French - Science topic

History of neuro-pedagogical sciences (EDN) - 40 years ago, the french Sciences Po university in Paris, welcomed - retrospectively, and during three years (from September 1988 to June 1991) - the first grown-up student, aged 20 years old, with "Asperger syndrome" (AS, 1981-2013) and High-functioning Autism (HFA) who, later (April 2024), officialy c...

ENGLISH : Lately confessions (1968-) from a french diagnosed middle-adulthood teacher with "Asperger syndrome" (AS, 1981-2013) expert in Educational Neuroscience (EDN) : making sense for a better life-changing between "Sheldon Cooper" (2007-2019), "Forrest Gump" (1994), "Rain Man" (1988), "Astrid Nielsen" (2019-) or "Woo Yeong Wu" (2022) / Gifted w...

En France, l'alcool est la substance psychoactive prééminente dans la culture. Son usage est lié à l'histoire de la société, et ne constitue pas culturellement un problème en soi. Pourtant, le nombre de sujets présentant un trouble de l'usage de l'alcool est estimé à deux millions avec 49 000 décès par an liés à des causes directes et indirectes. L...

Die Frage nach der Einführung einer generellen Freier-strafbarkeit in Deutschland bleibt umstritten: Die Unions-fraktion des Bundestages fordert ein Sexkaufverbot nach Nordischem Modell. Die in einer öffentlichen Anhörung im September 2024 befragten Sachverständigen äußerten sich in ihren Stellungnahmen gespalten. Kürzlich ent-schied der EGMR über...

Background The prognosis for patients with relapse of localized rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) remains poor, with limited evidence for optimal second‐line therapy. This study describes the management and outcomes of relapsed RMS patients in France. Methods We retrospectively reviewed all nonmetastatic RMS patients enrolled in France in the RMS 2005 study...

This article assays to estimate borrowing words from other languages and historical circumstances are discussed under which words borrowed from Latin, from Scandinavian dialects, from Norman and Parisian French and many other languages.

Yanomami leader and shaman Davi Kopenawa and French anthropologist Bruce Albert’s’s book O Espírito da Floresta (The Spirit of the Forest) was launched in Brazil in 2013 in a context of grave environmental degradation and humanitarian crisis. We analyze the texts that make up that anthology in their aspect as a critique of W estern environmental th...

Previous studies on the motivation of students studying foreign languages in the Ghanaian context have focused on students' perceptions about the languages they are studying and how these affect their motivation. Most of the studies show that learners at the tertiary level are most likely to be extrinsically motivated. Although studies on students'...

Background/Objectives: The present study examines the role of morphemic units in the initial word recognition stage among beginning readers. We assess whether and to what extent sublexical units, such as morphemes, are used in processing French words and how their use varies with reading proficiency. Methods: Two experiments were conducted to inves...

Quantitative text analysis (BERTopic) on textual responses to an open-ended survey question about climate change in French, German, English, and Norwegian.

The article mainly deals with the research conducted by French linguists in the field of syntax. In the linguistic science of the XIII-XIV centuries, the study of existence and its perception were evaluated as the basis of grammar. The linguists of that time gave special value to the ways of expressing ideas and showed that ideas are formed as a re...

Abstract: The sustainable development policy is a negotiation process among actors. Some are strong, others weak or absent. Some are directly concerned for their social and economic future by the productivity of the natural environment while others not. Some are never present at the negotiation table such as future generations and Nature itself. Th...

This article is dedicated to exploring the theoretical aspects of forming and managing digital ecosystems in industrial enterprises; the main advantages of implementing digital ecosystems in organizational activities and their distinctive features compared to customized digital ecosystems are also examined. The integrated use of digital technologie...

Why does an argument end up in the final court decision? Was it deliberated or questioned during the oral hearings? Was there something in the hearings that triggered a particular judge to write a dissenting opinion? Despite the availability of the final judgments of the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR), none of these legal research questions...

Resumo: A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo identificar as imagens, signos e símbolos, utilizados na construção da subjetividade feminina sob a ótica do realismo capitalista, subvertendo expectativas conservadoras na jornada da protagonista Barbie Estereotipada, no filme homônimo, Barbie (2023), de Greta Gerwig. A metodologia utilizada é a Semiót...

