Science topic
Glioma - Science topic
Benign and malignant central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells (i.e., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymocytes). Astrocytes may give rise to astrocytomas (ASTROCYTOMA) or glioblastoma multiforme (see GLIOBLASTOMA). Oligodendrocytes give rise to oligodendrogliomas (OLIGODENDROGLIOMA) and ependymocytes may undergo transformation to become EPENDYMOMA; CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS; or colloid cysts of the third ventricle. (From Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p21)
Publications related to Glioma (10,000)
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Infant-type hemispheric glioma is a subtype of pediatric high-grade glioma that is seen among those under the age of 3-5 years and congenital infant-type hemispheric gliomas are another subtype which is seen among those under 6 months of age. The molecular features and overall survival of infant-type hemispheric gliomas are distinct from those of p...
Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors and a major source of mortality and morbidity in adults and children. Recent genomic studies have identified multiple molecular subtypes; however metabolic characterization of these tumors has thus far been limited. We performed metabolic profiling of 114 adult and pediatric primary gliomas and integ...
Background
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly vascularized, heterogeneous tumor, yet anti-angiogenic therapies have yielded limited survival benefits. The lack of validated predictive biomarkers for treatment response stratification remains a major challenge. Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase complex-interacting multicomplex proteins (AIMPs) 1/2/3 have been im...
Glioblastoma (GBM), classified as a grade IV glioma, poses a significant challenge in the medical field due to the lack of efficient early detection techniques and targeted treatment options. This review addresses this critical unmet need by evaluating the transformative potential of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) and graphene quantum dots (GQDs), alon...
Gliomas are among the most lethal cancers, with limited treatment options. To uncover hallmarks of therapeutic escape and tumor microenvironment (TME) evolution, we applied spatial proteomics, transcriptomics, and glycomics to 670 lesions from 310 adult and pediatric patients. Single-cell analysis shows high B7H3+ tumor cell prevalence in glioblast...
Objective. Glioblastoma (GBM) prognosis remains poor despite progress in radiotherapy and imaging techniques. Tumor recurrence has been attributed to the widespread tumor invasion of normal tissue. Since the complete extension of invasion is undetectable on imaging, it is not deliberately treated. To improve the treatment outcome, models have been...
D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2-HG) is an oncometabolite that accumulates due to mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 (IDH1/2). D-2-HG may be used as a surrogate marker for IDH1/2 mutant cancers, yet simple and specific methods for D-2-HG detection are limited. Here, we present the development and characterization of a genetically encoded fluore...
Background
Stereotactic radiosurgery, a minimally invasive treatment delivering high doses of radiation to a well‐defined target, has transformed interdisciplinary treatment paradigms since its inception. This study chronicles its adoption and evolution for brain cancer and tumors globally.
Methods
A systematic literature review of SRS‐focused art...
Purpose
Glioblastoma is one of the most common malignant brain tumors. To ensure a treatment that does not only lengthen survival, but also improves preservation of neurocognitive functions, reliable methods to measure changes in neurocognitive abilities at an early stage are necessary. The most direct way to objectify neurocognitive properties is...
Glioblastoma, a grade IV astrocytoma, typically has a poor prognosis, with most patients succumbing within eighteen months of diagnosis and few experiencing long-term survival. Focused ultrasound, an emerging localized therapy, has shown promising results in early-phase studies for glioblastoma by improving the uptake of temozolomide and carboplati...
Background
Transporter 2, ATP binding cassette (ABC) subfamily B member (TAP2), encodes a protein within the ABC transporter superfamily. TAP2 plays a role in the progression of cancers, such as cervical, breast, and lung cancers. However, the relationship between TAP2 and cancer prognosis, immune cell infiltration, tumor microenvironment, and immu...
Gliomas represent a fascinating contemporary challenge in the field of neuroscience. These tumours account for almost a quarter of all primary central nervous system (CNS) tumours; they are particularly intriguing because of their high-grade variant, glioblastoma, which has a particularly poor prognosis due to its aggressiveness and the adverse eff...
