Science topic

Government - Science topic

The complex of political institutions, laws, and customs through which the function of governing is carried out in a specific political unit.
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(AIS)
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One quick note: the AIS benefits of using blockchain technology in government institutions are largely the same as private businesses. I've outlined some of them below.
Increased Transparency: The distributed ledger technology that powers blockchain utilizes immutable records, which means that blockchain transactions are recorded/verified in such a way that stakeholders have access to accurate and timely information.
Digital Security: The cryptographic algorithms used by blockchain are designed so that blockchain data cannot be modified, helping prevent fraud of financial crimes in government institutions.
Improved Efficiency: Blockchain can automate several accounting processes, such as reconciliations and audits, reducing the time and resources needed for manual tasks.
Cost Reduction: Blockchain eliminates the need for intermediaries and third-party entities, reducing transaction costs and fees.
Streamlined Data Management: Blockchain can facilitate the sharing of data among different government departments and agencies, promoting collaboration and efficiency. In addition, it does so in a way that is digitally secure.
This is not a comprehensive list, but hopefully it provides some general ideas. Feel free to ask if you have further questions.
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What are examples of housing policy programmes that have worked effectively and have significantly increased the availability of housing for citizens, including young people starting families?
In many countries, specific housing programmes have been designed and implemented or attempted to be implemented with varying results, which consisted of activating and subsidising, within the framework of government financial support programmes, investments in the construction of flats, housing estates, houses, etc. The aim of such programmes is primarily to reduce the scale of the housing gap in society by increasing the number of flats and residential houses in the country, increasing to a large extent the availability of housing for citizens, including young people starting families. Besides, in connection with the fact that the construction sector is one of the key cyclical sectors in the economy, so among the key objectives of introducing such programmes within the framework of the government's housing policy is also the activation of economic processes through the creation of an additional economic growth activator, which can also be an important anti-crisis factor in the economy during the forecasted and ongoing economic downturn caused, for example, by international factors, the global economic crisis affecting the open economy. Unfortunately, not all such housing policies have worked effectively. For example, in the country where I operate such a housing policy programme, whose official strategic goal was to counteract the high housing deficit in the country in the face of social needs, was to be the Housing Plus Programme, the implementation of which was started by the PIS government from 2016, i.e. immediately after winning the parliamentary elections. This programme, alongside the social programme Family 500 Plus, was one of the key election slogans before the parliamentary elections held in autumn 2015, which the organised PIS political group won and thanks to which the PIS government, which has been in power for almost 8 years, was formed. Unfortunately, despite the passage of two parliamentary terms and the governments in power, the housing programme announced in the 2015 election campaign has not been implemented on the announced scale. In view of the above, the social and housing current goals of the Housing Plus Programme have only been realised by a few per cent relative to the original plan, the strategic goal of significantly reducing the housing deficit gap has not been realised. In fact, only the political objective of this housing policy programme, i.e. winning the parliamentary elections in 2015 and the local elections held in the following years, has been fully realised.
In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of researchers and scientists:
What are some examples of housing policy programmes that have worked effectively and have significantly increased the availability of housing for citizens, including young people starting families?
And what is your opinion on this?
What is your opinion on this subject?
Please respond,
I invite you all to discuss,
Thank you very much,
Best regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
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Let me share with you in terms of Malaysia's effort to help its citizen to own a house. There have been several housing policy programs in Malaysia that have proven to be effective in increasing the availability of housing for citizens, particularly young people starting families. Here are some examples:
  1. People's Housing Programme (PPR): This program was introduced in the early 2000s to provide affordable housing for low-income households. The PPR has been successful in providing affordable housing units to low-income families and has helped to reduce homelessness in urban areas.
  2. My First Home Scheme (Skim Rumah Pertamaku): This program was launched in 2011 to help first-time homebuyers, particularly young people, to purchase their first home. The scheme provides up to 100% financing for homes priced up to RM500,000, and has helped to increase homeownership rates among young people in Malaysia.
  3. 1Malaysia Housing Programme (PR1MA): This program was established in 2012 to provide affordable housing to middle-income families. The PR1MA program offers homes priced between RM100,000 to RM400,000 and has helped to reduce the housing affordability gap in Malaysia.
  4. Rent-to-Own (RTO) Scheme: This program was introduced in 2018 to provide a more accessible homeownership option for low-income families who cannot afford the down payment required to purchase a home. The RTO scheme allows families to rent a home for a certain period, with the option to purchase the home at the end of the rental period.
  5. Rumah Mampu Milik Johor (RMMJ): This program was launched in Johor in 2014 to provide affordable housing to low- and middle-income families. The RMMJ program offers homes priced between RM42,000 to RM250,000, and has been successful in increasing homeownership rates among low- and middle-income families in Johor.
These housing policy programs have helped to address the issue of affordable housing in Malaysia and have significantly increased the availability of housing for citizens, including young people starting families.
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Most of the available literature related to vibration of nanobeam with elastic support boundary condition, author use Differential Transform Method (DTM) to solve the governing differential equation. Is there any other method which helps to handle Elastic support boundary condition???
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Yes, of course; there are other methods to solve vibration of nanobeam with elastic support boundary condition. like finie element method, state space appraoch, DQM and many orther methods
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I'm writing a piece on the transition of Iran's government from traditional to digital for the upcoming HICSS conference. I'm targeting the Digital Government track. The deadline is 15 June. I have already collected interesting data through interviews and official documents and developed a raw theoretical foundation.
I'm now looking for a co-author to collaborate with and get the paper done by the deadline. Message me if you are interested. Thanks.
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Hello - I am happy to work with you as as co-author or an editor if you like. I have been working in the area of editing and co-authoring for more than 20 years. I am familiar with the topic you are discussing. You are welcome to message me if you would like to talk more about your work.
I look forward to hearing from you.
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I think the best way to stop the collapse of this bank is to ban a run on the bank and not allow all depositors to withdraw money at the same time. In my theory, "forbid all depositors from withdrawing money at the same time" is a program, and economic activity is a procedure, and the government, as the brain of the country, has the right to establish such a procedure. Of course, what if someone is in urgent need of money? This can be reviewed, by the relevant person to check if he really need the money, this practice is also a program.
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The fact that you need to or you are forced to take some regulatory action (including measures described in your question), doesn’t mean you these actions and beneficious to the stability of financial system. To the contrary, the history of bunk runs teaches us many in many instances that with regulatory action it could be already to late to take any trust building actions. To block anyone’s deposited funds ‘because he/she doesn’t need it right now’ will be perceived very badly by any standard. If you want to analyse bunk runs, you always should look for root causes, se e. g. this chart: https://static.seekingalpha.com/uploads/2023/3/10/54854261-167846667332821.png Best luck with your research.
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The Quantum Computing can is not that far down the road.
Should companies operate without much oversight with a different goal setting than society?
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Excellent list of papers, Rafael. Thank you very much for sharing.
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Could you please discuss and send references that countries with successful examples and failure of dividing health authority into subnational governments (Provinces and Local level) after federalism?
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I am currently working on a paper that looks at successes and oppourtunities of the devolved health functions from centralized into a decentralized authority. The paper is a case study from Kenya. Notably this is 2nd time that the national government has devolved health to sub-national authorities.
Notable successes
=========================================
(1) Over 75% of Kenya health problems are preventable diseases. Thus, this could be dealt with at dispensary and health center settings with current resource settings.
(2) Context plays a critical role in the manner healthcare is provided due to cultural diversity in Kenya.
Challenges
==========================================
(3) Most functions have been decentralized but not DECISION MAKING processes to the dispensaries, health centers and referral hospitals.
(4) Healthcare service delivery is driven by the political parties and their party mandates supersedes other health priorities.
(5) No incentives to use and re-use hospital generated data and other forms of evidence to guide decision making process
(6) The strong private sector healthcare providers interferes with noble government ideas under the cover of free market forces and choice of the customers is paramount.
(7) Health care financing particularly collection and use of revenues such as user-fees and facility-improvement-funds (FIF) as determined and allocated against competing health and non-health related priorities e.g. paying sub-national work force and parliamentary activities.
Conclusion:
From the foregoing, the devolved healthcare systems can work iff the leadership can take calculated risks especially concerning decision making, finances and supply chain management.
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1. Talking about classifying our knowledges when modeling, determining equations, etc…
As we might not all know, Philosophy governs Physics and other Empirical Sciences in its sphere of competencies, why we have the letters PhD. For example, one of the functions of Epistemology is to classify our knowledges. At first sight, it is hard to believe that it is going to help a scientist for a person that is not doing scientific works everyday.
Scientists, just like a mechanics, needs to use the proper tool(s) for the proper job(s). So, just because of that, it is important to classify the elementary constituents. A more grounded example, it is dangerous to search the unknown with a Principle of Physics that refers to something that is not part of the Periodic Table of Elements (example: Joules). So, one has to either remember the level of trust of all of its work or classify its knowledges systematically. The latter is recommended, just for the reason that it can be used by others later. There are many other advantages!
THE PURPOSE OF THIS POST IS TO ALLOW SCIENTISTS TO DISCUSS ABOUT EPISTEMOLOGY, FOR THOSE WHO ARE INTERESTED BY THE SUBJECT.
THIS EXAMPLE DOES NOT COVER ALL TYPE OF MEASUREMENTS AND MODELINGS, JUST THE ONE IN RELATION TO THE PERIODIC TABLE.
2. The safest description of Nature that exists (Periodic Table of Elements, Figure #1)
In my case, I use the Periodic Table of Elements as the “safest” description of Nature that we have as of today. We can see a sample in Figure #1.
Naturally, I know that we have progressed a lot with the Standard Model of Particle Physics but for the example of classifying the knowledges, the Periodic Table of Elements is more than enough. The periodic table of Elements refers to the Atomic Model, where the protons, neutrons and Electrons define the Element in question. All the basic properties are listed and we can also have the radii of proton, neutron and electron. Visually, it gives something like this for the Isotope 16 of Oxygen, as per figure #2.
See figure #2 attached to this post.