The Torlonia collection, and the Louvre, inherited antique sculptures assembled by Roman aristocracy between the 15th and 18th centuries, and many works in both collections were originally part of early modern collections displayed in Roman palaces and gardens. During the Napoleonic era Napoleon’s armies and his agent Dominique-Vivant Denon seized...

This latest volume of the proceedings of the international and multidisciplinary symposium entitled “La représentation du féminin” (Ecole Normale Supérieure de Libreville, 26, 27 and 28 April 2023) brings together contributions from researchers who have worked on women and marginality. This symposium was organized by the French, English and Hispani...

The aim of the article is to assess the economic conditions of Andorra, Monaco and San Marino. The article presents these microstates against the background of neighboring countries and the Economic and Monetary Union. The impact of the Spanish and French economies to Andorra, the French economy to Monaco, the Italian economy to San Marino contribu...

This study explores the effectiveness of prompt optimization techniques for legal case outcome extraction using Large Language Models (LLMs). Two state-of-the-art LLMs, LLaMA3 70b and Mixtral 8x7b, are used in a zero-shot data extraction task on a diverse dataset of 400 French appellate court decisions. The results show that LLMs exhibit remarkable...

The relevance effect refers to the influence that instructions have on readers’ attention and learning. The present study examined whether relevance influences elementary school students’ reading comprehension and cognitive engagement. To measure the latter, eye movements and postural sway were recorded in 42 French speaking students aged 9.3–11.6...

The contrast between languages such as Italian that allow subjects of tensed sentences to be null (i.e., pro-drop languages) and those like French that do not (i.e., non-pro-drop languages) is a classic issue for comparative syntactic research. Nevertheless, while several studies have been dedicated to pro-drop languages, distinguishing across diff...

The article aims to examine types and kinds of diasystemic variability of language in historical retrospective. Based on the material of the Old French language, the paper explains the need to distinguish and take into account three types of diasystemic variability in diachronic linguistic research: real, supposed and non diasystemic. The real dias...

This paper aims to provide a comparison between texts produced by French and Italian politicians on polarizing issues, such as immigration and the European Union, and their chatbot counterparts created with ChatGPT 3.5. In this study, we focus on implicit communication, in particular on presuppositions and their functions in discourse, which have b...

Abstract. The article considers the reasons for the appearance of the french article in keeping with: 1. the most famous and widespread theory of «compensation» – the article is necessary to compensate for the lost Latin nominative inflection. Since the formation and evolution of french and other romance languages takes place in line with the progr...

By analyzing the sugars extracted from oak chips toasted at various temperatures (180 to 280 °C) for various durations (10 to 30 min) in a model wine, we examined how wood polysaccharides are affected by toasting. The responses induced by toasting significantly differed among the major sugars constituting the wood. The main components of wood polys...

Generative AI proposes several large language models (LLMs) to automatically generate a message in response to users' requests. Such scientific breakthroughs promote new writing assistants but with some fears. The main focus of this study is to analyze the written style of one LLM called ChatGPT by comparing its generated messages with those of the...

Background: The aim of this study is to use an eye tracker to compare the understanding of three forms of implicitness (i.e., presupposition, conversational implicatures, and irony) in 139 pupils from the first to the fifth year of elementary school. Methods: The child was invited to read short texts composed of a context about some characters and...

Background The onset of hematological malignancies can lead to acute and critical situations. It can also result in adverse outcome despite the significant advancements made in their therapeutic management. In this context, advance care planning and, in particular, advance directives (AD) play an essential role. However, the use of AD in patients w...

Self-development is a crucial aspect of language teaching as it fosters various dimensions of language teacher cognition, affect, and identity, ultimately contributing to better learning outcomes. Most studies on language teacher self-development have examined language teachers' cognitive, affective, and identity-related reactions to particular pro...