Glioblastoma (GBM) ranks among the most lethal primary tumors of the central nervous system. This is partly due to its complex intracellular metabolism and interactions with the surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME). Compelling evidence represents that altered amino acids (AAs) metabolism plays a crucial role in both areas. The role of AAs and t...
Background
Inferior Fronto-Occipital Fascicle (IFOF) is a multitasking connection bundle essential for communication and high level mentalization. The aim of the present study was to quantitatively assess its radiological-anatomical-morphometric modifications according to different brain tumor histotype.
Methods
A retrospective multicentric Italia...
Purpose
Multinodular and vacuolating neuronal tumor (MVNT) is a rarely diagnosed neoplastic lesion often associated with adult‐onset focal seizures. In some situations, atypical MRI features of MVNT may mimic other long-term epilepsy associated tumors (LEATs) or diffuse low-grade gliomas. In such a context, the identification of distinct clinical m...
Background
Temozolomide (TMZ) is a first-line chemotherapeutic agent for gliomas. However, its efficacy is limited by drug resistance. Platycodin D (PD) exhibits notable anti-glioma activity The objective of this study was to investigate the potential of PD to augment glioma sensitivity to TMZ and the underlying mechanisms.
Methods
Cell viability...
Radiotherapy (RT) effectiveness is limited by low DNA damage in tumor cells, surrounding tissue harm, and tumor radioresistance with active DNA repair. Herein, we have engineered a two-dimensional nanomaterial consisting of MXene nanosheets at its core, coated with gold nanorods and a cisplatin shell, and further modified with polyvinyl alcohol, re...
Low-grade gliomas are a group of brain tumors that mostly affect people in early adulthood. A glioma is a tumor that originates in glial cells. They are classified into four levels according to their level of proliferation, with grades 1 and 2 being called low-grade gliomas. In this research, an analysis focused on a mathematical model that emulate...
Background
Glioma are infiltrative primary brain tumours, which despite treatment, lead to a substantial reduction in life expectancy. Seizures are a common symptom of glioma, and have a serious impact on patient health related quality of life (HRQoL).
Objective
The study aimed to estimate health state utility values for different types of seizure...
Background: Malignant gliomas, and notably glioblastoma, are highly aggressive brain tumors. Understanding the mechanisms underlying their progression is crucial for developing more effective treatments. Recent studies have highlighted the role of microglia and brain macrophages in glioblastoma development, but the specific interactions between the...
Purpose
Alternating electric fields (AEF) therapy in addition to temozolomide chemoradiotherapy (TMZ CRT) is increasingly being recommended as first-line treatment for patients with newly-diagnosed WHO grade 4 astrocytoma. However, few have validated this treatment with real-world evidence.
Methods
Consecutive adult patients with newly-diagnosed W...
BACKGROUND
Gangliogliomas are low-grade gliomas typically found in the temporal lobes with a low rate of malignant transformation. In rare cases, they may be found in the spinal axis.
OBSERVATIONS
An 8-year-old boy presented with 2 months of neck pain and upper extremity incoordination and was found to have a cervicomedullary lesion. An occipital...
Li-Fraumeni Syndrome (LFS) is a rare hereditary cancer syndrome characterized by an increased risk of early-onset and multiple tumors across various organ systems, predominantly linked to germline TP53 mutations. While commonly associated neoplasms include sarcomas, breast cancer, and adrenocortical carcinoma, the occurrence of high-grade gliomas (...
Background
Although many studies have examined outcomes after glioma surgery, few have explored the factors driving variation in the cost-effectiveness of surgical care. In this study, we integrate granular time-driven activity-based costing (TDABC) methodology with quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) to measure the true “value” (outcomes achieved...
Gliomas located in critical brain regions, such as the motor and language areas, present significant challenges in neurosurgery due to the elevated risk of causing neurological deficits during intervention. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)-based tractography has emerged as a valuable tool for both preoperative planning and intraoperative navigation,...
BACKGROUND
Glioblastoma (GBM) with a primitive neuronal component (PNC) is a recently characterized subtype with a characteristic (epi-)genetic profile and ambiguous microscopic features mimicking a metastasis, making intraoperative diagnosis challenging.
