Gasification - Science topic

The process of gasification is well-known; however, to this day, the applications of such facilities, especially off-grid small-scale units for direct electricity and char production, are scarce. In this study, an off-grid fixed bed downdraft gasification unit is studied from the gaseous/solid product character perspective. This unit represents a p...

The use of methanol as a chemical precursor and fuel additive has increased recently on a global scale. Hence, this study combined bibliometric and traditional review methods to assess the recent trends and evolution of methanol production, as well as its use. According to the study, producing methanol on a large scale from renewable sources is sti...

Mulberry trees, known for their rapid growth and high biomass yield, offer a sustainable alternative to traditional fuel woods and energy sources. With the depletion of fossil fuels and increasing environmental concerns, the transition to renewable energy becomes crucial. Mulberry's substantial bio-mass potential, marked by high density, calorific...

Energy shortage and greenhouse gas emission have become bottlenecks in current society development. Improving the efficiency of energy conversion and utilization systems through waste heat recovery and reduction of greenhouse gas through CO2 capture/conversion are important solutions. Both can be achieved simultaneously by utilizing high-temperatur...

In this work, the molar basis traditionally used for addressing combustion problems was replaced with a mass basis. This choice reflects the fact that we are generally more comfortable reasoning in terms of mass rather than moles. It is demonstrated that approximate solutions can be obtained using a simple spreadsheet, eliminating the need for more...

This work investigates the influence of carbon residue on the crystallization and solidification behavior of slag at different temperatures and cooling methods as it has a significant impact on the flow and discharge of slag, as well as the proper functioning of gasification equipment. The experimental approach involves the utilization of various t...

This study assesses and characterizes six woody biomass (WB) species commonly harvested in the Republic of Congo: Millettia laurentii (WB1), Millettia eetveldeana (WB2), Hymenocardia ulmoides (WB3), Markhamia tomentosa (WB4), Pentaclethra eetveldeana (WB5), and Hymenocardia acida (WB6). Characterization was performed using proximate analysis with a...

This work develops a computational framework that optimizes the performance and emissions of a dual-fuel diesel engine running on biomass-derived producer gas as the main fuel and diesel as the pilot fuel. The study connects essential responses, brake thermal efficiency, peak combustion pressure, and emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monox...

The excessive usage and limited availability of fossil fuels have put enough impetus on researchers to find alternative energy sources to control the energy crisis and reduce climate change. To mitigate environmental impact while generating clean energy, researchers and energy experts are particularly focused on harnessing energy from bioresources...

Part II of this review focuses on methodologies and protocols employed in biomass gasification, recognising its pivotal role in sustainable energy generation. Additionally, the article discusses the challenges associated with gasification technology, such as tar formation, biomass heterogeneity and uneven biomass supply in different seasons. It emp...

The pursuit of sustainable energy sources on a worldwide scale is a crucial and pressing matter, with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UNSDGs) offering a comprehensive framework for properly addressing this challenge. This two-part paper provides an overview of the various technologies now available for the process of biomass gasif...

The increasing demand for sustainable energy solutions has driven more research into alternative energy sources, including biomass-derived methane. This review paper discusses the analysis and design considerations of horizontal gasifiers in the context of efficient methane production and waste management. It covers the technical, environmental, an...

Waste to energy (WtE) is a strategic tool to address the waste management and stupendous energy demand in a country like India. This paper provides a broad examination of the technological, and economical aspects of WtE projects internationally and specifically in India. Technologically it discusses various WtE processes such as but not limited to...

Biomass gasification is a promising renewable energy technology for the production of synthetic gas (syngas), consisting of hydrogen (H₂), carbon monoxide (CO), and methane (CH₄). This technology's primary challenge is tar formation – a heavy hydrocarbon compound that can block equipment, poison catalysts, and deteriorate syngas quality. Therefore,...

Thermal processes are emerging as promising solutions to recovering phosphorus and other nutrient elements from anaerobic digestates. The feasibility of nutrient element recovery depends largely on the fates of nutrient elements and heavy metals during thermal processing. This study assesses the partitioning of macronutrients (N, P, K, Na, Ca and M...

The valorization of shell-based agricultural waste biomass for biofuel production represents a promising approach within the circular bioeconomy. This study employs a bibliometric analysis to investigate research trends and identify key developments in the field from 1997 to 2023, using data from the Web of Science and VOSviewer for scientific mapp...