Over the past sixty-six years, eight presidents successively headed the Fifth French Republic (de Gaulle, Pompidou, Giscard d'Estaing, Mitterrand, Chirac, Sarkozy, Holland, Macron). After presenting the corpus of their speeches-9,202 texts and more than 20 million labelled words-the style of each of them will be characterized by their vocabulary (l...

Aims We aim to describe the incidence of HF hospitalization in France in the post‐pandemic era, the prevalence of HF cases and patients' characteristics, management and outcomes while focusing on sex, age and socio‐economic differences and to analyse time‐trends between 2012 and 2022. Methods and results Based on the French health care database pr...

This article analyzes how direct popular legislation was discussed in France from 1850 to 1852. It is during the Second Republic that the idea of directly involving the people in the law-making process becomes a concrete proposal. It is extensively debated by left republican thinkers such as Ledru-Rollin, Rittinghausen and Considerant to argue, aga...

Generative AI proposes several large language models (LLMs) to automatically generate a message in response to users' requests. Such scientific breakthroughs promote new writing assistants but with some fears. The main focus of this study is to analyze the written style of one LLM called ChatGPT by comparing its generated messages with those of the...

The western Alpine belt is the focal point of moderate but constant seismic activity. Numerous geodynamic and seismological studies underline the many scientific questions linked to Alpine dynamic processes and the associated rate of deformation resulting from late continental collision phases, and the assessment of seismic hazard and its associate...

The human-dog relationships within the teams working in olfactory search within the French Armed Forces have not been investigated through an exploratory and qualitative approach. In order to expand knowledge on this professional and relational modality, semi-structured interviews were conducted with dog handlers from the French Army (n=16) perform...

In France’s 2024 legislative elections, two-thirds of the candidates who qualified for the runoff withdrew from the competition. The media argued that this was a deliberate strategy to reduce the radical right’s chances of winning an absolute majority of seats. This kind of strategic behavior is based on rationality and collective action that hardl...

Despite the popularity of immersion/bilingual programs across the globe, student retention from kindergarten to the last year of high school has been a preoccupying issue for decades. There is a dearth of research exploring the challenges faced by parents, who are the primary decision-makers when it comes to enrolment and withdrawal. Thus, we lack...

Abstract: The study reviews the situation of Algerian Indigenous people in the Oranian department before the First World War, 1908-1914, and their reactions to the application of the Conscription Law, 1912, including protests, delegations, petitions, complaints, uprisings, the Beni Chougrane Uprising of 1914, and migration to Arab and Islamic count...

This study conducts a comparative analysis of grounding strategies employed in French and Indonesian narrative discourse. Utilizing both qualitative and quantitative methodologies, the research draws upon a corpus of French and Indonesian novels to examine the linguistic mechanisms utilized to establish grounding in these languages. This research q...

The 27,000 km of railway track in France represents approximately 100 million tonnes of ballast. This ballast requires maintenance approximately every 7 years, screening and partial renewal every 20 years, and complete replacement every 40 years. Despite its shortcomings, ballast is still widely used on railways worldwide, as there is no better or...

Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is a genetic disorder characterized by ectopic calcification of tissues rich in elastic fibres (OMIM 264800). To date, PXE is considered a metabolic disease linked to an imbalance between pro‐ and anti‐calcifying factors. The occurrence of sporadic erythematous flareups of PXE skin lesions is a complaint that we heard...

Objectives Self-rated health (SRH) has shown to be a strong predictor of morbidity, functional decline, and mortality outcomes. This paper investigates the association between sociodemographic variables (e.g., employment, education, sex) and SRH among Black Canadians. Methods We used cross-sectional survey data ( n = 1380) from the A/C (African Ca...

Automatic speech recognition is a process of using computers to convert voice signals produced by human speech into reasonable format i.e. text or command that conveys the same meaning as the speaker intended to do. Many researchers are working on various languages including English and other European languages like Spanish, German, and French etc....

Mo Yan's Red Sorghum Clan is known for its unique style of language, in which a large number of words are loaded with cultural meaning. During the translation process, how to accurately convey the unique cultural information of the original text to the reader is a difficult task that translators often encounter. Based on Eugene Nida's method, this...

