Gastroenterology - Science topic

Calculus bovis (C. bovis) is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine due to its anti-tumor effects. C. bovis shifts liver cancer tumor microenvironment towards regression by hindering tumor-associated macrophages polarization. Huang et al have demonstrated in their study that C. bovis inhibits M2-tumour-associated macrophages (TAM) polarization...

Objective To investigate the perceptions of internal medicine trainees (IMTs) towards a career in gastroenterology and identify factors influencing their specialty choices. Design/Method A 26-item electronic questionnaire was circulated to IMTs across the UK. The responses were analysed using descriptive statistics, χ² and multivariate analysis to...

Background: Temporal prevalence studies of worldwide obesity have confirmed that this epidemic continues to worsen and investigators have suggested that the scope of this problem may indeed be underestimated. The pathogenesis of the condition is multifactorial and complex, and it has been suggested that early life exposure to environmental chemical...

In this editorial, we comment on Liu et al’ s article published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Gastroenterology . Biochemically and pathologically, Liu et al proved that the urate-lowering activity of leech total protein (LTP) was mainly attributed to the rectification of gut microbiota. Specifically, we noticed the change in Bacteroid...

la cirrhose est le stade évolutif de la plupart des maladies chroniques du foie. Objectif : décrire les aspects épidémiologiques et pronostiques de la cirrhose décompensée dans un contexte de forte endémicité au virus de l’hépatite B. Patients et Méthodes : Il s’agissait d’une étude descriptive transversale à collecte rétrospective allant du 1er Ja...

Introduction: Scoliosis corresponds to the misalignment or deviation of the spine to the side. It can be accompanied by rotation of the vertebrae. In the adult population, 60% suffer from scoliosis, altering posture and pain. Analyzing research studies, Pilates have been selected for the management of the pathology. Objective: Implement a Pilates-b...

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global health problem. Isolated anti-hepatitis B core (HBc) serologic pattern is the most common atypical serologic profile and is defined as positive anti-HBc and negative hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-HBs. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of isolated anti-HB...

Objective: We aimed to systematically investigate the associations between racial discrimination and various health outcomes and to evaluate the certainty of evidence from existing meta-analyses of observational studies. Method: We systemically searched the associations between racial discrimination and health outcomes for PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, W...

Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI) is defined as a reduction in pancreatic exocrine secretion below the level that allows the normal digestion of nutrients. Pancreatic disease and surgery are the main causes of PEI. However, other conditions and upper gastrointestinal surgery can also affect the digestive function of the pancreas. PEI can caus...

Objective Lack of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) have emerged as critical global health concerns in children and are believed to be associated with functional constipation (FC). The present study aims to explore this potential association. Design A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Librar...

Zusammenfassung Der Morbus Crohn (MC), eine chronisch-entzündliche Darmerkrankung (CED), ist durch eine übergreifende transmurale Entzündung des Gastrointestinaltrakts gekennzeichnet, die zu entzündlichen und fibrotischen Stenosen führen kann. Bei etwa 20 % der Patient:innen mit einem MC werden innerhalb von 10 Jahren nach Diagnosestellung Stenosen...

Maintaining precise intragastric pressure during gastrointestinal endoscopy is critical for patient safety and diagnostic accuracy, yet current methods relying on manual adjustments pose risks of improper insufflation. This study aimed to develop an automated gastric pressure control system for flexible endoscopy, addressing these challenges with a...

Objective To study the interobserver agreement for diagnosing Helicobacter pylori gastritis using narrow band imaging (NBI) with magnification. Methods This prospective study recruited patients who underwent gastroscopy for dyspepsia in the Department of Gastroenterology, Aster MIMS Hospital, Kannur.361 patients were included in the study. The gas...

The indication for treatment of viral hepatitis B and C depends on the degree of deterioration of liver function and secondarily viral load. APRI and MELD scores are WHO-validated tests for the assessment of liver fibrosis. They are inexpensive and non-invasive. Many patients suffer from viral hepatitis B or C in the Democratic Republic of Congo. T...

Introdução Na área da saúde, a formulação de recomendações com base em um processo adequado de síntese de evidências fornece subsídio científico para a tomada de decisão tanto para pacientes, profissionais de saúde e para gestores. A adoção de processos padronizados para o desenvolvimento de diretrizes clínicas visa garantir o rigor metodológico pa...

