Green Architecture - Science topic

The energy crisis of 2022, the climate crisis determined by the accelerating global warming process and the increasingly emerging smog in cities are the main determinants for the development of sustainable, zero-energy and zero-emission green building. In the perspective of a few decades, practically every investment that significantly improves the issue of energy efficiency and zero-emission should be included in the implementation of the green building transformation process. The basis for this kind of thesis, which plays a key role in climate, energy and environmental policy, is the pursuit of sustainable development goals, the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, combating the ongoing process of global warming, limiting the scale of biodiversity decline and other environmental policy objectives. Besides, among the important objectives for the implementation of the green transformation of the economy, including the green transformation of the building industry, is the reduction of consumption, i.e. the scale of fossil fuel combustion, and the conversion of energy sources supplying heat and electricity to buildings from sources based on dirty combustion energy to renewable and emission-free energy sources. In this way, the development of sustainable green buildings with a high level of energy savings, low energy consumption and low or zero carbon emissions could be one of several key factors not only in the context of building a green, sustainable, zero-carbon closed loop economy, but also in terms of energy independence and a high level of energy security, which could be important in the future if further energy crises were to reoccur. In addition to this, an additional positive effect of the green transformation carried out in the construction industry will also be an improvement in air quality. In the European Union, the building industry, including unsustainable, energy-intensive construction, generates 40 per cent of energy consumption and is responsible for 36 per cent of greenhouse gas emissions. The European Union is therefore planning to accelerate the process of the ongoing green transformation of the economy, including the green transformation of the construction industry. One important element of the green transformation of the building industry is the thermal modernisation of existing buildings, which makes it possible to reduce energy consumption, including fossil fuels, by at least half. Existing, in-service buildings should be energy retrofitted by insulating them, modernising building facades by adding additional layers of materials to prevent heat loss from buildings, and equipping them with new renewable and carbon-free energy sources. On the other hand, newly constructed residential, office, industrial and other facilities should be built using new green building technologies and eco-innovations in materials, energy and others so that they are characterised by a high level of energy efficiency and zero-carbon. In view of the above, over the next few years all buildings in the European Union are to be significantly improved in terms of thermal energy consumption and zero carbon buildings should be achieved as soon as possible.

In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:

What do you think about it?

What is your opinion on this subject?

Please respond,

I invite you all to discuss,

Thank you very much,

Warm regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

What are the goals of green architecture and future of green architecture?

The effective economic development of a region, municipality or local economy may also depend, among other things, on the development of cooperation developed between local government units and commercially operating business entities. The development of cooperation developed between local government units and commercial operators can activate the development of green entrepreneurship and eco-innovation. The development of cooperation developed between local government units and locally or regionally operating economic entities of the SME sector may be activated in order to increase the scale of development of pro-environmental, green entrepreneurship and eco-innovativeness. The development of the aforementioned cooperation can be an important element in increasing the effectiveness of the green economy transformation process. The green transformation of the economy should lead to the implementation of sustainable development goals, increasing the scale of biosphere, biodiversity and climate protection. The implementation of green economic projects can be carried out more efficiently and effectively through the systemic cooperation of public institutions, local governments and commercially operating companies and enterprises, which cooperate and implement joint green projects together, which should increase the scale of sustainability.

In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:

What do you think about this topic?

What is your opinion on this subject?

Please respond,

I invite you all to discuss,

Thank you very much,

Warm regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Given the ongoing climate change, including global warming, air pollution, limited areas of urban parks and other green spaces, gardens, flower meadows established on the roofs of buildings in cities can significantly increase the areas of urban green space. When urban green areas are significantly expanded, the biodiversity of natural ecosystems in cities can also increase significantly. In addition, additional green areas can have a positive impact on the air quality of cities. Air quality is not only a question of pollution levels, but also humidity levels and summer temperatures. Additional green spaces can play an important role in the rest and recuperation of residents, which can translate into improved health for people living in the city. Additional green areas, including gardens and flower meadows, also mean more foraging areas for insects, including pollinating insects, whose numbers are rapidly declining due to the over-chemicalisation of agriculture. Besides, additional green areas in cities can increase the level of sustainability in terms of sustainable development, green building and environmentally and climatically sustainable urban agglomerations.

In view of the above, I would like to address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:

What is your opinion on this topic?

