Global Change - Science topic

Dear Researchers, Scientists, Friends,

Economic globalisation has brought about many changes in the structure of world trade, investment and the labour market. On the one hand, it has enabled the growth of prosperity and the development of many economies, but on the other hand, it has contributed to the concentration of capital in the hands of transnational corporations and an increase in social inequality. Studies show that economic globalisation significantly promotes prosperity and increases economic efficiency in at least some of the countries involved. On the other hand, economic globalisation can also lead to increased income inequality and dependence on international capital. Furthermore, the impact of globalisation on economies depends on the policies of individual countries and their ability to protect their own economic interests. As a result, globalisation has intensified international trade and capital flows and increased market competitiveness. However, in many developing countries, it has led to economic dependence on foreign investment and production for international corporations. At the same time, jobs are being eroded in highly developed countries, where production processes are being relocated to cheaper locations. There is a need for a balanced economic policy that allows us to reap the benefits of globalisation while minimising its negative effects.

My articles below are related to some aspects of the above-mentioned issues:

I have described the main issues of the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the economy and financial markets in my article below:

I have described the key issues of the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the economy and financial markets in my article below:

I have described the issue of economic globalisation as an important factor in the systemic transformation of banking in Poland in the following article:

My highly cited publication on economic globalisation:

And what is your opinion on this matter?

What do you think about this?

Please answer,

I invite everyone to the discussion,

Thank you very much,

Best regards,

I invite you to scientific cooperation,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

There is strong evidence that human rights violations such as discrimination, violence, torture and restrictions on freedom of expression are a global problem that affects people all over the world, regardless of their origin, gender or beliefs. These violations have a devastating impact on the lives of individuals and entire communities, leading to suffering, exclusion and a sense of powerlessness. The causes of these violations are complex, often stemming from intolerance, prejudice, abuse of power, armed conflict, poverty and social inequality. An effective solution to this problem requires a comprehensive approach, including the enforcement of international law, monitoring of the situation in countries where violations occur, support for non-governmental organisations working for human rights, and education and raising public awareness. Research plays an important role in solving this problem, helping to understand the causes and consequences of violations and to develop effective strategies to prevent and combat them.

And what is your opinion on this topic?

What is your opinion on this issue?

Please reply,

I invite everyone to the discussion,

Thank you very much,

Best wishes,

I invite you to scientific cooperation,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Poverty, disease, and hunger remain among the most persistent and devastating challenges facing humanity. Despite significant advancements in science, technology, and medicine, these issues continue to affect billions worldwide, hindering progress and well-being for millions. What if science could be harnessed not just to mitigate these issues but to eradicate them entirely?

Recent breakthroughs in various fields—such as biotechnology, renewable energy, artificial intelligence, and social sciences—offer unprecedented opportunities to tackle the root causes of poverty, hunger, and disease in innovative ways. Can we leverage these advancements to design systems of resource distribution, healthcare, and education that are sustainable and equitable for all? Can biotechnology revolutionize food production and health solutions, while AI and data analytics create efficient, scalable models for poverty reduction?

In my opinion, armed conflicts, persecution, natural disasters and a lack of economic prospects force millions of people to leave their homes, leading to humanitarian crises and migratory pressure. These complex and often overlapping problems force people to seek refuge and safety outside their home countries. Armed conflicts such as civil wars and ethnic and religious conflicts are the main cause of these crises, forcing civilians to flee from violence and military conscription. Persecution on the basis of race, religion, nationality, sexual orientation or political beliefs also forces people to leave their homes, where they experience violence and discrimination. Natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods, droughts and hurricanes destroy entire communities, depriving people of their homes and livelihoods. Lack of economic prospects, such as high unemployment and poverty, also force people to migrate in search of a better life abroad. The migratory pressure resulting from these factors leads to many problems, such as humanitarian crises, pressure on host countries, difficulties in integrating refugees and migrants, and social tensions. An effective solution to this problem requires a comprehensive and multifaceted approach, including conflict prevention, protection of human rights, provision of humanitarian aid, support for the integration of refugees and migrants, and international cooperation. Research plays an important role in solving this problem, helping to understand the causes and consequences of migration, develop new solutions and analyse the effectiveness of different strategies.

And what do you think about it?

What is your opinion on this matter?

Please answer,

I invite everyone to the discussion,

Thank you very much,

Best regards,

I invite you to scientific cooperation,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

In my opinion, uneven development, manifested in significant disparities between developed countries and the poorest countries, is one of the key challenges of the modern world. This inequality, which is caused by historical, political and economic factors, has a number of negative consequences, such as deepening inequality, increasing poverty, social tensions and conflicts. While citizens in rich countries enjoy a high standard of living, millions of people in the poorest countries struggle to meet their basic needs and have no access to education or healthcare. There are many reasons for this, ranging from a colonial past to unstable state institutions and unfavourable international trade conditions. The effects of uneven development are felt on many levels, from poverty and lack of prospects to migration and humanitarian crises. Solving this problem requires a comprehensive approach, including increased financial and technological assistance, knowledge transfer, support for economic development and building strong state institutions. Research plays a key role in this process, as it allows for a better understanding of the causes and consequences of uneven development and the development of effective strategies to overcome it.

And what is your opinion on this topic?

What is your opinion on this issue?

Please answer,

I invite everyone to join the discussion,

Thank you very much,

Best wishes,

I invite you to scientific cooperation,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Can globalisation, despite its many advantages, also lead to negative effects such as an increase in inequality between countries, job losses in developed countries and pressure on local cultures? What are the positive and negative effects of economic globalisation? To what extent can international trade wars, which are waged by raising barrier tariffs and imposing sanctions on the cross-border movement of goods, technologies, raw materials and other production factors, limit the scale of economic globalisation?

Numerous studies on this issue show that globalisation, although beneficial, also carries risks such as increased inequality, job losses and the erosion of local cultures. Corporations contribute to unemployment in developed countries and exploitation in developing countries by relocating production to countries with lower labour costs. Job losses are caused by relocating production abroad and cultural erosion by cultural homogenisation. Regulations, the protection of workers' rights, the promotion of local businesses and intercultural dialogue are needed. Research helps to understand and minimise the negative effects of globalisation. Globalisation has changed in character in recent years. Globalisation has changed significantly since the pandemic economic crisis of 2020. I have described these issues in the following publications.

I have summarised the main issues concerning the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the economy and financial markets in the article below:

And what is your opinion on this matter?

What is your opinion on this issue?

