Science topics: Women and Politics ResearchGender Equality & Gender Balance
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Gender Equality & Gender Balance - Science topic
A group for anyone interested in / working on Gender Equality & Gender Balance
Questions related to Gender Equality & Gender Balance
Who agrees genetic engineering should individualize life? Elaborations desired. My answer: I agree genetic engineering should individualize life because queer lives matter and human asexual reproduction supports the LGBTQAA+ community.
is still son preference prevailed?
2. Is developing or developed socities still concern with sex preference?
3. As compared to 20th century, studies are not so much in 21st century. What's the reason?
When I embarked on this journey of exploring more on exploring the condition and status of gender equity and equality in architecture, or public spaces, or urban design, I found very little literature is available. Would be great to discuss on this topic. I have started to get an impression perhaps this topic is irrelevant or not trending at all. But I have strong feeling that has an importance, but very little research has been done on this. Would be great if you know of some documents or share some light on this.
I am asking this question regarding my undergrad thesis. I am new to econometrics, so apologoes in advance. I wanted to analyse the impact of gender inequality in education on economic growth for India. I went through Klasen and Lamana (2009), Ali (2015), and Chuadhry (2005) and a few other papers to see if I could make a model for India.
I decided on the following variables as I think they would be suitable:
- GDP per capita, PPP (constant 2017 international $)
- School enrollment, primary (gross), gender parity index (GPI)
- School enrollment, secondary(gross), gender parity index (GPI)
- Ratio of female to male labor force participation rate (%) (modeled ILO estimate)
- Working age populatiom (% of total population)
- Fertility rate, total (births per woman)
- Population growth (annual %)
I have data for these variables from 1993-2018. My question is how should I proceed from here? From what I have read, if I am to run a regression model, i need to prove whether the time series are stationary and then do the regression. If not, i would have to look for cointegration. I plan on doing the analysis in either Python or EViews as I am comfortable in them. Please also suggest what other variables that can be used, what potential problems that I might run into and what steps could be taken to solve them.
I ran the exact model as specified in Klasen and Lamana (2009) and would like someone could help me understand the results that I got. In the Klasen paper I could understand uptill Table3. I am attaching the jupyter notebook.
Regards,
Dhruv Sinha
Dear researchers we are trying to explore the urban designers’ understanding(s) of gender-sensitive urban design.
What do designers focus on when they develop public open space design/planning?
some examples are: participatory processes engaging women and gender minorities, meeting the needs of women in the design, involving women and underrepresented groups in key decisions.
What do you think is the most relevant literature on the topic?

What do we know about the effect of the Protestant Reformation on the Gender Gap along its different dimensions, and on women Role in Society in General ? I am interested in Europe over the period 1550-1800. I am curious to collect various points of view.
Hello,
Do you know of any available public opinion data from Europe (or OECD countries) that asks about opinions on women's place in society? Gender Quotas? Perception of women in the work place? Women's performance in leadership positions?
I am looking for this kind of data for my Master's thesis and am working to construct my own panel dataset with it.
I would appreciate any tips and advice.
Thank you!
Teresa Taylor
Why is science of technology geared towards males over females?
Especially from different countries and cultures..
Hi all,
I'm looking for any studies on Gender Balance in Creative or Design School /Faculty in higher education. If you have come across any, or were involved in any, please let me know
Many thanks in advance
P.J.
Please cite an info-source supporting your view.
Many thanks for sharing your thoughts/expertise.
Stay safe,
Ale
There are times when I think that articles are rejected or comments are too mean based on ethnicity and just being female.
If there is gender discrimination in course of employment, whether the employer shall be liable if the discriminating act was done by the employees or agents, what is the approach to make a determination concerning the sanctions to the employer? What specific sanctions (legal responsibilities) should the employer be subjected to?
For example, for studying the costume of actors in ads we have,
As in the original study, each discernible adult model was classified into one of four ordinal categories of the dress (Soley & Reid, 1988). Dress differs primarily by the amount of clothing worn by models in the advertisements, and has four levels: (1) demure, (2) suggestive,
(3) partially-clad, and (4) nude.
Currently in Poland, a very lively debate on the issues of gender is taking place.
Opponents speak even of "gender ideology", using arguments that are difficult to accept calmly by the man who knows even the basic issues related to the topic.
Main opponent of gender theory in Poland is the Catholic Church, some of its representatives do not mince words.