Establishing a comprehensive database of char properties from pilot-scale gasification is crucial for identifying optimal applications for carbonaceous residues and advancing the sustainability of this technology. This study explores the intricate characteristics of macadamia husk char generated through pilot-scale gasification, highlighting its po...

The object of this study is coal processing with synthesis gas as the target product. The experimental technology employs a reactor with a liquid high-temperature heat carrier. The technological advancement allows ecological and safe transformation of hard raw material – hard coal. Hard, brown, and salty coal contains quite a lot of mineral impurit...

Gasification slag is the solid waste produced in the process of coal gasification. China produces approximately 30 million tons of gasification slag every year, which urgently needs to be recycled in an efficient and sustainable way. This paper discusses the feasibility of using gasification slag as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM). The...

Oil sludge (OS) is a hazardous waste generated in the refinery and platform production chain. Its recovery is globally limited by methods like incineration, landfilling, and stabilization, which are costly and environmentally harmful. In Brazil, advanced techniques such as gasification are still underdeveloped compared to established practices else...

This research study explores the technology of biomass syngas production by using an experimental downdraft fixed-bed gasifier coupled to a two-cylinder engine, designed and implemented at the Polytechnic University of Valencia, Spain. Furthermore, it deals with the study of the experimental and analytical relations between the driving thermodynami...

This study presents a life cycle assessment (LCA) and economic analysis of wood pellet production and utilisation in gasification combined heat and power (CHP) systems, focusing on optimising the drying process and evaluating the impacts of varying plant scales. In line with Japan’s target of achieving net-zero emissions by 2050, the research exami...

Herein, we review hydrogen fuel cell technology as a promising solution for distributed power generation. The various types of fuel cells, including polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM), alkaline, phosphoric acid, solid oxide, and molten carbonate fuel cells, are discussed. Furthermore, the critical components of fuel cells, such as the anode, cathod...

The Intentional amendment of soil with biochar is offering a new strategy for enhancing soil physical properties and soil fertility. Nonetheless, the characteristics of biochars vary with their different conditions and pyrolysis techniques. The objective of the present study was to improve the understanding of how adding biochar applications and th...

Biochar, a carbon-rich substance produced through thermal decomposition of biomass, is gaining recognition for its potential in environmental and energy fields. To create biochar, biomass sources can be derived from both plants (lignocellulosic) and animals/sludge (non-lignocellulosic). Biochar production methods have made notable progress with adv...

This study aims to evaluate the potential for syngas production from three types of equatorial forestry biomass Sapele, Sipo, and Ayous using a downdraft gasifier. The main objective is to assess the energy potential of the produced syngas when used in an internal combustion engine with a 30% efficiency, coupled with a DC generator operating at 93%...

The increasing demand for sustainable energy has spurred interest in biofuels as a renewable alternative to fossil fuels. Biomass gasification and pyrolysis are two prominent thermochemical conversion processes for biofuel production. While these processes are effective, they are often influenced by complex, nonlinear, and uncertain factors, making...

This study evaluates the economic feasibility of implementing renewable energy-based microgrids at the University of Córdoba, Montería, Colombia. Simulations and optimizations were conducted using the HOMER Energy software, considering local renewable resources with significant potential. The analysis identified the combination of grid energy, phot...

In this study, the energy potential of waste biomass gasification integrated to internal combustion engine in Cordoba, Colombia was investigated using artificial neural network techniques. A model was trained with proximate and elemental analysis data of different biomasses and this model was used to estimate the gasification potential of the four...

This article is a brief summary article of research. The results of the three times experiments are reviewed. two heterogeneous catalysis mechanisms are introduced, namely: Chemical Reaction Mode Cyclic Catalysis Mechanism-CRM and Electron Cyclic Donate-Accept Catalysis Mechanism-ECDAM or Electron Orbital Deformation-Recovery Cyclic Catalysis Mecha...

There are two contents of this article. The first is briefly to review the experiment research on the catalysis mechanism of Carbon Gasification Reaction-CGR(C+CO2=2CO) from 60s -90s. The results show that the catalytic phenomenon is physical phenomenon rather than chemical, and the catalyst does not participate in the chemical reaction. The cataly...

Oxide dispersion strengthening steel (ODS) is widely used in high-severity environments in supercritical water gasification (SCWG) due to its high-temperature corrosion resistance and fatigue strength. Nano-oxide can be used as reinforcement for ODS steel to enhance the mechanical properties by retarding dislocation at grain boundaries. This work a...