Please reply,

I invite you all to discuss,

Thank you very much,

Regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

In the context of the current energy crisis, there is a growing demand for the creation and industrial-scale implementation of new eco-innovations and green energy technologies that would help citizens and businesses survive the currently unfolding energy crisis. The current energy crisis is characterized by rapidly rising fuel and energy prices and the growing scale of energy shortages. Rising energy and fossil fuel prices are one of the key factors in the acceleration of inflation, which has already begun to rise almost as early as early 2021. In some countries, the government is offering subsidies for the purchase of more expensive fuels and energy. However, this creates another pro-inflationary factor. In view of the above, the creation and implementation of what kind of new eco-innovations and green energy technologies should be covered by interventionist government subsidy programs (purchase of certain types of power, energy sources, e.g. to install photovoltaic panels on the roof of the building, etc.) and subsidies (preparation of homes, buildings, businesses, e.g. insulation of building facades, etc.)?

In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of researchers and scientists:

Please answer,

I invite everyone to join the discussion,

Thank you very much,

Best wishes,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Within the framework of social ecological entrepreneurship, citizens can, for example, run home vegetable and fruit gardens, flower gardens, flower meadows under the formula of sustainable organic farming. Besides, citizens within the framework of social ecological entrepreneurship can set up small-scale home electric and/or thermal power plants based on certain types of renewable and/or emission-free energy. Besides, conducted social clean-up campaigns in city parks and forests; donating used electronic equipment, consumer electronics, household appliances, etc. to electro-waste collection points; setting up associations and other organizations implementing periodic events, picnics, festivals, etc., aimed at pro-environmental and pro-climate education of citizens. From the bottom up, citizens' ventures in social ecological entrepreneurship can be an important part of the green transformation of the economy and the realization of sustainable development goals. Besides, local governments are also increasingly taking measures to support the activity of citizens within the framework of social ecological entrepreneurship. Projects implemented within the framework of the participatory budget (1 percent of the local government's budget) can be implemented projects proposed by residents, which can be part of the current trends of pro-environmental, pro-climate, green transformation of the economy, in the green transformation of the local government and/or municipal economy and the realization of sustainable development goals. The civic activity of municipal residents can also be carried out within the framework of social ecological entrepreneurship through activities implemented socially by citizens on the basis of an agreement with the local government. Many times, many small activities carried out by citizens within the framework of social ecological entrepreneurship can produce more positive effects than short-term, few larger projects carried out by large business entities.

In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of researchers and scientists:

And what is your opinion on this topic?

What do you think about this issue?

Please answer,

I invite everyone to join the discussion,

Thank you very much,

Best regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

In the context of ongoing climate change, the ongoing process of global warming, environmental pollution, the health of people living in the city, urban parks and other green spaces have a very important role. Studies show that urban green areas also play an important role in the number of bees and other pollinating insects, in reducing the extinction of these insects that are important for agricultural crop production. Many bees and other pollinating insects die in agricultural fields where too many pesticides and other crop protection chemicals are used. Urban parks, urban gardens and other green areas play an important role in protecting the status of bee populations. Besides, green areas, urban parks significantly reduce the air temperature in summer during hot weather. This makes the air quality better, the temperature lower during hot weather, the air more humid and cleaner. Urban parks and gardens therefore play a key role in terms of shaping the biodiversity level of natural ecosystems of green areas in cities, in conurbations and also in large metropolitan areas. Unfortunately, in some cities, the trend of so-called concreting instead of afforestation still prevails. This has continued to be the case over the last decade or so in the country in which I operate. It is only recently that the local authorities of some cities have started to pay attention to these issues. In order to reduce the scale of the summer drought in cities, they began to reduce the scale and frequency of lawn mowing and in city parks. Flower meadows have finally been created instead of mowing lawns. Bird nesting boxes and insect houses began to be erected in city parks. In some cities, areas of concrete pavements that were too large began to be dismantled and green belts increased, etc. Finally, after many years of appeals to city authorities by ecologists, naturalists, biologists, but also citizens of many other professional specialisations, environmentally and climate-conscious city dwellers, something has started to happen in terms of protecting the biodiversity of natural ecosystems in urban green areas and also increasing green areas in cities and urban metropolises. Rainwater catchment systems are being set up in urban housing estates. Rainwater and/or water from sewage treatment plants is used to water urban lawns, flower meadows, urban parks and other green areas in cities. There is a return of moa to the establishment of home gardens, with residents creating flower gardens but also vegetable and fruit gardens. Nowadays, rising food prices and the developing energy and food crisis can reinforce these positive trends. In addition, more and more environmentally and climate-conscious city dwellers are cycling instead of using combustion cars. There are more and more positive developments. But these are only the beginnings of the above mentioned positive, pro-environmental and pro-climate changes.