3. Why do we need to attach ourselves to a representation of Nature
One of the reasons why we need to attach ourselves to a representation of Nature is:
- The Periodic Table of Elements determines what we can measure and what we cannot measure. No, we can not measure Tesla, it is calculated from Volts and Amps!!! When drawing conclusions, one has to remember that.
So, according to the Periodic Table of Elements, we can only measure macroscopically:
1. Volts
2. Amps
Why? Because we are composed of point charged particles in the name of protons, neutrons and electrons. There is no magnetic charge. The only magnetic effect that is created is due to the spin of electrons (which is movement of electrical charge). So, according to the Periodic Table of Elements, only charges and movement of charges can be detected by most measuring instruments. For example, one can not measure Joule with any human instrument(s) that exists. If an instrument gives you a reding in J, it is because it makes a calculation, as Nature is made with point charged particles, dot. My Academy arrived to very interesting results concerning magnetism and electrical charges. All this has been possible by working in a structured manner.
In the same manner, if an instrument gives you measurement in Teslas, it is not directly measured. It is a calculation. Without falling into this other subject, it is one of the “problems” with Maxwell’s Equations. He uses calculations to prove other calculations. I have made a work on the subject that I intend to publish. It clarifies a lot of incorrect understandings of these equations.
In my Academy, I have completed the Periodic Table of Elements and made another model that uses only 1 Fundamental Interaction. I expect to release this model somewhere in the near future. It was at the foundation of one of my scientific projects that has been misunderstood in 2013.
4. What are the consequences of “a nature made with point charged particles” on modeling and classifying our knowledges?
If one can only measure volts and amps, then all the measurement that are not volts and amps are calculations and might refer to something that does not exist in Nature. It will be extremely important to remember this when classifying our knowledges. Indeed, anything that is not in amps or volts is not provable, even if we always get the right results when we do the experiments. Why? We can only measure Volts and Amps, or if you prefer, point charged particles or combinations of point charged particles. At atomic and sub-atomic levels, we have to make little adjustments. I will not cover it in this text (it is already a bit long).
The case of time. When looking at figure #2, the scientist will notice that we only exist at point defined by protons, neutrons and electrons. Hence, it is impossible to determine the atomic distances without DETERMINING C. In my Academy, we all think that C has been determined since it cannot be measured. Time is a problem in Physics for us. It comes due to Human Intuitions. We still have not fixed this problem. It is the same problems, no matter which element we take. This will evidently be the same problems no matter which molecule we take. Indeed, since we can not identify a photon with 100% certainty, it is technically impossible to determine time accurately other than if C is a determined value.
5. The elementary constituents that I defined according to the Periodic Table of Elements & References (Poincaré, 1905) (Sagault, 2009)
1. Measurements or Facts.
2. Principles of Physics are only 100% true in known Physics. Outside of known Physics, it might also be true but we can not be sure. Indeed, a Principle of Physics can not be proven since it refers to something that does not exist in Nature. This would be the case for Elementary Constituents related to Energy, since Energy is not a measured value but a calculated value. What is the nuance Dr Painchaud? The result of a Principle of Physics is not described by the Periodic Table of Elements so it does not exist in Nature. Time is another good example. Hence, even if it is highly logical, it can not be proven.
3. Laws of Physics are always true, dot. If one day a Law of Physics becomes untrue, then it means that the Periodic Table of Elements is not entirely true. Hence, Laws of physics will refer to any generalization (usually, an equation) that can be measured in volts and amps. Any generalization that can not be measured in volts and amps will then become a Principle of Physics because one can only obtain by converting amps into something that is not described by the Periodic Table of Elements.
4. Models of Physics, like the Periodic Table of Elements (Atomic Model) or the Standard Model of Particle Physics. A model of Physics can use Law(s) of Physics, Principle(s) of Physics or fact(s). Its level of trust will generally be attributed in function of the lowest elementary constituents used in the Model. At the end of the day, if the result(s) forecasted by the Model are described by the Periodic Table of Elements, then the level of trust can be equal to the Level of a Law of Physics, as it can be measured in volts or amps. It needs to be analyzed and determined with rigorous method(s). This depends on the leader of the Academy in question.
5. Theories of Physics, that are more for research than for application when it is released.
A good example would be the very well-known Theories of Professor Albert Einstein from Princeton.
6. The name given to a fundamental knowledge of an Empirical Science is:
- Elementary Constituent.
Based on the above reasoning, my Academy has defined the following ranking for elementary constituents:
1. Facts: Any observation(s) that we make within the frame of an empirical science of nature.
2. Principles: Like the Principle of Thermodynamics.
3. Laws: Like any of the Laws of Physics.
4. Models: Atomic Models (Periodic Table of Elements) or the Standard Model of Particle Physics.
5. Theories: Like Einstein Theories of Relativity.
7. A little bit of extra work to better describe the importance of the ranking of elementary constituents
In the very well-known and respected Special Theory of Relativity, Professor Einstein postulated that:
1. Laws of Physics are the same in all Inertial Frames of Reference.
2. The speed of light has a constant value of C
The first postulate might look evident but one can not subordinate Laws of Physics to a “logical sentence”. Laws of Physics are always true, dot. The way each scientist applies the Laws is another story. In my opinion, it is a structural mistake. But, since Professor Einstein is well-known for being among the cleverest humans, I forecasted a little margin of errors in my reasoning.
The superb work of Special Relativity felt in the “Theories of Physics”, as it was more intended for SR&ED at the time of releases than for practical day to day purposes.
8. A practical example to remember
I saw some scientists that are searching the unknown with Principles of Physics, like conservation of Energy (first Principle of Thermodynamics). There is no problem to do that BUT one should remember that a Principle of Physics is NOT PROVABLE. Searching the unknown based on Conservation of Energy is dangerous and exposes the scientist to wrong conclusions or wrong interpretations of results. Again, Joule is a unit that is not measured, it is calculated. Why Conservation of Energy is always true in known-Physics only. It does not mean that it is not true in unknown-Physics but one has to remember that it might induce the scientists in error if it is not true for a particular case.
9. Finally
I saw some scientists and engineers that are measuring Magnetic Fields. I know they know but these values are calculated values. Per the Periodic Table of Elements, we can only measure volts and amps.
The French Academy are much better structured than other Academies, in my modest opinion. The Ecole Normale and other Universities across France are doing a very well, per what I have read on this subject.
10. Bibliography, preliminary. If there is a lot of interests, I will add more good references on the subject.
Poincaré, H. (1905). Science and Hypothesis. New York: The Walter Scott Publishing Co., Ltd.
Sagault, P. (2009). Introduction à la pensée scientifique moderne. Paris: Université Pierre et Marie Curie.
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Suite à mon dernier post, j'ajoute ce document en attaché que j'ai retrouvé. Je pense qu'il n'y a pas meilleure description des avancées scientifiques de Lucien Romani que par lui-même dans cet interview de 1983 avec Christine Hardy.
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The protection of civil liberties and human rights is increasingly important in our ever-changing and interconnected world. A government's duty is to protect the rights of all its citizens and to ensure that, regardless of race, gender, or any other marginalized group, everyone is able to access the same opportunities and protection of their rights. It has become increasingly clear that governments must take active steps to ensure that civil liberties and human rights are respected and protected, as any violation of these rights can have significant implications for a society's overall well-being and safety.
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It begins with the government itself believing in human rights and guaranteeing intellectual, scientific, religious and ideological freedom, then it begins with local legal legislation while monitoring the work of its executive bodies.
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In her essay, Paula Sabloff asserts that:
First and foremost, a democratic government protects people’s human rights as laid out in the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). Among these are the right to life, to freedom from degrading punishment or enslavement, and to follow one’s own beliefs. They also include the right to citizenship and, most relevant to dignity, the right to self-determination.
If you were asked to complete the sentence: A democratic government must ...
What would you come up with? What would be your answer or list of minimum requirements?
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A democratic government must be aware of the importance of the individual in managing the state, respect his civil, intellectual and human rights, and draw future plans to ensure the existence of generations that respect the opinion of the other and reconcile with him.
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The quality of education and access to lifelong learning are increasingly important topics in a world that is rapidly changing. As technology advances, jobs and skill-sets evolve, making it essential for individuals to have access to quality education and the ability to continually learn new skills in order to stay competitive in the job market and achieve success. Governments play an important role in promoting and providing access to educational opportunities that allow individuals to gain the skills they need to succeed.
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A commitment to a global, all inclusive education must be the high goal. Creating and maintaining a culture for long term growth and learning must be instituted for all to learn. Training with an understanding and commitment to value teachers is key.
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Do government-owned firms tend to pursue international operations, or prefer to focus on the domestic market?
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The short answer is that the behavior of state-owned firms depends more than that of non-state-owned firms on the priorities of the government, as they would of any firm owner. The following paper, co-authored by scholars in management and finance, provides an excellent and recent review of the arguments: Cuervo-Cazurra, A., Grosman, A., & Megginson, W. L. (2023). A review of the internationalization of state-owned firms and sovereign wealth funds: Governments’ nonbusiness objectives and discreet power. Journal of International Business Studies, 54(1), 78-106. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41267-022-00522-w
Best wishes with your research!
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Which one is more important?
#Governance is to govern a system.
#E_Governance is to govern a system with the help of the internet.
and
#Responsive_governance is responding efficiently and effectively to meet people's real needs.
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while all three aspects of governance are important, responsive governance should be the top priority. Good governance is also essential for ensuring stability and prosperity, and e-governance can be a valuable tool for enhancing responsiveness and accountability.
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Analyze how internal and external environmental factors can influence government institutions to perform their functions effectively and efficiently to address service delivery challenges in the public sector.
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Effective and efficient service delivery by government institutions is crucial for the well-being and development of society. However, internal and external environmental factors can significantly influence the ability of government institutions to perform their functions effectively and efficiently. In this answer, we will discuss the impact of internal and external environmental factors on government institutions' ability to address service delivery challenges in the public sector.
Internal Environmental Factors:
  1. Organizational Culture: Organizational culture plays a crucial role in determining the performance of government institutions. A positive organizational culture fosters teamwork, innovation, and a sense of ownership, which results in better service delivery. However, a negative organizational culture can lead to low morale, lack of motivation, and poor performance.