Please answer,

I invite everyone to join the discussion,

Thank you very much,

Best regards,

I invite you to scientific cooperation,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

The Covid-19 pandemic contributed to the modification of globalization processes. The pandemic caused an increase in the scale of the processes of information globalization, technological globalization, etc., including, among other things, also affecting logistics processes and chains. Due to broken logistics chains, the scales of economic globalization processes have decreased. On the other hand, the scale of ecological globalization processes may have also increased. My research shows that globalization processes of different nature have been taking place in recent years. A distinction is made in this connection between economic globalization, information globalization, technological globalization, communication globalization, cultural globalization, mental globalization and ecological globalization, etc. Each of these globalizations generates various positive and negative aspects. In each of these globalizations, either positive or negative aspects prevail, specific aspects that may have already appeared at the genesis of certain globalization processes, or when globalization significantly increased its impact on the economies of individual countries, on the operation of certain corporations, on people and their awareness of the modern world, and so on. In recent years, for example, information globalization has been particularly strongly developed through the Internet. In recent years, the importance of communication globalization associated with the development of tourism has gained additional cognitive aspects in connection with, for example, the development of the Covid-19 pandemic. The acceleration of the development of internationally and globally operating corporations, which has been taking place for several decades, has increased the importance of economic globalization processes. Also, the removal of barriers to cross-border flows of goods, services, factors of production, financial capital are also counted among the key source factors of economic globalization. Globally operating investment banks and investment funds generate processes of financial globalization. With the growing global importance of a particular currency, monetary globalization is deepening. The development of the European Union is an example of simultaneously occurring different aspects of globalization processes. Increasing the scale of the share of tourism services in GDP in some countries increases the importance not only of communication globalization but also of cultural globalization, as people learn the values of other cultures, other communities, other countries, etc. Significant factors in such globalization processes also include the globalization of certain fields of art, such as filmmaking or certain specific works of art. Various aspects of globalization are developing, for example, online computer games played by people living in different parts of the globe. In this way, the overall social consciousness of the inhabitants of planet Earth is being globalized, and globalization of a mental nature is taking place. During the Covid-19 pandemic, the importance of the digitalization of economies increased, including the exchange of information, the continuation of educational processes in schools and universities, the implementation of professional activities, the performance of work in various professional positions through the Internet, i.e. in remote online form. These processes have increased the importance of information and technological globalization concerning ICT, Internet technologies, Industry 4.0 and their use in various branches and sectors of modern economies. If a particular framing, interpretation of a global problem such as the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic or environmental-ecological problems, including, for example, the global littering of the environment with plastic, the global nature of climate change, the progressive process of global warming, the need to develop international cooperation in the increasingly globalizing environmental policy, the implementation of the principles of sustainable development, etc., is spread, then the global significance of a particular idea is strengthened. In such a situation, specific examples of mental globalization are included in the research. In view of the above, an objective assessment of a holistic, comprehensive, integrated view of globalization processes is not easy. In order to increase the accuracy and objectivity of this type of assessment it would be necessary to take into account many, thousands of factors of various globalization processes and, taking into account their importance, relative level of significance, variability over time, etc., conduct this type of analysis using a complex, multi-faceted analytical model and advanced IT data processing technology, for example, using Big Data Analytics technology. By using this type of analytical approach, it is much easier to undertake analysis and evaluation of a certain type of globalization processes, i.e., for example, economic globalization, information globalization, technological globalization, communication globalization, cultural globalization, mental globalization, environmental globalization, etc. The research also shows that the impact of globalization on society and the environment can be large. During the Covid-19 pandemic, international, including intermodal logistics chains were temporarily interrupted is some production processes may be transferred to other countries. This led to a situation where multinational corporations that had divided their production processes in previous years into stages carried out in plants and factories located in other countries now, due to supply logistics problems, may return to the concept of concentrating the entire production processes in the same countries, in the countries of the company's headquarters or in countries that are much shorter distances away. It has happened that many factories have returned from developing countries to developed countries despite slightly or significantly higher production costs. In this way, the risk of sourcing, procurement logistics, etc. was greatly reduced. If such internationally happening economic processes are also realized in the years to come, then the retreat of economic globalization processes will deepen. Besides, also between the issues of ecology, sustainable development, climate change, the process of global warming, etc. and globalization can also be diagnosed many correlations. The promotion of the idea of sustainable pro-ecological development principles, including the implementation of ecological innovations into economic processes, should be an important factor in the current information globalization carried out through various media, including online media and social media. More and more institutions promoting the principles of sustainable pro-ecological economic development are operating beyond national borders. The development of international cooperation for greater and more effective integration of political, business and social activities in implementing the principles of sustainable pro-ecological economic development, spreading the concept of green closed-loop economy, introducing ecological innovations, including reforming the energy sector and developing renewable energy sources, developing electromobility, improving waste segregation, developing recycling is insufficient, is too small. Therefore, the transfer of technology and innovation, including ecological innovation between countries should be improved and developed. In order to increase the global scale of implementation of ecological innovations into economic processes, it is necessary to improve the logistics of international transfer of ecological technologies. In my opinion, environmental policy should be internationally synchronized. There should be greater compatibility and supra-national cooperation on the implementation of ecological innovations into economic processes, pro-ecological reforms in the energy sector, reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and improvement of recycling processes, waste segregation and reclamation of areas of the natural environment degraded by industrial development. Supra-national institutions such as the UN, the World Bank, etc., should be given greater importance in coordinating the solution of global problems such as the ongoing process of global warming. In view of the above, globalization processes have a large multifaceted impact on society and the environment. In view of the above, the Covid-19 pandemic has set back some issues of globalization processes and the development of deglobalization processes. Therefore, now a fully legitimate research question may be the issue of resolving whether, after the pandemic, again the processes of globalization, including economic globalization began to develop and return to the state before the pandemic, or vice versa, i.e. whether the processes of deglobalization continue to dominate and perhaps deepen? What are your thoughts on this issue? I invite you to discuss this topic and to cooperate with me in research.

I am conducting research on this issue. I have included the conclusions of my research in the following article (top cited in my scientific publication):

For the purposes of this discussion, I also provide a link to an article of my co-authorship on the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the processes of globalization and the development of deglobalization processes:

IMPACT OF THE SARS-COV-2 CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC (COVID-19) ON GLOBALIZATION PROCESSES

In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:

What do you think about this topic?

What is your opinion on this issue?

Please answer,

I invite everyone to join the discussion,

Thank you very much,

Best regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

It's been about 3 years since I asked:

Now I've been thinking as a specialist for one integrated question about the two questions I've made before, and concretely::

First question was: "How does climate change affect flora and fauna?"

Historical climate change has had a profound effect on current biogeography, so we can expect our ongoing and rapid climate change, to have as great an effect on flora and fauna. Climate change has important implications for nearly every aspect of life on Earth, and effects are already being felt.

Second question: "How does climate change affect Human Beings life?

Historical climate change has had a profound effect on current biogeography, so we can expect our ongoing and rapid climate change, to have a great impact on human beings life. Climate change has important implications for almost every aspect of Human life on Earth , And effects are already being felt day by day, everywhere and everybody ...

Together:, we have "How does climate change affect on Flora and Fauna, and in particular the affects on Human Beings Life?".

In my opinion, both unfavorable processes, ie the global warming and the depletion of the ozone layer in the atmosphere will increase in the future.

However, there is still some time to implement the necessary pro-ecological reforms to slow down these processes. It is estimated that there has been a decade of time to carry out the necessary pro-ecological investments, thanks to which it would be possible to implement sustainable pro-ecological development in the global economy.

Hedgehogs do not take these actions in the next decade, then these unfavorable climate processes will accelerate in the future and become permanently irreversible. Then, at the end of the twenty-first century, there will be a global climate cataclysm that will threaten the life of all humanity and a large part of other life forms that inhabit the planet Earth.

