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Who agrees genetic engineering should individualize life? Elaborations desired. My answer: I agree genetic engineering should individualize life because queer lives matter and human asexual reproduction supports the LGBTQAA+ community.
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Individualise life? Well by your description it looks to me that sexual relations aren't important.
Nevertheless even if the genetical studies reach pinacle, it will not try to dehumane the love hetros
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is still son preference prevailed?
2. Is developing or developed socities still concern with sex preference?
3. As compared to 20th century, studies are not so much in 21st century. What's the reason?
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Some 21 million girls in India are "unwanted" and receive fewer resources because their parents wanted a son, the government said, as analysts called for action to boost women's earnings.
India has 21 million 'unwanted' girls due to preference for sons (timesofmalta.com)
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When I embarked on this journey of exploring more on exploring the condition and status of gender equity and equality in architecture, or public spaces, or urban design, I found very little literature is available. Would be great to discuss on this topic. I have started to get an impression perhaps this topic is irrelevant or not trending at all. But I have strong feeling that has an importance, but very little research has been done on this. Would be great if you know of some documents or share some light on this.
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Designing Gender Sensitive Public Spaces – Cidco Smartcity (niua.org)
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I am asking this question regarding my undergrad thesis. I am new to econometrics, so apologoes in advance. I wanted to analyse the impact of gender inequality in education on economic growth for India. I went through Klasen and Lamana (2009), Ali (2015), and Chuadhry (2005) and a few other papers to see if I could make a model for India.
I decided on the following variables as I think they would be suitable:
  1. GDP per capita, PPP (constant 2017 international $)
  2. School enrollment, primary (gross), gender parity index (GPI)
  3. School enrollment, secondary(gross), gender parity index (GPI)
  4. Ratio of female to male labor force participation rate (%) (modeled ILO estimate)
  5. Working age populatiom (% of total population)
  6. Fertility rate, total (births per woman)
  7. Population growth (annual %)
I have data for these variables from 1993-2018. My question is how should I proceed from here? From what I have read, if I am to run a regression model, i need to prove whether the time series are stationary and then do the regression. If not, i would have to look for cointegration. I plan on doing the analysis in either Python or EViews as I am comfortable in them. Please also suggest what other variables that can be used, what potential problems that I might run into and what steps could be taken to solve them.
I ran the exact model as specified in Klasen and Lamana (2009) and would like someone could help me understand the results that I got. In the Klasen paper I could understand uptill Table3. I am attaching the jupyter notebook.
Regards,
Dhruv Sinha
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  1. Granger Causality: If ecm1 is significant in the gdp equation then there is Granger causality through ecm1. The t-statistic on ecm1 in the equation for gdp does not follow a t-distribution.
  2. To test significance you must estimate the system with the relevant coefficients constrained to zero and do a likelihood ratio test. Not doing so is a regular mistake and is rarely recognized as one. This used to require programming in stata. I have not got access to modern versions of stata or eviews
  3. Granger causality is in effect the error in the difference in forecasts when all variables (X, Y) are taken into account and when Y is excluded. If the difference in the errors is not significant then Y does not Granger cause X. X and Y may be multivariate. If (X, Y) are stationary then Granger causality may be implemented using a simple joint zero test on coefficients in the VAR. It is not as straightforward when the series are non-stationary. You can have Granger causality either through the ecm adjustment terms or the short-run coefficients on the first difference terms. There is also the Toda-Yamamoto test which is relatively easy to implement but may not be that efficient (you need efficiency with your small sample)
  4. Are you using the log of the gdp variable? If one of your education variables increases by say .01, do you expect it to have the same additive effect on your gdp variable regardless of the level of the gdp variable? On the contrary, if you expect the effect on the GDP variable to increase (or decrease) by a fraction of the gdp variable then you should log the gdp variable before your analysis. This might improve your normality tests.
  5. Are there any big jumps in your education variables (possibly caused by policy changes)? Such exceptional values could cause your education variables to fail the test.
  6. Are you happy with the identification that stata assumes? Have you looked at the economic meaning of these long-term relationships? Perhaps some rescaling might make them more meaningful.
  7. I am still concerned about the economic basis of the analysis. Unless this is sound you can not make causal conclusions. I admit that I am not familiar with the economy and social conditions in your country. You are in a much better position to judge. The problem is that there are many other factors that give rise to changes in your GDP variable. If these also give rise to changes in your education variables your analysis will include the effect of these other factors in the estimate of the effect of the education ratios. If this is so the residuals may also be affected and this is why you may fail the specification tests.
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Dear researchers we are trying to explore the urban designers’ understanding(s) of gender-sensitive urban design.
What do designers focus on when they develop public open space design/planning?
some examples are: participatory processes engaging women and gender minorities, meeting the needs of women in the design, involving women and underrepresented groups in key decisions.
What do you think is the most relevant literature on the topic?
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I have an urban design perspective on this.
(1) The akcnowledgement of different experiences of public spaces (not just on a gender-basis). Gender-blind urban design follows standards, historically embedded patterns and conventions when it comes to deciding what kind of affordances should they place in space and how space should be configured. Gender-sensitive does not take this for granted and explores different needs. We ask questions like if and why a social variable predicts presence, use, comfort in public space. The resulting design offers variety, something to do for everyone. For example, in the CEE region, it is common to place football or basketball pitches in parks for children. In a Viennese park, the designers mapped the sports children like, and decided to also deploy a volleyball court, because girls would otherwise just not go out and play (as much).
(2) Public space harrassment is one of the textbook categories for gender-driven aggressions, so safety and perceived safety in public spaces is one of those determinants of "different experiences" that is emphasized during (good) design. I am actually in the middle of a research to develop a method to quantify perceived safety using visual graph analysis. But it doesn't have to be analytic, visibility, eyes-on-the-street, public life, and lighting are things designers can work with.
(3) On the level off affordances, there are also lifestyles, habits and routines associated with a gender, which should be designed in a way not to obstruct the other genders from doing them. Gender-blind example would be diaper changing stations in women's restrooms only.
Bottomline: urban design is very much a profession that reuses and rearranges patterns of spatial culture, which are subtle, small, but persistent ways to make certain behaviours more easy or difficult. Gender-sensitivity - for me - is one of the approaches that challenge passing on these patterns uncritically, and argues that we should stop and engage with our user groups first.
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What do we know about the effect of the Protestant Reformation on the Gender Gap along its different dimensions, and on women Role in Society in General ? I am interested in Europe over the period 1550-1800. I am curious to collect various points of view.
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Thanks you ! So the first papers show that Protestantism decreased the gender gap in basic education. In Jurgens I found an interesting way to pursue the discussion: "although Luther’s theology appears to be liberating to women, it was used to further oppress them" ! Useful references in it.
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Hello,
Do you know of any available public opinion data from Europe (or OECD countries) that asks about opinions on women's place in society? Gender Quotas? Perception of women in the work place? Women's performance in leadership positions?
I am looking for this kind of data for my Master's thesis and am working to construct my own panel dataset with it.
I would appreciate any tips and advice.
Thank you!
Teresa Taylor
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Kindly refer this article :
Replication Data for: Gender Attitudes and Public Opinion Towards Electoral Gender Quotas in Brazil
This repository contains replication files for the analysis reported in Batista Pereira and Porto. "Gender Attitudes and Public Opinion Towards Electoral Gender Quotas in Brazil" Political Psychology: In press. The data used come from the 2014 of the AmericasBarometer Survey in Brazil, available from: https://www.vanderbilt.edu/lapop/raw-data.php. The codes require MPlus for data analysis. (2020-02-24)
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Why is science of technology geared towards males over females? 
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Especially from different countries and cultures..
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From my point of view, sexism is appreciated daily. In my case, I am aware of and witness to behaviors of this type when, for example, I find myself alone as a woman in front of a group of men, that's when I express phrases like: '' make us something to eat '', '' clean this up '' ', etc. Even at the wheel when a woman is driving, we see and hear unequal treatment by gender. Although the greatest examples are seen in the different domestic tasks spread around the home, in the media and in workplaces, when women are emphasized and given to understand that they always have to be beautiful and attractive to '' attract '' the public in some way or another.