Even in the Polish parliament the parliamentary group for the fight against gender ideology was formed.
I am looking to apply the method of Protest Event Analysis to my Masters dissertation on women's social movements and gender inequality. The literature I have looked at so far only mentions teams of researchers applying this method. Is it possible for a single researcher to use this, or is it near impossible due to the workload?
I am trying to find some theoretical evidence for the fact that on personal-self construal level western nations(egalitarian) are less stereotypical when it comes to gender roles, if compared to eastern nations , but i couldn’t . Can you please help me in this regard and recommend some reads.
I found : own gender beliefs is higher (vs. lower) in eastern (vs. western) countries when considering other-stereotyping and when social comparison is salient, but the reverse was found when considering self-reporting, that is self-stereotyping.
Hi community,
I am looking for some data on the time required for collecting water in indigenous populations of the Amazon. Has anyone come across this information in an article or report?
Thank you,
Jena
Creating binaries - "Menstruating Women" vs "Semening Men" :
The women have been enslaved by creating exemplary binaries. Women are defined between binaries, like – Mother vs Whore; Virgin vs Vamp.
Being a student of Sociology, I also believe in being an Activist.
They have created a phrase “Menstruating Women”, so I have created a phrase “Semening Men”.
Let us use this phrase “Semening Men” in our discourses, debates and discussions.
One example –
Throughout 2018, the two words that remained hot with “semening” men are – “Cow” and “Menstruation”.
Is this the final mental limits of which “semening” men are capable of?
Please let me know your thoughts.
I working in indian context . It would be very grateful if someone can give me guidance.
The project aims to examine chemistry students’ gender awareness and assumptions about a gender-inclusive chemistry curriculum at a UK university.
The study focuses specifically on chemistry, but any papers related to gender-sensitive science education at university level would be much appreciated.
- Six out of 10 kidney donors are women, but some 6 in 10 recipients are men.
- About one-fifth of living kidney donors are wives giving to their husbands.
- Why.....???
Read this very interesting feature on BBC Future published on 30 July 2018:
I am conducting a multivariate panel study how climate change affects health gender disparities in Sub-Saharan Africa. The dependent variables are a calculated ratio of the difference between life expectancy between men and women and another ;mortality rates. One of the independent variables is a drought index/continuum with minus values (drought) to plus values (no drought). I am not sure what that unit change in x would be, would it be from minus to plus in the drought scale?
If one in general has an independent variable or control variable such as Polity IV (from -10 (low democracy) to 10 (high democracy) how does one explain this with a one unit change in x? Thanks for your help!
Women have lot of restrictions as compared to men. More work to do for family , get less time for studies still get more marks than an average male , are as intelligent as male. I think women are more efficient than male. Still in many countries there is gender inequality and discrimination. Why it is so?
Anthropologists generally study behaviors that persist in human groups. The invention of print media gave a new area for the preservation and transmission of cultural values.
Literature, specifically, the growth in the 19th C. of the gothic novel introduced a certain kind of female response to danger. Mary Shelley's Frankenstein began the practice of women writing in previously male-only areas of culture such as the natural sciences. Shelley introduces self-reflection regarding the ethos of the actor, Dr. Victor Frankenstein.
Since that time, it has not been uncommon for genre literature to teach as overt lesson or subtext how to behave in the world. Genre literature can operate beneath the radar of dominant cultural norms and strike a different path via various styles of social satire (e.g., H. G. Wells' Eloys and Morlocks in The Time Machine.)
What theory tracks how genre (SF, fantasy, horror) literature trains the young to become adults in their culture?
Or do some genre messages teach alternatives to growing up and an escape from the norms of the socially-constructed, gendered group?
Adolescents in the industrialized world and elsewhere have vast resources in print and electronic texts. They spend large amounts of time reading of playing themed games that use tropes developed in stories.
What are these messages for living and what theories study this role of genre literature?
The Bankwest Curtin Economics Centre (BCEC) at Curtin University, together with the Economics Society of Australia’s Women in Economics Network (WEN) are pleased to announce the Australian Gender Economics Workshop.
More info: http://bit.ly/2wYNaHO
We are also delighted to confirm our keynote speakers: Professor Alison Booth (Australian National University) and Associate Professor Betsey Stevenson (University of Michigan).
