Fungal Diversity - Science topic

Stone-built heritages are found worldwide, and despite stony surfaces being considered a stressful environment with challenging conditions to overcome, research has demonstrated that it can support diverse fungal communities, fostering a unique array of peculiar yet crucial species. These species exhibit a dual nature, being both foe and friend. Wh...

Research in the field of mycorrhizae in China has make great achievements, as shown by the diversified research areas and a growing community of researchers. The research focus has shifted from traditional morphological classification and identification to the application of molecular techniques, from individual to opulation to ecosystems, and from...

Background Biochar application has been widely acknowledged as an environment-friendly practice to promote soil organic carbon (SOC) stabilization and sequestration in agroecosystems. However, the interaction between fungal and minerals on organic carbon storage and stabilization with biochar application still remains unclear in saline-alkaline soi...

The rhizosphere microbial communities of Lotus tenuis in Hg-contaminated soils demonstrate remarkable resilience, maintaining stable bacterial and fungal diversity across a broad contamination gradient (40-1964 mg Hg kg ⁻¹ soil). Despite significant shifts in community structure compared to control communities from uncontaminated rhizosphere soil,...

A large fraction of the Mediterranean soils is threatened by losses of organic matter and biodiversity, which could compromise the provision of soil ecosystem services and the stability of ecosystems in the face of climate change. In this work we explore several hypotheses related to the role of C inputs and microbial diversity on soil multifunctio...

Aquatic fungi play a key role in the turnover of organic matter in freshwater ecosystems, such as leaf litter in streams. Even though agriculturally applied fungicides that reach streams through spray drift or surface runoff may endanger the important functions of these organisms, potential effects of fungicides on the diversity of a complex fungal...

Beltraniella is a widely-distributed genus on Earth, although its abundance is relatively limited in relation to other dematiaceous hyphomycetes. In the present study, diseased leaves of Myristica fragrans and decaying leaves were collected from Hainan and Sichuan Province. Fungal DNA was amplified and sequenced using two barcodes, the internal tra...

Sterculia urens Roxb., well known for its medicinal uses, remains largely unexplored in terms of its fungal endophytic communities. This study is the first comprehensive assessment of fungal endophyte diversity in S. urens. Sampling was conducted across different plant parts, seasons, and study sites. Molecular identification of fungal isolates was...

Establishing perennial cultivated grasslands on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau helps address the seasonal imbalance of forage resources and supports the restoration of degraded grasslands. The most common planting patterns—monocropping and mixed cropping—are well-studied in terms of vegetation structure, productivity, and soil nutrients. Despite their s...

Mine closure operations aim to restore the ecosystem to a near-original state. Microorganisms are indispensable for soil equilibrium and restoration. Metabarcoding was employed to characterize the bacterial and fungal composition in pristine soils, stockpiled soils (topsoils), enriched stockpiled soils (technosoils), enriched and revegetated soils...

Urbanization is a major threat to biodiversity, ultimately influencing ecosystem functions. Fungi, a highly taxonomically and functionally diverse group of organisms, underpin many of these ecosystem functions from nutrient cycling to symbiotic interactions. Yet, research on how urbanization impacts fungal diversity has primarily focused on detecti...

Mangrove ecosystems, located in the land-sea interface, host a diverse array of fungi. In this paper, we introduce a novel genus, three novel species and one new record of fungi collected from mangrove environments in Pranburi, Prachuap Khiri Khan, Thailand. We establish Pseudomelanconiella as a new genus in Melanconiellaceae, to accommodate Pseudo...

Abstract: Caves can be regarded as extreme environments, and fungi are known as omnipresent and highly adaptable organisms that can easily colonize such environments. The primary objective of this study was to use the statistical analysis of sequences stored in the NCBI database, together with related metadata, to find and uncover statistically sig...

Introduction Fungal communities have only been studied in a small portion of the vast variety of habitats that exist in deepsea environments, and studies aimed at understanding fungal diversity and function are minimal. Objective The aim of this study is to explore both the fungal diversity in deepsea sediments and the enzymatic activities present...

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) form ubiquitous symbiotic relationships with plants through co-evolutionary processes, providing multiple benefits for plant growth, productivity, health, and stress mitigation. Mountain ecosystem multifunctionality is significantly influenced by mycorrhizal responses to climate cha...