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Hi all,
I'm looking for any studies on Gender Balance in Creative or Design School /Faculty in higher education. If you have come across any, or were involved in any, please let me know
Many thanks in advance
P.J.
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Wolfgang Weinlich Thanks very much!!
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Please cite an info-source supporting your view.
Many thanks for sharing your thoughts/expertise.
Stay safe,
Ale
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Health care appears to be well represented by both genders. Biological positions are being compromised since the beginning of the ongoing financial crises. I believe this is making it difficult for any new entrants to environment health related jobs, not any gender in particular.
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There are times when I think that articles are rejected or comments are too mean based on ethnicity and just being female.
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Yes, it is very common. Some journals only consider papers from the authors of high income countries such as US, UK, China, Australia, New Zealand, and Europe. I have had papers rejected merely based on the argument that the data is from a developing country and may not be applicable to global community. Arguably, the same can be held true for data from the high income countries. Some editors are biased against authors from low and middle income countries and some even have their pet authors and reviewers who only publish in these journals. Sometimes, reviewers and authors reject papers to increase the impact of their journals. However, there are good editors and reviewers who review for highest quality journals and evaluate papers based on quality of science and writing.
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If there is gender discrimination in course of employment, whether the employer shall be liable if the discriminating act was done by the employees or agents, what is the approach to make a determination concerning the sanctions to the employer? What specific sanctions (legal responsibilities) should the employer be subjected to?
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It can be a civil law problem as the discriminated person claims for damages against the tort upon the dignity rule and personal rights protection. (Civil law liability) On the other hand, the ombudsman or a specialized agency can impose a fine on the employer. (Public law liability)
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For example, for studying the costume of actors in ads we have,
As in the original study, each discernible adult model was classified into one of four ordinal categories of the dress (Soley & Reid, 1988). Dress differs primarily by the amount of clothing worn by models in the advertisements, and has four levels: (1) demure, (2) suggestive,
(3) partially-clad, and (4) nude.
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I am not aware of such a scale, however I prefer to use a methodology in which the researcher creates the typography as part of the content analysis.
On the first review of the data, you initially structure the data in open categories which are then grouped and refined to establish the final categories. I think that this is better research than trying to shoehorn your data into someone else's framework.
This article describes such a process in detail:
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Currently in Poland, a very lively debate on the issues of gender is taking place.
Opponents speak even of "gender ideology", using arguments that are difficult to accept calmly by the man who knows even the basic issues related to the topic.
Main opponent of gender theory in Poland is the Catholic Church, some of its representatives do not mince words.
Even in the Polish parliament the parliamentary group for the fight against gender ideology was formed.
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Hi Marta
In India the situation for women is terrible. There is very meagre parliamentary representation and even the anti dowry and anti-violence legislations have been receiving backlash. In fact what is sad is the law is complicit in enforcing these hegemonies. Recently the Indian Supreme Court said that women are committing "legal terrorism" by "abusing" the anti-dowry and anti-domestic abuse Act. All statistics point in the opposite direction. The second article also talks about lower caste and vulnerable minority women in particular
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I am looking to apply the method of Protest Event Analysis to my Masters dissertation on women's social movements and gender inequality. The literature I have looked at so far only mentions teams of researchers applying this method. Is it possible for a single researcher to use this, or is it near impossible due to the workload?
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Chara,
as posted above, a single researcher can. undertake PEA; however, the key, as I see it, is to create a manageable project; especially in your case, ask yourself if you can 'do' a PEA project----including a 28000 word dissertation-----for submission in May 2019.
Fieldwork with say a local women's movement will perhaps need institutional ethics approval.
Mostly or wholly deskwork?
I don't think that your choice of PEA is the problem; rather, your problem is putting together a project which can be 'done and dusted' in the time you have available.
You need a small project eliciting rich data---in which case, systematically writing-up each of its elements in 28000 words is, I think 'doable', a lot of work, but satisfying if you get your Masters.
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I am trying to find some theoretical evidence for the fact that on personal-self construal level western nations(egalitarian) are less stereotypical when it comes to gender roles, if compared to eastern nations , but i couldn’t . Can you please help me in this regard and recommend some reads. 
I found : own gender beliefs is higher (vs. lower) in eastern (vs. western) countries when considering other-stereotyping and when social comparison is salient, but the reverse was found when considering self-reporting, that is self-stereotyping.
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Natalia Krzyzanowska Thank You for your esponse !
Its related to Asia and Arab world being east .
I am looking into your reccomendation .
Thanks alot.
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Hi community,
I am looking for some data on the time required for collecting water in indigenous populations of the Amazon. Has anyone come across this information in an article or report?
Thank you,
Jena
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Thanks!
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Creating binaries - "Menstruating Women" vs "Semening Men" :
The women have been enslaved by creating exemplary binaries. Women are defined between binaries, like – Mother vs Whore; Virgin vs Vamp.
Being a student of Sociology, I also believe in being an Activist.
They have created a phrase “Menstruating Women”, so I have created a phrase “Semening Men”.
Let us use this phrase “Semening Men” in our discourses, debates and discussions.
One example –
Throughout 2018, the two words that remained hot with “semening” men are – “Cow” and “Menstruation”.
Is this the final mental limits of which “semening” men are capable of?
Please let me know your thoughts.
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Interesting thread here. What do you think about the move to remove the word woman completely from these discussions and activism? I keep seeing activism that just calls women 'menstruators' or 'ovary-havers' 'cervix-havers' but refers to men as 'men'. This is being argued as a nod to gender ideology, but I cannot understand why removing the word woman is so prevalent whilst the word 'men' is still being retained in everything. Just wondered what you thought.
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I working in indian context . It would be very grateful if someone can give me guidance. 
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I generally use the Attitudes Towards Women Scale. Here is a paper we wrote on attitudes towards women in Latin America.
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The project aims to examine chemistry students’ gender awareness and assumptions about a gender-inclusive chemistry curriculum at a UK university.
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Thank you Prof R.s. Sindhu for your kind comment and suggestions.
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The study focuses specifically on chemistry, but any papers related to gender-sensitive science education at university level would be much appreciated.
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Have a poster competition on how women should be portrayed in promotiional materials for STEM programs and/or have a debate on the need for more female architects so that the washrooms and buildings would be more user-friendly to women. For example, adequate shelf space in the washrooms for their handbags and overhead canopies at the building entrances so that their hairstyles are not ruined when it rains or snows.
Best regards,
Debra
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  • Six out of 10 kidney donors are women, but some 6 in 10 recipients are men.
  • About one-fifth of living kidney donors are wives giving to their husbands.
  • Why.....???
Read this very interesting feature on BBC Future published on 30 July 2018:
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Women and men differ in terms of their definition of care and love. Women, often tend to define their self in terms of their relationships (Surrey, 1985). Defining care in terms of sacrifice is also common. You might go through self-silencing theory in this context. I believe that women's ways of defining relationships, their empathy, and self-sacrificing behaviour might provide some answers.
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I am conducting a  multivariate panel study how climate change affects health gender disparities in Sub-Saharan Africa.  The dependent variables are a calculated ratio of the difference between life expectancy between men and women and another ;mortality rates. One of the independent variables is a drought index/continuum with minus values  (drought) to plus values (no drought). I am not sure what that unit change in x would be, would it be from minus to plus in the drought scale?
If one in general has an independent variable or control variable such as Polity IV (from -10 (low democracy) to 10 (high democracy) how does one explain this with a one unit change in x? Thanks for your help! 
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Thanks for the previous conversation, slightly help. I just constructed a scale for one of my independent variable through PCA (principal component analysis) and have many of my values as negative ( range from -8 to 7) . I am studying two independent variables with ( uncertainty avoidance and social trust) and dependent variable antibiotic use to see if increase in uncertainty avoidance, increases consumption of antibiotic and on the other hand, if increase in social trust decrease antibiotic use. I am yet to decide the type of regression to use. Any insight, all be helpful too. Thanks, all appreciate timely response.
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Women have lot of restrictions as compared to men. More work to do for family , get less time for studies still get more marks than an average male , are as intelligent as male. I think women are more efficient than male. Still in many countries there is gender inequality and discrimination. Why it is so?