OBSERVATIONS
A 62-year-old female presented with word-finding difficulties. MRI showed 2 cont...
Background: Intraoperative squash smear cytology is a valuable diagnostic technique for brain tumors. However, its accuracy and availability are often limited by the need for expert neuropathologists. Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), has the potential to revolutionize this diagnostic process by provid...
Brain tumors, particularly gliomas, pose a significant global health challenge, causing numerous fatalities annually. Among gliomas, glioblastoma stands out as a highly aggressive type, often resulting in severe symptoms. Accurate segmentation of brain tumors from multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data is crucial for effective diagnosis a...
Glioma, characterized by significant heterogeneity and aggressiveness, poses a formidable therapeutic challenge. Cuproptosis, a newly identified form of regulated cell death driven by copper imbalance, has recently emerged as a pivotal factor in tumor biology. However, its role in IDH1‐mutant gliomas remains poorly understood. Through comprehensive...
Background: The brain operates through networks of interconnected regions, which can be disrupted by glial tumors and their treatment. This study investigates associations between thisaltered functional network topology and cognition in gliomas.
Methods: We studied 50 adult glioma survivors (>1-year post-therapy) and 50 healthy controls. Participan...
Background
Glioma is the most common malignant primary brain tumor and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Modifiable risk factors remain unidentified. New advances in exposure assessment, genomic analyses, and statistical techniques permit more accurate evaluation of glioma risk associated with exogenous occupational or environ...
Background
The prognostic significance of miR-378 in cancers remains controversial. We carried out the meta-analysis to clarify the issue.
Methods
Related researches were obtained from PubMed, Web of Science and EMBASE. The search was conducted up until 10 September 2023. Hazard ratios (HRs) or odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs)...
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Background and purpose
The Artery of Percheron (AoP) supplying bilateral paramedian thalami and rostral midbrain is a rare anatomical variant. In the event of occlusion of AoP, a characteristic pattern of ischaemia is seen, presenting as bithalamic signal abnormality on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, this particular imaging finding has...
Lipid nanoparticles have shown success in targeting major organs such as the liver, spleen, and lungs, but crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) remains a major challenge. Effective brain-targeted delivery systems are essential for advancing gene therapy for neurological diseases but remain limited by low transport efficiency and poor nucleic acid...
Accurate, noninvasive glioma characterization is crucial for effective clinical management. Traditional methods, dependent on invasive tissue sampling, often fail to capture the spatial heterogeneity of the tumor. While deep learning has improved segmentation and molecular profiling, few approaches simultaneously integrate tumor morphology and mole...
Background: The majority of gliomas are astrocytic in nature. Gliomas have the lowest survival rate among all tumors of the central nervous system (CNS), characterized by high aggressiveness and poor response to treatment. The tumor microenvironment is a source of cytokines such as IL-6, IFN-γ, VEGF, and PDGF-BB, secreted mainly by tumor and immune...
The efficacy of T cell-activating therapies against glioma is limited by an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and tumor-induced T cell sequestration. We investigated whether peripherally infused non-antigen specific autologous lymphocytes (ALT) could accumulate in intracranial tumors. We observed that non-specific autologous CD8+ ALT cells c...
Purpose
Patients with diffuse lower-grade gliomas (LGG) often suffer from mental fatigue. In healthy subjects, mental fatigue has a negative impact on cognitive functioning. This relation may be more complex in LGG, where tumor localization and growth rate also impact brain function. Our aim was to investigate how self- and observer-reported variab...
Glioblastoma (GB) treatment, despite consisting of surgical resection paired with radiation, temozolomide chemotherapy and tumor-treating fields, yields a median survival of 15–20 months. One of the more recently appreciated hallmarks of GB aggressiveness is the co-opting of neurotransmitter signaling mechanisms that normally sustain excitatory syn...
Gliomas, a type of malignant tumor, are marked by a short survival period and an unfavorable prognosis. Disulfide stress, which arises from an overabundance of intracellular cystine, can initiate disulfidoptosis, an emerging form of cell death. The link between gliomas and disulfidoptosis has not been extensively explored. This study breaks new gro...
