Gender History - Science topic

Hi,

Here are a few references which could be of help to you:

Parkinson P. Gender dysphoria and the controversy over the Safe Schools program. Sex Health. 2017 Oct;14(5):417-422. doi: 10.1071/SH17014.

Haley SG, Tordoff DM, Kantor AZ, Crouch JM, Ahrens KR. Sex Education for Transgender and Non-Binary Youth: Previous Experiences and Recommended Content. J Sex Med. 2019 Nov;16(11):1834-1848. doi: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2019.08.009

Butler G, De Graaf N, Wren B, Carmichael P. Assessment and support of children and adolescents with gender dysphoria. Arch Dis Child. 2018 Jul;103(7):631-636. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2018-314992

Stynes H, Lane C, Pearson B, Wright T, Ranieri V, Masic U, Kennedy E. Gender identity development in children and young people: A systematic review of longitudinal studies. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2021 Jul;26(3):706-719. doi: 10.1177/13591045211002620

Helyar S, Jackson L, Patrick L, Hill A, Ion R. Gender Dysphoria in children and young people: The implications for clinical staff of the Bell V's Tavistock Judicial Review and Appeal Ruling. J Clin Nurs. 2022 May;31(9-10):e11-e13. doi: 10.1111/jocn.16164

Lopez X, Stewart S, Jacobson-Dickman E. Approach to Children and Adolescents with Gender Dysphoria. Pediatr Rev. 2016 Mar;37(3):89-96; quiz 97-8. doi: 10.1542/pir.2015-0032

Aitken M, VanderLaan DP, Wasserman L, Stojanovski S, Zucker KJ. Self-Harm and Suicidality in Children Referred for Gender Dysphoria. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2016 Jun;55(6):513-20. doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2016.04.001

Sievert ED, Schweizer K, Barkmann C, Fahrenkrug S, Becker-Hebly I. Not social transition status, but peer relations and family functioning predict psychological functioning in a German clinical sample of children with Gender Dysphoria. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2021 Jan;26(1):79-95. doi: 10.1177/1359104520964530

Reilly M, Desousa V, Garza-Flores A, Perrin EC. Young Children With Gender Nonconforming Behaviors and Preferences. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2019 Jan;40(1):60-71. doi: 10.1097/DBP.0000000000000612

Hi,

Categorical variables as I.Vs can be converted into dummy variables and studied.

Not exactly on the topic of the question, but if interested some literature on gender relations are available in my book.

The classic answer to this question is in Linda Nochlin's 1971 article, "Why Have There Been No Great Women Artists." Definitely read this if you genuinely are interested in the question. 

Willy,

Art history education should touch upon all types of art from all over the world. More in-depth studies of specific art styles and regions can be offered later, but Art 101 should introduce the student to art in all its forms.

Gender has always is a crucial factor in presidential politics because for decades presidential campaigns have become the center stage for  manhood, a quadrennial referendum on what type of man—or one day, woman—embodies not only the  ideological beliefs, but the very identity of any nation. Every year in every country the Presidential debate offers a fresh approach to understanding the role of identity politics in presidential campaigns. Even when examining popular discourse and attacks on the masculinity of some candidates or the fears of appearing weak and vulnerable end up shaping candidates’ actual policy positions, how the terrorist attacks in parts of the world shape presidential debates attacks, campaigns have pushed candidates to assume an increasingly hypermasculine posture. Though the stage is context-specific. In the American sense candidates are assuming we are witnessing , or the historic quality of Hillary Clinton’s runs for the presidency a paradigm shift in how to understand the very nature of the American presidency

Did you try Wikipedia?

Koreans in Vietnam

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

 

 

Koreans in Vietnam

Total population

83,640 (2011)[1]

Regions with significant populations

Ho Chi Minh City

53,000[1]

Đồng Nai Province

10,000[1]

Bình Dương Province

8,000[1]

Hanoi

6,300[1]

Related ethnic groups

Korean diaspora

Koreans in Vietnam is a community of Vietnam with a population of Korean expatriates along withVietnamese citizens of Korean ancestry. The population initially came in a military capacity, fighting on both sides of the Vietnam War. After the end of the war, there was little Korean migration or tourism in Vietnam, until the rise of the South Korean economy and the decline of the North resulted in an influx of South Korean investors and North Korean defectors, as well as South Korean men seeking Vietnamese wives.[2][3] As of 2011, according to statistics of South Korea's Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade, they numbered roughly eighty thousand people, making them the second-largest Korean diaspora community in Southeast Asia, after the Korean community in the Philippines, and the tenth-largest in the world.[1] A more recent estimate from Vietnam Television says their population might be as large as 130,000.[4]

Contents

 [hide] 

1Vietnam War

2Post-war migration2.1South Koreans

2.2North Koreans

3Education

4International marriage

5See also

6References

7External links

 

Vietnam War[edit]

 

The areas of responsibility of the South Korean army in Vietnam as of December 1966