In view of the above I address the following questions to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:

What do you think?

What do you think about this topic?

Please reply,

I invite you all to discuss,

Thank you very much,

Best regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

In the context of the current energy crisis, rising property prices in conurbations and the climate crisis which is also developing in the long term, the following question is becoming increasingly topical:

What is your opinion on this topic?

Please reply,

I invite you all to discuss,

Thank you very much,

Warm regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

What role in the shaping of citizens' pro-environmental attitudes and the implementation of pro-environmental and pro-climate measures do local government units play?

What arguments can you give in support of the thesis that local government units play an important role in shaping citizens' pro-environmental attitudes and implementing pro-environmental and pro-climate undertakings.

What examples can you give of pro-environmental measures and pro-climate projects implemented and/or coordinated by local government units?

For example, do the local and regional authorities you know develop waste segregation programmes, expand green areas in cities, build municipal and/or other wastewater treatment plants, organise events to raise pro-environmental and pro-climate awareness among citizens, create flower meadows on city lawns, promote and develop electromobility on city public bus transport, subsidise the purchase of hydrogen-powered buses, etc.?

Please reply,

I invite you all to discuss,

Thank you very much,

Regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

How can an energy independent home be built?

How can a zero-energy (energy-neutral) house be built?

How can a zero-emission and energy- and climate-neutral house be built?

What combination of energy efficient building technologies and renewable energy sources should be used to build a fully energy independent home?

What are the key priors for sustainable, environmentally friendly construction?

Various solutions are being used in the construction industry to reduce energy consumption and CO2 emissions into the atmosphere. New building materials are being used, as well as insulation materials for facades to reduce heat loss. Various renewable and emission-free energy sources are used (windmills, photovoltaic panels, others). Thermal (in winter) and/or cooling (during hot weather) energy-generating devices based on heat pumps, air conditioners, etc. are used.

What are currently known to be the most convenient, sustainable, energy-efficient and cost-effective combinations of applied energy-efficient building technologies and various, especially renewable/zero-emission energy sources in fully energy-independent houses?

What do you think about this topic?

What is your opinion on this subject?

Please reply,

I invite you all to discuss,

Thank you very much,

Thank you,

Greetings,

Dariusz

An intelligent planning of rooms based on Passive Solar design could effectively mitigate energy consumption and also promort the comfort. Anyways, what are the different methods used in the construction industry to implement passive solar design in rooms? Any scientific theories? Any case studies?

The acceptable industry standards for water pressure is 140 kPa - 560 kPa. Domestic appliances operate under the intermediate pressure magnitudes. Topographic features and the increase of customer density cause deviations in water pressure throughout the supply system. In some cases, some water supply networks provide water in exaggerated high pressure to reach some customers in high altitude. This higher pressure accelerates the volume of water running out through unobserved leakages in supply system which results on microbursts of water pressure that may cause large scale failure and demands higher maintenance cost for water supply providers.

Dear researchers, what is your recommended solution to prevent these unnecessary pressure rise against transient scenarios?

I have prepared 6 manuscripts related to green roof substrates, 4 of them consist of experimental studies and 2 literature reviews. I have previously submitted some articles for 8 journals. But unfortunately I am continuously getting rejected due to "inappropriate content" for the corresponding journal. Meanwhile, some of the journals have facilitated me article transfer options and still I am getting rejected by those transferred journals with same reason of "inappropriate". I don't want to let my works in vain. Can anybody suggest me some suitable journals with high acceptance rate and have subscription options for publications?

It would be a tremendous help.

Hi,

While each of the 4 main criteria can include many sub-criteria, this question is about how companies in real-world projects set boundaries between them in their documentations (submittals and reports). For example, the training of project people criterion is it reported in the cost, or the quality, or the sustainability. Are there any references for these boundaries? With my very limited experience, I think tools like BREEAM and ISO are not clear enough for me as an academic student to help setting up such boundaries.

Please, can you indicate if your answer is based on project experience in this field?

Thank you very much beforehand.

Hello all

Can anyone help me answer this?

Should the exterior surface temperature of the building wall be lower/higher than the ambient temperature on a summer day??