Despite the growing interest in the study of intonation in bilingual regions in France, the case of Basque French remains under-investigated. Previous research on yes-no questions in standard French has shown that rising contours are the prototypical realization, while bilingual varieties in contact with Corsican or Occitan also seem to allow falli...

While there is a lively debate about the potential harmful effects of pesticide use, the multiplication of data sources offers new ways of assessing these effects. To facilitate future studies, this article sets out a method for obtaining a map of pesticide use intensity for mainland France, taking into account the effect of each plot. To do so, a...

International Centre for Documentary Heritage (ICDH) has initiated a pilot project to contribute to enhancing discussion on monitoring and reporting in the MoW Programme. This project involves research on the necessity and direction of monitoring, as well as the development of a survey form (as a draft framework of monitoring) to assess the current...

Discovery of Nemoura cinerea selene Consiglio, 1959 from French South-East Alps (Plecoptera, Nemouridae)

There is a growing body of literature on the use and selection of social media platforms for political activism. However, less attention has been given to identifying citizens who are politically disconnected—those registered on social media platforms but not engaging in political activities. Additionally, whether patterns of non-use of social medi...

Resumo: Este trabalho sintetiza resultados de uma pesquisa que visa apresentar uma análise das divisões territoriais na América do Sul. Neste enfoque, voltado para o Brasil, são abordados elementos da origem histórica e da atual conformação territorial do país. É destacada a importância da redivisão territorial da França, por ocasião da Revolução d...

A small book that gives answers about 80 questions commonly asked about sea turtles. Chelonidae; Tortue marine; Vie marine; Chelonia mydas; Caretta caretta; Lepidochelys olivacea; Lepidochelys kempi; Eretmochelys imbricata; Dermochelys coriacea

Objective To evaluate the perioperative severity of acute appendicitis during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the same periods in 2018 and 2019 in the Nancy-Metz region, France. Summary background data Acute appendicitis is a common surgical emergency that can lead to severe complications if not treated promptly. The COVID-19 pandemic and subseq...

En un yacimiento arqueológico de vida tan prolongada como el hospital-monasterio de Santa Cristina de Somport resulta de gran importancia acotar sus extremos cronológicos con la ayuda indispensable de la documentación histórica. Y así se presumía un hipotético y legendario comienzo de su andadura a fines del siglo XI y un abrupto final a comienzos...

This work evaluated the effect of storage positioning on the internal and external egg quality traits of French Pekin ducks. Thirty eggs obtained from 1-year-old breeder Pekin ducks were used in this study. The eggs were divided into two groups with 15 eggs per group. The egg of group 1 (T1) was stored with the broad-end upwards (15 eggs) and the e...

Over the past three decades, non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques have gained worldwide attention and demonstrated therapeutic potential in various medical fields, particularly psychiatry. The emergence of these novel techniques has led to an increased need for robust training programs to provide practitioners, whether clinicians or sci...

Resumen: La introducción del español como disciplina en la enseñanza en Costa de Marfil fue obra del colonizador francés. Por consiguiente, este tuvo, durante mucho tiempo, gran influencia en su didáctica. En efecto, desde los inicios en los años 50 hasta 1977, año de la primera ley educativa marfileña, las normas que regían la enseñanza eran las d...

This article explores the significance of engaging in intercultural reversals of perspectives by reconstructing Voltaire's reflections on the relationship between China and Europe. It highlights the ensuing ethics of universal religious tolerance in this civilizational comparison. Voltaire employed China as a heuristic model primarily to criticize...

THIS PAPER EXPLORES THE POWER DYNAMICS BETWEEN THE MILITARY, THE STATE, THE SOLDIERS, AND CITIZENS IN FRANCE. UTILIZING MIXED METHODS – INCLUDING PARTICIPANT OBSERVATION AS A RANK-AND-FILE RESERVE SOLDIER, ELEVEN IN-DEPTH INTERVIEWS WITH MILITARY PERSONNEL, AND ANALYSIS OF LEGAL TEXTS, GOVERNMENTAL DATA AND SURVEYS – THE RESEARCH EXAMINES THE MILIT...