While substantial progress toward gender equity has been made over the past decades, key gaps in various life aspects relating to family, education, employment, wealth, security, voice and agency remain. There is a need for new insights to better understand the role and impact of gender on all economic and social domains, and to translate these insights into actions. The workshop aims to help fill this gap.
This workshop will provide researchers with a forum for presenting and discussing innovative research incorporating gender analysis in all areas of economics. We invite both theoretical and empirical contributions to the workshop, but priority will be given to papers that can inform policy-relevant questions.
The workshop will include a special policy session involving senior influencers from government, research, industry and not-for-profit communities. The purpose of this session is to draw research insights from the workshop together in ways that will actively shape policies to enhance the status of women across the full spectrum of economic and social outcomes.
Submissions
Researchers interested in participating in the workshop should submit an extended abstract or a full paper by email to Astghik Mavisakalyan (http://bcec.edu.au/about/people/astghik-mavisakalyan) by November 17, 2017. Notifications will be sent by November 24, 2017. If accepted, the authors will be required to email their full paper to Astghik Mavisakalyan by January 19, 2018.
Practical information
Authors who are invited to present their papers are expected to participate in the entire two day workshop. There is no registration fee for presenters however they will be responsible for covering their travel and accommodation expenses. Practical information will be emailed in due course. Meanwhile, inquiries related to travel to the workshop and other practical matters should be addressed to Kelly Pohatu (http://bcec.edu.au/about/people/kelly-pohatu).
What do you think about gender inequality in the diagnosis of occupational diseases? Is occupational history of female workers underestimated or poorly questioned?
I will be happy if you can share any publication addressing this topic.
Looking specifically at the developed world, countries like The Netherlands and the interplay between the sex industry and the status of women
Most people agree that discrimination on the basis of morally irrelevant traits, such as race or gender, is immoral. I'm wondering if ethical egoism endorses such discrimination, by promoting one's own interests over the interests of everyone else. In your view, why or why not?
Am researching masculine and feminine traits and would like an historical perspective. BSRI has been used since 1971 but I can't find any results.
I am writing a dissertation on "Ethnographic Study of Gender Inequality and Racial Discrimination within UK Private Sector Prison Services" I am looking for journals relating to violence, conflict , and gender inequality in the private sector of prison Services
The use of gender neutral language has been in stress in developing nations. The researchers in my Institute (TITI, Nepal) have come up with different fruitful findings and the issues they are still facing.
Thus, I intend to find out to what extent does gender biased language provoke sexual harassment, OR to what extent does the use of gender neutral language minimize sexual harassment in development nation like Nepal.
Is Western Art history the story seen from the male point of view?
What about women artists?
Where's their story?
What was their influence in art at the time?
Are they lost for art history?
Or has art history to be rewritten?
Are they all forgotten?
Lately, I have been thinking very much about religious conversion and social change with respect to gender. I have also been thinking of race and gender together. The attached video recording which somebody sent me raised for me further questions to which I invite possible answers: How can the world become more peaceful? How can race- and gender- based inequalities be brought to an end? Thanks in advance.
What are some ways in which, we can encouraged female participation in development in the society, ways to empower them to do things and voice their thoughts. Promote gender equality.
wish to find out how women representation in public enterprise is still at its lowest, can i get some literature or studies to this effect?
Nowadays, more and more female have opportunity to engage a variety of occupations, not only working in the traditionally female jobs, also can be a manager or other important post in the workplace. However, still have some information shows the opportunity for female have some limits, I want to know why female still have some limits in the workplace and is it common.
hope you can help me to complete this questionnaire, please click the link below.
many thanks :-)
I am really interested to see if there has been any work on this in the UK. I have read a lot of work done further afield but am coming up with nothing over here. It's such a different context, does anyone know if it's been studied? I would be grateful if anyone could point me in the right direction....
I had to reframe the question because I want the answer grouped into social, political and economic challenges. Sorry for the inconvenience caused but again, who can help me out?
I need a validated/standardized questionnaire to assess the forms of and factors that contribute to gender inequalities or discriminations within the context of community development.
I am interested in researching gender equality curricula in early education. As a guiding principle, I argue that social gender equality will not be attained without an educational component whereby children are not only taught, explicitly, gender equality curricula, but also incorporated into an environment where gender equality is practiced.