  2. Leadership: Effective leadership is critical for government institutions to perform their functions efficiently. A leader who has a clear vision, strong decision-making skills, and effective communication skills can inspire employees to work towards achieving their goals. However, weak leadership can lead to a lack of direction, confusion, and low morale among employees.
  3. Resource Availability: Adequate resources are essential for government institutions to deliver services effectively. Resources include funding, personnel, equipment, and technology. A lack of resources can lead to delays in service delivery, poor-quality services, and employee burnout.
External Environmental Factors:
  1. Economic Conditions: Economic conditions can significantly influence government institutions' ability to deliver services effectively. During a recession, governments may have to cut funding, which can lead to staff reductions, reduced service levels, and delays in service delivery.
  2. Political Environment: The political environment can also affect government institutions' ability to deliver services effectively. Changes in government policies or leadership can lead to a shift in priorities, which can impact service delivery. Additionally, political instability can lead to uncertainty, which can make it challenging to plan and execute service delivery strategies effectively.
  3. Technological Advancements: Technological advancements can both positively and negatively affect government institutions' ability to deliver services effectively. New technologies can improve service delivery and efficiency, but they can also require significant investments in infrastructure and personnel training.
In conclusion, both internal and external environmental factors can significantly influence government institutions' ability to deliver services effectively. Therefore, it is essential for government institutions to monitor and address these factors proactively to ensure that they can provide high-quality services to the public.
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Does analytics based on sentiment analysis of changes in Internet user opinion using Big Data Analytics help detect fakenews spread as part of the deliberate spread of disinformation on social media?
The spread of disinformation on social media used by setting up fake profiles and spreading fakenews on these media is becoming increasingly dangerous in terms of the security of not only specific companies and institutions but also the state. The various social media, including those dominating this segment of new online media, however, differ considerably in this respect. The problem is more acute in the case of those social media which are among the most popular and on which mainly young people function, whose world view can be more easily influenced by factual information and other disinformation techniques used on the Internet. Currently, among children and young people, the most popular social media include Tik Tok, Instagram and YouTube. Consequently, in recent months, the development of some social media sites such as Tik Tok is already being restricted by the governments of some countries by banning the use, installation of this application of this portal on smartphones, laptops and other devices used for official purposes by employees of public institutions. These actions are argued by the governments of these countries in order to maintain a certain level of cyber security and reduce the risk of surveillance, theft of data and sensitive, strategic and particularly security-sensitive information of individual institutions, companies and the state. In addition, there have already been more than a few cases of data leaks on other social media portals, telecoms, public institutions, local authorities and others based on hacking into the databases of specific institutions and companies. In Poland, however, the opposite is true. Not only does the organised political group PIS not restrict the use of Tik Tok by employees of public institutions, but it also motivates the use of this portal by politicians of the ruling PIS option to publish videos as part of the ongoing electoral campaign, which would increase the chances of winning parliamentary elections for the third time in autumn this year 2023. According to analysts researching the problem of growing disinformation on the Internet, in highly developed countries it is enough to create 100 000 avatars, i.e. non-existent fictitious persons, created as it were and seemingly functioning thanks to the Internet by creating profiles of these fictitious persons on social media portals referred to as fake profiles created and functioning on these portals, to seriously influence the world view, the general social awareness of Internet users, i.e. usually the majority of citizens in the country. On the other hand, in third world countries, in countries with undemocratic systems of power, all that is needed for this purpose is about 1,000 avatars of these fictitious people with stories modelled, for example, on famous people such as, in Poland, a well-known singer claiming that there is no pandemic and that vaccines are an instrument for increasing control of citizens by the state. The analysis of changes in the world view of Internet users, changes in trends concerning social opinion on specific issues, evaluations of specific product and service offers, brand recognition of companies and institutions can be conducted on the basis of sentiment analysis of changes in the opinion of Internet users using Big Data Analytics. Consequently, this type of analytics can be applied and of great help in detecting factual news disseminated as part of the deliberate spread of disinformation on social media.
In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:
Does analytics based on sentiment analysis of changes in the opinions of Internet users using Big Data Analytics help in detecting fakenews spread as part of the deliberate spread of disinformation on social media?
What is your opinion on this topic?
What is your opinion on this subject?
Please respond,
I invite you all to discuss,
Thank you very much,
Warm regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
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Yes, sentiment analysis based on Big Data Analytics can help in detecting fake news spread as part of the deliberate spread of disinformation on social media. Sentiment analysis involves the use of natural language processing and machine learning techniques to analyze large amounts of textual data, such as social media posts, to identify the sentiment expressed in the text. By analyzing changes in the sentiment of Internet users towards a particular topic or event, it is possible to identify patterns of misinformation and disinformation.
For example, if there is a sudden surge in negative sentiment towards a particular politician or political party, it could be an indication of a disinformation campaign aimed at spreading negative propaganda. Similarly, if there is a sudden increase in positive sentiment towards a particular product or service, it could be an indication of a paid promotion or marketing campaign.
However, it is important to note that sentiment analysis alone may not be enough to detect fake news and disinformation. It is also important to consider other factors such as the source of the information, the credibility of the information, and the context in which the information is being shared. Therefore, a comprehensive approach involving multiple techniques and tools may be necessary to effectively detect and combat fake news and disinformation on social media.
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Analyze how internal and external environmental factors can influence government institutions to perform their functions effectively and efficiently to address service delivery challenges in the public sector.
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Internal environmental factors:
  1. Leadership: Effective leadership is essential for government institutions to perform their functions effectively. A strong and visionary leader can inspire and motivate employees to work towards the common goal of providing quality services to citizens.
  2. Organizational culture: The culture of the organization can affect how employees behave and perform their duties. A positive and supportive culture can lead to higher employee morale and better performance.
  3. Human resources: The quality of employees and their skills can affect the effectiveness and efficiency of government institutions. The recruitment and retention of talented individuals is crucial for the success of government institutions.
  4. Financial resources: Adequate funding is essential for government institutions to perform their functions effectively. Without sufficient resources, government institutions may struggle to provide quality services to citizens.
External environmental factors:
  1. Political environment: The political climate can influence the priorities of government institutions and the resources allocated to them. Changes in political leadership or policies can affect the operations of government institutions.
  2. Economic environment: Economic conditions can affect the availability of resources and the demand for services. In times of economic downturn, government institutions may face budget cuts and increased pressure to provide services with limited resources.
  3. Technological environment: Advances in technology can affect the operations and service delivery of government institutions. For instance, the implementation of digital platforms can enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of government institutions.
  4. Societal environment: Social and cultural factors can affect the demand for services and the expectations of citizens. Government institutions need to be responsive to the needs and expectations of citizens to perform their functions effectively.
In conclusion, internal and external environmental factors can significantly influence government institutions' ability to perform their functions effectively and efficiently. By addressing these factors, government institutions can overcome service delivery challenges and provide quality services to citizens.
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I received an email this morning from an address ending in "@sciencepostnetwork.com". They ask me to provide links to my publications so they can create news stories that can be published in many digital media. Here is an excerpt from the email:
"As Google news receives millions of hits each day from a broader audience including professionals and students, only a few exceptional researchers are selected and invited to submit their work, and you are invited! We are a specialist agency "Scientific Media" working within the research community to produce high-value, impactful communications content for researchers. This content is made available to a broad global audience and distributed to over 500+ premium news sites including Google News, Google News, WND, Bing News, Ask, CBS, CNN, Bloomberg & More, which also include key research community actors, research peers, government figures, funding agencies, policy makers, NGOs, charities, schools and libraries, investors and commercial entities, and many more"
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They look like a scam. That's why I didn't do anything with them.
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The effectiveness and transparency of public institutions is of paramount importance, as these organizations are responsible for providing key services to citizens, such as healthcare, education, and infrastructure. Furthermore, public institutions are often funded by taxpayers, meaning it is essential that they are held to a high standard of accountability. As such, governments must take steps to ensure that public institutions are both effective and transparent in order to promote good governance and trust in the state.
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Citizen proximity is a good working concept; ICT can help to facilitate this process to bing citizens and institutions closer together. All this depends on the democracy level of the political entity, functioning open markets included here.
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Access to healthcare is of paramount importance to public health and well-being. Governments have a responsibility to ensure that their citizens have access to quality healthcare in order to maintain a thriving society. Robust public health systems are essential for providing equitable, affordable, and effective healthcare for all. Quality healthcare services must be available to all segments of the population, regardless of income, race, or geography.
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It is important to uplift the professional status of general practitioners and family doctors into an effective nation-wide network; on this foundation, small outpatients‘ clinics can also be organized.
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Psychological impact of earthquake-related stress can sometimes be detrimental. Suicidal tendency, depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress (PTSD) are some of the effects resulting from earthquake-related stress. How can governments and individuals help deal with earthquake related stress?
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Health care workers, whether professional, para-professional or lay persons, are typically trained in various group and individual methods of managing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Community psychology studies show that genuinely caring neighbors can be as effective in managing and healing PTSD, assisting survivors to work through their trauma in less stressful contexts, while providing physical resources such as shelter, food, water. Trauma counselling essentially facilitates traumatized persons re-experiencing their traumas at the same level as the original emotional intensity, noting and reinforcing health anchors, and re-integrating feelings and cognitions, in resiliently adaptive ways.
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In Cambodia, the existence of private education was first to help the government to respond to the need of the people and children for education when Cambodia gained peace from the civil war in the 1980s. Since then, private education has been growing and growing. It looks like that the government has not been able to respond to the need without depending on the private yet.
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Thank you so much, Dr. Shanshikant, for your meaningful comments. The conclusion is really a good hint for me. I love your comment on the government's responsibility to ensure basic education for all, without depending on the private. That is what many developed countries have been able to do. One side of private education is service like you said. However, the underlying motive, which is the main priority of the private, should be predictable.
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The relationship between local government and local higher education, e.g., management style, policy requirements, etc.
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  • Currently there is a dominant ideology of commercialisation of knowledge and teaching.
  • Higher education is not leading to graduates entering the work sector as the education is not in sync with the needs of the companies.