Two storage energy reactions, namely，carbon gasification C+CO2=2CO and Steam gasification C+H2O=H2+CO reactions were compared. The results show that the Steam gasification reaction has many advantages, such as: higher caloric value of gas, high storage energy index, faster reaction speed, abundant resources, low price, low production cost, signific...

The production of syngas from coffee husk biomass waste as a raw material offers significant potential as an alternative automotive fuel source through the gasification process, considering the abundant resources available. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the physical properties of the fuel initially, in order to observe the differences...

Biorefineries play a critical role in addressing current global sustainability challenges by converting renewable biomass into valuable products such as biofuels, biochemicals, and bioenergy. The necessity of biorefineries has increased due to the growing demand for eco-friendly alternatives to fossil fuels, mitigating climate change, and reducing...

The key features of Professor Paul Younger’s work on Underground Coal Gasification (UCG) linked to Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) are summarised, with particular reference to his work on protecting potable water aquifers from contamination by the by-products of in-situ gasification and on his development of a technical basis for secure storage of...

Hydrogen is emerging as an immense source of energy having the potential to at least partly replace fossil fuels. It is an abundant element on earth, but does not mainly exist in free form. Hydrogen can be produced through different technologies and feedstocks, and based on these, it can be categorized into colors with different environmental impac...

This scientific article provides a comprehensive review of the main tools and criteria employed in Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM) for achieving sustainable waste management. The objective of this study was to evaluate the most effective technology or combination of technologies for treating urban solid waste, along with the most used metho...

Tropical off-grid regions are rich in biomass resources like Falcata, a fast-growing tree species. This study examines the optimal form of Falcata wood, comparing pellets (FWP) and chips (FWC) for community-based gasification systems using a downdraft gasifier. Key methods included feedstock uniformity assessment, syngas composition analysis, and e...

The efficiency of the elimination of malachite green dye (MG) in water was investigated using biochar (BC) obtained from Pinus patula wood pellets (BC-WP). The biomass was gasified, reaching a temperature of 391.07 °C near the reactor wall. During the adsorption tests, three independent factors were considered: the solution pH, BC concentration, an...

Gallium, a critical and strategic material for advanced technologies, is anomalously enriched in certain coal deposits and coal by-products. Recovering gallium from solid residues generated during coal production and utilization can yield economic benefits and positive environmental gains through more efficient waste processing. This systematic lit...

Increasing energy demand and limited non-renewable energy resources have raised energy security concerns within the European Union. With the EU’s commitment to becoming the first climate-neutral continent, transitioning to renewable energy sources has become essential. While wind and solar energy are intermittent, consistent and reliable green ener...

Biomass gasification is an established and widely utilized renewable energy system. The research work aims to develop and construct a downdraft gasifier to investigate gasifier performance. The gasifier’s performance and cold gas efficiency were calculated for three volumetric airflow rates: 7.16 m³/h, 5.97 m³/h, and 4.78 m³/h. The efficiency was f...

The objective of this study is to develop a highly efficient technology for producing hydrogen from sewage sludge using chemical-looping technology. In this study, laboratory-scale gasification experiments were conducted on sewage sludge samples. The effects of CaO as a carrier of oxygen or carbon (C) and as a gasification accelerator were evaluate...

The uptake of emerging biomass gasification technology that offers ultra-efficient cookstoves remains low in Africa despite its potential to reduce exposure to household air pollution, deforestation, carbon emissions (addressing UN Sustainable Development Goal, SDGs 7, 15, 13), and accidents from burns. Using urban households survey data (N = 216)...

Power generation is becoming more dependent on fossil fuels due to the rising demand for electricity caused by the expanding global economy. However, this is causing a shortage of non-renewable resources and contributing to global warming through brown energy. Using renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and hydropower can solve this problem. S...

At COP28 in Dubai, countries were called upon to revise their targets for the reduction of ‎green house ‎gasses emissions by 2025 and strengthen policies to fulfil the commitment to ‎limit global warming to 1.5°C by 2050. The European Green Deal adopted in 2019 sets the ‎strategic goal of making Europe climate neutral by 2050.‎ The main measures to...

The degradation of optical components presents a critical impediment to the advancement of energy within intense laser systems, with splatter contamination induced by sustained irradiation of stray light onto aluminum alloy structural components serving as the primary factor for the diminished resistance of optical components to laser-induced damag...

Hydrogen has long been recognized for its potential as a clean, versatile energy carrier. In the context of a global push towards sustainable systems and reduced carbon emissions, hydrogen stands out due to its high energy density, flammability, and environmental benefits. Despite these advantages, the production, storage, transport, and utilizatio...