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1) A woman has greater constitutional vitality, perhaps because of her unique chromosomal pattern. Normally, she outlives a man by three or four years in the U.S. Females simply have a stronger hold on life than males, even in the uterus. More than 140 male babies are conceived for every 100 females; by the time birth occurs, the ratio is 105 to 100, with the rest of the males dying in spontaneous abortions.
2) Men have a higher incidence of death from almost every disease except three: benign tumors, disorders related to female reproduction, and breast cancer.
3) Men have a higher rate of basal metabolism than women.
4) The sexes differ in skeletal structure, women having a shorter head, broader face, less protruding chin, shorter legs, and longer trunk. The first finger of a woman's hand is usually longer than the third; with men the reverse is true. Boys' teeth last longer than do those of girls.
5) Women have a larger stomach, kidneys, liver, and appendix, and smaller lungs than men.
6 Women have three very important physiological functions totally absent in men--menstruation, pregnancy, and lactation. Each of these mechanisms influences behavior and feelings significantly. Female hormonal patterns are more complex and varied. The glands work differently in the two sexes. For example, a woman's thyroid is larger and more active; it enlarges during menstruation and pregnancy, which makes her more prone to goiter, provides resistance to cold, and is associated with the smooth skin, relatively hairless body, and the thin layer of subcutaneous fat that are important elements in the concept of personal beauty. Women are also more responsive emotionally, laughing and crying more readily.
7) Women's blood contains more water (20 percent fewer red cells). Since red cells supply oxygen to the body, she tires more easily and is more prone to faint. Her constitutional viability is therefore strictly a long-range matter. When the working day in British factories, under wartime conditions, was increased from ten to twelve hours, accidents among women increased 150 percent; the rate of accidents among men did not increase significantly.
8) Men are 50 percent stronger than women in brute strength.
9) Women's hearts beat more rapidly than those of men (80 versus 72 beats per minute). Their blood pressure (ten points lower than men) varies more from minute to minute, but they have much less tendency to high blood pressure--at least until after menopause.
10) Female lung capacity is about 30 percent less than in males.
11) Women can withstand high temperatures better than men because their metabolism slows down less.
12) Men and women differ in every cell of their bodies because they carry a differing chromosomal pattern. The implications of those genetic components range from obvious to extremely subtle. For example, when researchers visited high school and college campuses to study behavior of the sexes, they observed that males and females even transported their books in different ways. The young men tended to carry them at their sides with their arms looped over the top. Women and girls, by contrast, usually cradled their books at their breasts, in much the same way they would a baby.
13)Who can estimate how many other sex-related influences lie below the level of consciousness?
14) Women on the other hand have four times as many brain cells (neurons) connecting the right and left side of their brain. This latter finding provides physical evidence that supports the observation that men rely easily and more heavily on their left brain to solve one problem one step at a time.
15) Women have more efficient access to both sides of their brain and therefore greater use of their right brain.
16) Women can focus on more than one problem at one time and frequently prefer to solve problems through multiple activities at a time.
 17) Women tend to be intuitive global thinkers
 18)Women have an enhanced ability to recall memories that have strong emotional components. They can also recall events or experiences that have similar emotions in common.
19)Women are very adept at recalling information, events or experiences in which there is a common emotional theme
20)  women have an enhanced physical alarm response to danger or threat. Their autonomic and sympathetic systems have a lower threshold of arousal and greater reactivity than men.
The physical differences between men and women provide functional advantages and have survival value. Men usually have greater upper body strength, build muscle easily, have thicker skin, bruise less easily and have a lower threshold of awareness of injuries to their extremities.
 Men are essentially built for physical confrontation and the use of force. Their joints are well suited for throwing objects. A man’s skull is almost always thicker and stronger than a women’s.
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Anthropologists generally study behaviors that persist in human groups. The invention of print media gave a new area for the preservation and transmission of cultural values.
Literature, specifically, the growth in the 19th C. of the gothic novel introduced a certain kind of female response to danger. Mary Shelley's Frankenstein began the practice of women writing in previously male-only areas of culture such as the natural sciences. Shelley introduces self-reflection regarding the ethos of the actor, Dr. Victor Frankenstein.
Since that time, it has not been uncommon for genre literature to teach as overt lesson or subtext how to behave in the world. Genre literature can operate beneath the radar of dominant cultural norms and strike a different path via various styles of social satire (e.g., H. G. Wells' Eloys and Morlocks in The Time Machine.)
What theory tracks how genre (SF, fantasy, horror) literature trains the young to become adults in their culture?
Or do some genre messages teach alternatives to growing up and an escape from the norms of the socially-constructed, gendered group?
Adolescents in the industrialized world and elsewhere have vast resources in print and electronic texts. They spend large amounts of time reading of playing themed games that use tropes developed in stories.
What are these messages for living and what theories study this role of genre literature?
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Thanks, Colleague, Pal. Interesting theory of Gothic and SF.
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The Bankwest Curtin Economics Centre (BCEC) at Curtin University, together with the Economics Society of Australia’s Women in Economics Network (WEN) are pleased to announce the Australian Gender Economics Workshop.
We are also delighted to confirm our keynote speakers: Professor Alison Booth (Australian National University) and Associate Professor Betsey Stevenson (University of Michigan).
While substantial progress toward gender equity has been made over the past decades, key gaps in various life aspects relating to family, education, employment, wealth, security, voice and agency remain. There is a need for new insights to better understand the role and impact of gender on all economic and social domains, and to translate these insights into actions. The workshop aims to help fill this gap.
This workshop will provide researchers with a forum for presenting and discussing innovative research incorporating gender analysis in all areas of economics. We invite both theoretical and empirical contributions to the workshop, but priority will be given to papers that can inform policy-relevant questions.
The workshop will include a special policy session involving senior influencers from government, research, industry and not-for-profit communities. The purpose of this session is to draw research insights from the workshop together in ways that will actively shape policies to enhance the status of women across the full spectrum of economic and social outcomes.
Submissions
Researchers interested in participating in the workshop should submit an extended abstract or a full paper by email to Astghik Mavisakalyan (http://bcec.edu.au/about/people/astghik-mavisakalyan) by November 17, 2017. Notifications will be sent by November 24, 2017. If accepted, the authors will be required to email their full paper to Astghik Mavisakalyan by January 19, 2018.
Practical information
Authors who are invited to present their papers are expected to participate in the entire two day workshop. There is no registration fee for presenters however they will be responsible for covering their travel and accommodation expenses. Practical information will be emailed in due course. Meanwhile, inquiries related to travel to the workshop and other practical matters should be addressed to Kelly Pohatu (http://bcec.edu.au/about/people/kelly-pohatu).
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Best wishes for the conference. I can send paper on Promoting Gender equality in LDCs through sharing domestic work by the use of electronic instruments.
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What do you think about gender inequality in the diagnosis of occupational diseases? Is occupational history of female workers underestimated or poorly questioned?
I will be happy if you can share any publication addressing this topic.
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Dear Metin,
Good question !  Issues of gender inequity exist in scientific knowledge, as well as in the workforce and workplaces.
Consider the following chapter.
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Looking specifically at the developed world, countries like The Netherlands and the interplay between the sex industry and the status of women
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Please let me know if this reference/site is helpful to you:
Women in sports.
INF25 Gender equality and elite sport - Council of Europe
by G Pfister - ‎Cited by 10 - ‎Related articles
Nov 28, 2011 - 2 http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/epas/resources/texts/Res(81)3_en.pdf .... In Norway team handball is a sport dominated by women, whereas female.You've visited this page many times. Last visit: 9/10/17.
Please see reference attached.
Dennis
Dennis Mazur
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Most people agree that discrimination on the basis of morally irrelevant traits, such as race or gender, is immoral. I'm wondering if ethical egoism endorses such discrimination, by promoting one's own interests over the interests of everyone else. In your view, why or why not?
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Because of its subjective nature ethical egoism could certainly endorse this type of behavior but again because of its subjective nature it does not necessarily do so.
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Am researching masculine and feminine traits and would like an historical perspective. BSRI has been used since 1971 but I can't find any results.