  • Regulatory bodies with licensing powers hurt the autonomy of professional higher education, leading to serious imbalance in the diarchy they were under, and partitioning general from professional higher education in several crucial areas of knowledge.
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Royals are now in the past. So we should establish the ultimate democratic system for modern societies in which all decisions are made by all people, not by elected individual leaders, as in the current political systems, who may take advantage of their privileged positions with the rights and powers given to them.
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Dear friend, the political term comes from the Greek from the Greek root "poli" which means state or city, police vigilante of the state, politician is one who works for society. From this point of view we are all politicians. In another order of things, the current rulers are being chosen for their economic capital and not for their capacity, something that has deteriorated democracy. This is part of the corruption of these times.
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Proponents of gun pocession by citizens claim that it is a neceseccity otherwise it distorts the strong atomism they support, the one that such pocession is a right with political implications (defend from corrupted government).
A majority of these proponents have controversial claims about other civil issues such as IDs necessity, for example.
They might believe that IDs are bad because they make you a number, register your life's dealts etc.
But it has functional roles. How can you be identified as the claimant to a bank if the banker is not a close acquitance?
2 strong arguments agaist popular non hunting gun pocession
People that are proponents of free guns for self Defence right and Defence from corrupted government seizing their state fail to ask important questions. What is the role of police? With regards to corrupted governs there is press power, anti corruption ngo's, institutions to monitor. How can one miss such a big corruption for long enough? One who still holds these arguments in low regard is either is not literate enough of moderncivil political orgamization or undermines its status and wellness of aims to the anarchic level..
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As an archaeologist, I can not see any period, or group, without weapons to either shoot at prey to eventually eat, or other hunters that do not stay on their own "turff". Naturally, I can be blind - but look back in time, and see you you find. The problem with our modern weapons is that they work to well.
Lou
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Why does raising interest rates by central banks have more of a slowing effect on the growth of the economy and a limited anti-inflationary effect?
Have central banks started a race to raise interest rates? The attempt to fight inflation results in a slowdown in economic growth and a depreciation of the national currency. During the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus pandemic, some central banks raced to add money and inject as much added money as possible into the economy treated as anti-decessionary, anti-recessionary money for a situation of exceptional economic crisis caused indirectly by the pandemic and more directly by interventionist type measures. The crash in the financial, capital, stock and commodity markets that occurred in March 2020 and triggered a deep recession in many countries was, among other things, the result of a new crisis factor, a new concept, a new term rapidly disseminated by the media and formally established by the World Health Organisation. This new factor was the establishment of the pandemic condition as a new economic crisis factor, which generated a high level of uncertainty. As a consequence of the interventionist measures applied on a record high scale, large amounts of printed money were pumped into the economies of many countries in 2020. In this way, the economies of many countries were thrown out of relative equilibrium and put on a path of rising inflation, which occurred in 2021 and was exacerbated in 2022 by the energy crisis initiated by the war in Ukraine. For smaller economies and less economically developed economies, raising interest rates will lead to deep economic crises. In 2022, on the other hand, many central banks are successively raising interest rates, commercial banks are so far over-liquid, on the other hand credit is becoming more difficult to access, companies are holding back on new investments, wage growth is slowing, rising unemployment is imminent and possibly stagflation in 2023. This puts the economies even more out of balance, as it will be an economic crisis of 2023 that lasts much longer than the Covidian one of 2020 and is more difficult to control with government interventionist measures, as these measures are exhausting themselves in their existing formulas. Is the so-called anti-crisis economic interventionism from the covid trap now falling into the trap of rising interest rates raised by central banks? To date, interventionist measures by central banks have been treated as the 'last resort' of anti-crisis measures. Perhaps indirectly, this issue has also been highlighted by the Nobel Committee, which awarded the 2022 Nobel Prize in Economics precisely for achievements in research on the genesis of emerging banking crises and their resolution by strengthening systemic security solutions for the banking system. But this time, do the hitherto anti-inflationary measures of central banking cease to work when other factors of economic policy, including the mild fiscal policy that activates economic processes, are activated and carried out by the government as part of the so-called policy mix? Should the central bank raise interest rates faster? When applied in parallel with a tightening monetary policy, does an easing fiscal policy result in a limited anti-inflationary effect of raising interest rates by the central bank? Or are commercial banks showing excess liquidity too slow in raising deposit and deposit rates despite the fact that they are raising lending rates? Or are there other reasons for this situation?
In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of researchers and academics:
Why does raising interest rates by central banks have more of a slowing effect on the growth of the economy and a limited anti-inflationary effect?
What do you think about this topic?
What is your opinion on this subject?
Please respond,
I invite you all to discuss,
Thank you very much,
Warm regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
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Possibly, the reasons for inflation ought to be considered. And if demand side reasons are up to different opinions about the causality with the key rate, the supply side reasons are less disputed to be outside interest rate influence. Yet, in some countries with supply side shocks to blame for the inflation, central banks chose to hike the interest rates depressing already depressed economic agents. These decision makers refer to textbook reasoning and monetary views, believing strongly on own indisputable correctness and supported probably by IFIs.
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If, due to the current energy crisis, the local government lifts anti-smog restrictions, reauthorizes the burning of brown coal and waste in stoves, and thereby contributes to the deterioration of air quality, are they acting anti-socially towards the residents of the municipality?
In the context of the ignorance realized in recent years towards the beginning of the climate crisis, towards the progressive process of global warming, the negligence committed in previous years in the development of renewable energy sources and the energy crisis that is currently developing, in the country where I operate the local government is lifting anti-smog restrictions and worsening air quality is it acting anti-socially towards the residents of the municipality. These actions are in complete contradiction with the issue of achieving the goals of sustainable development, with the strategy of a pro-environmental and pro-climate economy, with the principles of green transformation of the economy, with the principles of social responsibility of the activities of public institutions, with the ethics of the standards of a public institution acting for the benefit of citizens and residents of the municipality, with the implementation of pro-social functions of public institutions, etc. In such a situation, in which local governments acting in concert with the central authorities of the state ignore the pro-social goals and principles for which they were established and for which they function, they knowingly contribute to the deterioration of the local climate and environment, deterioration of air quality and deterioration of health. In such a situation, are the next local elections and the possibility of changing the authorities only during these elections a sufficient instrument for expressing one's opinion, one's dissatisfaction with the municipal, socio-economic, environmental, climate, cultural, etc. policies pursued by local authorities? Can the activities of non-governmental organizations, associations and other organizations established from the bottom up by citizens, through which citizens point out the shortcomings and errors committed by local authorities in the framework of the municipal, socio-economic, environmental, climate, cultural policies carried out, be of great help in this regard? A particularly important problem that fosters the development of this kind of anti-social activity of local municipal authorities is, among other things, political connections with the central authorities, which implement analogous socio-economic policies with ignoring climate issues, environmental issues, sustainable development, the need to efficiently and urgently carry out a green transformation of the economy. A fundamental issue in the context of the above-described problem may be the question of political independence of local self-government authorities vis-à-vis the apparatus of the central government of the state in order to maintain high standards of care for the local community, real opportunities for pro-social activities, listening to the needs of the local community of municipal residents and the implementation of pro-social functions by local self-government authorities.
In the context of the issues outlined above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of researchers and scientists:
If, due to the current energy crisis, local authorities lift anti-smog restrictions, once again allow the burning of brown coal and waste in stoves, and thus contribute to the deterioration of air quality, are they acting anti-socially towards the residents of the municipality?
What is your opinion on this topic?
Please answer,
I invite everyone to join the discussion,
Thank you very much,
Warm regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
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In my view a local government or authority are elected, appointed or established for various purposes and hold various responsibilities. The term anti-social to describe an action of relaxing or removing restrictions on air quality doesn’t sit well with me to describe this. Someone smoking a cigarette amongst a group of non-smokers may be considered anti-social but the owner of a licensed establishment who has decided to remove no smoking condition for the patrons is not exactly being anti-social.
The question should really be whether the government is being negligent in its decision to lift restrictions, which were likely established to create a healthier environment.
When considering the focus of this issue relates to an energy crisis perhaps attention should be shifted towards finding alternative solutions than to simply consider reverting to options which possess obvious risks.
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I want to see the impact of a certain economy's govt policy on FDI inflows or to attract FDI inflows. I am a bit confused about variables that can be used as a proxy of government policy.
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Uncertainty, Expectation, and speculation can be used as proxies for government policy.
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Is government revenue increase research and development activities? If yes then we must say that the there is a positive and significant relation between government tax revenue and economic growth. Need your understandings and suggestions.
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Government tax revenue finances all government spending, regardless of their specific nature. Of course, this also includes spending on education as well as research and development. The pattern of spending affects economic growth, but so does the type and structure of taxes levied. Increased tax revenue can result from the built-in flexibility of the tax system alone, because income tax or consumption tax revenue increases as a result of rising income or consumption. However, it also increases if a new type of tax is introduced or the tax rates of existing taxes are increased. If education and research expenditure is increased with this additional tax revenue, this may lead to additional economic growth. However, possible negative effects of the increased tax burden on economic growth must then also be taken into account. Ultimately, the overall effect can only be roughly determined by an empirical analysis in the ex post view. See
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What are the new eco-innovations and green energy technologies that can be implemented by citizens in the upcoming heating season in homes and apartments to reduce heating and electricity supply costs?
In the context of the current energy crisis, there is a growing demand for the creation and industrial-scale implementation of new eco-innovations and green energy technologies that would help citizens and businesses survive the currently unfolding energy crisis. The current energy crisis is characterized by rapidly rising fuel and energy prices and the growing scale of energy shortages. Rising energy and fossil fuel prices are one of the key factors in the acceleration of inflation, which has already begun to rise almost as early as early 2021. In some countries, the government is offering subsidies for the purchase of more expensive fuels and energy. However, this creates another pro-inflationary factor. In view of the above, the creation and implementation of what kind of new eco-innovations and green energy technologies should be covered by interventionist government subsidy programs (purchase of certain types of power, energy sources, e.g. to install photovoltaic panels on the roof of the building, etc.) and subsidies (preparation of homes, buildings, businesses, e.g. insulation of building facades, etc.)?