Introduction : L’hépatite virale C est un véritable problème de santé publique dans le monde. Patients et Méthodes : Il s’agissait d’une étude analytique prospective portant sur tous les patients suivis dans le service durant la période d’étude. Elle a été menée du 1er Janvier 2022 au 30 Mars 2024 soit 27 mois en consultation externe du service d’H...

Introdução O Ministério da Saúde, MS, vem adquirindo inovações promissoras e controvertidas e as testando mediante estudos controlados em polos de referência da Rede SUS. Apresenta-se o exemplo da aquisição de um robô cirúrgico visando avaliar segurança, efetividade e sua relação de custo-efetividade em um UNACON. Métodos Estudo controlado randomiz...

Background: Ingestion of corrosive substances can cause severe gastrointestinal (GI) tract damage, leading to life-threatening complications. The severity depends on the substance type, quantity, and intent behind ingestion. Early endoscopic evaluation is crucial for assessing injury extent and guiding management. This study aimed to evaluate the t...

Inconsistent documentation of large-volume paracentesis (LVP) procedures in a tertiary hospital presents risks to patient safety and procedural quality. This study aimed to improve the completeness and accuracy of LVP documentation through the implementation of a structured checklist, developed in alignment with the British Society of Gastroenterol...

Rationale: This case report highlights the essential role of dental and medical professionals in the early diagnosis of Gardner’s syndrome (GS). Patient Concerns: A 21‑year‑old patient presented with painless, progressively enlarging swelling on both sides of the face, which had developed over the past few years. Diagnosis: Imaging, including a pan...

Background Most individuals who come under the care of large healthcare systems will have experienced at least one traumatic incident in their lifetime that may continue to influence their mental and physical health, disease management, and engagement with treatment and medical professionals. Histories of trauma are especially common in patients wi...

The rising use of diagnostic imaging has led to an increase in the incidental detection of pancreatic cysts, with reported incidences of 1.2–2.6% on Computed Tomography and 2.4–49.1% on Magnetic Resonance Imaging. While many of these cysts are asymptomatic and benign, the enhanced imaging techniques have also revealed malignant and premalignant les...

Introduction The evolving landscape of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) necessitates refining colonoscopic surveillance guidelines. This study outlines methodology adopted by the British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) Guideline Development Group (GDG) for updating IBD colorectal surveillance guidelines. Methods and analysis The ‘Grading of Reco...

Hemorrhoidal disease (HD) is a prevalent proctological condition that has puzzled people since ancient times, and the most common symptom is painless bleeding. Traditional treatments include conservative treatment, nonsurgical office-based treatments, and surgery. Sclerotherapy is one of the oldest forms of nonoperative intervention and is widely u...

Correction to “Effect of CXCR3/HO-1 genes modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on small bowel transplant rejection. World J Gastroenterol 2017 June 14; 23 (22): 4016-4038”. In this article, there is a picture that needs to be corrected.

This study aims to evaluate the value of the platelet-to-albumin ratio (PAR) in predicting acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. A descriptive cross-sectional analysis was conducted at multiple centers on 295 patients with decompensated cirrhosis, treated at the Department of Gastroenterology - Can Tho Central General...

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into healthcare, particularly in the field of gastroenterology, marks a significant advancement in the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic disorders. This narrative review explores the application of AI in enhancing Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS) imaging techniques for pancreatic pathologies, focusing...

Aim The study aimed to clarify how nutrition was managed in patients based on surgical site during the first 7 d after gastroenterological cancer surgery. Methods A Japanese medical claims database was used to identify patients who had gastroenterological cancer surgery from 2011 to 2022. Patients were divided into groups based on the surgical sit...

Background Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) still has a relatively high complication rate, underscoring the importance of high‐quality training. Despite existing guidelines, real‐world data on training conditions remain limited. This pan‐European survey aims to systematically explore the perceptions surrounding ERCP training....

Background/Objectives: The management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) includes, besides the control of symptoms, the prevention of organ damage and the improvement of the overall disability. Methods: A single-centered, cross-sectional, non-interventional and population-based study was conducted between October 2023 and August 2024 in the Depart...

Kawasaki disease (KD), an acute systemic vasculitis that primarily affects children under 5 years of age, is the leading cause of acquired heart disease in this age group. Recent studies propose a novel perspective on KD’s etiology, emphasizing the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, particularly the role of gut permeability. This review delves into how d...

Aim Previous studies indicated that short‐term outcomes for gastroenterological surgeries did not worsen during the COVID‐19 pandemic. However, it remains unclear whether surgical volumes and medical resource use have recovered postpandemic. This study examines pre‐ and postpandemic trends in upper gastrointestinal surgeries, including esophagectom...