I have been disappointed to find little academic research in this area that is not primarily concerned with gendered responses to inequities (for example, how to encourage more girls to participate in mathematics, and how to help boys improve their reading skills).
Is capitalism the main source of explanation or are there other explanations which outweigh capitalism?
I am aware of the contributions e.g. of Cecelski, Clancy and Skutch or Pachauri and Rao for developing countries. Are there any such works for the European context? Also ints to texts which adress gender among other issues are welcome.
I am interested in exploring questions pertaining to the possibility of realizing gender equality within marital relationships and happy family life of couples in the age range of 20 to 55 years. I am thinking of gender here as the socially constructed roles, behaviors, feelings and attitudes expected of girls and boys, women and men, in a given society. I am also thinking of it in terms of the rights, power and privileges accorded or denied as well as the restrictions and taboos imposed on any sex. I make a distinction between sex (the condition of being male or female) which is biological, natural and fairly constant, and gender which is social, cultural, human-made, learned and therefore changeable. Furthermore, I think of gender equality as a situation where girls and boys, women and men, have equal opportunities for participation and enjoyment of rights, responsibilities and privileges in their society without any legal, cultural, political, economic, religious, or social hindrance on the basis of their sex. How is gender equality expressed in terms of distribution of roles, responsibilities and opportunities among family members? What role do educational attainment, religious beliefs and attitudes or the lack thereof, play in influencing such distribution in matters of: participation in family leadership/decision-making (about finance, recreation/vacation, child-bearing/rearing/caring, child-spacing, keeping a job or letting a job go, etc); who calls the shots? participation in home-making, cooking, serving, cleaning, etc; cultural/social symbolizations and ritualizations: that is who does what, why, when, where and how, based on whether they are boy or girl, woman or man? Who leads the family devotion for example? E.g who drives the car when the couple travels together? Who sits where at table? Who speaks and who must be silent? How are these symbolizations and ritualizations justified? Are the gendered practices around participation in roles, responsibilities and opportunities in family settings contributing to the overall wellbeing of humanity in light of the United Nations sustainable development goals? The questions raised here are not concerned with LGBT issues. Rather they are concerned with gender issues that are a matter of life and death for many women and girls in many world contexts. So please if anyone knows of real life examples of couples and families, anywhere the world, who are living on a basis of gender equality or if someone has any literature related to the subject of this research interest, I will be very grateful if they can share with me.
Property rights of women in developing countries are poorly defined. This is despite the fact that women contribute about half of the agricultural production in rural areas and more than two-third of agriculture production in developing countries (FAO, 1997). Many scholars have already discussed about asymmetric nature of property rights and patriarchy go well hand in hand. Asymmetric property right is the single most factor for women bound to be submissive and subordinate. However, in some states laws are amended to encourage women property buyers by reducing stamp duties, cut down in registration fees, etc. Succession rights may too get amended if situation demands. In view, what could be its impact and effect on society?
Is gender difference linked to employment barriers for youth? If yes, what type of barriers in Pakistan?
I Operate on Gender Responsive Budgeting: GRB in Thailand. I found that the key issue of dealing with the GRB in Thailand is the lack of evidence or technical documentation or research papers supporting the outcome of GRB that could reduce the disparity and inequality in society, including Best Practices. Such experience-based information would enable the mandate that plays a major role in determining the form and method of budgeting of the country to become aware of GRB’s significant benefits, and would possibly agree to modify the format of the public sectors’ budgeting across the country as GRB. Although I examined so many research documents from multiple databases, unfortunately, found no such information. So Please recommend the articles, books, research or academic documents that can confirm or indicate that Gender Responsive Budgeting could reduce the disparity and inequality in society.
I'm planning to explore gender disparities in the Occupational Therapy profession in my country, Mauritius, for my dissertation. There are more women therapists than men. I'm looking for resources. I also want to know about any similar project that has been done in other countries.
It is proved that stopping rule behaviour does not have an effect on sex ratio at birth but it is still believed that it has effect on sex ratio at last birth. How to correct the sex ratio at last birth? What are the policy options? Just focusing on sex selective abortions through legal means may not help the developing countries like India? What are alternative options? Will correcting sex ratio of last birth contribute to balance the sex ratio? The last birth comprising 20% to 30% of total births in a country with TFR of 2.6, so there is a need to encourage the parents that even they can stop the family size with a female child. What kind of incentives need to be announced for them? India is already offering conditional cash transfer but not exactly to the girl child who is last birth of the parents. Is it acceptable if the government offers incentives for parents who have a female child as last birth with parents having only two children?