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Try Lemkau
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I am writing a dissertation on "Ethnographic Study of Gender Inequality and Racial Discrimination within UK Private Sector Prison Services" I am looking for journals relating to violence, conflict , and gender inequality in the private sector of prison  Services
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Tony Walker on Ethnography.com has written quite a bit on the ethnography of California prisons, and the racial dimension of conflict within the CA prison system...he can be contacted on academia.edu, and you can check out his posts on ethnography.com on his prison ethnography. Hope this is useful to you.
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The use of gender neutral language has been in stress in developing nations. The researchers in my Institute (TITI, Nepal) have come up with different fruitful findings and the issues they are still facing.
Thus, I intend to find out to what extent does gender biased language provoke sexual harassment, OR to what extent does the use of gender neutral language minimize sexual harassment in development nation like Nepal.
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It is assumed that gendered language demean the position of women in any situation and make them feel subordinated. Thereby it may also act as a factor of sexual harassment of women at workplace. 
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Is Western Art history the story seen from the male point of view?
What about women artists?
Where's their story?
What was their influence in art at the time?
Are they lost for art history?
Or has art history to be rewritten?
Are they all forgotten?
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The classic answer to this question is in Linda Nochlin's 1971 article, "Why Have There Been No Great Women Artists." Definitely read this if you genuinely are interested in the question. 
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Lately, I have been thinking very much about religious conversion and social change with respect to gender. I have also been thinking of race and gender together. The attached video recording which somebody sent me raised for me further questions to which I invite possible answers: How can the world become more peaceful? How can race- and gender- based inequalities be brought to an end? Thanks in advance. 
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Dear Uchem, your question amazed me! Can these social evils (namely race-gender based inequalities) be ever overcome???  We people around the world are culturally different. Perhaps there is no single solution at the global level because I know the height of gender based marginalization of women in our context. However ... we can hope and can attempt to end them... There is a study by Ahona Roy entitled "Those Voices Unheard’: Re-negotiating Gender, Masculinity and Participation"... I hope this might be useful.
Wishes,
Sabah
   
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What are some ways in which, we can encouraged female participation in development in the society, ways to empower them to do things and voice their thoughts. Promote gender equality. 
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we should educate our students in terms of gender equality.We need to raise our sons to respect and value women . 
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wish to find out how women representation in public enterprise is still at its lowest, can i get some literature or studies to this effect?
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I guess this paper can be seen as a good example for the gender relations in African agriculture.
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Nowadays, more and more female have opportunity to engage a variety of occupations, not only working in the traditionally female jobs, also can be a manager or other important post in the workplace. However, still have some information shows the opportunity for female have some limits, I want to know why female still have some limits in the workplace and is it common.
hope you can help me to complete this questionnaire, please click the link below.
many thanks :-)
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Dear Ji, 
As a woman with a career it is easy to identify some of the obstacles besides the male fear that keeps us in an inferior position: 
Szameitat and coworking: "Of those who believed in gender differences, a majority of 80% believed that women were better at multitasking. The main reasons for this were believed to be an evolutionary advantage and more multitasking practice in women, mainly due to managing children and household and/or family and job."
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I am really interested to see if there has been any work on this in the UK. I have read a lot of work done further afield but am coming up with nothing over here. It's such a different context, does anyone know if it's been studied? I would be grateful if anyone could point me in the right direction....
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Nothing to thank me for! I have some information in Spanish about gender meanstreaming in the pentecostal religion. I attach you two papers about this question but in Spanish language. I hope you find it useful.
You must know that my English is a little bit basic, but I have good friends helping me in all my translations.
Greetings
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I had to reframe the question because I want the answer grouped into social, political and economic challenges. Sorry for the inconvenience caused but again, who can help me out?
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Culture reigns supreme as an impediment for a female scientist as the study of science is expected to be for males (though women have had in road to science for a while, yet the enduring stereotype continues). 2) The Academic Environment with the Patriarchal Structure; 3) Lack of specific funding for women scientists overall.
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I need a validated/standardized questionnaire to assess the forms of and factors that contribute to gender inequalities or discriminations within the context of community development.
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Dear Charles,
You may find that the Dutch Gender Imapct assessment instrument does give you very valubale information on the forms of and factors that contribute to gender inequalities or discriminations within the context of community development. 
It is an instrument that hs been used several times, but do keep in mind that is a qualitative instrument!
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I am interested in researching gender equality curricula in early education. As a guiding principle, I argue that social gender equality will not be attained without an educational component whereby children are not only taught, explicitly, gender equality curricula, but also incorporated into an environment where gender equality is practiced.
I have been disappointed to find little academic research in this area that is not primarily concerned with gendered responses to inequities (for example, how to encourage more girls to participate in mathematics, and how to help boys improve their reading skills).
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Dear Kristen Liesch-Goodkey
Just a short email to inform you that I could recommend a book by Glenda McNaughton (2000), "Rethinking Gender in Early Childhood Education," Unwin Hyman. I think might help to you.
Best regards
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Is capitalism the main source of explanation or are there other explanations which outweigh capitalism? 
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 Hi Con Your question has cheered me up today - thank you!  
Some women committed to redistributive feminisms might say that gender inequalities are caused by the patriarchy, alongside sexisms intersection with racist, disablist and homophobic discrimination and barriers to equality, that create inequalities experienced by women.  That's not to say capitalism isn't patriarchal too, but the two explanations are different, from a feminist perspective.  Depending on which gender inequalities you are concerned with, would depend upon the explanations you looked for (e.g. are the gender inequalities  you seek to explain linked to violence, health, income, education, housing, transport, welfare, crime etc)?/ I think we are much too nuanced now as a movement to think that one explanation of inequality can suffice in every context.
If you are new to the discussion between feminisms and capitalism, try starting with Nancy Fraser:http://www.ssnpstudents.com/wp/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Feminism-Capitalism.pdf
If you are more advanced and want to think about gender inequalities in the current recession, try Sylvia Walby's awesome new book, Crisis.  
I suspect every feminist, socialist and capitalist will have a different answer to your question and you may have restarted a vibrant century-long debate!  Do send me a copy when you write on this subject and in the meantime, join us in trying to wear our privileges lightly!
Hope that helps,
Susie
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I am aware of the contributions e.g. of Cecelski, Clancy and Skutch or Pachauri and Rao for developing countries. Are there any such works for the European context? Also ints to texts which adress gender among other issues are welcome.
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The following publications on Women, Energy and Water in the Himalayas encapsulate the experiences and lessons from a project on 'Incorporating the Needs and Roles of Women in Water and Energy Management in Rural Areas in South Asia'. The UNEP and ICIMOD project was supported by the Swedish International Development Co-operation Agency (SIDA) and carried out by local partners in selected sites in Bhutan, India, and Nepal.
Women, Energy and Water in the Himalayas: Project Learning. Nairobi: UNEP and Kathmandu: ICIMOD.
Women, Energy and Water in the Himalayas, Integration of Women in Planning and Management: Policy Guidelines. Nairobi: UNEP and Kathmandu: ICIMOD.
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I am interested in exploring questions pertaining to the possibility of realizing gender equality within marital relationships and happy family life of couples in the age range of 20 to 55 years. I am thinking of gender here as the socially constructed roles, behaviors, feelings and attitudes expected of girls and boys, women and men, in a given society. I am also thinking of it in terms of the rights, power and privileges accorded or denied as well as the restrictions and taboos imposed on any sex. I make a distinction between sex (the condition of being male or female) which is biological, natural and fairly constant, and gender which is social, cultural, human-made, learned and therefore changeable. Furthermore, I think of gender equality as a situation where girls and boys, women and men, have equal opportunities for participation and enjoyment of rights, responsibilities and privileges in their society without any legal, cultural, political, economic, religious, or social hindrance on the basis of their sex. How is gender equality expressed in terms of distribution of roles, responsibilities and opportunities among family members? What role do educational attainment, religious beliefs and attitudes or the lack thereof, play in influencing such distribution in matters of: participation in family leadership/decision-making (about finance, recreation/vacation, child-bearing/rearing/caring, child-spacing, keeping a job or letting a job go, etc); who calls the shots? participation in home-making, cooking, serving, cleaning, etc; cultural/social symbolizations and ritualizations: that is who does what, why, when, where and how, based on whether they are boy or girl, woman or man? Who leads the family devotion for example? E.g who drives the car when the couple travels together? Who sits where at table? Who speaks and who must be silent? How are these symbolizations and ritualizations justified? Are the gendered practices around participation in roles, responsibilities and opportunities in family settings contributing to the overall wellbeing of humanity in light of the United Nations sustainable development goals? The questions raised here are not concerned with LGBT issues. Rather they are concerned with gender issues that are a matter of life and death for many women and girls in many world contexts. So please if anyone knows of real life examples of couples and families, anywhere the world, who are living on a basis of gender equality or if someone has any literature related to the subject of this research interest, I will be very grateful if they can share with me.