The problem is therefore serious and underestimated by politicians, entrepreneurs, industrialists and many other social groups. The problem of global warming and decreasing ozone layer in the atmosphere is too little publicized and the educated society is not educated enough.

In view of the above, the current question is: Are the biggest global problems of the future underestimated and ignored?

Please, answer, comments. I invite you to the discussion.

whether the development of international industrial corporations and large international banks and investment funds operating internationally will be the main factor of economic globalization in the 21st century?

What other determinants will shape the processes of economic globalization in the 21st century?

Please, answer, comments.

I invite you to the discussion.

I have described these issues in recently published publications:

I invite you to discussion and scientific cooperation

Best wishes

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At what time scale should we consider the priority measures to be implemented in order to ensure the protection of natural resources and guarantee their sustainability? (i) direct and urgent measures associated with the modes of exploitation and development of resources ; (ii) indirect and very long-term implications of Climate Change on the potential of resources. Has everything been done on (i) to decree that it is urgent to tackle (ii) head-on with all its uncertainties, particularly with regard to time scales involved, incompatible with the scales of concrete actions?

Is it absurd to assume, like for the evolution of species and their adaptations to natural changes of all kinds, that adaptations and resilience to the effects of climate change should readjust themselves, to changes in natural conditions, which by definition are very slow and loaded with uncertainties?

Moral: what are the urgent actions for scientists, decision-makers, actors, and active civil societies, and on what issues should scientific, technical, and financial resources should be concentrated?

I would be glad to exchange ideas on this important matter. To start the discussion, I will begin by giving some examples from Tunisia (ranked among the countries that suffer the most from lack of water).

Example 1- On the adaptation of Tunisian olive groves to bioclimatic conditions: The olive tree has been cultivated in Tunisia since Roman times under different bioclimatic conditions in exclusively rainfed groves: in the south with less than 250 mm of rainfall and in the north with more than 600 mm [1]. Apart from the different olive tree species in each of the regions, it is clear that the density of olive trees is strictly correlated with rainfall, ranging from 16 olive trees per hectare in the South to nearly a hundred olive trees per hectare in the North; so that it is possible to faithfully superimpose the density map of olive trees on the map of isohyets. Empirically, over millennia and outside of any protocol or procedure, the peasants have naturally adapted to the natural conditions of the environment and it is difficult to imagine that things can be otherwise.

Example 2- On floods and hydraulic disorders: Indigenous, Carthaginian, Roman, and Muslim cities were, without exception, located high up, sheltered from flooding (they were unfortunately not immune to drought). The centrifugal developments of urban agglomerations during the last century have reached flood zones. The transformation of watersheds and the artificialization of the water cycle have increased the concentration of flows so that flooding has become a national plague. What are the urgent actions: (i) to rethink territory development and planning for better resilience to flooding or (ii) tackle the impact of climate change on the frequencies of floods, admittedly real but at much larger time scales which escapes the scales of concrete actions.

Example 3- On groundwater overexploitation and aquifers depletion: Most of the groundwater is subjected to disastrous overexploitation leading to drawdowns and irreversible degradation of water quality. Some aquifers are withdrawn at more than 250% of the average recharge rate and the oases of the South draw on very weakly renewable “fossil” aquifers to produce dates sold at prices ranging between $ 1 and $ 3 (approximately 8 m3 of water are required to produce 1 kg of dates) [2]. Coastal aquifers in the Cap-Bon region are used in the production of citrus fruits sold at less than $ 1 per kg. The aquifers are stressed to such an extent that marine intrusion has, in some cases, resulted in definitive depletion of the resource. If the decision-makers and the scientific community do not put urgently all their human and material resources and all the scientific and technical means, to solve this nagging problem; well, the time needed to define and put in place measures of resilience and adaptation to the hypothetical effects of Climate Change on groundwater recharge will be more than enough for the squandering of these resources to be total and definitive as it is already the case of certain coastal aquifers.

[1](5) (PDF) Alleviating water scarcity by optimizing "Green Virtual-Water": the case of Tunisia (researchgate.net)

[2](4) National Water Security, Case Study of an Arid Country: Tunisia | Request PDF (researchgate.net).

Illustration: Olive Trees with Yellow Sky and Sun by Vincent Van Gogh (1889), The Minneapolis Institute of Arts, public domain. [Source: Vincent van Gogh, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons]

What are the most serious problems of civilization development that should be solved as soon as possible? What are the global problems for which research should be developed and solutions to these problems resolved in 2019 and in subsequent years?

One of such research problems, which should not be postponed for an indefinite future, is the need to develop environment-friendly sustainable economic development in order to slow down the adverse process of global warming.

With the warming of the Earth's climate, the risk of more dramatic climate cataclysms, including tsunamis, increases.

Tsunami may be a derivative of the global warming problem. Global warming generates an increase in climate disasters, including more cases of tsunamis.

But not only is the risk of more violent and more dramatic tsunamis rising. Also in recent years, there has been more other types of climate and natural climate catatics, such as droughts, rainstorms, tornadoes and weather anomalies.

At present, it should no longer be asked whether global warming generates an increase in natural disasters only what rate of growth will be recorded in the future? So many data, research centers confirms the progressing process of global warming, that the problem is unquestionable.

More and more data points to the growing risk of climate change, unfavorable for human and life on the Earth, increase of climate disasters, climatic and weather anomalies, which are the result of global warming, rising average annual temperature near the Earth's surface.

Now we should just ask: How can these adverse processes be counteracted? What ecological technologies, renewable energy sources, how to help natural environments, how to rebuild them, such as afforestation, to build natural ecosystems absorbing greenhouse gases?

How to develop ecological business ventures? How to create financing systems for this type of pro-ecological projects? How to dispel international cooperation in this matter? What actions should be taken to move towards the development of a new ecological green economy?

How to develop environmentally sustainable economic development to slow down the unfavorable warming of the Earth's climate?

Please reply. I invite you to the discussion

To understand the impact of internet usage over tv viewing,

Convenient

Content

Paradigm shift

Global change

Following the rising popularity of AI-model generating tools, such as Midjourney, there have been multiple architects who have acquired such techniques in building their professional profile. Meanwhile, the foundational skills of geometric composition are being diluted gradually at the expense of fast-paced accessible technology.

From an academic perspective, it might sound threatening to the profession, as some academics fear the condition of being ignored or left behind. Hence, academic systems are continuously aiming to bridge their infrastructure with that of the global market to ensure their survival.

Will there be a time when the architect will submit to the machine? Is this the revival of Walter Benjamin's essay of cultural criticism, "The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Production", which criticizes mechanical structure during the Nazi regime and its devaluing effect on art?

Would love to hear your thoughts...