BACKGROUND: Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is defined as an overgrowth of microorganisms more than 103 microbial bodies in 1 ml and non-specific symptoms (abdominal pain, flatulence, unstable stool, diarrhea or constipation). AIM: The aim of the study is to based on the study of the prevalence and age characteristics of various varian...

Background Previous research has raised concerns regarding inconsistencies between reported and pre-specified outcomes in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) across various biomedical disciplines. However, studies examining whether similar discrepancies exist in RCTs focusing on gastrointestinal and liver diseases are limited. This study aimed to a...

Proctitis refers to inflammation in the rectum and may result in rectal bleeding, discharge, urgency, tenesmus, and lower abdominal pain. It is a common presentation, particularly in genitourinary medicine and gastroenterology, as the two most common causes are sexually transmitted infections and inflammatory bowel disease. The incidence of infecti...

Background The high prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) makes it a significant health concern, especially in Iraq. Clinical studies have found that chronic HBV infection affects the occurrence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) by regulating cholesterol metabolism in liver cells. Objective This study aimed to determine alterations in some serum lip...

Endometriosis is a chronic painful condition affecting 10% of reproductive-aged women with a high prevalence of overlapping gastrointestinal symptoms. There is a significant diagnostic delay for endometriosis and current screening practices for endometriosis in gastroenterology clinic populations have not been evaluated. 112 gastroenterology provid...

In this editorial, we provide insights into the publication by Niu et al featured in the latest edition of the World Journal of Gastroenterology . Specifically, our focus was on exploring the potential of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in treating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) induced by a high-fat diet through various mechanisms. NA...

Objectives Cow's milk allergy (CMA) is a common food allergy in infants. Guidelines and recommendations for the diagnosis and management of CMA are based on scientific review of the available evidence. However, real‐world situations may oblige clinicians to adapt a different attitude. Methods This paper evaluated the opinion of 42 Mexican paediatr...

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies and is considered one of the leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide. Despite considerable progress in the disease's control and treatment, the patient's survival rate is relatively low. Different factors can affect the survival rate of GC patients. The current study aims...

Large B-cell lymphoma is a rare form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that can affect the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and poses diagnostic challenges owing to its non-specific symptoms. This study reports the case of a 70-year-old male with a history of cardiovascular disease who presented with melena and vague abdominal pain, initially regarded as emerging...

Background Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a psychiatric disorder that is widespread worldwide. Alcohol use is a significant contributor to the global burden of death, disability and disease. Modulation of the gut microbiota is a promising approach to improve the efficacy and minimize the adverse effects of colorectal cancer treatment. The relationsh...

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a highly prevalent and debilitating disorder of gut–brain interaction (DGBI) affecting millions globally. It imposes a significant burden on healthcare systems and is a leading cause of workplace absenteeism. IBS is classified into several subtypes based on predominant presenting symptoms, including IBS with consti...

Objective For emerging adults with inflammatory bowel disease, future uncertainty is a critical issue during this pivotal stage of life, study and career development, as they encounter many unknown challenges and opportunities. However, to the best of our knowledge, only a few qualitative studies on how emerging adults with inflammatory bowel disea...

Objectives: To find out the frequency of different etiologies of upper GI bleed, based on endoscopic findings. Methodology: It was a retrospective study done over a period of 6 months in gastroenterology department of Federal Government polyclinic (FGPC), hospital from 1st January 2023 to 30th June 2023. Results:A total of 229 patients presented wi...

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most frequent reasons for seeking outpatient gastroenterology consultations. Current professional guidelines advocate the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) as the primary medical approach to manage GERD. However, PPIs may not be as effective, especially for certain patients like those with non...

Background/Objectives. A recent clinical (ViIBS) trial investigating the effects of a balanced multi-strain synbiotic in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients showed that twelve weeks of treatment resulted in significant improvements across all major IBS symptoms. The current observational study pursued three aims: investigate patients’ attitude...

Objectives Serrated polyps (SPs) with synchronous advanced adenoma (AA) may increase the incidence of colorectal cancer. However, current studies do not address this combination of SPs and AAs in detail with regard to their clinical characteristics in different age groups. The aim was to assess clinical characteristics and risk factors for SPs with...