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My answer is yes, but the larger question is about cultural gender norms. Heteronormative gender norms are deeply policed within every culture throughout the world (for the most part because of the legacy of patriarchy and colonization). While you say this has nothing to do with LGBT people, it actually does. Gender norms restrict everyone's abilities to flourish in the world in the way that they were meant to be, straight women, straight men, cis-gender women, cis-gender men, and lgbti people. Gender norms are strict in order to maintain power for the patriarchal structures that exist in most cultures. Look to cultures that are matriarchal (some American Indian cultures & Akan in Ghana, etc.). Anyway, this is a very important question that you are asking as we know....as the health and well-being of women in the world go...so goes the health and well-being of the world
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Property rights of women in developing countries are poorly defined. This is despite the fact that women contribute about half of the agricultural production in rural areas and more than two-third of agriculture production in developing countries (FAO, 1997). Many scholars have already discussed about asymmetric nature of property rights and patriarchy go well hand in hand. Asymmetric property right is the single most factor for women bound to be submissive and subordinate. However, in some states laws are amended to encourage women property buyers by reducing stamp duties, cut down in registration fees, etc. Succession rights may too get amended if situation demands. In view, what could be its impact and effect on society?
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The following readings may give you grounding knowledge of different perspectives:
Di Matteo, L (2013). Women, Wealth and Economic Change: An Assessment of the Impact of Women's Property Law in Wentworth County, Ontario...Explorations in Economic History, Volume 50, Issue 2
Jacka, Tamara (2006) Rural Women in Urban China: Gender, Migration, and Social Change
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Is gender difference linked to employment barriers for youth? If yes, what type of barriers in Pakistan?
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In my opinion, the public sphere is as engendered as the private spaces of home and family. For instance, the discourse around certain professions is extremely gendered.  Youngsters are trained in such a manner throughout their academic journeys that they believe in the legitimacy of gender as a key factor when they make professional choices. I am cautious that the constructs of gender, profession and discourse are not monolithic and assume different meanings in different socio-cultural context. 
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I Operate on Gender Responsive Budgeting: GRB in Thailand. I found that the key issue of dealing with the GRB in Thailand is the lack of evidence or technical documentation or research papers supporting the outcome of GRB that could reduce the disparity and inequality in society, including Best Practices. Such experience-based information would enable the mandate that plays a major role in determining the form and method of budgeting of the country to become aware of GRB’s significant benefits, and would possibly agree to modify the format of the public sectors’ budgeting across the country as GRB. Although I examined so many research documents from multiple databases, unfortunately, found no such information. So Please recommend the articles, books, research or academic documents that can confirm or indicate that Gender Responsive Budgeting could reduce the disparity and inequality in society.
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Dear Bamboo Allcen,
Could you read Spanish? If yes, I recommend you to go tohttp://www.juntadeandalucia.es/haciendayadministracionpublica/planif_presup/genero/preguntas.htm
The Junta de Andalucia is using the GRB since 2003 and there you can find answers for your questions and solutions. 
where you can find a lot of bibliography in Spanish but also in English.
Good luck!!
Gloria
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I'm planning to explore gender disparities in the Occupational Therapy profession in my country, Mauritius, for my dissertation. There are more women therapists than men. I'm looking for resources. I also want to know about any similar project that has been done in other countries. 
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I have been looking at the issue in relation to helath professionals in general and there isn't much
Look at this:
Mohammadreza Hojat, Ph.D.,Joseph S. Gonnella, M.D.,Thomas J. Nasca, M.D.
Salvatore Mangione, M.D.,Michael Vergare, M.D.,Michael Magee, M.D.
Physician Empathy: Definition, Components,
Measurement, and Relationship to Gender and Specialty
(Am J Psychiatry 2002; 159:1563–1569)
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It is proved that stopping rule behaviour does not have an effect on sex ratio at birth but it is still believed that it has effect on sex ratio at last birth. How to correct the sex ratio at last birth? What are the policy options? Just focusing on sex selective abortions through legal means may not help the developing countries like India? What are alternative options? Will correcting sex ratio of last birth contribute to balance the sex ratio? The last birth comprising 20% to 30% of total births in a country with TFR of 2.6, so there is a need to encourage the parents that even they can stop the family size with a female child. What kind of incentives need to be announced for them? India is already offering conditional cash transfer but not exactly to the girl child who is last birth of the parents. Is it acceptable if the government offers incentives for parents who have a female child as last birth with parents having only two children?
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It is dependent to ones norms and the State policies pl.
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I am looking for statistics on the representation of female technical staff in the German Tech sector, companies like Deutsche Telekom, BMW, SAP, Software AG, etc.
Tracy Chou maintains a list for a number of Silicon Valley firms in the US:
however, I have been unable to find a similar list for Germany.
Any assistance would be appreciated.
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Dear Richard,
Thanks.
By BIBB, do I take it that you mean the Bundesinstitut für Berufsbuildung, http://www.bibb.de?
Mark
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I am doing a paper discussing the sexual assaults that have occurred on university grounds. It has been suggested that I also look at the decisions makers in relation to the implementation of policy and follow-up investigations to such events. As far as I can see many of these decision are made by men, and the majority of the security force staff are a ratio of 8:1 (or higher). When I look at research papers discussing security process they appear to be all written by men, and yet the papers discussing sexual assaults are written by women.
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Maybe Acker's work might be interesting to you. She has studied gender in organisations including structures including implicit and explicit use of power, e.g.: Acker, J. (2006). Inequality regimes. Gender, class, and race in organizations. Gender & Society, 20(4), 441-464.
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this question is related to gender and career advancement . 
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Thanks Dapo,
It recently occurred to me that Prof. Kurt April might make an excellent resource for your question and perhaps also serve as a matchmaker in case you are seeking a mentor or collaborators. http://www.kurtapril.co.za/
Mark
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I want to study the relationship of agency and social change taking the case of women entrepreneurship in developing countries like India. And to seek future scope in terms of formulating an appropriate education that promotes entrepreneurship. 
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I think this 2014 paper 'The gendering of entrepreneurship context' will be of help in your research.
Good Luck
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Impact of HE on gender empowerment
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In earlier times, when fewer women took to higher studies, a few among those learned ones opted for their career,with the result they were more at a disadvantage,as compared to the other sex. These disadvantages are slowly but steadily vanishing as more of the present day females go for higher education.Today you will find greater number of females in higher positions,both in government & in NGO's.One will fine a better work atmosphere & higher efficiency in those work stations staffed by higher educated females.
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I am conducting a research on inheritance rights of women, laws are there but in practice, it is almost non existed. I am interested in deconstructing the belief system  in the culture that create obstacles. Any one can guide me how to analysis this phenomenon.
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Dear Shahla,
Speaking from my personal experience, the best way to analyze proverbs is to use to cognitive semantic approach and view each proverb as a metonymic reframing of a general situation (in your case gender-related inheritance rights violation) as a specific one (the situation presented in each one of the proverbs you'll be analyzing). As to situations, they are defined by: 1) their temporal frame; 2) the agents and the patients/beneficiaries involved in the activity; 3) the activity itself (state, dynamic state, process or event). In any case, you can perform deep structure analysis of each [proverb first (The case for case revisited, Fillmore 1968) and then, after you've uncovered the essence of each situation under scrutiny, you can turn your attention to the semantic component of each proverb. The question you need to ask here is, What are the means of conceptualizing a highly abstract sphere of life, such as  ideology or culture, as a specific event, activity or process. For example, in Bulgarian we have a proverb that says, He who bends his head low does not get hurt by a sword. Historically, this is a reflection of the time when Bulgaria was dominated by different invaders, but the specific situation through which this is conceptualized is one of taming violence through obedience and docility.