Globalisation processes are subject to and influenced by various factors and processes operating over the long term. In recent years, the main determinants of globalisation processes include the growth of transnational corporations, international financial institutions, changes in the scale of economic protectionism applied, changes in international foreign trade strategies, cross-border capital flows financing direct investment and speculative investment in other countries' capital markets, international trade wars, the global financial crisis of 2007-2009, the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus pandemic and the recession of the 2020 economy, the increasing importance of green economic transformation and sustainable economic development, the energy crisis of 2022 and the intensifying negative effects of the progressive climate crisis. It may be that in the future, due to the intensifying negative effects of the progressive global warming process, the developing climate crisis, the importance of international environmental policy and supranational coordination for the implementation of sustainable development goals may be modified by globalisation processes in the years ahead. As a result, the structure of key priorities and factors shaping globalisation processes may change in the future. The importance of environmental, climate and sustainability factors in globalisation processes may increase. If globalisation processes undergo such modifications then international economic sustainability may also grow in importance. The question then arises as to how the processes of economic globalisation should proceed in order for sustainable international economic development to be realised?

In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:

What do you think about it?

What is your opinion on this subject?

Please respond,

I invite you all to discuss,

Thank you very much,

Best regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

The key problems of the development of civilisation and life on planet Earth include the issue of the increasingly rapid process of global warming, loss of biodiversity, decrease in the area of forests, increase in the level of environmental pollution, etc. In addition, the key problems of the development of civilisation, economic and social problems include uneven economic development in various regions and countries of the world, high levels of poverty and hunger in countries with a low level of economic development, permanent droughts, lack of drinking water and other negative effects of the progressing process of global warming, armed conflicts, intolerance for ethnic minorities, other social groups, other cultures and non-respect for human rights, etc. Economically underdeveloped countries tend to have much less developed systems of public road communication infrastructure, certain public services and social benefits, services of public health institutions, public education, etc. than the standards of most countries. It is therefore necessary to develop international cooperation in order to implement the principles and goals of sustainable development, including economic development and on many other levels, i.e. in the sphere of ecology, environmental protection, climate protection, food aid, medical aid, etc.

In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:

What is your opinion on this subject?

Please respond,

I invite you all to discuss,

Thank you very much,

Best regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Due to the progressing global warming process, the issue of necessary ecological reforms should be one of the most important issues shaping the processes of globalization in the 21st century.

Please reply

I invite you to the discussion

Thank you very much

Best wishes

The outbreak of COVID19 pandemic may have some other impacts such as Environmental, Social, Psychological, Ethical, Moral, Physical, Natural resources, Ecosystem, Energy, Professional etc. The eminent experts from these fields kindly share your views with particular positive or negative impact of COVID19 pandemic.

Increase in the scale of international scientific cooperation on SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus research and analysis of Covid-19 disease development; use of analogous anti-pandemic security instruments; disrupted chains of international supply and supply logistics; analogous changes in trends in financial markets, including raw materials markets, other types of production factors and stock exchanges; increase in the scale of digitisation of remote communication and business processes; increase in the scale of digitisation of public offices and institutions; increase in the scale of e-commerce, e-banking, e-payments carried out via the Internet, e-logistics, remote working, e-learning, e-government, development of online and mobile banking; negative social and economic impacts; a decrease in demand for energy and other raw materials in 2020 and an increase in demand for raw materials from 2021 onwards; a decrease in economic activity in the service sectors affected by the lockdowns; the analogous use of soft monetary and fiscal policy instruments; the emergence of inflationary pressures; an increase in inflation; the emergence of opportunities to accelerate the processes of pro-climate transformation of the energy sector, but these opportunities have been used to varying degrees in different countries, resulting in different levels of energy and environmental security in different countries, etc. These are just some of the effects of the pandemic and post-pandemic impact of the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus on globalisation processes. I am conducting research on this issue. I have described the results of my research and key aspects of this problematic in an article which, when published, I posted on my profile of this Research Gate portal:

If you are conducting research in this area, or have a research interest in this area, I invite you to join me in a research collaboration.

Encouraging joint discussion on this issue, I address the following question to the esteemed community of researchers and scientists:

What do you think?

What is your opinion on the subject?

Please respond,

I invite you all to discuss,

Thank you very much,

Best regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Both the global financial crisis of 2007-2009 and the lockdown and quarantine crisis of 2020 caused by the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus pandemic, the disrupted international supply and supply logistics chains and the supply problems of semiconductor-based microprocessors have seriously impeded the development of economic globalisation processes.

In addition, the currently developing crises (energy, food, climate) are also likely to modify globalisation processes in certain ways.

In view of the above, I address the following research question to the esteemed community of researchers and scientists:

What is your opinion on this subject?

Please reply,

I invite you all to discuss,

Thank you very much,

Best regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

The SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus pandemic has, in some respects, through interrupted chains of international supply and supply logistics, reduced the scale of economic globalisation processes. On the other hand, the need for the development of remote Internet communication has increased due to the introduction of home quarantine periods and lockdowns imposed on selected sectors of the economy in 2020. Consequently, the scale of internetisation and digitalisation of various aspects of business conducted by companies and enterprises has increased. As a result of the growth of the Internet, the importance of information globalisation has increased in terms of remote Internet-based communication. In a multi-year perspective, the importance of environmental and pro-climate globalisation may increase in the future. In view of the above, how else will globalisation processes change in this decade of the 21st century? Will the current energy crisis, the unfolding food crisis, the migration crisis

What is your opinion on this?

What is your opinion on this topic?

Please reply,

I invite you all to discuss,

Thank you very much,

Best regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

What kind of scientific research dominate in the field of Global warming?

Please, provide your suggestions for a question, problem or research thesis in the issues: Global warming.

Please reply.

I invite you to the discussion

Best wishes

Discuss the impacts of local and global change challenges on Forest Landscape Restoration

1.Climate Change

2.Food Security

3.Biotechnology and Synthetic Biology

Since mid-2020, when we see a renewed increase in the popularity of cryptocurrencies as a source of easy profit, avoiding transaction costs and escaping from fiat money inflation, the energy costs associated with "mining" Bitcoin were revealed in the media. Energy experts began to carefully assess the functioning of the cryptocurrency market in terms of electricity consumption in relation to the amount of electricity consumed by the economy. It turned out that bitcoin mining costs annually at least as much electricity as a medium-sized country like Finland consumes. If Bitcoin were a country, it would rank in the top 30 worldwide for energy use. I enclose the research results in charts and links to the publication. Meanwhile, in 2021 we are witnessing the emergence of an energy crisis all over the world and an incredible increase in the prices of natural gas and crude oil as a result of climate disturbances, disruptions in the supply chain and broken cooperative ties between international companies. Therefore, what are the prospects for such a phenomenon as cryptocurrencies or other energy-intensive technologies, the use of which is completely against the policy of reducing greenhouse gases and switching to renewable energy on a global scale? Is the true thesis that the growth rate of the BTC market price to USD is comparable to the growth rate of electricity consumption by cryptocurrency miners?

Does the globalization of financial markets increase the scope of potential systemic credit risk in the sphere of financial systems, including banking systems with particular focus on investment banking?

In the context of the development of international capital markets, the development of stock exchanges, increasingly globalized and related, the importance of globalization of financial markets, including capital markets and stock exchanges, is increasing.

