Global Warming - Science topic

Pyrolysis is an effective method of turning complex materials, like waste, into valuable commodities. This process stands out because it can be easily adjusted to change different parameters and improve the quality of the final products. Biomass, abundant in carbonaceous constituents, emerges as a primary candidate for pyrolysis, presenting the opp...

Carbon sequestration by producers constitutes a vital ecological function executed by ecosystems to mitigate global warming due to burgeoning sustained anthropogenic activities with the release of greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, methane, carbon monoxide, etc.). The Current study evaluates carbon dynamics in forest ecosystems through the InVest mo...

Despite economic difficulties, global warming, and the ongoing recovery from the pandemic, the hospitality industry, a key player in the global economy, is under more urgency to adopt sustainable practices. This chapter examines 'Lean Hospitality,' an approach to the hospitality industry that borrows lean concepts from manufacturing operations to s...

As a natural rule, all human creation tends to wear and tear, and documents, as social and physical entities created by people, are no exception. They present chemical characteristics that determine their level of nature deterioration; and at the same time, they suffer from the environmental conditions to which they are exposed (thermal environment...

Introduction to Geophysical Fluid Dynamics provides an introductory-level exploration of geophysical fluid dynamics (GFD), the principles governing air and water flows on large terrestrial scales. Physical principles are illustrated with the aid of the simplest existing models, and the computer methods are shown in juxtaposition with the equations...

Global warming is projected to increase future droughts that will have a significant impact on maize cultivation in China. Therefore, we studied the changing climate patterns and its impact during the maize growth period (MGP) using the downscaled outputs from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) under two Shared Socioeconomic...

As identified in 1936 by Hans Selye, stress is shaping diseases through the induction of inflammation. But inflammation display some yin yang properties. On one hand inflammation is merging with the innate immune response aimed to fight infectious or sterile insults, on the other hand inflammation favors chronic physical or psychological disorders....

The highest GHG mitigation potential by paludiculture on fen peatlands • All fens were sinks of C after rewetting and paludiculture (− 1.3 to − 11.5 t CO 2 eq ha − 1 yr − 1). • Methane emissions were site-specific and depending on biomass growth, bulk density, and iron content in soil. A B S T R A C T Peatlands cover 3 % of the Danish land area, bu...

Arctic and sub-Arctic marine ecosystems are experiencing some of the highest sea surface warming in the world, which has intensified water column stratification and subsequently reduced phytoplankton production and particulate organic matter quality. However, the effects of these changes on benthic food webs and the transfer of organic matter to hi...

In the past decade, dynamical downscaling using “pseudo‐global‐warming” (PGW) techniques has been applied frequently to project regional climate change. Such techniques generate signals by adding mean global climate model (GCM)‐simulated climate change signals in temperature, moisture, and circulation to lateral and surface boundary conditions deri...

In recent years, international climate negotiations have reached increasing consensus that the wealthiest countries should make significant financial contributions to offset the damages caused by the climate crisis in poorer countries. Proponents have justified such action based on wealthy countries’ disproportionate responsibility for global warmi...

There is no shared definition of what management means so it is based on perceptions. Most view management as a way to coordinate and plan activities in a business setting. Thus, management has traditional meanings but also adapts based on new trends. It is important that the academic leaders of the management field are clear with their explanation...

Saline wetlands play a crucial role in climate regulation through their robust cooling effect, attributed to rapid carbon sequestration and minimal methane production. However, a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms controlling their greenhouse gas (GHG) balance is lacking, particularly in salt marshes that are fully or partially submerged...

ABSTRAK Pendekatan Environmental Learning dengan Problem-Based Learning: Pengaruhnya terhadap Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik SMP Negeri 9 Samarinda. Dalam pendidikan, keterampilan berpikir kritis sangat bermanfaat sebagai bekal untuk menghadapi era globalisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh metode pembelajaran yai...

Resumen El Calentamiento Global viene afectando a todo el mundo desde hace alrededor de 15 años, con cambios que al principio parecían imperceptibles a la sensibilidad humana, pero que actualmente son absolutamente notorios y muy drásticos. Entre otros se encuentran los cambios climáticos presentes en la ciudad de Latacunga, al encontrarse en la se...

Cities have been valued globally for their role, relevance and importance in promoting prosperity, generating wealth, providing state of art infrastructure and creating large pool of diverse employment and opportunities besides housing large proportion of population. Despite having large number of positivities, cities are also been known to be resp...

Pinus yunnanensis has high economic and ecological value. The survival of P. yunnanensis has been greatly affected by global warming. This study examines the response of P. yunnanensis seedlings to drought stress and their recovery following rewatering, focusing on growth metrics and C:N:P stoichiometry. This experiment included the four following...