I am looking for statistics on the representation of female technical staff in the German Tech sector, companies like Deutsche Telekom, BMW, SAP, Software AG, etc.
Tracy Chou maintains a list for a number of Silicon Valley firms in the US:
however, I have been unable to find a similar list for Germany.
Any assistance would be appreciated.
I am doing a paper discussing the sexual assaults that have occurred on university grounds. It has been suggested that I also look at the decisions makers in relation to the implementation of policy and follow-up investigations to such events. As far as I can see many of these decision are made by men, and the majority of the security force staff are a ratio of 8:1 (or higher). When I look at research papers discussing security process they appear to be all written by men, and yet the papers discussing sexual assaults are written by women.
this question is related to gender and career advancement .
I want to study the relationship of agency and social change taking the case of women entrepreneurship in developing countries like India. And to seek future scope in terms of formulating an appropriate education that promotes entrepreneurship.
Impact of HE on gender empowerment
I am conducting a research on inheritance rights of women, laws are there but in practice, it is almost non existed. I am interested in deconstructing the belief system in the culture that create obstacles. Any one can guide me how to analysis this phenomenon.
Hello. I am looking for gender differences in the literature of new high-technology ventures (start-ups), in these areas:
· Knowledge and experience
· Funding sources, survival, growth and expansion
· Teams of co-founders and employees
· Industries and products
· Networking
· Performance
I have found some studies that cover gender differences in funding, incubator, co-founders, but anything else. Thank you.
I am working on the relationships between attitudes and behaviors in explaining men's contribution to housework. I am looking for a clear theoretical distinction between attitudes, values, norms, beliefs and preferences since I've seen that different disciplines use them as synonyms. Thank you
I am looking for contributors to an edited collection on this topic
1. how to construct observation schedule
2. suggest any schedule
Generally, the categorial needs of women are often neglected in urban planning and design practices. Women in GCCs are getting more educated, and building up careers in various professional fields at an accelerated pace. Given this emergence, the women are getting more mobile in the daily lives, which stems a lot of different needs, that are different in nature and type. Arguably, the contemporary urban planning approach in the GCC cities, has not been gender inclusive/sensitive yet.
I have often heard that among those holding advanced degrees, men are more likely than women to be referred to as "Dr." However, after two days of searching through the electronic databases I am finding it difficult to get any hard numbers or track down any empirical studies supporting this assertion. Is anyone aware of any?
Anybody working on muslim women, sport and leisure in Europe, and how local governments are managing cultural and religious diversity in a gender perspective? I'm looking for qualitative studies carried out in South EU countries.
I am, and would like to partner with others.
Closing the male-female employment gap is good for economic growth. Research indicates that narrowing this gap has been an important driver of Europe’s economic growth over the past decade. The World Economic Forum reveals that, regardless of their income level, countries that divide resources equitably between women and men fare better than those that do not.
We provide evidence that observed gender differences with respect to political representation of the national majority of voters (made up of men and women) may be reduced to an ideological left-right dimension. Thus, female and male representatives adhere equally close to the majority's preferences if party affiliations are taken into account.
If this result is also valid for other countries, how would you evaluate female quotas in parliaments? How may political representation of specific groups be achieved?
I am interested in data related to the imbalance of females in ICT careers as well as initiating additional research.
Universities have long traditions of offering staff and students the freedom to do research – but what are the pressing issues and perspectives, especially for women? I would be grateful if you can share your experiences, stating in which country you work and in which part of the higher education sector you are a member of staff or a student.
I am struggling with defining this concept. Is coercive heterosexuality about sexual harassment and sexual abuse or is coercive heterosexuality about trying to coerce non-heterosexuals in some way to being heterosexual.
I'm looking for sources of data as well as potential collaborators for cross-country comparisons of protest movements, particularly their demands.
Several women became CEOs of very big companies in 2013.
Wage could differ by gender. At identical work, identical tasks but the payment is various. It is correct? Maybe your answer will clarify this common, ordinary historical fact in many organizations and countries.