On these capital markets, there are also increasingly large, internationally operating investment banks and investment funds, whose profits generate increasingly from speculative transactions of securities issued by companies and the public sector, including also Treasury bonds of other countries.

In addition, currency markets are growing, on which speculatively operating internecional banks and hedge investment and investment funds also speculatively. Before the emergence of the global financial crisis in 2008, it was mainly investment banking that approved the excessive levels of credit risk and speculative, too high, overvalued valuations of securities on stock exchanges.

The recent global financial crisis that appeared in autumn 2008 was an example of the increase in potential systemic credit risk in many countries in which the governments of these countries through the issue of government bonds and their sale to foreign investors led to a significant increase in the risk of a liquidity crisis in the state finances and in many smaller economies, they generated major crises in the debt of state finances.

Do you agree with my opinion?

Therefore, I am asking you the following questions:

- What impact does economic globalization have on the potential increase in systemic credit risk on a supranational scale?

- Does the globalization of financial markets and the development of growing global banks and investment funds increase the level of potential systemic credit risk, increase the risk of destablization on many capital markets and thus increases the likelihood of generating another global financial crisis?

- Does the globalization of financial markets increase the scope of potential systemic credit risk in the sphere of financial systems, including banking systems with particular focus on investment banking?

Please reply

I have described these issues in recently published publications:

I invite you to discussion and scientific cooperation

Best wishes

Currently, the UN climate summit in Katowice is taking place in Katowice. COP (Conference of the Parties) on climate policy on Earth. UN climate summits, i.e. COP (Conference of the Parties) are global conferences during which climate policy actions are negotiated. Poland twice hosted them - in 2008 in Poznań and in 2013 in Warsaw. In December 2018, the climate summit is held for the first time now in Katowice in Poland.

During this summit, conferences are held, discussions are held on the need to develop a sustainable development policy and the need for development of ecological, renewable energy sources in order to generate a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions in the future and ultimately reduce the average annual temperature rise on the Earth's surface. From the discussions it follows that it is necessary to develop eco-innovations, new pro-ecological energy sources, development of electromobility of transport means. It is necessary to develop and implement on a large scale renewable energy sources. In addition, it is important to increase the scale of afforestation, as forests and the flora contained in them absorb a large proportion of greenhouse gas emissions.

As part of this year's UN Climate Summit, the 24th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP24), 14th Meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol (CMP 14) and the Conference of the Paris Agreement signatories (CMA 1) are held. About 20,000 people from 190 countries participate in the event, including politicians, representatives of non-governmental organizations, and scientific and business spheres.

Perhaps during this UN climate summit important and specific agreements, declarations and signed agreements on the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions will be taken. The present lectures show that in recent years the warming process of the Earth's climate has accelerated significantly and therefore, in the black scenario of future climate changes, the temperature on the Earth's surface can rise by 4 ° C to the end of the 21st century. If this happened, then the scale of climate-related cataclysms that are dangerous to humans, including droughts, floods, fires and weather anomalies in many places around the world, will increase many times. The problem is very serious globally and therefore a lot depends on whether international cooperation will develop in order to limit these problems and their negative effects.

In view of the above, I would like to ask you: Should you think that international cooperation should increase to reduce greenhouse gas emissions on Earth? In addition, another key question arises: how much of this international cooperation is possible, to what extent will real and effective measures be undertaken on the basis of the discussions and declarations undertaken to reduce greenhouse gases?

Please reply. I invite you to the discussion

Data source: http://cop24.katowice.eu

Do multinational corporations and financial institutions, including banks and investment funds, play a significant role in generating globalization processes?

In recent years, the importance of supranational large corporations and financial institutions, including banks and investment funds, has been growing.

These large industrial, service, commercial and financial corporations are a particularly important factor in contemporary globalization processes. If such large corporations operate cross-border, cross-border in many countries, including small economies, generate negative processes of globalization, then in these countries reverse and deglobalization processes may appear.

Deglobalization, ie the reverse process to globalization, is taking place most strongly in those economic regions in which globalization processes generate many negative aspects.

In view of the above, I would like to ask you: Do multinational corporations and financial institutions, including banks and investment funds, play a significant role in generating globalization processes?

Please, answer, comments. I invite you to the discussion.

COVID-19 pandemic has thrown open a plethora of questions regarding countries preparedness for handling crisis at the national level. This pandemic has also brought a lot of issues, be it political, social, economic and personal to fore.

How has this pandemic made you a question, realize, contemplate, introspect in various areas, be it in global or personal front?

Will the world be a better or worse place to live post this pandemic?

Please share your views, opinions, suggestions, case studies etc.

Thank you.

The progressive global warming process in many ways adversely affects the ecosystems of the seas and oceans. In addition, the growing scale of pollution, waste, including plastic waste and many other toxic, non-biodegradable, contributes to adverse changes in many areas, sea zones and assessments, as well as biological depletion of biodiversity of ecosystems. The scale of this depletion is already beginning to be noticeable also for people in some areas of the sea, in which the number of fished fish is decreasing.

In addition, the rising temperature of the seas and oceans, which will be a derivative of the global warmning process, causes changes in ocean currents, which causes the appearance of new weather anomalies and climatic disasters also in land areas inhabited by people. Until recently, it was thought that seas and assessments, due to their high volume potential for land surfaces, would act as a kind of buffer factor for the global warming process. However, it turns out that the seas and oceans are unlikely to play the role of a buffer factor, they will only quickly undergo the global warmnig process and in this way may also become another factor strengthening the scale of increasingly occurring weather anomalies and climatic cataclysms.

Do you agree with me on the above matter?

In the context of the above issues, I am asking you the following question:

Please reply

I invite you to the discussion

In connection with the warming of the Earth's climate, progressive global warming, some areas located in the sub-tropical zone in the future will not be fit for existence, and the migration processes of the population will be intensified.

Do you agree with my opinion?

Please reply

Best wishes

When the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus pandemic expires, what key problems in the development of civilization will become the priority for solving them as soon as possible? What major global problems should be addressed now, apart from the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus pandemic? Probably thanks to the efficiently conducted programs of vaccination of citizens against the Coronavirus, the problem of the pandemic should gradually decrease from the middle of this year 2021. Perhaps thanks to the vaccination of the majority of citizens, a high level of social, collective immunity will be achieved. Perhaps in the fall of 2021 the scale of the pandemic will drop to such a low level that no lockouts will be introduced on selected sectors and branches of the economy. When the current health crisis caused by the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus pandemic is resolved, what problems in the development of civilization in the 21st century should become the key to solving them as soon as possible? When the pandemic health crisis is resolved, what global problems of humanity and planet Earth in the 21st century should science address? Is the growing risk of the climate crisis, which may appear as early as the end of the 21st century as a result of the continued emission of greenhouse gases, which are the source of the ongoing global warming process, the greatest threat to the biosphere of planet Earth and to humans? Is it crucial to achieve global climate neutrality by 2050? Will the key problems include reducing the level of environmental pollution, improving waste management, improving waste segregation and recycling techniques, reducing the scale of extinction of flora and fauna species, protecting pollinating insects, improving drinking water saving systems, developing renewable energy sources, developing sustainable ecological agriculture , development of electromobility and improvement of technology of engines powered by hydrogen combustion with oxygen using in land, sea and air transport, improvement of systems of protection of forests against fires and agricultural fields against drought and aridosis, protection of forests and green areas against devastation and logging, development of programs afforestation of civilization degraded areas? Can increasing the efficiency of solving global problems be achieved through the use of constantly developed and improved technology of artificial intelligence? Can the solution to some of the global problems of mankind be achieved through the development of space exploration technology? Can the development of biotechnology, genetics, molecular biology solve the serious problems of food shortage and hunger in many countries? In what application areas can the development of nanotechnology, ICT information technology, and Industry 4.0 technology contribute to solving key problems of the development of civilization? The development of what technologies can be helpful in the protection of the climate and the biosphere of planet Earth? How important is the protection of biodiversity of natural ecosystems in the context of solving global problems and the potential significant deterioration of the living conditions of subsequent generations of people? What do you think global issues should be tackled first when the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) pandemic is over? In what areas of economic and scientific development should the financial outlays be increased? What kind of innovative technological solutions should be developed?