An important problem you need to solve, however, before you start the analysis is the criteria of excerpting your corpus. One way to do so is to look for proverbs with certain lexical items as key semantic components. Another way to compile your data is to think of a prototypical specific situation (say family relations and the obligations of women in the house) and take out all the proverbs that relate to this. Then you can short-list only those that are associated to the issue of ideology.
To illustrate this technique, I'm sending you a relevant excerpt from my PhD thesis.
Good luck in  your research,
Milena
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Hello. I am looking for gender differences in the literature of new high-technology ventures (start-ups), in these areas:
·      Knowledge and experience
·      Funding sources, survival, growth and expansion
·      Teams of co-founders and employees
·      Industries and products
·      Networking
·      Performance
I have found some studies that cover gender differences in funding, incubator, co-founders, but anything else. Thank you.
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I am working on the relationships between attitudes and behaviors in explaining men's contribution to housework. I am looking for a clear theoretical distinction between attitudes, values, norms, beliefs and preferences since I've seen that different disciplines use them as synonyms. Thank you
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Hi,
Have you thought about Masculine Honor? Don Saucier (Kansas State Univ.) is developing a measure of masculine honor that accounts for several honor related attitude dimensions, but broadly, it predicts the use of aggression to protect honor. It would be interesting to explore whether men high in masculine honor would choose household activities that allow them to maintain to their sense of honor. For example, protecting the family is an important dimension, so maybe men high in MH will only take on projects that are deemed "essential" to the household (i.e., repairing the roof), and other projects that show neighboring men how "masculine" they are (i.e., sociocultural issues of male pride in the U.S., such as a manicured lawn, hedges - however, SES concerns may drive this behavior). De-masculating activities may be folding laundry, or doing dishes.
Also, benevolent sexism comes to mind. Maybe men help more in the house if they believe women "need" the help. Or maybe, it's a subtle form of hostile sexism, dominance-maintaining helping.
Just some thoughts, Happy Days,
DT
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I am looking for contributors to an edited collection on this topic
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Dear Spyros,
I am currently in the midst of directing a project with gay Muslim men along with my colleague, Eric M. Rodriguez, Ph.D.. Depending upon your timeline and needs (empirical studies vs. literature review), it may be helpful for us to connect. Please feel free to reach out!
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1. how to construct observation schedule
2. suggest any schedule
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I suggest using ground theory approach (inductive). From the observation and a small interview of experts you can design your schedule. I agree with ethnographic methodologies
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Generally, the categorial needs of women are often neglected in urban planning and design practices. Women in GCCs are getting more educated, and building up careers in various professional fields at an accelerated pace. Given this emergence, the women are getting more mobile in the daily lives, which stems a lot of different needs, that are different in nature and type. Arguably, the contemporary urban planning approach in the GCC cities, has not been gender inclusive/sensitive yet.
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I interest in  studies of gender issues in architecture and urban planning. I wonder if there are any arguments which show how gender was taken into account in architecture and urban planning? What are the added-values?
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I have often heard that among those holding advanced degrees, men are more likely than women to be referred to as "Dr."  However, after two days of searching through the electronic databases I am finding it difficult to get any hard numbers or track down any empirical studies supporting this assertion. Is anyone aware of any?
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I did research on this exact question at my college.  Many years ago though.  I presented the results at a conference (AWP I'm pretty sure), but didn't publish. 
I had faculty keep a log for two weeks of what titles students used to address them. I can try to dig up the paper if you'd like to see it.  [Men were addressed as Dr. more often, women as Professor.]
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Anybody working on muslim women, sport and leisure in Europe, and how local governments are managing cultural and religious diversity in a gender perspective? I'm looking for qualitative studies carried out in South EU countries. 
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Your most welcome, Maria. I am so pleased to find others who are interested in gender studies.
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I am, and would like to partner with others.
Closing the male-female employment gap is good for economic growth. Research indicates that narrowing this gap has been an important driver of Europe’s economic growth over the past decade. The World Economic Forum reveals that, regardless of their income level, countries that divide resources equitably between women and men fare better than those that do not.  
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a question to pose here also would be if these instruments of measurements are gender-biased or not. e.g. you might want to weighten the assets as well
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We provide evidence that observed gender differences with respect to political representation of the national majority of voters (made up of men and women) may be reduced to an ideological left-right dimension. Thus, female and male representatives adhere equally close to the majority's preferences if party affiliations are taken into account.
If this result is also valid for other countries, how would you evaluate female quotas in parliaments? How may political representation of specific groups be achieved?
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It matters as long as women representing society have a gender education and gender mentality. If women playing in the political arena have still patriarchal mentality , we are in trouble!
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I am interested in data related to the imbalance of females in ICT careers as well as initiating additional research.
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I would recommend European Commission report http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-13-905_en.htm
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Universities have long traditions of offering staff and students the freedom to do research – but what are the pressing issues and perspectives, especially for women? I would be grateful if you can share your experiences, stating in which country you work and in which part of the higher education sector you are a member of staff or a student.
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I see the leaky pipeline is still with us .... we still have a long way to go ... need flexible working conditions, life-work balance, for both women and men !!! and not only in the academia.
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I am struggling with defining this concept. Is coercive heterosexuality about sexual harassment and sexual abuse or is coercive heterosexuality about trying to coerce non-heterosexuals in some way to being heterosexual.
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Dear Cindy,
Your question is a very good one and it is possible that the situation is becoming less clear cut though time. A very good chapter which criticizes normative approaches to heterosexuality is:
Rubin, Gayle 1975. The traffic in women: notes on the 'political economy' of sex. In _Toward an Anthropology of Women_, Rayna R. Reiter (ed.), New York: Monthly Review Press, pp 157- 210.
See also: Caplan, Pat 1987. Introduction. In _The Cultural Construction of Sexuality_. Pat Caplan (ed.), London & New York: Tavistock, pp 1-30.
Rubin's article examined 'the overlapping works of Claude Levi-Strauss and Sigmund Freud'. She offered a profound critique of Levi-Strauss's use of alliance theory in kinship studies, pointing out that the 'exchange of women' in marriage from one group of men to another enshrined a normative position that was based on a form of compulsory heterosexuality. It should be remembered that Rubin's chapter is based on Levi-Strauss's earlier work on kinship. Levi-Strauss went on to consider societies that were not integrated through the bonds of kinship, whether based on alliance or descent, in his concept of 'house societies', in which the members are not necessarily connected by kinship.
Is the role of what is called the 'family' important to help you think through your question? There is some interesting literature from the San Francisco Bay area on mutuality among non-heterosexual family units:
Muraco, Anna 2006 Intentional families: fictive kin ties between cross-gender, different sexual orientation friends, _Journal of Marriage and Family_ 68(5): 1313-1325.
Weston, Kath 1991. _Families we choose lesbians, gays, kinship_. New York: Columbia University Press.
Weston, Kath 1993. Lesbian/gay studies in the house of anthropology, _Annual Review of Anthropology_ 22: 339-367.
For a different perspective from Oaxaca, Mexico, on attitudes to the relationship between sexuality and gender, see:
Stephen, Lynn 2002. Sexualities and genders in Zapotec Oaxaca, _Latin American Perspectives_ 29 (2): 41-59.
This last article relies on the notion of a third gender, which I do not find entirely satisfactory, but the article is very interesting on social situations where there is a less coercive acceptance of non-heterosexuality than in other parts of the world, especially among men.
With best wishes for your research.
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I'm looking for sources of data as well as potential collaborators for cross-country comparisons of protest movements, particularly their demands.
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Probably, you could find some data in the recently released version [6th Wave] of the World Values Survey. Official documentation and data are available at the website below.
WVS
Also, although a little old one, you might be interested in the following article.
Participation and protest in the European Union and the ‘outsider’ states
Thank you for your kind attention.
Best wishes,
Katsuto Furusawa
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Several women became CEOs of very big companies in 2013.
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I think that is very interesting indeed - and I am aware that in general such gender differences can be identified (though the devil is, as always, in the details). However, the CEO crowd is so very small that perhaps it does not allow us to draw any meaningful conclusions about institutional logics. It is the leap to company performance measures that gives me pause. As for the orthogonality of cognitive styles with culture, that is not the only influence we might imagine. Your question sounded as if it were eliciting information/opinions but it seems that you have the answers...