A core concept in sociology, political science, organizational behaviour and business, social capital is relatively new in the context of sport governance. In exploring the boundaries of both sport and social capital in theory and practice, one can see sport as a form of positive (bridging) social capital that promotes social cohesion, trust, social ties, etc. Could it also be perceived as a social space that promotes dark or exclusonary social capital since sport politics do not always deliver the social benefits they proclaim due to commercialization, doping, gender discrimination or institutionalized gender personification, the leaky pipeline and the glass ceiling in SGBs and in competitive sports.
In a world where technology is making rapid strides and the barriers of genders are becoming dismantled, politics continues to be predominantly male. There is no doubt governance is enriched when women are seen equals and given equal responsibilities.
Do you know any studies which confirmed such hypothesis?
I am waiting for your recommendations (regarding specific reports, articles you know).
I am writing an article about women who work in the veterinary field, mainly with farm animals. The intention is to evaluate the occurrence of gender discrimination practices against these professionals and analyze what is the main type of preconception suffered by female veterinarians in the field.
This is a profoundly disturbing article, pointing to persistent and pervasive cultural biases of academics to young women scholars. NYTimes: http://nyti.ms/1f0jL3m Hint: The answer has more to do with “The Big Bang Theory” than with longstanding theories about men’s so-called natural aptitude.
What needs to be in a gender policy for it to be effective? Also, what sort of conceptual or theoretical framework is needed for such a study?
I am working on an experiment on gender bias in hiring decisions. I am comparing whether females are more likely to hire females due to group identification, or females are more likely to hire males due to social norm. I am measuring social norm using warmth-competence IAT, but I would like to know what would be a good measure for identification within a gender group?
Any theoretical or empirical analyses can work.
How people relate themselves with gender specific actions and reactions? Are they predetermined or based on situational reactions?
This was simply an observation, but I'd like to know if any research has been done in this area. Professions like teaching, psychotherapy or nursing are dominated by women - both in employee and employer roles. Is the worth or value of these professions associated to the number of women in them? Consequently, when men enter the game, does the economic worth of these professions rise?
Family violence - underlying reasons
There is no true definition to the two words "gender" and "equality" and together it makes no sense, unless we start discussing the true meaning of the words and applying them.
More specifically, are there any inpatient or outpatient addiction treatment programs for men only or women only in your country? Are you aware of programs which cater to specific treatment needs of men and of women? I wonder particularly if in the Nordic countries the quest about gender equality hampers gender specific treatment modalities.
Environmental problems affect women differently than men because of the role they play in their communities.
Since the Beijing platform for action in 1995, there has been an increase in gender awareness in almost all sectors of development, with the water sector not an exception. Yet, there is still gender discrimination in terms of water use, access and control, especially in the rural areas. There have been numerous studies into the factors leading to that, yet it is still prevailing. So the question is, is the problem from the lower levels or with the water management institutions who are the implementers of water policies and strategies as well as gender mainstreaming policy in water sector. Moreover, it is evident that, since 1995, most water institutions have not yet done a review of their water gender policy, AMCOW asserted. What are some of the components that needs to be in an effective gender mainstreaming policy or strategy?
Are women - with equal skills as their male colleagues - still viewed as minor in leadership positions, and does their ethnic identity matter?
I've read Dyer & McCann (2000) and want to know if there's anything recent. It appears female custody litigants will score higher than males on scales 4, 5 and 7 since the BR scores are weighted differently for men and women, and I'm looking for recent research that may have built upon Dyer & McCann's child custody litigation norms to avoid false-positive diagnoses on these three scales.
If a training program is to be organized for women ULB officials, what should be put up as training components.
Following the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act in India, it has been made mandatory to reserve 33 % of ULB positions for women. In quantity the demand has been fulfilled, but there is certain lack of qualitative input by these women officials. Hence as part of Capacity Development Program for ULB, a training program is to be organized. Women in India have been holding a relegated position in society, not much aware of the development issue. Some require extensive awareness and training/capacity building programs. Are there any suggestions for a groundwork for such a program?
People are more caught up in the media with sexism and racism but we do not really hear how it affects the individual. Most people look at television commercials or ads and focus on what the ad says, but how about the person who actually has to be in the ad. Do you think that psychologically this person is affected.
Some scholars have identified certain social and cultural practices as contributors to girl`s poor academic performance in schools.
Are there any established gender differences in political behaviour? I am interested in cultural differences. Could you suggest any published research about women political behavior and participation?
I would also be grateful for suggestions on reading material. Thank you!