Dramatic reductions in anthropogenic emissions during the lockdowns of the COVID‐19 pandemic provide an unparalleled opportunity to assess responses of the Earth system to human activities. Here, we synthesize the latest progress in understanding changes in short‐lived atmospheric constituents, that is, aerosols, ozone (O3), nitrogen oxides (NOx),...

Climate change is the most important issue of the top current issues that the globe is experiencing. Climate change is the most significant and hazardous issue not just for Pakistan but globally as well. Pakistan is one of the underdeveloped nations in South Asia and is ranked among the five nations that have been worst affected by climate change....

The importance of climate change for driving adverse climate impacts has motivated substantial effort to understand the rate and magnitude of regional climate change in different parts of the world. However, despite decades of research, there is substantial uncertainty in the time remaining until specific regional temperature thresholds are reached...

It is widely accepted that Arctic amplification (AA)—enhanced Arctic warming relative to global warming—will increasingly moderate cold-air outbreaks (CAOs) to the midlatitudes. Yet, some recent studies also argue that AA over the last three decades to the rest of the present century may contribute to more frequent severe winter weather including d...

Scaling up CO2 removal is crucial to achieve net-zero targets and limit global warming. To engage with publics and ensure a social licence to deploy large-scale carbon dioxide removal (CDR), better understanding of public perceptions of these technologies is necessary. Here, we analyse attention and sentiments towards ten CDR methods using Twitter...

This study evaluates the environmental burden of organic and conventional coffee systems with a functional unit (FU) of 1 kg for market-ready, dried coffee. The ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 framework and guidelines are applied to organic and conventional coffee systems, using a cradle-to-grave approach and the methodology of ReCiPe Endpoint 2008, cumula...

Plain Language Summary Calendar year 2023 was the hottest year on record globally, reaching ∼1.5°C above the pre‐industrial. Many national, sub‐national and non‐state actors have articulated ambitious decarbonization goals to stabilize the global temperature. However, the intensifying impacts as individual years have approached 1.5°C have heightene...

The document explains the grid partitioning inverter (GPI), which is a fundamental function for realizing grid-connected microgrids. This GPI facilitates the construction of microgrids and can be applied as a smart grid that allows for the sharing of surplus power. It contributes to the integration of renewable energy on a large scale without desta...

The demand for the use of secondary batteries is increasing rapidly worldwide in order to solve global warming and achieve carbon neutrality. Major minerals used to produce cathode materials, which are key raw materials for secondary batteries, are treated as conflict minerals due to their limited reserves, and accordingly, research on the battery...

On early Earth increased rates of tidal energy dissipation are likely, but depend on the (unknown) distribution of continents. A stronger tidal heating could provide an additional energy source during times of substantially lower solar input. So far, the problem has been assessed in terms of the negligible contribution to Earth's global energy budg...

This work examined and constructed an Aspen Plus simulation of hydrogen (H 2) production from solar-driven steam gasification of fresh cow manure (FCM). The model's accuracy was verified by comparing it with other experiments and calculations from the literature to demonstrate its feasibility, resulting in root mean square errors (RMSE) of 5.3% and...

Green hydrogen produced via electrolysis powered by renewables can greatly contribute to achieving carbon neutrality. The analysis of 35 papers reporting the life cycle assessment (LCA) of green hydrogen supply chains confirms the lower greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions with respect to other hydrogen forms and conventional fossil fuel and carbon syste...

Although numerous studies have projected changes in freezing rain under future climate conditions, the internal variability of freezing rain remains poorly quantified. Here, we introduce a framework utilizing a novel machine‐learning algorithm to diagnose freezing rain in reanalysis and climate model simulations. By employing multivariate quantile...

Urban planners and other stakeholders often view trees as the ultimate panacea for mitigating urban heat stress; however, their cooling efficacy varies globally and is influenced by three primary factors: tree traits, urban morphology, and climate conditions. This study analyzes 182 studies on the cooling effects of urban trees across 17 climates i...

By analyzing the last 50–60 years of climate changes in Arctic and Subarctic Yakutia, we have identified three distinct periods of climate development. The cold (1965–1987), pre-warming (1988–2004), and modern warming (2005–2023) periods are clearly identifiable. Yakutia’s Arctic and Subarctic regions have experienced mean annual air temperature in...

Noah-2100A and HFE-649, as two electronics fluorinated liquids (EFLs) with low saturation temperature, high safety, excellent insulation properties, and low environmental impact, are considered as replacements for the refrigerants with high Global Warming Potential (GWP), such as HFC-134a and HFC-245fa, in electronic cooling system. However, there...

This study concentrates on the thermal comfort in dwellings occupied by people above 45 years old in buildings constructed of prefabricated large-scale concrete plates. The buildings underwent many thermal modernisations, and nowadays, with growing external temperatures and solar irradiation, their properties may not be sufficient to ensure comfort...