The interaction that indigenous architecture has with green architecture is such a profound and ancient interaction that since humans built early settlements based on natural components such as wind direction or sunlight to make the most of natural energy , Has been considered. Today, the issue of green architecture and its relationship with the structure of indigenous architecture and building design with regard to the background and climatic and natural diversity of each region is an inevitable debate that makes the long-standing concern of architects from the past to the present in saving And reduce energy efficiency in buildings. The present discussion seeks to explain the components of indigenous architecture and climate architecture and its relationship with the principles of green architecture in order to improve the quality of architecture in new constructions and tries to study the architecture of buildings and climate-compatible texture in samples with a descriptive-analytical method. Case researchers from different countries and take steps to explain the components of indigenous architecture. Due to the indigenous architecture and climate design of each region in the process of better management and saving of non-renewable energy consumption and maximum use of renewable energy (sunlight, wind, etc.), improving the quality of the environment and improving the quality The comfort that is a feature of green architecture is effective in man-made environments.

In connection with the progressing process of global warming, the importance of creating and implementing eco-innovations, including architectural eco-innovations, is growing.

Currently, projects are being created: City of tommorow, Eco City, Vertical Forest etc.

Will humanity manage to realize these projects?

Will the global warming effect of global warming lead to the disaster of many urban agglomerations?

Please reply. I invite you to the discussion

What kind of scientific research dominate in the field of Sustainable pro-ecological anti-crisis Keynesian socio-economic development?

Please, provide your suggestions for a question, problem or research thesis in the issues: Sustainable pro-ecological anti-crisis Keynesian socio-economic development.

Please reply.

I invite you to the discussion

Thank you very much

Dear Friends and Colleagues of RG

I invite you to discussion and cooperation.

Best wishes

What kind of scientific research dominate in the field of Pro-development Keynsian pro-environmental state intervention?

Please, provide your suggestions for a question, problem or research thesis in the issues: Pro-development Keynsian pro-environmental state intervention.

Please reply.

I invite you to the discussion

Thank you very much

Best wishes

It happens that some buildings often designed in an innovative way, according to innovative concepts, which were later found to be crucial for the development of a specific era in the history of artistic development, are considered as a kind of architectural works of art. Architectural objects of this type are designed by globally known architects, they become the main objects of architecture, a kind of showpiece of a specific city, region of the country and quickly become tourist destination destinations and are covered with special protection as recognized as a significant contribution to the history of architecture and national heritage development of the country.

Do you agree with my interpretation of architectural works of art?

Please reply

Best wishes

Hello everyone,

I am studying the energy saved using thermal insulation with double glazing in the building cities. My question is how I can estimate the energy saved ?

My best

I am doing thesis research on "Sustainable site management for green construction". The motive of this study is to illustrate a comparative study of green rating systems and enhancing sustainable site management for green construction. As a part of the research, I have prepared a short online questionnaire on measures. Here is a questionnaire that encompasses the measures extracted from the research that affects the quality of sustainable site management. I kindly ask you to take five minutes of your time and contribute to this project, which will help us in better understanding the need for sustainable site management. So please answer the questionnaire in the link below and forward this message to your honoured collaborators who might be interested in assisting my research work and answering the questionnaire. Please give your opinion about the effectiveness of each measure from 1 (Not recommended) to 5 (strongly recommended) in the given below link. Your alliance is highly comprehended and I am anticipating your favorable response.

Thank you for your precious time. https://forms.gle/6xqbmmKCWX7GQkTB9

Yes, in my opinion, it is possible to combine technology and business. Taking into account the current technologies of ecological construction, technologies of renewable energy sources, etc., it is possible to combine such technologies as housing, socio-economic, ecological and smart city policies. Currently, this is possible technologically, while the key problem is mainly financing the development of this type of construction.

Unfortunately, as always with the need to develop new pro-ecological technologies, the key issue is the problem of finding sources of financing. In connection with the above, will sustainable sustainable housing development be developed to solve the problems of limited access to housing for people, low-income families, depends mainly on the financial capabilities of the state and local governments, state finances and awareness of the policy makers from the planned specific policy prosocial and residential as well as pro-ecological.

Do you agree with me on the above matter?

In the context of the above issues, I am asking you the following question:

Please reply

I invite you to the discussion

Thank you very much

Hi All,

Please, can you give the best estimation ( a single % number or a range) of the weight of assessed sustainability criteria 'of the construction phase ONLY' in a certified (BREEAM Excellent or LEED Gold) new construction building project?