What do you think about it? What is your opinion on this topic?

Please reply

I described the various global problems that may continue to unfold in the years following the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus pandemic in my article published in late December 2021. I am providing a link to this article:

I invite all those who study this subject to research cooperation.

Greetings,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Ecological innovations should contribute to accelerating the process of a global change in the strategy of civilization development towards sustainable ecological and socio-economic development. In the context of increasing greenhouse gas emissions, the ongoing global warming process, growing environmental pollution and the devastation of many environments and natural ecosystems, it is necessary to stimulate the development of eco-innovation and pro-ecological reforms in economic processes to implement sustainable economic and environmental friendly socio-economic development based on green economy concept.

Yes, it is necessary to change the development strategy based on intensifying the exploitation of the Earth's resources on the sustainable development strategy. It is necessary to develop new energy technologies based on renewable energy sources to slow down the progressing greenhouse effect of the Earth in order to reduce the risk of dramatic natural cataclysms. It is necessary to develop ecological innovations, while it may not be too late. It is necessary to save the Earth by extinction for future generations.

The 21st century is the last moment to introduce global sustainable development based on the development of renewable energy and ecological innovations. Sustainable development should be analyzed and measured in correlation with the analysis of economic growth and the share of individual sectors in the country's economic development, including the transformation of traditional energy sources into renewable energy, environmental reclamation and recovery of recyclable materials, and ecological innovations.

Do you agree with my opinion on this matter?

In view of the above, I am asking you the following question:

Please reply

I invite you to the discussion

Thank you very much for your response and participation in the discussion

Best wishes

I'm halfway through writing a bachelor's thesis that focuses on the topic of corporate power.

Nowadays, the strength and power of large concerns is still undeniable. There are over 64,000 major transnational corporations in the world. International corporations have grown in strength over the past 20–30 years. Dictating conditions to states when their policies threaten the interests of corporations is no longer a surprise. This is perfectly illustrated by the example of Nissan, where Carlos Ghosn, the company's president, announced that if the United Kingdom leaves the European Union, all their investments in the British Isles will be suspended.

Changing the position of the state on the international arena under the influence of globalization processes, the consequences of the increasing role of non-state actors - a state which 50 years ago was the basic and strongest subject of international relations inevitably loses its privileged position.

How corporations use their advantage to influence state policy?

Each opinion and recommendation of noteworthy articles will be gold for me. If you have time to share your opinion with me I will be extremely grateful to you.

Humanity has reportedly only had a decade of time for the necessary changes in the energy sector to avoid a global climatic catastrophe

Much has to change in consumer awareness, business must change and different social groups should force policies and change legal regulations. It is necessary to develop co-financing of investment projects in the field of renewable energy sources by the state from public funds. In addition, businesses must see this business. The development of renewable energy sources should be profitable, and it is not because it is cheaper to mine minerals, to devastate the natural environment. It is cheap to run classic energy based on mineral combustion because this classic energy and mining industry of hard and brown coal, oil refinery industry, automotive industry of vehicles equipped with internal combustion engines etc. is not burdened with the costs of natural environment devastation, costs of treatment of people who suffer from due to poor air, smog and no negative effects of global warming. If the mining, energy, processing and automotive industries were burdened with these costs, then it would not be worthwhile to devastate and pollute the natural environment. Then it would be more profitable to develop energy and industry based on renewable energy sources. Inventions of electricity have over 100 years of history. 100 years ago, electric cars should be produced, but the oil business this scenario of more sustainable development has crossed out. Therefore, for over 100 years, archaic energy based on the burning of minerals has been developed. During these 100 years, the average temperature of the Earth's surface has increased by 1 degree ° C. From specific scientific studies, it appears that humanity is only 12 years left to make the necessary changes, to switch energy and industry to renewable energy sources and the automotive industry to electromobility, to reduce poor quality of stoves and domestic ovens, on the development of large and small, home solar, wind and other power plants. At the same time, investment projects in renewable energy sources should be widely developed and entire economies should switch to sustainable pro-ecological development according to the concept of a green, new economy. If during this time these changes are not implemented then the average temperature of the Earth until 2030 will increase by another min. 1 degree ° C and then in the following years the greenhouse effect will accelerate and the problem of global warming will become an irreversible process, which will mean the widespread apocalyptic climate disasters covering most of the Earth's surface before the end of the 21st century.

In view of the above, the current question is: Can we still avoid a global climatic catastrophe and what should be done to avoid it?

Please, answer, comments. I invite you to the discussion.

The key issues of solving global problems related to climate change, the progressing global warming process, and the increasing scale of environmental pollution have often been recognized as priorities in the 21st century. I conduct research on various aspects, conditions and determinants of the pro-environmental transformation of the economy. The analysis of many scientific data shows that the process of global warming is accelerating and therefore it is urgent to carry out the pro-environmental transformation of the classic growth, brown, linear surplus economy into a sustainable, green, zero-emission economy of zero growth and a circular economy. The results of my research on significant issues of the pro-environmental transformation of the economy, the implementation of sustainable development goals, conditions for the development of a green circular economy, etc., are described in the following publications:

Researchers and scientists interested in the issues of this discussion are invited to scientific cooperation on this issue important for the future development of civilization.

Thank you very much,

Best regards,

Dariusz

How to judge the correctness of the obtained information related to COVID-19 and how reliable are the various online sources of this information?!

What should/not we trust?! where to get information!?

What are the advantages of conducting research in international research teams?

Please, answer, comments.

I invite you to the discussion.

Best wishes

There is always a dynamic balance in nature, be it homeostasis in local ecosystem to the grand scale of global homeostasis. Human is interfering with the working of nature and tending to destabilizing the feedback systems. Still it can maintain the balance and resistance and resilience stability within limits. By to what extent? We have now some  estimates of certain tipping points. Does it tell the whole story? Does it take into account all the aspects of nature's structural integrity and functional diversity and stability?

Science has been developing for centuries and poverty existed and still exists. When the classical economy began to develop in the 18th century, scientific concepts appeared that suggested that as a result of the development of the market economy economic prosperity would grow and income inequality would decrease, also in the international area.