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Wage could differ by gender. At identical work, identical tasks but the payment is various. It is correct? Maybe your answer will clarify this common, ordinary historical fact in many organizations and countries.
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I will give my contribute based on the tourism sector and its reality. Unlike what you may think, employment is mostly filled by women candidates. The majority of tourism jobs are held by women who, in most cases, may even have more academic qualifications than their bosses. And yes, their bosses are precisely men. Men who decided to invest and somehow made it on top and now became bosses. I say bosses because it has a different concept than being a manager or a leader. To sum up, women are the ones whose personality and attitudes are closest to being leaders by nature. Men hold the best positions and women the worst and when compared, men bosses earn more than their female counterparts. There are significant differences in terms of those salaries. However, when it comes to employees there are also differences but those tend to be slight less significant than when compared with bosses. But still, men earn more than women and the fact is that every gender is capable of doing a perfect job and in a smart way.
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A core concept in sociology, political science, organizational behaviour and business, social capital is relatively new in the context of sport governance. In exploring the boundaries of both sport and social capital in theory and practice, one can see sport as a form of positive (bridging) social capital that promotes social cohesion, trust, social ties, etc. Could it also be perceived as a social space that promotes dark or exclusonary social capital since sport politics do not always deliver the social benefits they proclaim due to commercialization, doping, gender discrimination or institutionalized gender personification, the leaky pipeline and the glass ceiling in SGBs and in competitive sports.
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In my Ph thesis I explored the concepts of social capital related to socioeconomic status in competitive youth sport. We found social mobility expectations, individual either familiar, and that sport could be a familiar strategy in disadvantaged youth sport in Mexico. I was focused from the social capital theory and, in my opinion these families believe that their sons or daughters being successful in sports could exchange their sport capital into social capital and therefore in economical capital.
Social capital and it measurement especifically in sports interests me a lot. I am working now in some projects about these constructs.
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In a world where technology is making rapid strides and the barriers of genders are becoming dismantled, politics continues to be predominantly male. There is no doubt governance is enriched when women are seen equals and given equal responsibilities.
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Women should have equality not just in constitution but in practice.Some political parties claim their key agenda is women empowerment to ensure national prosperity.In actual practice it is missing. Women Reservation Bill in India ( 33.3 percent reservation of seats for women in the Parliament and Assemblies) has not been passed for15 years.
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Do you know any studies which confirmed such hypothesis?
I am waiting for your recommendations (regarding specific reports, articles you know).
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Dear Aysha, your passion is admirable and it is this passion that no doubt has been responsible for the support that shelter victims have received. I understand the concern that the recent attacks on issues such as women's health have made it clear that gains achieved in the late 20th century are not as stable as young adults perceive them to be. However, where there are statements that might feel true based on lived experience they are not supported by research studies. I've provided some cites for the many of the observations I've noted below.
IPV rates have declined in the US, while lower, it is at a rate comparable with crime in general (including assaults). Among college students females engage in more IPV than males.
Regarding "Backlash" this isn't coming solely from men. There are many women whose experiences are not consistent with those in shelters or murdered/attempted murder, particularly women who either experience only psychological IPV or mild-moderate physical IPV I have spoken with some and they feel that the traditional IPV advocates are overlooking their needs in order to provide support to shelter victims. To ignore these women's experiences is counter to the origins of feminist research. Because traditional IPV advocates are feminist's doesn't mean that all of their positions reflect feminist research principals.
Unfortunately, the evidence continues to mount against the traditional IPV model that "power and control" causes IPV among those who have been arrested for IPV or in the community. In fact, comparing outcomes for individuals who are arrested with no treatment and those who are arrested and receive treatment -- they have essentially the same outcomes. Instead of blaming this on men's resistance to treatment, substance abuse offenders had similar problems yet a treatment model was developed that gets results (Motivational Enhancement Interviewing). My concern is that unless traditional IPV advocates are willing to explore a more nuanced model and target funding for victims in their niche (shelters, hospital emergency room, protection orders) they are going to loose the VAWA funding as well as community funding becuase they blamed "blacklash" and tried to convince people to ignore research findings after 1995 instead of adapting their theory to accommodate the research in the past 15-20 years.
I began my Ph.D. program (recently) with similar views and it sounds like i grew up in the same timeframe as yourself. But as a researcher, I need to follow the data and explore the disconnect between the data and personal experiences/traditional IPV theory. Perhaps as researchers we have to become comfortable with holding paradox while following a theoretical position while continuously scanning the research for shifts.
Warmly, Kathy
Cho, H., & Wilke, D. (2005). How has the violence against women act affected the response of the criminal justice system to domestic violence. Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare, 32(4), 125-140.
Catalano, S. (2007). Intimate Partner Violence in the United States. U.S. Department of Justice. Retrieved from http://library.softgenx.com/Children/DV/ipv%201993-2004.pdf
Straus, M. A. (2008). Dominance and symmetry in partner violence by male and female university students in 32 nations. Children and Youth Services Review, 30, 252–275, doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2007.10.004.
Langhinrichsen- Rohling, J., McCullars, A., & Misra, T. (2012). #10 Motivations for men and women’s intimate partner violence perpetration: A comprehensive review. Partner Abuse, 3(2), 1-33.
Stover, C. S., Meadows, A. L., & Kaufman, J. (2009). Interventions for intimate partner violence: Review and implications for evidence-based practice. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 40(3), 223-233. 10.1037/a0012718
Stith, S. M., Smith, D. B., Penn, C. E., Ward, D. B., & Tritt, D. (2004). Intimate partner physical abuse perpetration and victimization risk factors: A meta-analytic review. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 10(1), 65-98. 10.1016/j.avb.2003.09.001
Bohan, J. (2002). Sex differences and/in the self: classic themes and feminist variations, postmodern challenges. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 26, 74-88.
Weisstein, N. (1993). Psychology constructs the female, or the fantasy life of the male psychologist (with some attention to the fantasies of his friends, the male biologist and the male anthropologist. Feminism & Psychology, 3:2, 195-210.
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I am writing an article about women who work in the veterinary field, mainly with farm animals. The intention is to evaluate the occurrence of gender discrimination practices against these professionals and analyze what is the main type of preconception suffered by female veterinarians in the field.
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I feel this study requires an emperical study. As far as i know there are very less women in this field
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This is a profoundly disturbing article, pointing to persistent and pervasive cultural biases of academics to young women scholars. NYTimes: http://nyti.ms/1f0jL3m Hint: The answer has more to do with “The Big Bang Theory” than with longstanding theories about men’s so-called natural aptitude.
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women are discriminated at all spheres and especially it is evinced in education and profession by labeling it as hard and soft for females. further science subject is hardly reachable to all due to varied reasons like cost, attitudes towards the subject, prevalence, professional growth in traditional sciences etc all impedes women into entering science subject. education is given to women just to know 3 R's and henceforth women and science going together is less prevalent but not absent.
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What needs to be in a gender policy for it to be effective? Also, what sort of conceptual or theoretical framework is needed for such a study?
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Today’s global economic crisis requires integrating a gender perspective which means eliminating the wastage of talent, utilizing all human resources, the entire talent pool- and as a result, boosting innovation which is a prerequisite for economic growth and sustainable development. So I agree with Ben Wadham’s point that "gender involves both men and women, and an emphasis on gender partnerships", including respect for diversity regardless of race, religion, handicap, age, sexual orientation, etc.
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I am working on an experiment on gender bias in hiring decisions. I am comparing whether females are more likely to hire females due to group identification, or females are more likely to hire males due to social norm. I am measuring social norm using warmth-competence IAT, but I would like to know what would be a good measure for identification within a gender group?
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There are a number of validated measures available. A good source of recent papers, reviews, etc is the Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin.
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Any theoretical or empirical analyses can work.
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Dear Pr Gartaula,
As I have received a PhD. in gender studies, I have developed further research in gender and entrepreneurship.