In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of researchers and scientists:
What are the new eco-innovations and green energy technologies that can be implemented by citizens in the coming heating season in homes and apartments to reduce heating and electricity supply costs?
What are the new eco-innovations and green energy technologies for which government financial support programs should be launched so that all willing citizens can implement them in their homes and better prepare for the energy crisis?
Please answer,
I invite everyone to join the discussion,
Thank you very much,
Best wishes,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
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The following research article would provide some significant research outputs regarding the potential of organic wastes as green roof substrates to make them a mitigative measure against the Urban Heat Island Effects (UHIs):
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I want to know how to measure the degree of integration between different agencies or organizations, particularly government agencies. In terms of coordination, cooperation, communication and exchange of information.
I am currently doing research about evaluation of coordination system between government agencies which are related to infrastructure development, planning, design and implementation.
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John,
I think that's a great way to go! Be sure to review the work of folks who have commented on Malone's work and the works he references to be sure you understand his approach and its strengths and weaknesses in terms of your problem and experimental approach.
You've got this!
Very Respectfully,
Larry John
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Many governments have opted for a digital transformation for their services (e-government), to evaluate the quality of these e-services and the socioeconomic impact of such transformation, a formal procedure is needed. What are the scientifically sound methodologies to perform such impact evaluation
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There are two possibilities. The first focus is related with What is the real investment that the governments make for improve his KPIs about E-Goverment. On the other hand, the last focus is the people, for instance What is the real penetration internet for citizen home's? What is the real access to mobile data network?
Here are some links
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I have come to the conclusion that chieftaincy and Democracy have similar features. Both have three arms of Government ie Executive, Judiciary and legislative. Why do we have to adopt one to neglect the other, Can we enhance African chieftaincy to suit the African space?
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Can we enhance African chieftaincy to suit the African space? I guess you could say that. But there is a but. Firstly, will chieftaincy benefit the people?
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I have used in my current paper the pressure-based solver for air distribution inside the control room, I would like to ask which governing equation determines the velocity field and also the continuity and momentum equations for which purpose work in CFD calculation if there is an explanation
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You can find it in the Ansys theory guide. p-645
If you want a better book to learn the basics of the scheme used you can check the following link.
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To what degree should governments take an active role in economic development policy in poor countries? Contrast the “laissez-faire” view (exemplified by the Washington Consensus) with more interventionist or “activist” economic policy prescriptions (sometimes referred to as “industrial policy”).
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There are numerous books and papers written about this issue. Even the IMF and World Bank emphasise the role of governments in developing countries to engage in supporting industrialisation, reduction of poverty and inequality.
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In your opinion, what new provisions and declarations made at the UN Climate Summit COP27 in Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt, will prove fundamentally helpful for the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals, the development of international cooperation to solve global problems, in protecting the climate, biosphere and biodiversity of the planet?
Since Sunday 6.11.2022 in the Egyptian city of Sharm el-Sheikh for about 2 weeks, the United Nations Conference on Mainly Emerging Climate Change, i.e. the UN Climate Summit COP27, is underway, with lectures, debates and discussions on the question of what needs to be done to increase the scale of implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals, the development of international cooperation to solve global problems, to slow down the progressive process of global warming, to counteract the negative effects of this process, necessary to take decisions to protect the climate, biosphere and biodiversity of the planet. What needs to be done is obvious, as even the children of the Youth Climate Strike, which has finally been recognized by the UN and admitted to UN Climate Summits since COP27, know this. What needs to be done in terms of urgently and swiftly carrying out a green transformation of the energy sector to avoid or reduce the scale of the global climate catastrophe that may already occur at the end of this 21st century is already well known. Today we have a significantly different reality in terms of environmental and climate awareness in many different circles not only in the scientific community, but also in the media, parts of business, politics, etc. In the reality of the previous energy crisis, i.e. in the 1970s, emerging signals from the world of science informing and warning about the growing risks and threats to the future of the climate, the biosphere, biodiversity, future generations of people resulting from the progressive process of global warming were ignored and swept under the rug in the world of business and politics. As a result, at that time there was also a high scale of ignorance in the media world about the growing dangers of the greenhouse effect generated by increasing greenhouse gas emissions of civilization origin, mainly from the development of dirty combustion energy and ignoring the technological and financial possibilities of developing renewable and emission-free energy sources. Today, the level of pro-climate and pro-environmental awareness is much higher. On the other hand, half a century of time has already been lost, because so much earlier the processes of carrying out a pro-environmental and pro-climate transformation of the classic growth, brown, linear economy of excess to a sustainable, green, zero-carbon zero-growth and closed-loop economy could have been started Now we also know that the key issue is time, in fact, it is already very limited time to carry out a full green transformation of energy but also other pro-climate measures such as. stopping the process of forest deforestation, carrying out the transformation of the agricultural sector towards the development of sustainable organic farming, the development of hydrogen-fueled electromobility, etc. The lost time of the mid-century will not be made up, but there is an opportunity to save a significant part of the planet's biosphere and biodiversity, to slow down the progressive process of global warming, to reduce the scale, also for the next generations of people, of the negative effects of the global climate catastrophe, which, unfortunately, is already imminent, since already in the current 21st century may occur. Now we also know that much depends on the development of international cooperation, including economic and financial assistance from developed countries provided to the economically poorest countries to support the green economic transformation processes taking place in these countries and to mitigate the negative effects of climate change. At the previous UN Climate Summit COP26, a new and particularly important provision and declaration of many countries was the issue of stopping the deforestation of areas of natural forest ecosystems by the end of the current decade, i.e. by 2030. But we now know that waiting until 2030 to fulfill this kind of declaration is not a wise solution either, because in order for the strategic goal of green transformation to be achieved, the goal set during the 2015 Paris Agreement, i.e. limiting the increase in the average level of the atmosphere's temp. by max. 1.5 degrees C counting from the beginning of the first industrial revolution until the end of the 21st century, the mentioned green transformation of the economy globally would have to be achieved not by the end of 2050 but within the current decade. This means urgent and drastic paradigm shifts, new decisions made at the policy level, new green strategies and missions established by many companies, businesses, corporations, including especially those operating in the energy sector. An exceptionally large representation of companies, enterprises, corporations operating in the dirty combustion energy sector at the UN Climate Summit COP27 may prove to be a positive aspect. It will prove to be a positive aspect of this issue if indeed the era of ignorance is replaced by an era of real action to bring about the smooth implementation of a green, i.e. pro-climate, pro-environmental and thus pro-social transformation of the energy sector towards future generations of people. Green energy technologies are already available. For example, clean energy technologies generated from hydrogen power. A transitional solution may be the development of other renewable energy sources. The technology of clean energy generated from nuclear fusion needs to be refined and will also soon be achievable. Banks and other financial institutions are eager to finance the green transformation of the economy. The problem of global warming and its negative effects is a global problem. Therefore, it is necessary to increase international cooperation to increase the scale of support, synergy, simultaneity of the processes of pro-climate and pro-environmental transformation of the economy implemented in all countries. It is necessary to develop green financing of afforestation programs for civilizationally degraded areas and wastelands, since forests are an important factor in absorbing CO2 from the atmosphere. Countries characterized by a low level of economic development without external assistance alone are unable to efficiently and quickly make a green transformation of the economy, including, among other things. make the necessary changes in agriculture by changing the dominant crop production models so that this is done according to the model of sustainable organic agriculture production of crops as a source of food primarily for people, which is particularly important in the reality of increasingly frequent periods of drought and other negative effects of the progressive process of global warming, declining productivity in terms of the level of production of crops per hectare, the growing problem of hunger in the poorest countries and often already most burdened by the negative effects of climate change. We know what needs to be done, but we don't really know how to raise the issue of making the green transition a priority of global environmental and climate policy, and how to establish such a priority at the global level. The UN COP Climate Summits are trying to make this happen, but for the time being this is basically done only on the basis of non-committal declarations made by individual countries and, unfortunately, often not all countries, that something will be done about the green transformation of the economy over the next few years or a few decades. And unfortunately, time is short.
In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of researchers and scientists:
What, in your opinion, do you think the new provisions and declarations made at the UN Climate Summit COP27 in Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt, will prove fundamentally helpful for the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals, the development of international cooperation to solve global problems, in the protection of the climate, biosphere and biodiversity of the planet?
What is your opinion on this topic?
Please answer,
I invite everyone to join the discussion,
Thank you very much,
Best regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
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The urgency is calling. Action is must.
Anymore suffering and damages cannot be ignored.
Link below about Australia.
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Geophysicists and the Government of Italy, I propose to contact me urgently.
You all know that a geophysicist has no right to make a forecast for the public.
I now have only one L-wave sensor and it is installed in the house, there is no protection against technical noise, therefore I have no right to give any forecasts and I cannot give 100% certainty.
However, if you are expecting a high-loss earthquake, please contact me immediately. I am ready to receive your representatives in Haifa, conclude an agreement and show how the sensor is made, set up communication with seismic stations in Italy, and possibly in the Vrancea zone. This will allow you to get accurate forecasting ten hours before the start of an earthquake in your area. We see that after the earthquake, surface waves continue to fluctuate and we see a serious earthquake on the opposite side of the planet (Fiji). This is not a harbinger, but it indicates an increase in the planet's seismic activity.
Sincerely. Alexandr Yagodin.
WO2008053463 - SYSTEM OF THE PREDICTION OF THE EARTHQUAKE
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Financing and oversight of electoral campaigns in Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia.
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The election campaigns of candidates and political parties seek to gain the support of voters in the run-up to the elections. Candidates use a variety of techniques and means to reach voters, and communicate their messages and opinions to voters through the media. Access to the media may be clarified in electoral legislation to ensure that broadcasting times are allocated equitably to all parties and candidates. The release of public opinion poll results may also be controlled by law to avoid integrity problems and to ensure that voters receive information in the most balanced manner possible.
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Are the recent (mid-2022) increases in inflation that are already in double digits and have been rising for more than a year, among other things, the result of an unfolding price-wage spiral operating more in the commercial sectors of the economy or rather the result of an income-price spiral generated mainly by government social policy programmes?