Unfortunately, over 200 years have passed and the income diversification has increased and the scale of poverty in many countries is growing. Poverty is currently determined by various economic, economic and political factors, etc. The development of information, IT and Internet technologies, new production solutions and innovations creates new categories of added value of manufacturing processes.

Technology, information, knowledge, and innovation are categories of production factors whose importance is growing in production processes. Technological development should reduce the scale of poverty, but time will show to what extent this positive process will work. On the other hand, other instruments should also be developed, poverty reduction programs by increasing the support of the richest countries for the poorest.

In addition, in the 21st century there are many important economic problems to solve, so as to develop sustainable pro-ecological development, improve socio-economic policies, develop democratization processes, develop economic support programs for the poorest countries etc. which should reduce income disparities, technological development, etc.

Please, answer, comments.

I invite you to the discussion.

Best wishes

In our hands Drosophila Spike-in often fails to generate enough reads for a statistically relevant normalization and it is pretty expensive. This computational spike-in free method has recently been published and seems to produce similar results to the drosophila spike-in and ChIP-Rx data they benchmarked it against. Does anyone else have an opinion of this method? Any thoughts, concerns? Is anyone willing to try it against their current ChIP-seq normalization methods?

What kind of scientific research dominate in the field of globalization?

In developed countries, knowledge-based economies are characterized by the development of information services, and production processes are increasingly determined by the quality of such factors as information, technology, innovations, patents, etc. In addition, analogous standards of telecommunications, transaction, market, financial systems, etc. operate in different countries. Globalization is therefore still progressing.

In connection with the above, the communication, transactional and information aspects of globalization are characterized by a positive meaning. It is referred to as "the Earth as a" global village. "Through more and more modern communication, the global circulation of information is carried out in real time via Internet teleinformation systems.

But not all aspects of globalization have positive aspects.

Please reply. I invite you to the discussion

What kind of scientific research dominate in the field of Economic globalization?

Please, provide your suggestions for a question, problem or research thesis in the issues: Economic globalization.

Please reply.

I invite you to the discussion

Dear Friends and Colleagues of RG

The issues of globalization of financial and banking systems are described in the publications:

I invite you to discussion and cooperation.

Best wishes

The environmental policy should be synchronized internationally. There should be greater compliance and transnational cooperation on the implementation of pro-ecological reforms in the energy sector, reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and improvement of recycling processes, waste segregation and reclamation degraded by the development of the natural environment areas of the industry. Over-national institutions such as the UN, the World Bank, etc. should gain more importance in the coordination of solving global problems such as the ongoing global warming process.

Do you agree with me on the above matter?

In the context of the above issues, I am asking you the following question:

Please reply

I invite you to the discussion

Global warming affects many processes in biological ecosystems. Different species of flora and fauna change their habitats and geographical areas according to climate change and specific geographical environments. Areas of occurrence of specific species, for example insects in terrestrial areas and fish and arthropods in the seas and oceans, change. Bird habitats change, so migrations of some bird species may also be subject to modification. In the situation when forest areas dry out and turn into steppes and deserts, changes in natural habitats and areas of occurrence of species change and concern simultaneously many species of flora and fauna.

Do you agree with me on the above matter?

In the context of the above issues, I am asking you the following question:

Please reply

I invite you to the discussion

Thank you very much

Best wishes

How do you assess the processes of globalization of financial and banking systems in the context of the analysis of the sources of the global financial crisis of 2008?

Please reply

Best wishes

I am looking for land-use or land-cover data that matches all those requirements:

- global scale

- high resolution (better than 0.5°)

- with past / current data AND future projections for the CMIP5 scenarii (RCPs)

The Land Use Harmonization data (https://luh.umd.edu/index.shtml) matches those requirements (with 0.5° resolution for the CMIP5 data, 0.25° for CMIP6) but I wonder if the same kind of data exists at higher resolution.

Thank you

Regarding ECBM (Enhanced coal bed methane recovery) technology to contain global warming, CO2 is sequestered by coal seams and consequently recovered CH4 for energy use. But CH4 will be burned as an energy source and emit CO2 back into the atmosphere. I would like to see a demonstration of this. There is a theory that if all recovered CH4 was burned, there would be net storage of CO2, but I would like more references on that.

I have couple of documents like that, but not strong references about it: https://static.berkeleyearth.org/memos/fugitive-methane-and-greenhouse-warming.pdf

If anyone can help me, I'd appreciate it!

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the lives and work of researchers, causing a global change.

Hi,

I would like to know the difference between climate change and climate variability?

Cordially.

In the past, globalization processes were determined by various factors. In my opinion, the processes of information, cultural, technological, financial, economic, political globalization are currently dominating.

In view of the above, I am asking you:

In what direction do you think globalization processes should follow in the future?

Please, answer, comments.

I invite you to the discussion.

Best wishes

Water resources are the significant part of the ecological cycle which empowers the survival of all living beings on the earth system. It plays a major role in the development of the agricultural and economic efficiency, however observed to be vastly reliant on the monsoon, climate change and variability, and hence found to be substantially varying. Do you feel that there urgency to give extra attention to water resources in the changing climate? What are new water resources opportunities and challenges?

I have 5 kg (4.7 shoot and 0.3 root) total oven dried biomass of a perennial grass. How much C will be there? I have multiplied this value with 0.475 to get C value as proposed by Schlesinger WH. 1991. The global carbon cycle. Biogeochemistry, an analysis of global change. Is that all right?

With the ongoing global changes in the climate, several schools are including environment changes effects on health and disease. Are you giving a place in the curriculum to this critical area?

Dear researcher,

As an acting editor of the book ‘PCR Primer Design’ (Third edition) in the ‘Methods in Molecular Biology’ series, I would like to invite you to submit a book chapter for inclusion in the latest edition of the book ‘PCR Primer Design’.

Each chapter will appear in PubMed, Medline, and ISI Web of Knowledge. ‘Methods in Molecular Biology’ series is published by Springer Nature. Over 2,000 volumes have been published in the series to date, and a further 240 volumes are in preparation. Full details of all the Methods series can be found at Springer’s web site:

Your protocol will also be available online at Springer Protocols (www.springerprotocols.com). I am requesting you to submit your routinely used methodology in a more definitive manner, and I do not expect a comprehensive or descriptive chapter from you since this book exclusively focuses on PCR primer design protocols.

Please let me know whether you will be willing to contribute a book chapter in the next edition of ‘PCR Primer Design.’ I will then send you detailed instruction for authors, a sample book chapter, and other relevant information. The final book chapter from you will be due on March 1, 2020. This will give you plenty of time to work on the chapter.

The previous edition was edited by me. A previous edition of the book’s URL is given for your reference:

Please do not hesitate to contact me if you have any questions. Send me an email at dr.chhandak.basu@gmail.com if you are interested.

Chhandak Basu, Ph.D. Associate Professor Department of Biology California State University, Northridge 18111 Nordhoff Street Northridge, Los Angeles California 91330, USA Phone: 818-677-4592 Website: http://chhandak.weebly.com ********************************

Review editor: Frontiers in Forests and Global Change

In my opinion, these processes mostly concern or rather concern the energy market, the energy raw materials market, the market of eco-innovations, for example concerning renewable energy sources, the smart technology market, etc.