Recently, I have been very interested in gender issues concerning Mid-Eastern women in the context of entrepreneurship and management. Therefore, I would recommend you two interesting papers:
-Jamali, D. (2009), Constraints and opportunities facing women entrepreneurs in developing countries: A relational perspective, Gender in Management: An International Journal, 24 (4): 232-251
-Syed, J & Özbilgin, M. (2009), A relational framework for international transfer of diversity management practices, The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 20 (12): 2435-2453.
These two papers elaborate a very interesting cultural, strategic, and political framework that reveals the interactions between women and business world in a given context. Similarly, from a psychosocial point of view, in 2009, I have tried to analyse the interactions between women business owners and their employees and stakeholders in order to see how they elaborate their strategic and managerial decisions. However, I have overlooked the cultural and political context. If I would develop a new research on gender in the context of strategic choices, I would use Jamali's framework. At the same time, I have the impression that Jamali's framework should be more critical...here are the references of my paper:
Redien-Collot, R. (2009), «Female Entrepreneurs’Authority: Is the Creative Aspect of Authority a Masculine Fiction in Managerial and Entrepreneurial Paradigms? » , Journal of Enterprising Culture, 17 (4): 419-441. http://www.worldscinet.com/jec/17/1704/S0218495809000448.html
I can send you this paper if you are interested.
Best Regards
Renaud
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How people relate themselves with gender specific actions and reactions? Are they predetermined or based on situational reactions?
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The othering method is suitable
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CSR and gender parity
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Using CSR within corporations to bring parity is very possibly especially if an organization is socially responsible internally and therefore work on human resources policies and practices to guard for gender parity. This can be researched doing exploratory research in different countries and selecting specific industries like for example service industry.
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This was simply an observation, but I'd like to know if any research has been done in this area. Professions like teaching, psychotherapy or nursing are dominated by women - both in employee and employer roles. Is the worth or value of these professions associated to the number of women in them? Consequently, when men enter the game, does the economic worth of these professions rise?
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Agreed, which is why I hope it makes/made for an interesting research question too :)
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Family violence - underlying reasons
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I am doing 'Women empowerment through micro credit on self employment' to my PhD programme and analyze the women empowerment at household level and community level. the domestic violence also one of the variable at household level. My sample is women headed households and who are suffering from various issues in my country. If I will do this topic iIn my country It will be 'violence against women' it may be domestic and community violence. You can decide which is suitable in your country. And I appreciate your comments on this regards.
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There is no true definition to the two words "gender" and "equality" and together it makes no sense, unless we start discussing the true meaning of the words and applying them.
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The main problem is, I guess, that gender is necessarily plural - not a dichotomy between male and female, but rather a big range of different identities, roles, aspirations and so on. So, if you talk about equality, you are not only talking about women's emancipation, but also about the creation of equal position for minority identities (like the famous topos of the black, lesbian communist with a disability).
Concerning this complex, it results hard not to fall into gender mainstreaming -that is, an approach with a considerable theoretic development but that remains reduced to women's emancipation and participation and does not really address the issue of gender at all.
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More specifically, are there any inpatient or outpatient addiction treatment programs for men only or women only in your country? Are you aware of programs which cater to specific treatment needs of men and of women? I wonder particularly if in the Nordic countries the quest about gender equality hampers gender specific treatment modalities.
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Harald, Anglicare Southern Queensland through Better Relationships offers counselling for men only too. See their Living Well Men's Group at :
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Environmental problems affect women differently than men because of the role they play in their communities.
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Fist things first, Africa is not a country but a continent. There will be differences in schooling depending on among other things, which country you are investigating, its geography, cultural values about educating girls (and boys) and social spending on education. Of course climate change may and probably does play a role, but the question is too general to provide a theoretical/methodological approach to solving it.
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Since the Beijing platform for action in 1995, there has been an increase in gender awareness in almost all sectors of development, with the water sector not an exception. Yet, there is still gender discrimination in terms of water use, access and control, especially in the rural areas. There have been numerous studies into the factors leading to that, yet it is still prevailing. So the question is, is the problem from the lower levels or with the water management institutions who are the implementers of water policies and strategies as well as gender mainstreaming policy in water sector. Moreover, it is evident that, since 1995, most water institutions have not yet done a review of their water gender policy, AMCOW asserted. What are some of the components that needs to be in an effective gender mainstreaming policy or strategy?
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Am not a social scientist but had an enlightening talk with community members involved in water management in India. My take was that with most rural communities still biased towards a labor distribution with men concentrating on the infrastructural systems while women in the service systems implementation of gender parity in water management would not take forward steps even if the policy papers to that effect are prepared. according to me a first step towards such gender parity would be in the implementation of land policies that would give women a greater voice in management and control of land resources.
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Are women - with equal skills as their male colleagues - still viewed as minor in leadership positions, and does their ethnic identity matter?
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I agree with Phillip, ethnic identity, race, sex, age - all of these variables manner some more than others. Two of my favorite writers on these issues are R. Moss-Kanter, Men and women in the corporation and K. Crenshaw, Demarginalizing the intersections of race and sex. Both attack the same problem but from different perspectives. I think you will find them useful.
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I've read Dyer & McCann (2000) and want to know if there's anything recent. It appears female custody litigants will score higher than males on scales 4, 5 and 7 since the BR scores are weighted differently for men and women, and I'm looking for recent research that may have built upon Dyer & McCann's child custody litigation norms to avoid false-positive diagnoses on these three scales.
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There are several studies that you need to review. McCann et al (2001) was the first that addressed the gender bias issues, with females scoring significantly higher on the Histrionic, Compulsive and Narcissistic scales, respectively. Halon (2001) also noted the normal "quartet" in custody, with elevations on the Desirability, Histrionic, Compulsive and Narcissistic scales. Hynan (2004) discusses the lack of support for females having higher scores on the three elevations (i.e., Histrionic, Compulsive and Narcissistic) in the general population. Even the MCMI-III manual [4th edition] discusses the problem with these three scales. The major problem, as noted by Craig (2006) is that the research does not support the interpretation of the Histrionic, Compulsive and Narcissistic scales; they do not measure those three concepts. I have added to the McCann et al (2001) database, and now have an n of 850. In my opinion, the MCMI-III should NOT be used in child custody evaluations due to the high probability of false positive elevations on theHistrionic, Compulsive and Narcissistic scales and inappropriate interpretations.
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If a training program is to be organized for women ULB officials, what should be put up as training components.
Following the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act in India, it has been made mandatory to reserve 33 % of ULB positions for women. In quantity the demand has been fulfilled, but there is certain lack of qualitative input by these women officials. Hence as part of Capacity Development Program for ULB, a training program is to be organized. Women in India have been holding a relegated position in society, not much aware of the development issue. Some require extensive awareness and training/capacity building programs. Are there any suggestions for a groundwork for such a program?
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1-planning and organizing to action for women's civic services
2- participation, team working and communications
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People are more caught up in the media with sexism and racism but we do not really hear how it affects the individual. Most people look at television commercials or ads and focus on what the ad says, but how about the person who actually has to be in the ad. Do you think that psychologically this person is affected.
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It causes a lot of insecurity. Many women are obsessed with being thin or being 'white'. Imagine the huge amounts of money spent on whitening products or getting rid of 'excess' fat. The concept of beauty has now been redefined by women and men themselves. I do not know who benefits from this and at whose expense.
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Some scholars have identified certain social and cultural practices as contributors to girl`s poor academic performance in schools.
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Dear Faustinus, I think you could to use gender theory. There you find a clear explanation about gender as domain of social practice. An author Pierre Bourdieu. Good luck!
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Are there any established gender differences in political behaviour? I am interested in cultural differences. Could you suggest any published research about women political behavior and participation?
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In India women got reservations in three tire system of local self governance almost a decade back . Still the observations shows that there is gender pattern of political participation. There are some studies conducted in India about women's experiences about political participation.
I have observed that there is lot of difference in the dynamics of contesting elections, the issues raised by women and men, the strategies to dialogue with the voters [In India the women adopt very culture specific strategies] , the experiences women get in the elected houses etc.
Many Ph. D. scholars also have worked on these issues.
dr. anjali kulkarni,Pune India
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I would also be grateful for suggestions on reading material. Thank you!
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@ Patra Yes gender equality is about our thoughts, behavior equal for both men and women but not only at home but at all the spheres of life. whether inside or out side the home or at globe level...