Managing forest understory has a significant impact on soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and the ecosystem’s capacity for carbon sequestration. However, its specific impacts and mechanisms within hickory (Carya cathayensis Sarg) forests remain unclear. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of different understory vegetation treat...

The development of civil infrastructure in 2016–2021 increased cement and concrete consumption across Indonesia. The reduction of global warming effects can be expedited by providing environmentally friendly cement and concrete alternatives complemented with embodied energy and carbon assessment references. In this study, we investigated the local...

The aim of this work is to investigate drought variability in Padua, northern Italy, over a nearly 300-year period, from 1725 to 2023. Two well-established and widely used indices are calculated, the standardized precipitation index (SPI) and the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI). They are compatible with a data series star...

The Tarim River Basin (TRB) faces significant ecological challenges due to global warming, making it essential to understand the changes in the climates of its sub-basins for effective management. With this aim, data from national meteorological stations, ERA5_Land, and climate indices from 1961 to 2021 were used to analyze the temperature and prec...

In the delicate context of climate change and global warming, new technologies are being investigated in order to reduce pollution. The SOFC stands out as one of the most promising fuel cell technologies for directly converting chemical energy into electrical energy, with the added benefit of potential integration into co-generation systems due to...

In this study, the development of solute concentration and velocity fields of a pair of entrapping or coalescing bubbles during downward solidification is provided. The gas-induced pores in the metal not only deteriorates the properties of the processed workpiece by causing stress concentration and defects within the material, but pore formation in...

Keywords: Abrasion Resistance, Chloride Ingression, Compressive Strength, Density, Metakaolin The use of supplementary cementitious materials as cement partial replacement has emerged as a successful strategy in producing green, less energy-intensive and environmentally friendly concrete. This study investigates the effects of metakaolin as a pozzo...

Intensive agricultural practices increase crop yields but worsen the carbon footprint, which contributes to global warming. The adoption of climate-smart agricultural practices (CSAPs) offers a potential solution for enhancing crop productivity, mitigating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and improving climate resilience for environmental sustainabi...

In recent years, global warming has significantly altered weather patterns in many countries. Brazil, home to the biggest tropical rainforest on Earth the Amazon Forest, has experienced an uptick in extreme climate events, which has increasingly captured global attention. Human activities may contribute to phenomena such as the greenhouse effect, a...

The escalating challenges posed by global warming and habitat fragmentation have become critical focal points in ecological research as they may intensify biological invasions, disrupting ecological communities and their resilience. The rapid northward migration of invasive Rosa multiflora due to global warming in temperate regions creates a signif...

Addressing the climate crisis necessitates a profound transformation of global energy systems, driven by the urgent need to curtail greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate global warming. This paper delves into the evolution of policy discourse surrounding the promotion of renewable energy and the strategic adaptations undertaken by various actors in...

Global warming has become one of the world’s most pressing problems in recent years, accompanied by rising sea surface temperature (SST). The SST time series data are an essential component in balancing the energy at the planet’s surface. It is of the utmost importance to forecast future SSTs to assist us in better comprehending the climate dynamic...

The study of climate has captivated human interest throughout history. In response to this fascination, individuals historically organized their daily activities in alignment with prevailing climatic conditions and seasonal variations. Understanding the elements and specific climatic parameters of each region, such as precipitation, which directly...

In recent years, as the world's population continues to increase, it has brought a series of pollution problems, which causes global warming intensified. In order to solve the problem of climate warming, the development trend of low carbon and environmental protection is gradually becoming the keynote of global social and economic development. At t...

This paper deals with the detailed analyses of magnetic fabrics, accompanied by stable isotopic composition and microscopic observations, in centimetric and metric scale authigenic carbonate concretions embedded in the Eocene flysch deposits of the Southwestern Pyrenees. Sampling was focused in the carbonate concretions, (in both metric and centime...

Vegetation in arid and semi-arid regions is a critical component of global ecosystems, providing essential ecological services both locally and globally. However, these regions are increasingly threatened by rapid vegetation degradation due to global warming and unregulated human activities. Understanding the determinants of dryland vegetation grow...

Global warming has changed both the amount of global precipitation and the atmospheric capacity to retain water. In this paper, a novel definition of the long‐term Capturability of Atmospheric Water (CAW) based on horizontal atmospheric water transport is proposed, describing the ability of a certain area to intercept and convert the atmospheric wa...

Volcanic eruptions are one of the most important drivers of climate variability, but climate model simulations typically show stronger surface cooling than proxy-based reconstructions. Uncertainties associated with eruption source parameters, aerosol-climate modelling and internal climate variability might explain those discrepancies but their quan...