Are the inflationary increases of mid-2022, among other things, the result of a developing price-wage spiral realised objectively in the commercial sectors of the economy or rather the result of an income-price spiral generated by subsidies, handouts, subsidies, etc. realised by interventionist government programmes of populist social policy and soft fiscal policy, carried out by public sector institutions of socio-economic policy programmes realised using the state's public finances?
If there are significant differences between countries on the above issue, what are these differences determined by? Are the sectoral/industrial structure of the economy and the extent of state interventionism applied by the government among the key determinants of the aforementioned differences?
What is your opinion on this topic?
Please reply,
I invite you all to discuss,
Thank you very much,
Best regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
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The factors that are causing the accelerated increase in prices in the world are: food, energy, gasoline, Just now, inflation is hybrid: cost push and inflation expectations.
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Hi
Due to media fragmentation, marketing and communication departments of large corporates (and government) are struggling to come up with a structural model that works. There's the option of using one ad agency for everything, or a panel of them for lots of things. Or to go in-house and use the gig economy, or to decentralise and let each department fend for themselves. Lots of options - but there is nothing definitive yet. Please let me know if there's any data on this.
Thanks
Sid
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I think it will be difficult to find data on it.
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We are currently trying to calculate the lattice thermal conductivity of several metals (Ni, Cu, Pd, Ag, Pt and Au) using the non-equilibrium Müller-Plathe method in LAMMPS. We are considering big supercells (20x20x20 unit cells, 70k+ atoms) for each elemental metal separately. The interactions between atoms are mediated by the well-known MEAM potential. The heat flux is tallied using the fix thermal/conductivity command, and temperature profiles are recorded using the compute chunk/atom and fix ave/chunk commands. Please find attached the typical input run for reference. We have successfully run this for other systems (molecular liquids governed by OPLS-AA), but for MEAM metals we found that the temperature profiles are basically erratic noise. While the lattice thermal conductivity of metals should low, we do not expect it to be completely negligible.
Is anyone aware of existing problems with the application of the Müller-Plathe method together with the MEAM potential? Is there particular requirements for such a case? We have played with the Nevery and Nswap parameters in the fix thermal/conductivity command with no success.
Thank you in advance for your attention.
*****
include "system.in.init"
read_data "system.data"
include "system.in.settings"
include "system.in.charges"
neigh_modify every 1 delay 0 check yes
variable t equal 0.001
variable T equal 298.0
variable P equal 1.013
variable s equal 5
variable c equal 10000
variable d equal $s*$c
variable kB equal 8.617333262E−5
minimize 1.0e-6 1.0e-8 1000 100000
reset_timestep 0
timestep $t
thermo_style custom step etotal temp press lx ly lz density
thermo 1000
fix 1 all nvt temp $T $T 10.0
run 500000
unfix 1
fix 2 all npt temp $T $T 10.0 iso $P $P 100.0
run 2000000
unfix 2
reset_timestep 0
thermo_style custom step etotal epair ke temp press
thermo 1000
fix 3 all nvt temp $T $T 10.0
run 10000000
unfix 3
reset_timestep 0
fix 4 all nve
fix 5 all thermal/conductivity 100 z 50
compute ke all ke/atom
variable temp atom c_ke/(1.5*${kB})
compute layers all chunk/atom bin/1d z lower 0.02 units reduced
fix MP all ave/chunk $s $c $d layers v_temp file temp.profile ave one
thermo_style custom step etotal epair ke temp press f_5
thermo 1000
run 10000000
unfix MP
unfix 5
unfix 4
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Dear Tanvir Ahmed,
Thanks for your answer. We are using 'units metal' in our simulations. You can infere that from the variables we have defined above. It is true that the Tdamp and Pdamp values should be accordingly modified. By using Tdamp = 10 in 'units metal' (i.e. 10 ps) it takes much longer for the system to equilibrate temperature than the same Tdamp value in 'units real' (i.e. 10 fs) (which we have verified). However, the Muller-Plathe thermal conductivity calculations are done in NVE, so once equilibrated that should not affect.
Happy to hear if you have any other alternatives.
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What state of a country's public finances makes it possible to carry out government-financed investment programs on the basis of money printing carried out through direct purchase of Treasury bonds by the national central bank?
I ask because this kind of financing of various government social and economic programs has prevailed since the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus pandemic in the country where I operate. On the other hand, the indebtedness of the country's public finance system has been growing successively for many years, both in absolute terms and in relative terms expressed in terms of the ratio of budget deficit and public debt to GDP (for several years now). The country's possibility of direct purchase by the national central bank, i.e. the National Bank of Poland, of Treasury-issued government bonds and rollover Treasury bonds during the global financial crisis of 2008. At that time, monetary policy also changed regarding Poland's possible adoption of the euro single currency. Since the adoption of the euro single currency would have entailed the loss of the National Bank of Poland's key functions as a national central bank, i.e. first and foremost the functions of the state bank and the issuing bank, which functions of national monetary policy would have migrated to the European Central Bank. If this were to happen then the government would lose the key instrument of anti-crisis measures it has been using on a historically large scale since the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) Coronavirus pandemic, which is the ability to add domestic money and introduce this additional money (without coverage in manufactured products and services) into the economy through the above-mentioned mechanism of direct purchase of Treasury bonds by the central bank, i.e. the National Bank of Poland. Most of this additional money is introduced into the economy extra-budgetarily (it is not included in the annual state budget) through government-controlled public institutions, i.e. Bank Gospodarstwa Krajowego and the Polish Development Fund. Special purpose funds are created in these institutions to finance specific government anti-crisis, pro-development, social and investment programs. When, at the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) Coronavirus pandemic, the government decided to use this anti-crisis mechanism then economists independent of the government signaled that the result would be a large increase in inflation which then occurred almost from the beginning of 2021. On the other hand, the state of the country's public finances is taken into account in the development situation at the supranational rating agencies and investment banks. Recently, the cost of servicing public debt began to rise strongly in Poland. At the end of October 2022, the yield on domestic Treasury bonds offered to foreign investors rose to as high as 8-9 percent.
This means raising the financial risks associated with the fiscal policy pursued in recent years and the growing indebtedness of the state finance system.
In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of researchers and scientists:
What is the state of the country's public finances that makes it possible to implement government-financed investment programs on the basis of money printing carried out through the direct purchase of treasury bonds by the national central bank?
What is your opinion on this issue?
Please answer,
I invite everyone to join the discussion,
Thank you very much,
Warm regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
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By monetizing debt, the government uses inflation to finance some of its spending. Money-printing—more technically known as monetization or “money-financed fiscal programs”—occurs when the government finances itself by issuing non-interest-bearing liabilities. Those liabilities could be currency or they could be reserves that banks hold at their central bank.
Central banks would purchase those bonds by crediting newly created reserves to the government’s account at the central bank. The government could then use the reserves, which would be a liability of the central bank, to pay for its fiscal programs. Alternatively, the central bank could simply create accounts for the public at the central bank with new money, an idea with growing support.
A country’s capacity for monetization is related to the amount of money (currency plus non-interest-bearing reserves) in its economy. When modeled, a program that costs about 1% of gross domestic product (GDP) that is fully monetized corresponds to about a 10 % increase in the price level. Monetization only works if there is a respected and responsible central bank ready to turn off the taps when inflation threatens to exceed its targets and a responsible government.
Monetization is a powerful and alternative tool that countries with strong, independent central banks can use to finance large rescue programs and pay down existing debt, which is normally done by borrowing (issuing debit) or raising taxes.
With respect to economic history, however, when countries have simply printed money it leads to periods of rising prices — there's too many resources chasing too few goods. Often, this means every day goods become unaffordable for ordinary citizens as the wages they earn quickly become worthless, i.e. printing money by increasing the money supply causes inflationary pressure.
In any case, an increase in economic activity commensurate with the amount of money that is created must follow monetization.
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THE FEDERAL RESERVE WILL NOT MONETIZE THE DEBT.
Ben Bernake
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If a government agency contracts for and establishes an administrative AI system that makes errors, should the government be liable in tort for those errors?
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Maxwell Gill It should be, BUT in the end, it depends on "the contract" between parties and its liability clauses.
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Did the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus pandemic potentially increase opportunities to accelerate processes of pro-climate and pro-environmental transformation of the economy, but unfortunately these opportunities were not taken advantage of?
During the 1st wave of the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus pandemic in March 2020, the stock markets crashed. Energy and industrial commodities fell sharply on the commodity exchanges. A stock market crash also occurred on the stock markets. The main factor in the panic on the capital markets was the declaration of a global coronavirus epidemic, or pandemic state, by the World Health Organisation on 8 March 2020. This new term 'pandemic' itself created fear and uncertainty in the context of financial markets and economic processes. During the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus pandemic, there were also disruptions to international supply and supply logistics chains, government imposed quarantines and lockdowns imposed on selected sectors of the economy which increased the scale of the 2020 recession. As a result of these mainly interventionist actions by central institutions, a deep economic crisis emerged in 2020, the economy declined in many sectors of the economy, and economic process activity declined. The result of the decline in economic activity was a decrease in demand for raw materials, including energy raw materials. Due to the increase in remote working by employees of many companies from home, the use of cars, especially combustion cars, decreased. As a result, air quality and the state of the environment noticeably improved in 2020. In addition, opportunities have arisen to accelerate pro-climate transformation processes in the economy. Unfortunately, in many countries these opportunities have not been seized. For example, in the country where I operate during the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic (Covid-19), the government used printed money to provide financial public assistance to companies and enterprises operating in a wide variety of industries and sectors, not just those in lockdowns, on a historically record scale. Many companies and enterprises that were in good financial standing also benefited from these programmes of non-refundable financial subsidies, employee wage subsidies, tax relief, deferrals of contributions to the social security system and so on. The scale of the granted non-refundable public aid realised on the basis of printed money introduced extra-budgetarily by government funds created especially for this purpose was so large that inflation began to rise in Poland almost from the beginning of 2021. Citizens invested the extra, free money in shares and flats, which caused an increase in the prices of these assets. On the other hand, opportunities to accelerate the processes of pro-climate transformation of the economy were missed by the government. Subsidies for the development of renewable energy sources were not increased and were even reduced on some issues. Since April 2022, the government has reduced subsidies and worsened the economic conditions for the installation of photovoltaic panels by citizens on the roofs of their houses. There is a lack of subsidies for insulating the facades of buildings and single-family houses, installing photovoltaics, installing heat pumps and other renewable energy solutions. Poland has still not met the European Union guidelines for receiving EU subsidies to finance projects that could be implemented under the National Reconstruction Programme. As a result, the development of renewable and emission-free energy sources has slowed down instead of accelerating as it could have done during the pandemic. Unfortunately, still the process of pro-environmental and pro-climate transformation of the energy sector is progressing much slower than it could if the issue of green transformation of the economy was not ignored in the political and business spheres in Poland. The result of these omissions, neglect and ignorance is the current low level of energy independence and security in Poland in the context of the currently developing energy crisis. The result of this neglect is also the poor air quality in Poland. Poland has one of the worst air quality in the world. Poland is one of the 3 countries in Europe with the highest mortality rate caused by poor air quality polluted with various toxins resulting mainly from the dominant dirty energy industry based on burning fossil fuels. In addition, even more negative consequences of these omissions, negligence and ignorance appear in the future, when the process of global warming will significantly accelerate in the next decades and lead to a worsening of the climate crisis and to a climate catastrophe, which may already occur at the end of this 21st century.