Fungal fairy rings (FFRs) significantly influence plant communities and soil microbiota. This study investigated the development of Agaricus urinascens fairy rings in a species-rich montane Mediterranean grassland. By combining vegetation analysis, soil chemistry measurements, and next-generation sequencing, we assessed fairy rings’ impact on soil...

Ongoing global changes speed up forest diversity loss, typically in a non‐random manner, with potential consequences for soil fungal communities. However, it remains elusive how non‐random tree species loss, based on distribution ranges or specific traits, impacts soil fungal communities. Here we employed a large‐scale field experiment where random...

The immediate responses of soil microbial communities to non-catastrophic typhoon disturbances remain largely unclear, despite soil microorganisms are key contributors to ecosystem functioning and sensitive indicators to forest disturbances. To address this gap, we simultaneously investigated soil microbial communities beneath bamboo forest (BF), C...

This study investigates the diversity and distribution of root endophyte fungi and bacteria across Festuca and Lolium grasses, including open-grassland and forest species. The species examined include perennials such as Festuca arundinacea, F. gigantea, F. pratensis, Lolium perenne, and L. perenne × F. gigantea hybrids and the annuals L. temulentum...

The regional characteristics of wine are shaped by the synergistic effects of vineyard climate conditions, soil microbial microorganisms, soil properties, and grape must microorganisms; however, their role in shaping regional wine quality is still poorly understood. In this study, soil, grape must, and fermentation samples were collected from Caber...

Fungi represent a significant portion of Earth's biological diversity and are essential for ecosystem functions like organic matter decomposition and nutrient cycling. While fungi associated with plant roots have been extensively studied, our understanding of fungi in the forest canopies remains limited. To investigate the landscape-scale variation...

The fecal fungal diversity of three giant pandas（ Ailuropoda melanoleuca） at 14， 16， 21， 26， 31 and 36 months old from Beijing Zoo were tested respectively using MiSeq sequencing platform. The composition and dynamics of fungal flora from young to subadult were quantified. Results showed that：（ 1） there was no difference in richness and diversity...

Indoor fungal communities, found in household dust, significantly influence indoor air quality and health. These communities are shaped by environmental, socioeconomic, and household factors. However, studies on indoor mycobiomes, particularly in Croatia, remain limited. This study investigates the relationship between environmental and household f...

The cultivation of ‘Shine Muscat’ grapes is rapidly expanding in East Asia due to their desirable qualities and muscat flavor. Studies have revealed that storing these grapes at an controlled freezing-point temperature diminishes their muscat flavor, whereas storage at 10 °C preserves it. However, the impact of a higher storage temperature on the e...

The family Hypoxylaceae has 75 species recorded from Mexico, of which 48 are known from the Yucatan Peninsula, a biotic province that has great fungal diversity due to its unique biogeographic history. Herbarium specimens were revised, and seven expeditions were carried out in the most representative types of vegetation: tropical deciduous forest,...

The rapid expansion of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) cultivation in central and southern Italy has revealed emerging phytosanitary challenges, including “pomegranate wood decay syndrome”, characterised by cortical cankers, wood browning, and progressive plant decline. This study investigates the fungal microbiota associated with symptomatic pome...

Processed jujube products are susceptible to contamination by fungi such as Aspergillus spp., which produces mycotoxins that could lead to health problems in consumers. In this study, 58 samples of processed jujube products (including 5 types such as dried jujubes) were collected from different markets in Shihezi (Xinjiang, China). The fungal diver...

Ticks are ectoparasites harboring complex microbial communities, typically dominated by nutritional symbionts that produce B vitamins and sometimes including pathogens affecting human and animal health. However, ticks also host a variety of commensal microbes whose diversity remains poorly documented. In this study, we isolated and identified cultu...

The diversity of bacteria and fungi is linked to distinct ecosystem functions, and divergent responses to global changes in these two kingdoms affect the relative contributions of the kingdoms to the soil carbon and nutrient cycles. Climate warming and nitrogen (N) enrichment, which are projected to increase concurrently through modelling efforts,...