Objectives
To investigate the predictive value of the quantitative T2-FLAIR mismatch ratio (qT2FM) with fully automated tumor segmentation in adult-type diffuse lower-grade gliomas (LGGs).
Materials and methods
This retrospective study included 218 consecutive patients (mean age, 47 years ± 15 [SD]; 125 males) diagnosed with adult-type diffuse LGG...
We describe the design and results from the BraTS 2023 Intracranial Meningioma Segmentation Challenge. The BraTS Meningioma Challenge differed from prior BraTS Glioma challenges in that it focused on meningiomas, which are typically benign extra-axial tumors with diverse radiologic and anatomical presentation and a propensity for multiplicity. Nine...
Radiation therapy can be categorised by particle type into photon, proton and heavy ion therapies. Proton radiotherapy is highlighted due to its unique physical properties, such as the Bragg peak and minimal exit dose, which offer superior dose distribution. This makes proton radiotherapy especially advantageous for treating tumours near vital orga...
High-grade gliomas are aggressive, primary, central nervous system tumors with low survival rates due to recurrence and resistance to current therapy models. Recent studies have highlighted the importance between the interaction of glioma cancer cells and cells of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Cancer stem cells and immune cells play a critical...
Objective
Analyze the impact of ependymal invasion in high-grade gliomas (HGG) on surgical, functional outcomes, and survival rates.
Materials and methods
Retrospective, single-center, analytical study of a cohort of adult patients who underwent surgery for HGG at an Argentine center between 2013 and 2023. Patients with Grade IV supratentorial gli...
Background
Glioma, characterized by its cellular and molecular heterogeneity, presents formidable challenges in treatment strategy and prognostic assessment. The tumor microenvironment (TME) profoundly influences tumor behavior and treatment response, with tumor‐associated neutrophils (TANs) playing a complex but understudied role. This study aimed...
In evaluating brain malignancies, radiologists frequently look at several MRI sequences produced by multimodal imaging. Advanced MRI techniques that seek to correlate histological characteristics with radiological markers like cellular density or vascular structure have recently been the focus of neuro-oncology research. Currently, the most used im...
Rhenium (¹⁸⁶Re) Obisbemeda (¹⁸⁶RNL), chelated-¹⁸⁶Re encapsulated in nanoliposomes and delivered to brain tumors via convection enhanced delivery (CED), was evaluated in a Phase 1 dose escalation trial (NCT01906385). The primary objective was to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). Secondary objectives included safety and tolerability, dose d...
Background
Artificial Intelligence (AI) approaches in clinical science require extensive data preprocessing (DP) steps prior to building AI models. Establishing DP pipelines is a non-trivial task, mainly driven by purely mathematical rules and done by data scientists. Nevertheless, clinician presence shall be paramount at this step. The study propo...
Objectives: The objective of this study is to explore the potential variations in metabolic activity across gliomas originating from distinct cortical regions, as assessed by O-(2-18F-fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine positron emission tomography (18F-FET PET). Also, this study seeks to elucidate whether these metabolic disparities correlate with the molecul...
Less‐aggressive lower‐grade gliomas (LGGs) frequently transform into glioblastoma (GBM). Most previous studies of gliomas have not focused on LGG‐original high‐risk subpopulations, which may be one of the most critical hallmarks of glioma progression. In this study, LGG samples are collected to perform single‐cell sequencing (scRNA‐seq) and identif...
Glioma is the most aggressive form of brain cancer. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as a promising treatment method for glioma; however, its efficacy is often hindered by the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and the need for precise tumor cell targeting. In the present study, a facile strategy is found to enhance the penetration of the BBB and the...
Background
Determining isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation is crucial for glioma clinical management. MR diffusion-derived ‘vessel density’ (DDVD) offers non-invasive tissue perfusion evaluation within the tumor microenvironment. The study attempts to distinguish IDH genotypes of diffuse gliomas using DDVD in whole tumor parenchyma and its habi...