The potential for accelerating the processes of pro-climate transformation of the economy that occurred during the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus pandemic was described in my publications, which I posted on my profile of this Research Gate portal after publication:
What does it look like in your country?
Did the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus pandemic potentially increase opportunities to accelerate processes of pro-climate and pro-environmental transformation of the economy, but unfortunately these opportunities were not used?
Please respond,
I invite you all to discuss,
Thank you very much,
Warm regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
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В России очень похожая ситуация на ту, что Вы описали применительно к Польше. Улучшение состояния воздуха было временным и только в период локдауна. Интересно, как обстоят дела в Китае.
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Is the similarity transformation the sole way of transforming the boundary layer governing PDEs into ODE ?Or do we have any alternative ways of doing it??
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The following references shows how one can use various transforms to aid in solving specialized PDE's by transforming into problems that can be solved by ODE's. The Fourier transform is one.
Of course separation of variables is a well known technique when the variables can be decoupled. In the analysis of the Hydrogen atom, one can use the fact that the potential is spherically symmetric (only depends on the distance from the proton) and the problem can be transformed into the the analysis of the equivalent Strum-Louisville problem in ODE.
For first order PDE, the method of characteristics can be used to generate an equivalent set of PDE's. For a rigid body in three space, the dynamics is described by ODE instead of PDE since the dynamics is invariant under SO(3), the Lie Group of rotations in R^3.
In general symmetry that results by the invariance of a Lie Group action the PDE will lead to the decoupling and/or reduction of variables. This can often head to solution by ODE. However, it is very equation dependent.
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The incoming, centre-right Italian government has renamed the ministry of agriculture and the new name will be the ministry for "sovranità alimentare", literally "food sovereignty". The initiative has precipitated a series of reflections on the relationship between food sovereignty and political sovereignty. These reflections aim to secure a sharp differentiation between the two, but I wonder whether the difficulty is not the product of insufficient attention to the difference between security and sovereignty. Does anyone have any views on the matter?
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There are indications that a not insignificant segment of the US population favors or actively supports a government that centralizes political power in one official or small group and which only nominally respects democratic elections, political plurality, the rule of law, and the separation of powers in maintaining control and the status quo. Neither political science nor suicidology seem to have pondered how suicide prevention will be affected under an authoritarian form of government. It might not be too early to start pondering,
We know something of the relationship between this form of government and suicide. Countries with some type of authoritarian rule have among the highest suicide rates in the world. There is evidence that this may be due to some degree to the detrimental effects such systems have on individual mental wellness. Depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, and a general sense of helplessness seem inherent to even low doses of civil authoritarianism. These are all risk factors that may beget other risk factors.
There are several not so subtle hints as to how an authoritarian system may affect suicide prevention. Restrictions on free exchange of information and an aversion to scientific inquiry top any list. The behavior of authoritarian officials and governments towards prevention and control of public health challenges like COVID-19 do not raise hopes regarding meaningful suicide prevention. Warping institutions that suicide prevention relies on for support and objective data (e.g., the US CDC) will take a heavy toll.
A lack of empathy for the suffering that suicide causes may be the most harmful consequence. Worst yet authoritarians are not known for their compassion toward the vulnerable. Benign neglect may be the best that an authoritarian government can muster and maybe not even that. Even authoritarian regimes require some measure of buy-in from those they rule. However, with the vast array of societal problems that tend to worsen under authoritarian systems, suicide prevention is not likely a concern that the masses will take to the street over.
We’ll leave it at that and hope you can add other factors. Thanks!
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Dear Tony,
Authoritarians are most likely to be pathological narcissists with an unwillingness yo show any empaty with vulnerable people. In contrast, they do all they can to torture them. Y have read about my facorite V. Frankle who was put to in KZ to talk inmates out of touching the electrified borders around the concentrationcamps. Then, in Bosnoa and Herzegovina I read in WHO's manual what to do when one of these psychopaths, who have been tortured victims, repent and want to purify themselves from all awful things they have done.
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I need proper explanation of linear thermal radiation and nonlinear thermal radiation. And how to differentiate whether a particular fluid flow is subjected to linear or nonlinear thermal radiation by observing the governing equations?
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There is no such thing as "linear" thermal radiation.
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Several terms are used in academia for the services provided by Government institutions and departments in urban and rural areas at national, provincial/state or local/district levels.
These terms include public services, civil services, urban services, local services, and municipal services. Is there any overlap among services or clearly divided?
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Can I recommend a summary article I wrote some time ago ... "Making the difference: quality strategy in the public sector"
Managing Service Quality Volume 9 · Number 1 · 1999 · pp. 47–52
I think you can access the article via ResearchGate. Happy to chat.
Mike
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Please, I need, if available, some important research papers which relate the theory of dynamical systems to climate change. Also, in general, I know there are a lot of published research articles that relate dynamical systems to many applications. But, are there papers that research centers and governments depend on that before taking any procedures? I mean, are there papers, especially on climate change and the environment, which are not only in theory but have practical applications?
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Fellow researcher,
Chaos theory, which is a branch of dynamical systems was founded by the study of the Lorenz attractor (butterfly diagram). Edward Lorenz was a meteorologist and this attractor was introduced by him as a consequence of its simplified mathematical model for atmospheric convection. So yes, climate study and dynamical systems are interlinked since the beginning and I recommend Strogatz's "Nonlinear Dynamics And Chaos" for a overview with applications to climate change or "Nonlinear Dynamics in Weather and Climate" for a more specialized text. It is worth to mention that climate change also involve stochastic processes so consulting also works like "Stochastic resonance in climatic change" is important for you repertoire.
Which you have fun and have success in your studies.
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What is the role of local government units in terms of activating entrepreneurship and innovation, in terms of developing cooperation with local business, supporting the development of cooperation and clusters of companies cooperating with other entities, stimulating economic development in the municipal area, in the region?
In the context of the forecast decline in the economic activity of companies and enterprises in the coming quarters, the projected downturn in the national and regional economy, the decline in production and investment, the increase in unemployment and the current economic problems associated with high inflation, the importance of activating entrepreneurship and innovation of economic entities is growing. Within the framework of the interventionist, anti-crisis, Keynesian socio-economic policy, the government and central government agencies carry out programmes to activate entrepreneurship and innovativeness of economic entities, including companies and enterprises of the SME sector using specific financial instruments of fiscal, budgetary, sectoral policies, etc. On the other hand, a particularly important role in the activation of entrepreneurship and innovativeness of business entities of the SME sector operating in the area of the local economy of the municipality is also played by local government units. Local self-governments play an important role in terms of activating entrepreneurship and innovation, in terms of developing cooperation with local business, supporting the development of cooperation and clusters of companies cooperating with other entities, stimulating economic development in the area of the municipality, in the region. Effectively and efficiently conducted by local governments in this regard can significantly reduce the scale of downturn development in the local economy. When many units of local self-government efficiently activate economic processes, entrepreneurship and innovativeness, then the whole national economy goes through an economic crisis, recession, downturn more smoothly. As a result, the scale of the increase in unemployment and economic downturn is lower.
What do you think about this subject?
Please reply,
I invite you all to discuss,
Thank you very much,
Warm regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
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The local government units in my country play a vital role in promoting entrepreneurship particularly livelihood to the marginalized sectors of the community. In the partnership and linkages with different agencies like academe and industry, they were a great alliance in terms of uplifting the lives of the local people. While the academe provides technical expertise such as business planning, product development, mentoring and coaching for entrepreneurial activities, they likewise provide support like allocation of funds and resources to continue or sustain these programs, projects and activities.
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Scientists are trained to only use data for decision-making or other purposes that is of proven high quality.  Government agencies are known to use data of lesser or unproven quality in some of their regulatory programs and risk assessment products.  Some of these papers or reports lack a materials and methods section or provide only limited information on how the reported work was performed.  Is it acceptable scientific practice to use epidemiology, toxicology or dose-response data for standard/guideline calculation when the materials and methods section of a source document is missing or limited?  Reviewing many of USEPA's RfDs, used as an input to calculate drinking water standards, makes one wonder if this is a common practice by USEPA or other government bodies.  Is such a practice ever acceptable? What is your experience?
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Science demands methods. Otherwise the work can not be precisely repeated and the phenomenology confirmed.
Unfortunately standards are set by regulation or profoundly worse, legislation. Regulators, scientists or not, often have no practical knowledge of the entities they regulate. Legislators are ignorant, posturing and agenda-driven.
In some regulatory contexts, standards are often established based on risk elimination or worse precautionary principle rather than risk assessment objective.
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There is a serious push in the USA right now August 2022 to save the trees on government land from logging by executive order or by law under the stressor that “Saving the trees that belong to society cost nothing”. And this means the land use called protected use costs nothing,
And this raises the question, Does the protection of trees/forest land under government ownership cost nothing to society?