In this editorial, we examined a recent article in the World Journal of Gastroenterology that focused on sepsis-associated liver injury (SLI) and its treatment. SLI is a serious complication of sepsis, primarily caused by microcirculatory disturbances, the gut-liver axis, and inflammatory responses. Specific treatment recommendations for SLI are la...

This article reviews the cohort study published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology , which reported low rates of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori ) infection among esophageal cancer (EC) patients, coupled with proton pump inhibitor (PPI) overuse. These findings suggest a potential protective role of H. pylori against EC and indicate a possible...

Background Understanding shared characteristics underlying reported tumor seeding episodes can reveal when tumor seeding is most likely to occur and guide clinical decision making. Our goal was to systematically review tumor seeding across specialties and determine what types of instrumentation and primary tumor histology are associated with tumor...

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a persistent and complex condition accomplished by inflammation of the gastrointestinal system, encompassing Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). This condition is caused by the combination of genetic predispositions, environmental triggers, and dysregulated immunological responses, which complicates...

Chronic urticaria is one of the most common diseases in allergology and dermatology practice with unclear causes of occurrence. Background: Some studies emphasize the correlation between inflammation in chronic urticaria and disturbed intestinal microbiota. It raises the question about the role of some intestine-related substances in the pathogenes...

This study aimed to determine the frequency of available complications in patients with liver cirrhosis and any dependence according to the Child-Pough score. A retrospective study of cases with newly diagnosed liver cirrhosis was conducted in the Gastroenterology Clinic of UMBAL Pleven from 2017 to 2021. Of them, 258 (71.5%) were men and 103 (28.5...

Background/Objectives: The approval of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy for hepatitis C (HCV) resulted in a highly effective oral treatment for patients. The primary objective of this study was to identify reasons that patients were not treated versus why patients were treated. Identifying potential reasons for the failure to treat can provide...

Gastric bezoars and small bowel bezoars are uncommon in the pediatric population, and colonic bezoars are even rarer. We present the case of a 9‐year‐old female who presented with acute abdominal obstruction symptoms and a diagnosis of colonic phytobezoar. The phytobezoar was removed via endoscopic intervention. This case is important as it demonst...

Introduction: Crohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic condition characterized by intestinal inflammation that can affect the entire gastrointestinal tract. The incidence and prevalence of CD have rapidly increased in recent years in Asia and Latin America, significantly impacting global health systems. This trend necessitates evaluating its consequences...

Background/Objectives: Limited research had investigated nutritional status in patients with Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CdLS) (OMIM 122470, 300590, 300882, 610759, 620568 and 614701). Body composition assessed via bioelectric impedance (BIA) is a particularly under-explored issue. In this cross-sectional study, we hypothesize that body composition...

Objective: To survey experts' opinions in abdominal radiology (radiologists) and pancreas-specialized gastroenterology (pancreatologists) in South Korea regarding diagnosing and managing pancreatic cystic neoplasms (PCNs). Materials and methods: Between August 25, 2023, and October 5, 2023, an online survey was conducted among members of the Kor...

Bleeding complications associated with oral anticoagulant (OAC) frequently lead to emergency department visits and hospitalization. Short-term all-cause mortality after severe bleeding is substantial ranging from about 10% for gastrointestinal bleeding (the most frequent single site) to about 50% for intracranial bleeding. A protocolized, multidisc...

We would like to present some new thoughts on the publication in the journal published in August 2024 in World Journal of Gastroenterology . We specifically focused on the alterations in the intestinal tract, mesenteric adipose tissue (MAT), and systemic inflammatory changes in mice following fecal flora transplantation into a mouse model of Crohn'...

The albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) score is derived from albumin and bilirubin levels. Currently, the ALBI score is widely used in various clinical settings. A recent article in the World Journal of Gastroenterology summarized the application of the ALBI score in various non-malignant liver diseases. The ALBI score has a predictive power that is superior...

This editorial offers an updated synthesis of the major advancements in the management and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), as documented in the World Journal of Gastroenterology between 2023 and early 2024. This editorial explores substantial developments across key research areas, such as intestinal microecology, computational drug...

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis, are chronic inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract that necessitate timely diagnosis to prevent complications and improve patient outcomes. Despite advancements in medical knowledge and diagnostic techniques, significant diagnostic delays persi...

This letter comments on the recently published manuscript by Huang et al in the World Journal of Gastroenterology , which focused on the immunomodulatory effect of Calculus bovis on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumor microenvironments (TME) by inhibiting M2-tumor-associated macrophage (M2-TAM) polarization via Wnt/β-catenin pathway modulation. Re...