Grape pomace, a winemaking byproduct, is nutrient- and polyphenol-rich, but research on its use in beef cattle is limited. This study explored the impact of grape pomace-based complete pellet feed on growth, serum biochemistry, fatty acid profile, and rumen microbiota in beef cattle. Fifteen healthy Simmental cattle were randomly divided into three...

Bibliometric analyses are increasingly used to evaluate scientific domains, revealing research trends, productivity, and impact. This study provides a bibliometric analysis of microbiome-related research conducted by Greek scientists. Data were retrieved from the Scopus database, using the keyword “microbiome” (English) for publications until Decem...

Backgound and aims Afforestation and reforestation are essential for bolstering soil carbon stocks. Traditionally, vegetation restoration has relied on monoculture planting. However, mixed forests, with their relatively complex stand structures, are increasingly recognized as a more promising strategy. Owing to the resource limitations of limestone...

Background and aims While the impact of precipitation changes on plant communities has been extensively studied, its effects on desert soil and plant endophytic microbial communities remain unclear. This study conducted a simulated precipitation experiment to investigate how microbiomes in bulk soil, rhizosphere, and root endophytes of ephemeral pl...

Phyllosphere microbiomes play a crucial role in leaf physiological functions, yet their responses to climate warming remain unclear. In this study, we examined the effects of a 3-year experimental warming on the composition and potential functions of phyllosphere bacterial and fungal communities, as well as leaf physiochemical properties of two dom...

In a survey of tropical plant diseases in southern and southeastern Iran, samples of diseased Mangifera indica and Psidium guava leaves with necrotic symptoms were collected between 2021 and 2022. Six representative isolates of Neopestalotiopsis and Robillarda (three isolates for each) were studied using morphological characteristics as well as mul...

Caves offer distinct environmental conditions that foster fungal diversity, and to date, over 2,000 fungal species have been recorded in cave ecosystems. During our surveys of cave fungi in Yunnan Province, China, we isolated several intriguing fungal strains. Detailed morphological characteristics and combined multi-locus phylogeny of internal tra...

A survey of the fungal diversity associated with mixed pastures from Eastern Cape dairy farms in South Africa led to the isolation of 155 Fusarium strains that belong to the Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex (FIESC). Using single and multigene phylogenies based on partial sequences of the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF), calm...

Soil salinity is a major global challenge, reducing fertility and crop productivity. This study evaluated the effects of various soil management practices on the physical, chemical, and microbial properties of saline soils. Six treatments, combining loosening, ploughing, disking, and gypsum amendment, were applied to solonetzic meadow soil with hig...

This study was conducted in Addis Ababa, surrounding peri-urban and urban feed markets to assess the prevalence of aflatoxin B1and identify fungal diversity in feeds. Two hundred and ninety samples of oil seed cakes and formulated feeds were collected. The results indicated that, 92% of poultry ration, 72% of dairy ration, 66% of linseed cake, 64%...

Studying fruit microbial communities has been instrumental in understanding how this plant-associated microbiome influences key host functionalities. However, the impact of environmental changes and host genotype on this microbiome is unclear. This research aims to analyse, using 16S rRNA and ITS amplicon sequencing, the potential effect of altitud...

Aucoumea klaineana is the most important timber species in Central Africa, forming monodominant stands. While soil fungi are crucial for plant growth, their role in promoting monodominance and supporting suppressed, light-demanding trees remains underexplored. This study, the first to analyze the root mycobiota of A. klaineana , investigates fungal...

In the Mu Us Sandy Land, vegetation is closely related to soil microorganisms and nutrients. However, research on the relationship between soil microbial communities and nutrients in Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantations of different densities is still imperfect. This study selected Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantations with high, mediu...

Artemisia judaica is recognized for its medicinal properties, yet its associated fungal community, particularly endophytes, remains inadequately studied. This study investigates rhizosphere, rhizoplane, and endophytic fungi from A. judaica roots to identify fungal diversity and explore their bioactive compound. Forty root samples were analyzed usin...

Background and aims Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) plantations transition from seedling to multi-generation coppice systems, leading to declines in productivity and biodiversity. However, the structural and functional reorganization of soil fungal communities during this transition remains poorly understood. This study aimed to characterize...