What do you think?
Please share your own views on the use protection question.
Note: this is an academic question, not a political one.
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Dear Geoff, we have gone off the relevant question here, so this will be my last comment to your outside the question comments….
With respect to your previous comments and the current comments….
You original comments and critic of the working of the traditional market and its negative social and environmental consequences are consistent with my point of view because that means that we have been trying to use a distorted market in environmental terms to address environmental problems, a big inconsistency. However since GDP thinking is part of the distorted traditional market thinking, then unless it is made consistent with the relevant environmental sustainability problem like green GDP produced by green market growth where green producers and green consumers meet at the green market price, then the GDP based on distorted thinking is also distorted….
So to move the status quo forward we need to thinking outside the box, beyond the traditional economic box
Before the Brundtland Commission report in 1987 I was thinking about how to correct the distorted traditional market model to transition it from a fully dirty market nature to a fully clean market nature using sustainability thinking, and then the commission formally called for correcting the social and environmental issues associated with the traditional market development model…. Then I realized that since 1776 to 1987 most economists knew or should have known the assumption of environmental and social neutrality assumptions and the assumption of population dynamic neutrality assumptions in the long term were going to lead to over production, over consumption and over population problems, but they remained silent. So I started a one man project to slowly but sure document the short comings of the traditional market models in simple terms and shared ideas on how to go beyond traditional business as usual model as the Brundtland commission asked in terms of red market thinking, green market thinking and sustainability market thinking….. Then came, Kyoto protocol, then came 2012 Rio +20 and the supposed move to green markets, then came the world of dwarf green markets a la environmental externality management and the flipping of traditional perfect market thinking…..And with all those events came paradigm shift knowledge gaps that needed to be closed….
Below I shared some of my articles related to the issues described above with some good food for thoughts on beyond business as usual
Did Adam Smith Miss the Chance to State the Goal and Structure of Sustainability Markets in His Time? If Yes, Which Could Be Some of the Possible Reasons Behind That?
What If Markets Have Always Been Distorted? Would It Then Be a Good Fix to Add Fair Trade Margins to Correct Distorted Agricultural Market Prices?
Complex and Man-made Markets: Are We Currently Approaching Sustainability in a Backward and More Chaotic Way in Terms of Economic Thinking?
Beyond Traditional Market Thinking: What is the Structure of the Perfect Green market?
Sustainability thought 165: How can we show that the overpopulation framework a la ecological overshoot is a subset of the most distorted market price possible framework? What are the main implications of this?
From Traditional Markets to Green Markets: A Look at Markets Under Perfect Green Market Competition
Sustainability thoughts 126: Are environmental externality management based production and consumption bundles inconsistent with green pareto efficiency and with pareto efficiency principles at the same time? If yes, why?
The Flipping of Traditional Economic Thinking: Contrasting the Working of Dwarf Green Market Thinking with that of Green Market Thinking to Highlight Main Differences and Implications
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Biden administration instructs all US agencies to require immediate access to federally funded research after it is published, starting in 2026. US government reveals big changes to open-access policy (nature.com)
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In my opinion the publishers will not voluntarily give up this large source of income.
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Is there any publicly available dataset that provides internationally-comparative economic variables, including government expenditure, population, territorial size, per capita GDP, trade, infrastructure, conflict events, etc from 2000 onwards ?
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Hi Bishal,
You will get data for almost all the mentioned variables on World Development Indicators, Word Bank database. https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world-development-indicators
For trade volume related data- Several database are available such as UN-Comtrade, ITC Trade Map, WTO Database.
Hope this helps.
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What role in the shaping of citizens' pro-environmental attitudes and the implementation of pro-environmental and pro-climate measures do local government units play?
What arguments can you give in support of the thesis that local government units play an important role in shaping citizens' pro-environmental attitudes and implementing pro-environmental and pro-climate undertakings.
What examples can you give of pro-environmental measures and pro-climate projects implemented and/or coordinated by local government units?
For example, do the local and regional authorities you know develop waste segregation programmes, expand green areas in cities, build municipal and/or other wastewater treatment plants, organise events to raise pro-environmental and pro-climate awareness among citizens, create flower meadows on city lawns, promote and develop electromobility on city public bus transport, subsidise the purchase of hydrogen-powered buses, etc.?
Please reply,
I invite you all to discuss,
Thank you very much,
Regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
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The functions of municipal governments include the following: Provision of state-run home services and basic unmet needs as regards health, education, environmental cleanliness, drinking water in homes, recreation and sport.
The role of municipal governments | Guide for Monitoring and Evaluating Land Administration Programs | Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (fao.org)
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I am using a three variable VAR(1) model to analyse the effects of government expenditure and government revenue on GDP in the UK. I have attached my stata output. The dlnGovExp P>Chi isnt significant, what does this mean? Can I carry on with my analysis?
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Cela montre que ta variable n'influence pas le PIB même si elle n'est pas retardée.
D'ailleurs vous l'auriez constaté dans les résultats du VAR(1) que cette variable n'est significative quand elle est retardée également.
Vous pouvez continuer votre modèle. Il n'y a pas de problème
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Is there a regulation/law that governs or prohibits the sharing of closed access articles to individuals who privately request for? As a researcher, I would love to have my work read, but at the same time I want to adhere to the rule of law. Any thoughts?
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Is it better not to share closed access published documents in public sharing websites such as Researchgate or LinkedIn?
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Certain critical theories have informed government policy formulation and implementation in higher education. An examination of the appropriateness and limitations of these theories is valuable to education policy makers and education managers who implement the policy.
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There is a basic tenet of wishful thinking, that of equal opportunity regarding social and economic status, which to the best of my knowledge was attained in the U.K. in the past. However, there are constraints that are/should be imposed via public policy. All sectors of higher education cannot be supported equally as long-term projections regarding the particular country's needs should be incorporated, both in the total number of students accepted and in numbers accepted in particular disciplines which should be commensurate with the country's projected needs in the production/research process and in relation with international production/research market.
A classical failure in this way of thinking is Higher Education in Greece. 89% of highschool graduates gain entry into higher education without any preplanned selection of entry in disciplines that are either important to the national economy or are of market value abroad. As a result, there was massive immigration in the past 8 years of over 450,000 graduates, those with higher qualifications in grades/marketability. The simple idea that there is no economy that can support cohorts of 80% university graduates did not play any role as the main motive behind this policy was a political gain for the parties in power, which are seen to dispense an economic good for free.
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Elective procedures were temporarily suspended several times over the course of the pandemic of COVID-19 worldwide. In Brazil, there was a reduction of 46% in the number of elective procedures carried out in the public health system in the first 9-month of the COVID-19 pandemic (please see the paper below).
Although it is a pressing issue in Brazil, the government seems to not have a planning for the recovery of elective procedures in the country. What about other countries? What actions have been implemented?
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see 20 July 2022 WHO News release: "COVID-19 has caused major disruptions and backlogs in health care, new WHO study finds"
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Public procurement denotes the attainment of goods, works, or services required by governments through contracts. Public procurement is usually plagued with covert practices and exclusive forms of corruption in Bangladesh. The cost of development finance is much higher in public procurement than that of others in Bangladesh. There have been no unified rules or laws regarding government purchases since 2006. The Government of Bangladesh enacted its ever first act of public procurement, the Public Procurement Act, 2006 (PPA, 2006), and the Public Procurement Rules, 2008 (PPR, 2008). The procurement entity must disseminate procurement information through electronic medium i.e. Electronic Government Procurement (hereinafter e-GP). Despite passing over an era since its enactment, the role of the PPA, 2006 remains seriously under-researched area, specifically there is no research on the issue of the grievance redress mechanisms. The study has been done using a qualitative case study methodology, backed by both primary and secondary documentary analysis. Based on empirical data, this paper explained the role of digitalization in the process of government procurement and depicted changes that have been brought by the implementation of e-GP in government purchases. However, it concluded that the grievance redress mechanism in the process of procurement is only existing in the policy papers which need mandatory implementation for a transparent and accountable governance system. Despite the significant changes and up-gradation in digital government procurement, it is hardly found that the GRM process is digitalized. And the mass tenderers are yet to be acquainted with the improvised system apart from the consistent efforts of the government.
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It is important suggestion to think more critically.
Best regards
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The Sri Lankan economy is in bad shape.
"Our economy has 'collapsed'" (Sri Lankan PM Ranil Wickremesinghe).
Sri Lanka Holds its Breath as New PM Fights to Save Economy
ttps://thediplomat.com/2022/06/sri-lanka-holds-its-breath-as-new-pm-fights-to-save-economy/
" They say economic mismanagement, policy blunders like a hasty ban on imported chemical fertilizers that devastated crops, and a government stocked with Rajapaksa relatives caused the crisis."
The past experience says that recovery of such economy is difficult and the time / extent of recovery is unpredictable.
What are the ways to bring back a collapsed economy back to track?
(particularly in the context of Sri Lanka)
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Dear Navin Perera,
Excellent presentation made by you. With people like you at the helm of affairs and support from international ecosystem, I am pretty sure that Sri Lanka will be able to overcome this economic crisis. I will go through your presentation in-depth and shall seek more insights on this area.
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Greetings!
I, Darshan Prakashbhai Parmar, MPT student, from Government Physiotherapy College Jamnagar, am conducting a survey on 'EFFICACY OF PELVIC PNF TO IMPROVE TRUNK CONTROL, BALANCE AND GAIT PATTERN IN NEUROLOGICAL CONDITIONS' as a part of my Evidence Based Study(EBS) under the supervision of my Guide, Dr. Karishma Jagad (MPT-NEURO), Sr. Lecturer at Government Physiotherapy College Jamnagar.
We therefore request physiotherapists practicing in India to kindly fill this questionnaire, which will hardly take around 10-15 minutes. The link for the survey is provided below. The responses will be kept anonymous.
I further request you to forward the link to your friends or colleagues.
*(In case the link does not open, please copy and paste the link in your web browser or you can whatsapp me on +917984377793, I will share the form link there.)*
Thank you for your time and participation.
Take care and stay safe
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answer submitted