Purpose
Guidelines recommend early palliative care for patients with cancer, including high grade glioma (HGG), but referrals to palliative care are often delayed. Our study aimed to describe characteristics and outcomes of patients with HGG with a first unscheduled hospitalization, and assess if it should trigger palliative care referral.
Methods...
Gliomas are brain tumours that stand out for their highly lethal and aggressive nature, which demands a precise approach in their diagnosis. Medical image segmentation plays a crucial role in the evaluation and follow-up of these tumours, allowing specialists to analyse their morphology. However, existing methods for automatic glioma segmentation o...
Background
The tumor microenvironment plays a crucial role in the progression of both glioma and glioma-induced autoimmune encephalitis. However, there remains a significant lack of effective therapeutic targets for these diseases.
Method
We collected 54 CT images of glioma patients and 54 glioma-induced autoimmune encephalitis patients, respectiv...
Purpose
Extra-central nervous system metastasis (ECM) from glioblastoma and other high-grade gliomas (HGGs) is exceedingly rare, likely due to central nervous system barriers and the short overall survival (OS) in HGG patients, limiting the timeframe for metastasis. Improved treatments have extended survival, potentially increasing ECM incidence, t...
A healthy brain is vital to every person since the brain controls every movement and emotion. Sometimes, some brain cells grow unexpectedly to be uncontrollable and cancerous. These cancerous cells are called brain tumors. For diagnosed patients, their lives depend mainly on the early diagnosis of these tumors to provide suitable treatment plans. N...
Background: Accurate classification of brain tumors in medical images is vital for effective diagnosis and treatment planning, which improves the patient’s survival rate. In this paper, we investigate the application of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) as a powerful tool for enhancing diagnostic accuracy using a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)...
Background
Pregnancy’s impact on cancer has been understudied throughout the literature. The current authoritative cancer database in the US, NCI’s SEER database, tracks nearly all aspects of cancer care however has no provision to track pregnancy. Consequently, there are no systematic evidence based clinical guidelines available for this vulnerabl...
Background
Member of the driver protein family 18B (KIF18B) is a potential prognostic marker and is highly expressed in a variety of cancers. However, its function in glioblastoma (GBM) remains unclear.
Methods
The expression data of KIF18B were obtained by accessing TCGA, CGGA and GEPIA databases, and verified by Western blot assay and immunohist...
MRI is the preferred method for follow-up imaging of post-treatment WHO grade 3 or 4 gliomas. While positron emission tomography with O-(2-[¹⁸F]fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine) (¹⁸F-FET PET) offers higher diagnostic accuracy, its use is limited due to low availability. We propose a sequential, threshold-based workflow to triage patients for additional ¹⁸F-...
Malignant glioma is a highly aggressive, therapeutically non-responsive, and deadly disease with a unique tumor microenvironment (TME). Of the 14 currently recognized and described cancer hallmarks, five are especially implicated in malignant glioma and targetable with repurposed drugs: cancer stem-like cells, in general, and glioma stem-like cells...
Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors in adults. However, glioblastoma is especially difficult to treat despite advancements in treatment. Therefore, new and more effective treatments are needed. The endothelial glycocalyx covers the luminal surface of the endothelium and plays an important role in vascular homeostasis. Tumor blood vesse...
Background
Recurrence after resection is a major factor in poor prognosis for grade 2 and 3 gliomas. The effect of Supratotal Resection (STR) on recurrence timing remains debated. This meta-analysis examines overall survival (OS) and tumor progression in grade 2 and 3 gliomas after supratotal resection.
Methods
Studies on patients with grade II an...
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive and common type of primary malignant brain cancer in adults. GBM often recurs locally near the resection cavity (RC) following the surgical removal of primary tumors. Recent research has reported that neural stem cells (NSCs) in the subventricular zone (SVZ) harboring cancer-driving mutations serve as the c...
We aimed to predict CD44 expression and assess its prognostic significance in patients with high-grade gliomas (HGG) using non-invasive radiomics models based on machine learning. Enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, along with the corresponding gene expression and clinicopathological data, was downloaded from online database. Kaplan–Meier survival...