This study presents a thermodynamic and life cycle analysis of a biomass-based integrated energy system, comprising a biomass gasification cycle, a steam Rankine cycle, and an ammonia fluid Organic Rankine cycle. The primary objective of the system is to efficiently convert olive husk, a sustainable biomass source, into electricity and heating. The...

Coal gasification fine slag (CGFS) is a by-product of coal and gasification agent interactions at high temperatures, which presents significant challenges for the coal chemical industry. CGFS mainly comprises SiO2, Al2O3, CaO, Fe2O3, and carbon. Carbon-rich particles (CRP) in the CGFS contain large amounts of residual carbon and small amounts of me...

Biomass is a potential alternative energy source. This study offers a comprehensive analysis of biomass gasification as an energy source, particularly its application in diesel engines, gas engines, and gas turbines. No specific research has been identified that addresses syngas utilization as fuel for internal combustion engines. The paper employs...

This work examined and constructed an Aspen Plus simulation of hydrogen (H 2) production from solar-driven steam gasification of fresh cow manure (FCM). The model's accuracy was verified by comparing it with other experiments and calculations from the literature to demonstrate its feasibility, resulting in root mean square errors (RMSE) of 5.3% and...

Hydrogen (H2) offers a less carbon-intensive energy production method than natural gas. The potential of utilizing hydrogen at a large scale within the future energy mix to fuel the world opens the door to investigating hydrogen production from heavy and extra-heavy oil reservoirs. Various reaction mechanisms are involved in the in situ combustion...

Currently, coke with significant differences in CRI/CSR (coke reactivity index and coke strength after reaction) can already be effectively utilized in blast furnaces (BFs). However, there remains a considerable controversy on the replaceability of high and low CRI/CSR coke. Therefore, an analysis was conducted on the metallurgical performance of C...

The scope of this work was to develop a thin-film composite (TFC) membrane for the separation of CO2/CO mixtures, which are relevant for many processes of gas processing and gasification of carbon-based feedstock. Special attention was given to the development of highly permeable porous polysulfone (PSF) supports (more than 26,000 GPU for CO2) sinc...

This paper is part of a PHD dissertation aimed at optimising the efficiency of a water-cooled heat exchanger used in laboratory-scale waste plasma gasifiers. To optimise the design and evaluate the applicability of corrosion-resistant ceramic 3D printed materials, it is necessary to understand the current application of plasma gasification to munic...

Pre-combustion carbon capture, also known as pre-combustion CO 2 capture or gasification, is an emerging technology for CO 2 emission reduction. The core of this method lies in separating the carbon-containing part from the fuel before combustion through gasification, thereby reducing or avoiding carbon emissions.

Fluidization facilitates a dynamic interplay between solid particles and upward-flowing gases, essential to a multitude of industrial processes such as drying, coating, granulation, casting, pyrolysis, gasification, and energy storage.

The escalating climate crisis necessitates urgent and decisive action to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. Gasification stands out as a highly adaptable process for energy conversion, capable of handling a wide range of feedstocks, from coal to biomass. The process plays a significant role in improving sustainability by converting these feedstocks...

To comprehensively explore syngas cocombustion technology, gasification experiments in a bench-scale circulating fluidized bed (CFB) and three-dimensional (3D) numerical simulations of a coal-fired boiler furnace have been conducted. In the amplification experiment of biomass gasification, sawdust has been gasified using air, oxygen-enriched air, a...

Energy generation from plastic composites offers a viable solution to the dual challenges of plastic waste management and renewable energy production. This study explores the potential of plastic composites for energy generation through key waste-to-energy technologies, including incineration, pyrolysis, gasification, and anaerobic digestion. The s...

Introduction There is a global goal to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 43% by 2023. Nuclear microreactors, a subset of small modular reactors, offer a potential solution due to their compact size, transportability, and carbon-neutral power generation capabilities. Methods This study explores the feasibility of using heat from nuclear microreact...

Lignocellulose biomass (LCB) gasification presents considerable opportunities for environmental conservation, energy crisis mitigation, and the advancement of the circular economy; nonetheless, its entire realisation is hindered by multiple obstacles. Comprehensive evaluation of different challenges is vital for enhancing the use of bioenergy. The...

The increasing need for sustainable energy sources has driven research toward innovative solutions, including biomass gasification for syngas production, with applications in the chemical industry and energy generation. This study explores the application of Chlorella vulgaris in the gasification process to produce syngas intended for gas turbine o...

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