Is there any source/ study that details the reported criteria per phase?

Thank you beforehand.

Hi

I work in the field of renewable energies in buildings, exactly the economical impact of adopting solar energy in building.

I am looking for a scientific journal specialized in publishing scientific works in this field. It shall be available for the following conditions:

1- The topic of renewable energy and buildings.

2- Indexed Scopus.

3- Quick response to submitted works.

4- Free of charge.

I would be very grateful if you could help and guide me!

In my opinion, these processes mostly concern or rather concern the energy market, the energy raw materials market, the market of eco-innovations, for example concerning renewable energy sources, the smart technology market, etc.

Do you agree with my opinion on this matter?

In view of the above, I am asking you the following question:

Please reply

I invite you to the discussion

Thank you very much

Best wishes

In the 21st century, in connection with the technological development and the need to develop cities according to the green economy concept, including sustainable pro-ecological development, is it possible or will be to build a fully autonomously energetically and ecologically, economically self-sufficient smart city?

Please reply

Best wishes

I'm specifically interested in the radius around the building site, within which a given material has to be sourced to be considered regional. In LEED, this radius is 500 miles (800 km) around a building site and materials that are sourced within a 160 km radius are given double credit within the Materials and Resources credit category. Is there a similar consideration within DGNB certification? Thank you!

What is the difference between bioclimatic design and green design in architecture?

We all know that arable land is becoming a limited resource and as such is planting vertically really the way to increase production in smaller spaces?

Approach to designed greenery has changed drastically in the last few decades. There have been fruitful discussions on urban designer/architects’ role in morphing urban greenery, however, much remains unexamined regarding particular relationship between users, technology and the evolution of urban greenery. How did (/does) technology shape urban greenery? I would appreciate ideas on place specific users feedback/involvement from dense city fabrics. Thanks.

in rapid urban expansion, peri-urban area's landscape (forest, hill area, wetlands) are occurred to change by uncontrolled land-use, impact on buffering settings. how to measure and make further policies to overcome?

I try to put in place an evaluation system for Green Building in my country, Iran. I consider all popular systems and their features.

Do you have a suggestion to extract an appropriate customized model?

anyone Recent research on barriers in implementing green architecture in india?

I am interested in the mainstreaming of ecosystem thinking in relation to spatial planning. I analyzed the case of Birmingham and I would like to compare it with other significant cases. Thank you

I'm interested in the topic of manufactured sand.

I am currently developing an index that can assess buildings' potential for green retrofitting, from the technical and economic point of view. I would like to know if there are any other researchers who are/have been working on the same issue.

Dear All,

I have read about the two software programmes developed by the MIT: UMI and ARCHSIM. Have anyone ever used them?

I am looking for a simulation software to model urban agriculture integrated onto buildings'skin (rooftop farms, facade farms, greenhouses) and test its impact on urban microclimate (I work a t a district scale!). I would like to understand if one of these programmes suits the purpose...

Which opportunity do these programmes give me to detail building elements and cover building surfaces with vegetation and shading divices? Is it true that components can be freely modeled in Rhino and materials can be assigned (also vegetation)?

Thank you in advance for your help!

Best regards

Hi, I am planning to do the project on recycled aggregates. For that I need the procedure to treat the recycled aggregate with acids like sulphuric acid and nitric acid. I searched in many journals but I didn't find anything. So, please help me.  

Thank you

Energy demand changes from building to building, as a result of extensive variety of building uses on campuses.What control applications can be implemented that result in multiple benefits uniquely suited to the campus setting ? Any contribution is greatly appreciated. 

There are different materials for building envelope, but most of them are not classified according to their solar reflectance. How do you obtain accurate data for green buildings certification or building  energy simulation?

Am also interested in the following with respect to tall buildings in urban situations:

cost/benefit analysis of development,

MFA analysis over lifespan of construction/operation/demolition,

macroeconomic analysis of development and operation,

infrastructural upgrades within existing urban contexts?

What would be the pros and cons of lean construction in small-large scale sustainable building projects?

I am doing the project on recycled aggregate concrete. I need the annual consumption of concrete in the world and in India please help me.

thank you

Am working on a development project entitled " Planning for open spaces within low income residential areas". I need to review policies and good cases studies,,,If anyone has such information kindly share...