Both North and South Korea lent material and manpower support to their respective ideological allies during theVietnam War, though the number of South Korean troops on the ground was larger.[5] Then-South Korean president Syngman Rhee had offered to send troops to Vietnam as early as 1954, but his proposal was turned down by the U.S. Department of State; the first South Korean personnel to land in Vietnam, 10 years later, were non-combatants: ten Taekwondo instructors, along with thirty-four officers and ninety-six enlisted men of a Korean Army hospital unit.[6] In total, between 1965 and 1973, 312,853 South Korean soldiers fought in Vietnam; According to Korean sources, they killed 41,400 North Vietnamese Army soldiers and 5,000 civilians.[5] South Korean troops were hampered by their lack of command of any of the major languages in the country or among their allies. They were also accused of war atrocities, and are known to have left behind thousands of children of mixed Korean and Vietnamese descent.[7]

As a result of a decision of the Korean Workers' Party in October 1966, in early 1967 North Korea sent a fighter squadron to North Vietnam to back up the North Vietnamese 921st and 923rd fighter squadrons defending Hanoi. They stayed through 1968; 200 pilots were reported to have served.[8] In addition, at least two anti-aircraft artillery regiments were sent as well.[9]

Post-war migration[edit]

South Koreans[edit]

Four years after the 1992 normalisation of diplomatic ties, South Korean trade and investment in Vietnam grew rapidly.[2][10] Following along with the investment funds, the South Korean expatriate community in Vietnam has grown significantly. According to Chang Keun Lee of the Korean Chamber of Commerce and Industry in Vietnam, Koreans formed the country's second-largest group of expatriates, with only the Taiwanese expatriate community being larger; he estimated that half lived in Ho Chi Minh City.[10] Statistics from South Korea's Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade show that their population has grown by nearly fifty times in little more than a decade. Their population more than trebled from 1,788 in 1997 to 6,226 in 2003, then jumped to more than thirteen times that size—84,566—by just six years later. However, in the two years after that, the population would only grow by a further 4% to 88,120.[11][1] Some anti-Korean sentiment also exists, fueled by decreases in promised investment, reports of poor treatment faced by Vietnamese migrants in South Korea, and the 2008 murder of a Hanoi National University student by her South Korean boyfriend.[12]

South Koreans have established a number of community organisations in Vietnam, including Koviet, a group for second-generation Korean youth raised in Vietnam, founded in 1995[13]

North Koreans[edit]

 

North Korean defectors often pass through Vietnam on their way to South Korea.

Before 2004, thousands of North Korean defectors had crossed Vietnam's northern border to find the way to reach South Korea. Until 2004, Vietnam was described as the "preferred Southeast Asian escape route" for North Korean defectors, largely due to its less-mountainous terrain. Though Vietnam remains an officially communist country and maintains diplomatic relations with North Korea, growing South Korean investment in Vietnam has prompted Hanoi to quietly permit the transit of North Korean refugees to Seoul. The increased South Korean presence in the country also proved a magnet for defectors; four of the biggest defector safehouses in Vietnam were run by South Korean expatriates, and many defectors indicated that they chose to try to cross the border from China into Vietnam precisely because they had heard about such safehouses.[3] In July 2004, 468 North Korean refugees were airlifted to South Korea in the single largest mass defection; Vietnam initially tried to keep their role in the airlift secret, and in advance of the deal, even anonymous sources in the South Korean government would only tell reporters that the defectors came from "an unidentified Asian country".[14] Following the airlift, Vietnam would tighten up border controls and deport several safe-house operators.[3]

Education[edit]

Vietnam's first school for South Korean nationals, the weekend Hanoi Hangul School, was founded on 1 March 1996, enrolling 122 students at the kindergarten through middle school levels; two Korean international schools offering a full-day programme were also later established, the Korean International School, HCMC in Ho Chi Minh City (founded 4 August 1998, enrolling 745 students at the kindergarten through high school levels); andHanoi Korean International School (ko), a smaller school in Hanoi (founded 13 July 2006, with 63 elementary-level students).[15][16][17] Prior to the opening of the Korean international school in Hanoi, most Korean families in Hanoi sent their children to local schools, as the other international schools were too expensive.[18][19]

Lee Seon-hui (이선희) is the first foreigner who obtained the Vietnamese legal license.[20]

International marriage[edit]

South Korean men started seeking wives in Vietnam. Two to three thousand South Korean marriage agencies were created which specialise in making such matches. Though in the 1990s, most were farmers, an increasing number of urban men have also resorted to arranging marriages through international matchmaking agencies; they cite the difficulty faced by uneducated men or those with low incomes in attracting South Korean women to marry them.[21] As of 2006, as many as 3,000 Vietnamese brides left with new South Korean husbands every year.[10]

See also[edit]

Lai Daihan

Vietnamese people in Korea

References[edit]

^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g 《재외동포 본문(지역별 상세)》, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade, 2011-07-15, p. 76, retrieved 2012-02-25

^ Jump up to:a b Balfour, Frederik (1996-09-16), "Vietnam a Strategic Choice",International Herald Tribune, archived from the original on 2007-06-14, retrieved 2007-03-27