Political instability and cultural conflicts in Africa have resulted in depression, loss of lives and destruction of properties, thus deteriorating the well-being of the citizens. The objective of the study is to assess the effect of cultural conflicts on well-being in 41 African countries from 2006 to 2017. This study adopted the Driscoll/Kraay es...

The following study aims to investigate the impact of injustice on income inequality in Africa between 2000 and 2020. Both male and female injustice levels are evaluated using gender-specific scores to indicate the injustice suffered by both genders. The study utilized the Gini and Palma ratios as proxies for income distribution inequality. After a...

Recent report suggests that the French public school system is struggling to provide sufficient content to the students both in terms of quantity and quality. Since the French formal education system does not seem to provide adequate sexual and emotional life education, the present study’s objective is to identify and examine the processes underlyi...

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This article aims to clarify and clarify one of the most important principles in the field of the regulation of medical relations, namely the principle of goodness between contractual and organizational nature, which the French judiciary has been remarkably interested in unlike the Algerian judiciary, which did not care about adapting it, given the...

The study aimed to test the impact of Green Knowledge Management (GKM) on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and Green Innovation (GI) in economic firms. The researcher collected data from lower, middle, and upper-level managers of small, medium, and large-sized manufacturing and services firms located in France. The data were analysed using stru...

This essay celebrates the five decades of the publication of the book The Discourse on Language by Michel Foucault, reflecting on its repercussion among the social sciences and on its uses in the field of language, mainly in the analysis of the French line discourse. Therefore, this is a critical retrospective whose analysis begins with the intervi...

The present article provides a contrastive corpus-based analysis of resultative secondary predicates in recipe contexts. Two Germanic languages (Dutch and English) and two Romance languages (French and Spanish) are investigated. Based on a sample of 4,000 (i.e., 1,000 per language) resultative constructions (RCs) retrieved from a tailor-made corpus...

This article begins with the question: “Why is study abroad focused on discrete locations and stasis when human history is characterized by movement, flows, and connectivity?” The answer to that question can be found in the original purposes of study abroad in addition to the historical and epistemological context in which these programs emerged. T...

This paper delves into the concept of collegial conversation within the context of education, emphasizing the need for a transformative dialogue among educators. The importance of meaningful conversations, characterized by substantial content, voluntariness, common ground, and evolutionary aspects over time, is highlighted. The narrative then shift...

Objective: Orthorexia has been widely studied, but recently, a new conceptualisation was proposed to distinguish its healthy characteristics from its pathological ones. The objective of this study was to differentiate healthy orthorexia (HeOr) from orthorexia nervosa (OrNe) by exploring their sociodemographic, psychological, health, and dietary cha...

Analysis of organophosphorus Insecticide residues in French bean pods and green chili in the district of Jorhat in Assam was done as a p-art of M. Sc. (Agri) dissertation work during 1987-88 at Assam Agricultural University under the Department of Entomology.

RESUMO O presente artigo propõe tornar visíveis certas movimentações do desvelar do conhecimento estético-visual discutidas pelo pensador francês Maurice Merleau-Ponty. Apresentamos um contínuo de desenhos do artista Geraldo de Barros para oferecer um modo de compreender e interpretar o objeto estético e uma proposta metodológica construída para es...

This study, a survey of participants of a summer STSA in Italy, now the most common study abroad programs in the most popular geographical area, complemented with five in-depth interviews, sought to understand how students see their experiences and most specifically the importance of out-of-class traveling every weekend. Data revealed that students...

This is the French translataion of the original book: "Circular Economy Explained" L'économie circulaire expliquée Concepts, avantages et perspectives d'avenir 2ème édition "En réduisant notre dépendance à l'égard des ressources primairesnous ne protégeons pas seulement notre planète, mais nous ouvrons également la voie à un avenir durable où la...

This study assesses the extent to which a medium-term international service learning (ISL) project led by a Canadian university in partnership with sub-Saharan African universities achieves five objectives with respect to the interns: increasing local and global community engagement, activating leaders, developing global citizens, personal and prof...