Bipolaris species exhibit various ecological roles, including plant pathogens, epiphytes, saprophytes, or endophytes, primarily associated with poaceous hosts, including cultivated cereals. Iran is known for its diverse climates and rich flora, which serve as a hotspot for fungal diversity. In this study, to determine the species diversity of Bipol...

Aims This study focuses on assessing the diversity and composition of the phyllosphere and rhizosphere communities, exploring the significant overlap in microbial community composition among four different plant functional groups and plant organs, and understanding the fitness match between microorganisms and plants. Methods Sequencing the microor...

Kefir, a traditional probiotic beverage with significant cultural, social, and health relevance, has garnered increasing scientific interest for its functional properties. Here, we synthesized findings from 14 studies investigating the bacterial and fungal diversity in artisanal cow’s milk kefir through metagenomic analysis. Following the PRISMA gu...

Background Fire regimes (in terms of frequency, severity, and intensity) in ecosystems are changing. Summer fires are occurring in Mediterranean forests more frequently and are more severe than spring or autumn fires. Soil microbial communities provide essential ecosystem services and are essential in post-fire recovery. However, to date, studies t...

Acid rain and understory vegetation removal are critical drivers altering soil ecosystem alterations. However, the mechanisms by which these factors influence soil moisture dynamics, nutrient availability, and microbially mediated enzyme activities remain insufficiently elucidated. This study investigated the impacts of simulated acid rain and unde...

The mycobiome is comprised of a rich array of fungal species that compete for resources, and species diversity and prevalence exhibit a dynamic structure under the influence of many factors. While the host fruit develops, the prevalence and the arrangement of fungal species in this mycobiome also change, forming a dynamic microenvironment. In this...

Huperzine A (HupA), a lycopodium alkaloid with therapeutic potential for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, is found exclusively in some species of the Huperzioideae subfamily of Lycopodiaceae. Fungi associated with Huperzioideae species are potential contributors to HupA biosynthesis, offering promising prospects for HupA prod...

Cross‐kingdom associations play a fundamental role in ecological processes. Yet our understanding of plant–fungal co‐occurrences in tropical rainforests and the potential impacts of land‐use change shaping species connections remain limited. By using amplicon sequencing on DNA from roots and their associated fungal communities, we aim to understand...

It is believed that the larval stage infestation by Neurozerra conferta Walker of Aquilaria malaccensis trees followed by fungal infections assists in higher-quality agarwood formation. However, it remains unclear what these intricate interactions offer for higher-grade agarwood formation. In the earlier studies, fungal diversity associated with ag...

In environmental biosafety assessments of glyphosate-tolerant crops, it is essential to evaluate the effects of cultivating these crops and applying glyphosate on the microbial community in the rhizosphere soil, which play a critical role in maintaining soil health, plant growth, and crop productivity. Maize ( Zea mays ) line GG2 was previously gen...

Large‐scale industrial forestry is a threat to biodiversity and imposes long‐lasting changes to many forested biomes. Preserving forests as reserves is an important component of the strategy for safeguarding forest biodiversity. Yet, the selection of forests of high biodiversity value is usually based on proxies (i.e., subsets of aboveground habita...

Introduction The increasing rate of atmospheric nitrogen deposition has severely affected the structure and function of these ecosystems. Although nitrogen deposition is increasing globally, the responses of soil microbial communities in subtropical planted forests remain inadequately studied. Methods In this study, a four-year experimental simula...

Background Seed-borne diseases have seriously affected the sustainability of sorghum cultivation in China as the demand for organic products in the winemaking industry has limited the use of chemical fungicides. Results This study conducted a comprehensive analysis of fungal diversity in sorghum seeds from three major growing regions in Guizhou Pr...

Chinese post-fermented teas are produced through special fermentation by microorganisms, with fungi significantly contributing to their flavor and sensory characteristics. Here, the fungal community structure and function were investigated using Illumina HiSeq sequencing of the fungal ITS rDNA region across different post-fermented teas, including...

Fungal communities can be used as indicators of various environmental processes in forest ecosystems. The diversity of these communities is linked to aboveground plants and soil properties. We assessed fungal diversity at four Norway spruce sampling sites that were growing on fertile mineral soils (Oxalidosa) in northwestern Latvia. Three sites wer...