^ Jump up to:a b c Perilous Journeys; The Plight of North Koreans in China and Beyond (PDF), The Nautilus Institute, 2006-10-26, archived from the original (PDF) on September 27, 2007, retrieved 2007-03-27

Jump up^ "Việt Nam: Tâm điểm hợp tác của Hàn Quốc hướng ra châu Á", Vietnam Television, 2012-12-23, retrieved 2013-06-24

^ Jump up to:a b Ku, Su-Jeong (1999-09-02), "The secret tragedy of Vietnam", The Hankyoreh, retrieved 2007-03-27

Jump up^ Larsen, Stanley Robert; Collins, James Lawton Jr. (1985) [1975], Vietnam Studies: Allied Participation in Vietnam, Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History, CMH Pub 90-5, retrieved 2007-03-27

Jump up^ Kagan, Richard C. (October 2000), "Disarming Memories: Japanese, Korean, and American Literature on the Vietnam War", Critical Asian Studies 32 (4), retrieved 2008-12-02

Jump up^ Bennett, Richard M. (2006-08-18), "Missiles and madness", Asia Times, retrieved 2007-03-27

Jump up^ Pribbenow, Merle (2003), "The 'Ology War: technology and ideology in the Vietnamese defense of Hanoi, 1967", Journal of Military History 67 (1): 183,doi:10.1353/jmh.2003.0066

^ Jump up to:a b c Kelly, Tim (2006-09-18), "Ho Chi Minh Money Trail", Forbes, retrieved 2007-03-27

Jump up^ 재외동포현황 - 아시아 (Status of overseas compatriots - Asia), Overseas Korean Foundation, 2005, retrieved 2008-09-10

Jump up^ Kim, Tae-jong (2008-10-09), "Korean Nabbed for Killing Vietnamese Girlfriend", Korea Times, retrieved 2010-01-24

Jump up^ "베트남 한인2세 후원단체 KOVIET 3주년 기념행사", Munhwa Ilbo, 1998-07-16, retrieved 2010-01-24

Jump up^ "Hundreds of North Koreans to enter South, reports say", Associated Press, 2004-07-23, retrieved 2007-03-27

Jump up^ "Overseas Korean Educational Institutions: 하노이한글학교". National Institute for International Education Development, Republic of Korea. 2007. Archived from the original on May 31, 2004. Retrieved 2007-05-15.

Jump up^ "호치민시한국학교", Overseas Korean Educational Institutions, Republic of Korea: National Institute for International Education Development, 2007, archived from the original on October 2, 2006, retrieved 2007-05-15

Jump up^ "하노이한국학교", Overseas Korean Educational Institutions, Republic of Korea: National Institute for International Education Development, 2007, archived from the original on 2007-09-30, retrieved 2007-05-15

Jump up^ Korean elementary school set up in Hanoi, Korea.net, 2006-07-08, retrieved 2010-01-24[dead link]

Jump up^ "Korean primary school opens in Hanoi", Vietnamnet Bridge, 2006-10-22, archived from the original on 2008-02-20, retrieved 2010-01-24

Jump up^ 11살 맞은 코윈, 올해는 누가 참가하나. Dongpo News (in Korean). 2011-08-24. Retrieved 2011-09-09.

Jump up^ Onishi, Norimitsu (2007-02-21), "Marriage brokers in Vietnam cater to S. Korean bachelors", International Herald Tribune, retrieved 2007-03-27

External links[edit]

Korean School of Ho Chi Minh City

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Korean diaspora

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Ethnic groups in Vietnam by language family

Categories:Ethnic groups in Vietnam

Korean diaspora in Asia

Overseas Korean groups

South Korean expatriates in Vietnam

I bet if you looked, though, Alfredo, you could probably find references to male nurses in war fiction.

I see the leaky pipeline is still with us .... we still have a long way to go ... need flexible working conditions, life-work balance, for both women and men !!! and not only in the academia.

Well, that's not precisely gender, but something quite related - sex: History of Sexuality by Foucault. If you go for his theory, in fact, what nowadays is called gender -the naturalization of biological and cultural factors as individual characteristics- is, in fact, produced around 1800 in Europe - at least in the way we know it today.

Today’s global economic crisis requires integrating a gender perspective which means eliminating the wastage of talent, utilizing all human resources, the entire talent pool- and as a result, boosting innovation which is a prerequisite for economic growth and sustainable development. So I agree with Ben Wadham’s point that "gender involves both men and women, and an emphasis on gender partnerships", including respect for diversity regardless of race, religion, handicap, age, sexual orientation, etc.

It is an interesting question related to gender issues in nursing practice. You already mentioned that your study focuses on how masculinity affects the nurse relationship with patients (users), other nurses, and health professionals. The impact of masculinity on roles and functions of nurses depends on the culture where nursing practice occurs. In other words the variations in roles and functions of the male nurses and relationships with other nurses and health professionals depends on the culture where nursing practice is carried out. There are lots of literature and studies related to your study. Good luck!