BACKGROUND
Glioblastoma (GBM) is known for its significant intratumoral heterogeneity, making biopsies susceptible to underdiagnosis if samples are taken from less malignant regions. [ ¹⁸ F]Fluciclovine, a novel PET tracer, has demonstrated high accumulation in glioma tissue, with minimal uptake in normal brain tissue.
OBSERVATIONS
A 50-year-old w...
Background/Aim: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant hereditary tumor predisposition syndrome. In approximately 30% of cases, plexiform neurofibromas (PNFs) are identified, which are precursor lesions for malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs). MPNST is a major cause of the reduced life expectancy of NF1 patients. Case...
BACKGROUND
Advances in cancer genome analysis technology have made individual cancer genome profiling (CGP) possible. CGP can indicate the presence of hereditary tumors, which are caused by germline pathogenic variants in oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes; if a hereditary tumor is suspected, multigene panel testing (MGPT) is performed. Genomic me...
This study addresses the challenge in identifying and preserving higher-order cognitive functions within a complex dynamic systems framework during neurosurgery. Traditionally, neurosurgical practice has prioritized avoiding language and motor deficits, while higher-order functions—such as social cognition and executive processes—remain underexplor...
SLC25A13, a pivotal component of the mitochondrial aspartate-glutamate carrier, is integral to cellular metabolism and has been linked to various diseases. However, its role in cancer biology remains largely unexplored. In this study, we employed multi-omics data to elucidate the genetic landscape, expression profile, and prognostic value of SLC25A...
Background/Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI), neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI), and diffusion microstructure imaging (DMI) in differentiating molecular subtypes of adult-type gliomas. Methods: Standardized MRI was performed and evaluated in 59 patients...
Myxopapillary ependymoma is comparatively uncommon lesion of spinal canal with relatively characteristic location and MR imaging features. These lesions are a unique subtype of glioma that develops in the area of the filum terminale and conus medullaris, was first reported by Kernohan in 1932. Despite being slow-growing and generally benign, MPE ha...
Introduction
Chlorophyllin (CHL) effectively decreases the side effects of radiotherapy (RT) by scavenging radiation‐induced free radicals and reactive oxygen species in preclinical trials. This study aims to assess the efficacy of oral CHL for the treatment of brain radionecrosis in patients with diffuse glioma.
Methods
This is a phase 2 trial pr...
The oxygen dissociation (sigmoid) curve indicates the pattern in which oxygen is used up by the tissues of the body. An increase in affinity of oxygen to hemoglobin could lead to alkalosis, low temperature, etc. Whereas low affinity of oxygen to hemoglobin will result in oxygen availability to the tissues of the body, e.g., increased 2,3BPG, acidos...
Background
Glioma recurrence can be divided into in situ recurrence and non‐in situ recurrence, and the mutation evolution of gliomas with different recurrence patterns is still unknown. We used sequential sequencing of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) to compare the somatic mutation profile and clonal evolution of gliomas with different recurrence pa...
Glioblastoma (GBM) originates from cancerous cells of the central nervous system (CNS) in the brain and spinal cord, and is the most common malignant primary tumor in brain tumors, with a high degree of aggressiveness and resistance to treatment, accounting for 48.6% of CNS malignant tumors. Although metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been widely...
Among primary brain tumors, glioma has one of the highest fatality rates. Routine chemotherapy often faces off-target drug loss and sub-optimal drug availability at brain tissue. The present study aims at the development of transferrin-conjugated gemcitabine loaded poly (lactic co glycolic acid) nanoparticles (Tf-GB-PLGA-NPs) targeted strategy for...
Accurate classification of brain tumors is crucial for informing clinical diagnoses and guiding patient treatment plans. It is one of the most aggressive tumors, leading to a short life expectancy. However, the classification of brain tumors is a challenging task due to the heterogeneity, complexity, and variability of brain tumors. In this work, w...
Background
Glioma, the most common malignant tumor of the central nervous system, has a high postoperative recurrence rate. While Ciprofol is widely used as an anesthetic, its therapeutic potential in glioma treatment remains largely unexplored.