While trying to investigate the benefits of having architecture and built environment education within the school curriculum, we have come upon a considerable number of experiences in this area, but mostly dedicated to describing the subjects covered and expected benefits, with very little information regarding actual outcomes and the way they were measured.

I would be very grateful if someone could point me to studies that have collected evidence regarding the results and benefits of such activities.

Thank you.

What knowledge can architecture, landscape architecture and planning bring to the sustainable development sciences in the field of International Development, specifically for the region of Australasia, and South Pacific Islands. Research and relevant papers that address this issue will be valuable in helping to frame and establish this research project. 

Should the binder to be in powder form?

This is the PIM application on copper powder material.

Looking to find any specific guidelines on measuring embodied energy in Australia. Thus far have only been able to find this page from the the government

Any help would be great, thanks.

There are many different methods to mitigate the urban heat island, such as wetlands, green roof buildings and setting up satellite cities. I want to know which method will be more comprehensive to mitigate the heat problem and can be more benefits to the city.

Landscape/ Green Spaces in public buildings in general and hospitals in specific are believed crucial factors that contribute to improve the positive impacts on human/patients wellbeing. Not only making the minimum impact on the physical environment, communities and economies, it is also providing health benefits to human occupants to the built environment, providing landscape’s overarching goals to which all landscape professionals are committed. Medical doctors take a Hippocratic Oath to do no harm; architects take an oath to provide health safety, and welfare to the public by means of the shelters they design (Henderson, 2012).

Atriums are considered the heart of public buildings (hospitals/ shopping centres/ educational centres/ office buildings etc.). Not only the main spaces where social activities happen, people gather/socialise but also connect to the nature (sun/ green spaces) to meliorate the indoor environment/ levels of comfort of the buildings. We assess how the atrium by providing important, but difficult-to-measure functions such as comfort, socialisation, interface, way finding, contact with nature (for instance: the natural lighting performance of roof skylight systems in buildings with atriums) and diurnal rhythms (Adams et al., 2009; Yildirim et al., 2012).

Measuring the values based on environmental.

Architecture design , eco- design with children.

The most common used model for ET is P-M model. I find it suitable in most cases. But I found some difficulties determining aerodynamic resistance ra. ET is defined on the horizontal pane, whilst the green façade is sheltered from one side and the wind profile definition does not apply for that case. Does anybody have any experience on this particular case?

I am planning to write my thesis on urban agriculture, and look at analyzing which type of urban agriculture technique is best suited to the city of Melbourne, a low density, sprawling city. Whether in this context, the use of vacant blocks of land and public gardens etc is a more viable method than building integrated agriculture, such as rooftop gardens and edible vertical gardens.

This research will consider the contribution that building design elements for mitigation of bushfire can make to the domestic home’s overall sustainability outcome. Contribution to this gap in research will enhance the knowledge of how to achieve an integrated design response. The research is needed to combine the fields of bushfire construction and sustainable architecture leading to a better understanding by practitioners.

I am keen for people's thoughts on the topic and any link to research in the field that can inform my approach to this research.

One of the main issues of the 21th century is the effect of urban heat island. Researchers have explore various methodology in suggesting ways to mitigate UHI. This research is focussed on how urban vegetation is considered as the most prominent solution in mitigating the effects of UHI.

In a thickly populated space where a piece of land is an exorbitant, but the landscape is pretty vital. What aspects are to be taken into consideration in order to design landscape in such areas and what would be the compromising aspects?

I am working on a project to identify the best suited trees for sustainable urban green cover. Some of the criteria for tree selection are - tree height, good foliage spread, less leaf fall...etc.

CPU fan and heat sink are used for heat removal of CPU. But one can not neglect the fact that this heat impact adversely on our environment. Is there any best alternative exist for removing this heat?

I am concerned about the reported brittleness of Aerogel and the possibility of air leaking into the vacuum in vacuum panels. However their high insulation values mean that I have to investigate them.

Different prototype of community gardens can produce new shared territorials that could be public , semi-public or even private in each neighborhood.

Except CH2 building and rooftop garden at the Burnley campus of the University of Melbourne, we almost cannot find many green roofs in Melbourne. However, through the picture, we can see the green roofs occupy the most of the city of Sydney.

Any calculating method or standard? According to the density of population or size of urban area?

I wish to know what parameters should be tested before going for this type of construction.

I came to know that there are materials like waste plastics being used for sustainable construction in African countries. What are the other possible construction materials available as eco-friendly substances? And what type of tests should be conducted before going for the same.