日本の生活者の花の購買行動と選好について調査（2024年）。 物流改革に資する川下需要に焦点を当て、生活者の花の選好や価格感度を明らかにするとともに、消費行動の継続データを蓄積している、日本の花市場は、デフレ時代から物価上昇を経て、再び低価格志向を強めている。需要平準化につながるカジュアルギフトに注目し、選好を調べたところ、花・植物ともに20～30㎝台のサイズが最も好まれていた。サイズが小さくなるにつれ受容価格も下がるが、他の商品との組み合わせなど商品政策の工夫により値頃感の低下はある程度緩和可能かもしれない。生活者は、花栽培時の農薬使用への関心は失ってきている一方、土壌や生物への影響については温暖化よりも気にかけている。 政府統計の分析からは、 中間層の支出が、低所得層より少ないことがわか...

The climate change problem has gradually become the focus of peoples attention. Climate change will lead to severe environmental issues, such as global warming and sea level rise. As a responsible country, China positively undertakes the responsibility to face current climate issues and comes up with feasible ideas to solve them. Consequently, Chin...

Honey bee physiology follows an annual cycle, with winter bees living ten times longer than summer bees. Their transition can be disrupted by climate change. Several climate factors, mainly temperature, may contribute to the global losses of winter bees. We simulated global warming by maintaining constant temperatures of 25°C (Group 25) and 35°C (G...

Global warming is a major threat to reptiles because temperature strongly affects their development. High incubation temperatures reduce hatchling body size and physiological performance; however, its effects on brain development and learning abilities are less well understood. In particular, it remains unclear if the effects of elevated temperatur...

Global warming has significantly altered plant phenology by advancing the timing of leaf emergence, impacting vegetation productivity and adaptability. Winter and spring temperatures have commonly been used to explain spring phenology shifts, but we still lack a solid understanding of the effects of interactions between conditions in different seas...

Over the past fifty years geophysicists have established that the planet experiences global warming and cooling episodes that are repeated about every 60 years; that these cycles are driven by decadal variations in the rate of rotation of the Earth; that these variations result from oscillations of the Earth's inner core; and that these oscillation...

The climate change on earth is increasing day by day due to global warming. India is prone to various types of climate change vulnerabilities as a region of geographical diversities. The human interventions in the protected areas of Western Ghats of India increased the burden of geological structure leads to natural calamities. In this background,...

Radiative cooling (RC) is a passive cooling technology that leverages infrared radiation to reduce temperatures without external energy input, presenting a crucial approach to mitigating global warming and lowering energy consumption. Biomass‐based RC materials, known for their environmental sustainability and abundance, offer a promising alternati...

It is assumed that climate change (global warming) worsens the living conditions for conifers and at the same time favours the cultivation of deciduous trees, including oaks. In fact, in Poland, for example, many more oaks are now being planted as forest-forming tree species than in the 1980s and 1990s. However, the monitoring of the health status...

Ratoon rice can improve rice yield by increasing the multiple cropping index in China. However, the greenhouse gas (CH4 and N2O) emission characteristics from ratoon rice fields and the cultivation methods to reduce CH4 and N2O emissions are rarely reported. This study first conducted the analysis of genotype differences in greenhouse gas emission...

Over the past fifty years geophysicists have established that the planet experiences global warming and cooling episodes that are repeated about every 60 years; that these cycles are driven by decadal variations in the rate of rotation of the Earth; that these variations result from oscillations of the Earth's inner core; and that these oscillation...

Citation: Cadelano, G.; Bortolin, A.; della Valle, A.; Ferrarini, G.; Cattaneo, P.; Peron, F.; Emmi, G. Thermal Behavior of a Historic Building Housing Books Across Past and Future Climate Scenarios. Heritage 2024, 7, 6916-6937. https://doi. Abstract: Climate change poses significant challenges for the renovation of historic buildings, requiring a...

Telecommunication stations situated in rural areas often rely on diesel generators as their primary energy source to meet electricity demand, given the absence of a power grid. However, this heavy dependence on diesel generators leads to escalated operational and maintenance expenses, while exacerbating global warming through greenhouse gas emissio...

With the growth of the population, the demand for aquatic products is increasing. Additionally, the development of the aquaculture industry has led to a heightened demand for fishmeal (FM). FM is a high-protein feed raw material made from one or more types of fish, which has been deoiled, dehydrated, and crushed. The world’s major FM-producing coun...

Global warming is among the most significant threats that humanity has to deal with, and Africa is one of the regions in the world, which is to be affected most severely; Somalia is not an exception for the south Somali climate rises each year. They have further aggravated other negative trends such as political crisis, hunger and conflict. Nonethe...

Biochar provides a sustainable carbon sequestration technology, an effective fertilizer in agriculture, a step forward for the profitable and safe disposal of bio-wastes, reduced carbon dioxide emissions and global warming, and a renewable energy source. Using biochar as a bitumen modifier in asphalt pavement construction is under active research....