ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynaecological cancer. More than 75% of patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage, which is associated with poorer overall survival. Symptoms at presentation are vague and non-specific, contributing to late diagnosis. Multimodal risk models have improved the diagnostic accuracy of adnexal mass assessment bas...

BACKGROUND:Postpartum haemorrhage(PPH) is the most importantr cause of maternal death in Pakistan.Over 125,000 maternal deaths have been reported each year due to PPH. Major causes of PPH include uterine atony and haemorrhage from the placental bed. There is a recent increase in the rate of cesarean section which has increased the incidence of Plac...

Background: aim was to study the risk factors, clinical presentation and management of ectopic pregnancy in a tertiary care centre of North Delhi Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology Hindu Rao hospital and NDMC medical college, Delhi. A total of 65 cases of ectopic pregnancy w...

Endometriosis is a common gynaecological problem, primarily affecting women of reproductive age. Most common site of endometriosis is ovaries. Extra ovarian sites include uterine ligaments, fallopian tubes, rectosigmoid, laparotomy or C-section scars and urinary bladder. There can be formation of ovarian endometriotic cysts or deep infiltrating end...

Background Few previous studies have introduced general techniques to overcome the “chopstick effect” in laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (LESS). We aim to investigate and highlight the key ergonomic methodologies for gynaecologic LESS based on the surgeon’s hands-on performance. Methods The first author surgeon A reviewed and analyzed the LES...

Resumen El objetivo del presente estudio fue identificar la prevalencia y comorbilidades en pacientes diagnosticadas con útero didelfo en el Hospital Nacional Hipólito Unanue, el tipo de investigación es observacional – descriptivo y retrospectivo con enfoque cuantitativo; asimismo la población a estudiar se encontró conformada por los pacientes at...