Do you agree with my opinion on this matter?

In view of the above, I am asking you the following question:

Please reply

I invite you to the discussion

Thank you very much

Best wishes

Restlessness uplift

Hello everyone, this is the first post of one unpretentious blog that I created due to impregnable unrest that has long accumulated. I really don't know if everyone feels this way, I will be very frank, as I’ll always be and I hope everyone will be too. We often bring our experiences from childhood and transform them into character, but many things that are harmful to everyone are happening, and long ago, often with a sense of obligation to be mere bystanders, long ago I heard a phrase "society is anesthetized" and always when I heard it I imagine people literally taking a forehead anesthesia. When we go through our teens we don't care about much, or, we care too much about anything, I’ll never know, but now that I'm 34 years old, with a four-year-old daughter and I see all this that has been happening on our planet I couldn't contain these any more thoughts and need to share them. We need to act before the planet is destroyed and the boat captain wants to take refuge in another, while the "useless" stay here to sink with the ship. I am in the process of training as a scientist, and as such, I am extremely concerned about the direction of the planet and I know that many feel this way too. The big companies on the planet exploit it without distinction or worry, they only need clear money, no matter how, they last no more than 100 years (so far), so if the world ends 50 years from now they are shitting. There are cycles and peculiarities of planet Earth that most don’t know. Wind, earth, fire, water, heart (the lack of the latter have caused unbridled destruction), by the union of their powers I am the captain planet, d -_- b? When you hear that in the cartoon, you just imagine that these were the elements of the planet and that were the main ones, but I didn't think of any other issues, like all of these being intrinsically connected. Forests have important roles in the environment, such as carbon fixation (CO2), oxygen release into the atmosphere (O2), regulation of the hydrological cycle and many others. Did you know that a tree literally "throws" 1000 liters of water a day into the atmosphere? Probably not. So with the few forests and hotspots that we still have on the planet, we could barely continue to sustain life for long. What happens to our forests then? How can we reverse this? What is really going on? We are "well" still in this moment of the planet, soon we will not be here and then what will happen to the next generations? It's OK if you don't care about what happens after you die, soon life is over and that's it, "it's over". But for those who care and would like their children to live on a planet with pleasant climate, where there is clean water, food without pesticides that cause countless diseases, feel invited and welcomed inside this blog, because I wish my daughter knows the plants, animals, could swim in a natural lake, eat toes and so on. Sorry for the length of the text, I decided to stop, because besides believing that I do not have the gift of writing and I am not a Pasquale, I hope they don’t have many grotesque errors in the text and that it is a monotonous text. Thank you and a hug to all, feel free to interact with them.

"As long as skin color is more important than glare in the eyes, there will be war."

to know more about it enter

Several studies on the mechanisms of acclimation in C3, C4 and CAM plants to global changes such as temperature and CO2 level fluctuations are extensively discussed. There is no distinct separation on the reported effects between the three pathways due to the involvement of many factors when studying climate change and the distribution of species in biomes of varied climate patterns; lack of data and understanding of the concepts in climate change is often cited by researchers. Though if we were to generalize a specific pathway of photosynthesis as being the most positively associated with climate change, which pathway should be considered?

To the problems resulting from the predatory economy of obtaining wood from the Amazon rainforest, nowadays we should add the more frequent drought and fires of this Amazon rainforest.

In recent years, the number of cases of weather anomalies and climate disasters caused by climate change related to the increasingly faster global warming process is growing rapidly. The increasingly faster global warming process is the result of an increase in greenhouse gas emissions emitted by industry and the energy sector producing electricity and heat based on the burning of minerals. In addition, the increase in greenhouse gas emissions is due to the development of the automotive industry also powered by burning minerals. Greenhouse gases are also emitted by agriculture, mainly livestock production carried out using traditional production technologies without complying with the principles of organic farming. In addition, the burning of rubbish, including plastics, causes greenhouse gases and toxic to humans and other forms of life chemical compounds to be released into the atmosphere. Due to the warming climate of the Earth, the consumption of electricity is growing, because the houses are installed larger refrigerators, refrigerators, air conditioners and more electronic devices enabling access to the Internet. The increase in demand for electricity causes a rapid increase in generation capacity in traditional power plants generating this energy based on traditional energy, consisting in burning increasingly larger amounts of hard coal, lignite, mazout from crude oil and other minerals.

Due to the above, a very negative effect of the progressing global warming process are more and more frequently occurring weather anomalies and climatic disasters, above all the more frequent drought causing forest fires. Increasingly larger forest fire areas cause degradation of natural environments. For example, at present (August 2019) there are forest fires of the Siberian Tundra at the Arctic Circle, fires of large areas of the Amazon rainforest, forest fires in many places in Europe and in many other places of other continents. This is another very negative effect of the more and more frequent drought and other weather anomalies being a derivative of the progressing global warming process. Droughts and fires very quickly cause impoverishment of biodiversity, soil sterility, degradation of natural environments, decline in the number of living organisms, extinction of many species of flora and fauna and other negative processes.

These fires, especially the Amazon rainforest fires in Brazil are very negative for the Earth's ecosystem due to climate change. The Amazon rainforests produce up to 20 percent of the Earth's atmosphere. oxygen. During current fires (end of August 2019), part of the Amazon rainforest with an area of 1.5 football field burns every minute. the government in Brazil has announced that it does not have the resources to counteract this problem. It does not have enough firefighters and firefighting equipment to even try to put out the fire. This is a problem not only for Brazil but for the whole world. This is a global problem. The problem of the burning enormous rainforests of the Amazon rainforest should be the subject of urgent convening of a special UN conference as soon as possible, including the participation of many other international ecological organizations, governments of many countries, internationally operating financial institutions and industrial corporations capable of providing assistance and organizing measures and necessary actions to put out the fire as soon as possible. The Amazon rainforest fire is already a serious SOS signal for the Earth, for humanity, for the lives of many species of flora and fauna that the critical point caused by the global warming process has clearly been exceeded.

Therefore, quick actions are necessary to extinguish this fire and implement in Brazil and other countries programs of systemic implementation of sustainable pro-ecological development in accordance with the green economy philosophy. It is not easy in the situation of a developing country, a country that is just developing its industry and technology in order to achieve a level of economic development similar to the level of income, equipment with technologies etc. in highly developed countries. Therefore, systematic international assistance is needed for Brazil and other developing countries, which lack funds for implementing eco-innovations and implementing ecological reforms, among others in the field of development of renewable energy sources and limiting the plundering economy of obtaining wood from the Amazon rainforest. The Amazon rainforest fires are a serious SOS signal sent by nature towards humanity. There is less and less time for the implementation of the necessary pro-ecological activities. These are no longer paraphylosophical deliberations as was thought in public opinion at the turn of the 20th century. The progressing global warming process is a fact. It is also a fact that climate change, which is unfavorable for life on Earth, is primarily the responsibility of man.