ظل البحث في حقل التربية يتأرجح بين مقاربة اختزالية تربط التربية بالبعد السيكولوجي في إطار ما عرف بالسيكو- بيداغوجيا، والمقاربة التعددية التي يغيب فيها التجسير والتكامل بين الحقول المعرفية المهتمة بالتربية. وهو ما كان له انعكاس على طبيعة المعرفة التربوية التي ظلت أسيرة للتفكير الخطي الاختزالي، وظلت معها المجهودات العلمية المبذولة مجزأة ومشتتة. صحيح...

IFV and INRAE have used the EoleDrift test rig to measure the drift reduction performance of two types of plot modification (shrub hedges and windbreak nets). Whatever the sprayer used and the type of drift measured (airborne, sedimentary, exposure of mannequins), the reduction rates measured in the presence of physical barriers are relatively stab...

This study aims to research well-being in the city. Well-being refers quite systematically to the notion of an urban atmosphere and the quality of outdoor spaces. In Annaba, the central core of the city inherited from French colonialism, ‘Course of Revolution,’ constitutes one of the last places of ‘well-being’ par excellence for the inhabitants of...

Partant de souvenirs personnels de l’auteur, et se basant en partie sur des événements authentiques, cet article-canular imagine une relation amoureuse entre Maria Skłodovska (la future Marie Curie) et Jules Verne, ce qui aurait influencé la production romanesque de ce dernier. [Based on the author's personal reminiscences and partly on authentic e...

One of the essential aims of foreign language teaching is to improve students' writing skills, particularly in academic contexts. Learning to write in French among middle cycle learners is one of primary missions of Algerian schools, where French occupies a prominent place as the second language after Arabic. It is a language of daily communication...

Pedagogy occurs through a sustained relationship between bodies produced over time. During that time, actions, exchanges, adjustments, communications, as well as conflicts, cultures, and languages spontaneously create networks of intentionless learning. Pedagogy in the arts springs from a social trans-cognitive process of material sedimentary excha...

Berbers, in majority Kabyles, constitute about 40% of the French population of Algerian origin. The French state, because of double conditioning (1. "republican values", 2. postcolonial relations with Algeria) ignore in fact in various manners the Kabyle presence in the French territory: they ascribe them automatically "Arabian" and "Muslim" roots...

The twenty-first century has seen a much-deserved revival in interest in BS Johnson as a figure within Britain’s postwar avant-garde, often noted both for his working-class background and vociferous—even dogmatic—espousal of aesthetic innovation. However, while Johnson is often understood as both working class and a writer—not to mention a passiona...

In the face of enduring environmental decline, ecologists are continuously exploring new ways to improve the relevance of their research and address nature conservation issues. Hoping for more relevant solutions than former species-centered conservation, some ecologists have mapped ecosystems and the services they deliver to human societies. Maps o...

The concept of resonance proposed by Hartmut Rosa offers a relational and bidirectional perspective, providing a valuable lens to address certain limitations of the concept of agency in theology. Specifically, it avoids emphasizing a stark opposition between human and divine agency. In this paper, we aimed to explore how preachers articulate a reso...

This article documents the sudden creation of a significant entrepôt for French wine, particularly Bordeaux claret, in Boulogne-Sur-Mer starting in 1720. Scottish Jacobites who practiced a rebellious version of “fair trade” dominated this commerce, and their network had direct links to 18th-century economic thinkers such as Richard Cantillon, Charl...

ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder with multifactorial origins. Several studies have shown that parent–child attachment impacts the expression of ADHD symptoms, while others have highlighted the influence of cognitive impairments on ADHD symptoms. However, few studies have simultaneously examined the respective contributions of child attachment...

This article explores the importance of the Casa Sonzogno publishing house for the Italian operetta market from the second half of the nineteenth century until the eve of the First World War, including its offshoot company Casa musicale Lorenzo Sonzogno. The article focuses particularly on Casa Sonzogno’s policies of importation, translation and in...

In this study, we respond to calls for more research on the motivation to learn a third language (L3), especially regarding how this motivation is influenced by linguistic distance in various second language (L2) contexts. We employed a comparative and mixed-method design to investigate whether L3