This study analyzed the succession patterns of a microbial community structure and key genera during the fermentation process of Daizhou Huangjiu (DZHJ). The results indicated that bacterial diversity decreased while fungal diversity increased in the traditional DZHJ fermentation process. Bacillota and Proteobacteria were the dominant bacterial phy...

Background Massa Medicata Fermentata (MMF) is a traditional medicinal/edible fermented product; however, comprehensive research on the fermentation process from a microscopic perspective remains limited. In this study, we aimed to investigate the dynamic changes and correlations of physicochemical properties, microbial communities, and metabolite p...

Plants host diverse microbial communities essential for nutrient acquisition, growth, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Despite their importance, the variation and stability of these communities during forest succession remain poorly understood. This study investigated the microbial communities in Pinus massoniana forests at different s...

Clonostachys and Sesquicillium are genera in Bionectriaceae, and known in sexual perithecial ascomata and hyphomycetous asexual morphs. In their asexual morph, both genera share similar morphology in conidiophores and conidiogenous cell characteristics but differ in the development of conidiophores. The members of Clonostachys are distributed world...

Apple trees [Malus domestica Borkh. (Rosaceae)] are one of the important temperate fruit crops in China. In comparison to other temperate fruits, such as grapes and pears, fungal studies (in Yunnan) associated with M. domestica are fewer in number. In the present study, we investigated fungi associated with M. domestica in Qujing City, Yunnan Provi...

China has significant mineral resources, but prolonged extraction has caused considerable environmental degradation. Interactions among rhizosphere, phyllosphere, and soil microorganisms, along with host plants, are essential for supporting plant growth and increasing stress tolerance. This study employed high–throughput sequencing to assess microb...

This study investigates the impact of Dactylonectria macrodidyma on fungal community dynamics in grapevines grown in sandy and clay soils, highlighting how soil properties in uence pathogen-induced disruptions. High-throughput sequencing and microbial network analyses revealed that D. macrodidyma signi cantly reduces fungal diversity in root microb...

Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica) is the most cultured and popular coffee bean in today’s world. Yunnan Province is well known as China’s largest arabica coffee cultivation region. Fungi represent an important group of microorganisms associated with coffee, profoundly influencing its yield and quality. In this study, twelve fungal collections growing...

Peatlands are vital for global carbon storage, but drainage significantly disrupts their natural carbon cycling. Drainage alters peatland soil environments in complex ways, affecting factors such as water table, soil temperature, organic carbon (SOC), pH, and microbial communities. However, how these factors interact to influence GHG emissions rema...

Fungal pathogens have posed a serious problem in post-harvest losses of apples, seriously reducing their quantity, quality, and marketability. This infection, in addition to reducing aesthetic and nutritional value, leads to a related economic loss during the storage and transportation period. However, there is a lack of studies on the fungal patho...

An endophytic fungal species of Exophiala was isolated from the fruits of Amomum tsao-ko during an investigation of the fungal diversity associated with A. tsao-ko in Honghe Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China. Morphological characteristics and the combined internal transcribed spacer (ITS), large subunit nuclear rDNA (LSU), and small subunit nuclea...

In this study, three novel fungal species belonging to the Nectriaceae family, Gliocladiopsis koreensis sp. nov., Ilyonectria koreensis sp. nov., and Mariannaea koreensis sp. nov., were discovered from soil samples collected at Iseung-ak Oreum on Jeju Island and the Upo Wetland in Changnyeong, Republic of Korea. They were confirmed as distinct spec...

Late blight caused by the oomycete Phytophthora infestans poses a severe threat to global tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) production. While genetic resistance forms the cornerstone of disease control, the mechanisms underlying cultivar-specific resistance, particularly their interactions with rhizosphere microbiomes, remain poorly understood. To e...

Simple Summary This study explored the relationship between pine bark beetles, Tomicus spp. and fungi in forests of three European countries (Lithuania, Ukraine, Montenegro) with different climates. Bark beetles are tiny insects that attack trees, often carrying fungi that can harm forests. The study aimed to understand the types of fungi associate...

Fungal endophytes play a pivotal role in tropical forest dynamics, influencing plant fitness through growth stimulation, disease suppression, stress tolerance, and nutrient mobilization. This study investigates the effects of region, leaf developmental stage, and tissue type on endophyte communities in tropical plants. Young and mature leaves were...