Methods
Glioma T98G cells were treated with varying concentrations of Ciprofol to assess proliferation,...
Background: Oligodendrogliomas are a molecularly distinct subtype of glioma according to the WHO 2021 tumor classification, defined as isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutations and 1p/19q co-deletion. This updated classification has changed the approach to glioma management by emphasizing the critical role of molecular diagnostics. This study explor...
Background and Purpose: Glioma segmentation is crucial for clinical decisions and treatment planning. Uncertainty quantification methods, including conformal prediction (CP), can enhance segmentation models reliability. This study aims to use CP in glioma segmentation. Methods: We used the UCSF and UPenn glioma datasets, with the UCSF dataset split...
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Pretraining has laid the foundation for the recent success of deep learning in multimodal medical image analysis. However, existing methods often overlook the semantic structure embedded in modality-specific representations, and supervised pretraining requires a carefully designed, time-consuming two-stage annotation process. To address this, we pr...
The gut microbiome, a diverse community of microorganisms in the human body, plays an important role in maintaining health and influences various processes such as digestion, immunity, and protection against pathogens. A person's unique gut microbiome, shaped by factors such as birth method, diet, antibiotics, and lifestyle, contributes to bodily f...
Objective
To examine whether MRI with routine gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA) administration in the long-term surveillance of adult-type diffuse glioma identifies tumour progression earlier than T2-weighted (T2w) and/or T2w fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) MRI only.
Materials and methods
In this longitudinal retrospective multice...
Purpose
The impact of exosome-mediated communication between glioblastoma and microglia on the formation of an immunosuppressive microenvironment remains to be explored. Tumor-associated macrophages are more likely to adopt an M2-like phenotype within the immunosuppressive environment. Here, we investigate the molecular mechanisms by which glioblas...
Glioblastoma, aggressive primary brain tumors with a dismal prognosis, promote the recruitment of microglia, brain resident innate immune cells, and ultimately their activation toward a tumor-supportive phenotype that increases gliomal proliferation and invasion capability. Here, we report that upon stimulation by glioma cells, microglia transit vi...
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a key role in cancer progression and antitumor therapy. Glioblastoma is a highly heterogeneous tumor with different cell populations exhibiting various redox statuses. Elevated ROS levels in cancer cells promote tumor growth and simultaneously make them more sensitive to anticancer drugs, but further elevation lea...
Tumor otak disebabkan dengan pertumbuhan sel otak yang abnormal pada jaringan otak yang menyebabkan kematian bagi pria dan wanita. Identifikasi tumor otak umumnya dilakukan dengan metode biopsi oleh dokter selama 10 hingga 15 hari. Namun, pendekatan modern diperlukan untuk menekan waktu dalam identifikasi tumor otak dengan teknologi deep learning....
Health is fundamental to human well-being, with brain health particularly critical for cognitive functions. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) serves as a cornerstone in diagnosing brain health issues, providing essential data for healthcare decisions. These images represent vast datasets that are increasingly harnessed by deep learning for high-perf...
Introduction
A brain tumor is a collection of abnormal cells in the brain that can become life-threatening due to its ability to spread. Therefore, a prompt and meticulous classification of the brain tumor is an essential element in healthcare care. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is the central resource for producing high-quality images of soft t...
Introduction
Congenital hydrocephalus is an increasing condition both in high as in low and middle income countries. Main causes include aqueductal stenosis, neonatal central nervous system infections, intracranial hemorrhage, malformations and tumors. Investigation of its etiology should include magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to detect especiall...
Gliomas are the most common intracranial tumors characterized by highly malignant behavior. In addition to genetic and epigenetic mutations, the unique cancer microenvironment (CME) plays a pivotal role in glioma progression and resistance to therapy. Among the critical factors in the glioma CME, amino acid metabolism stands out for its significant...
Gliomas, particularly glioblastoma (GBM), are among the most challenging brain tumors due to their complex and dynamic tumor microenvironment (TME). The TME plays a pivotal role in tumor progression, immune evasion, and resistance to therapy through intricate interactions among glioma cells, immune components, neurons, astrocytes, the extracellular...
