Foreign Policy - Science topic

This edited volume explores the past, present, and future of the Korean Peninsula, with special focus on South Korea, by connecting developments in politics with those in international relations and diplomacy. The book focuses on how South Korea’s politics and international relations have evolved since the founding of the First Republic in 1948, w...

The “return to religion” in international relations has stimulated interest in how religion shapes public attitudes toward foreign policy, including use of military force. In the American case, most analysis has focused on the militarism of Evangelical Protestants (Baker, Hurwitz and Nelson 2008; Page and Bouton 2006; Baumgartner, Francia, and Morr...

Chinese and South Asian interactions can be found back into history in 3rd century BC. Besides a long shared history their relationship never remained strong but limited to culture, religion and hardly ever commerce. The political interactions between them started in late 1940s when British Raj ended in subcontinent and new establishment took over...

The authors consider the period of stay of Count Sava Lukich Vladislavich-Raguzinsky, from 1725 until 1728, in Eastern Siberia during and after his diplomatic mission to the Qing Empire. His role in the expansion and strengthening of Russia’s influence on the eastern borders is established. Particular attention is paid to the issue of streamlining...

The author analyzes the features and results of trade, economic and political relations of the Chinese province of Xinjiang with Soviet Russia and the USSR in 1921-1922. The main sources for the preparation of the article were historical and archival materials on the trade and economic relations of Xinjiang with Russia and the Soviet Union (1896-19...

The relevance of the research topic is due to the strengthening of the role of Qatar in international affairs. The purpose of this study is to identify the causes, factors, and consequences of the rise of Qatar in the international arena. The Gulf Monarchy has faced a number of historical developments and trends that have contributed to its transfo...

The author discusses the prehistory of the spread of Orthodoxy among the residents of Western China that was inextricably linked to the policy of Russia in Central Asia in the second half of the 19th century and traces the first missionary projects carried out in Ghulja (1851) among the descendants of captive Albazinians exiled from Beijing to the...

The author identifies the Russian architectural heritage in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China in the process of intercultural and interethnic interaction of the Russian Diaspora with the peoples of the province. In this regard, the subject of the study is the preserved monuments of Russian culture - residential buildings, temples, cemet...

This literature review provides a comprehensive overview of the concepts of hard power, soft power, and smart power in international relations. Hard power refers to the use of military and economic might to achieve foreign policy goals, while soft power emphasizes the ability to shape the preferences and values of others through attraction rather t...

The article examines the potential of Iran and ASEAN relations in an emerging multipolar world. Iran’s “Look East” foreign policy and ASEAN’s desire to reinforce its legitimacy, have brought the two parties together. While some progress has been made in diplomatic, cultural, non-traditional security, and economic fields, the main challenges, such a...

Throughout the first two years of Ronald Reagan's presidency, there seemed to be a consistent discord between him and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin. However, this article aims to demonstrate that despite any apparent disagreements between the two leaders, the relationship between their respective countries remained robust and durable during...

As a European observer of Latin American foreign policy, one often wonders whether it is guided by general principles or norms. European governments are used to being accused, often quite rightly, of applying double standards in their foreign policy. But it seems that some Latin American governments want to match or even surpass Europe in this resp...

Como observador europeo de la política exterior latinoamericana, uno se pregunta a menudo si esta se orienta con base en principios o normas generales. Los Gobiernos europeos están acostumbrados a que se les acuse, a menudo con mucha razón, de aplicar un doble rasero en su política exterior. Pero parece que algunos Gobiernos latinoamericanos quiere...

Structural realists accuse U.S. economic engagement with China as a mistake driven by liberal idealism and lack of realism. I suggest that this increasingly popular narrative reflecting the traditional idealism-realism distinction is misplaced. First, liberal approaches to international relations can clash with each other when a democratic state en...

A partir de una reflexión profunda en torno al papel que cumplen las utopías en los proyectos políticos que intervienen en las relaciones internacionales, este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar el cambio de rumbo de la política exterior de Brasil en el periodo 2003-2022. Ello implica observar la transformación sufrida por la acción internaciona...

Zusammenfassung Russlands Angriff auf die Ukraine im Februar 2022 legt die Diagnose eines imperialistischen Eroberungskrieges nahe. Gleichzeitig fristen imperialismus theoretische Zugänge zur russländischen Außenpolitik ein widersprüchliches Nischendasein. So führen die kritischen Sozialwissenschaften Imperialismus maßgeblich auf kapitalistische En...

This article considers the structural barriers that exist for individuals to hold the EU responsible for violations of human rights abuses in its CSDP missions, despite the theoretical availability of a framework for remedies. This is a result of jurisdictional complications with CFSP/CDSP measures, attribution difficulties, and ambiguity in what c...

This study aimed to assess the extent of the interest of prominent Arab news channels (Al-Arabiya, Al-Jazeera, and Al-Mayadeen) in the issue of Palestinian detainees in Israeli jails and prisons by analyzing the content of their pages on the Facebook platform. It also aimed to reveal the most important topics they dealt with regarding the Palestini...

Pada tahun 2016, PM Jepang yaitu Shinzo Abe memiliki visi menyatukan dua samudra dan dua benua yaitu di kawasan Indo-Pasifik ini menjadi kawasan yang stabil dan makmur dan memastikan tatanan internasional berbasis aturan ditegakkan. Kebijakan luar negeri ini kemudian dikenal dengan Free and Open Indo-Pacific (FOIP). Dengan fakta tersebut, penulis m...

The EU is often criticized for its weak commitment to the promotion and consolidation of democracy in the MENA region. Furthermore, more often than not, the EU is also accused of prioritizing national interests and security concerns over long-term goals in the region including the 'stability through democracy' goal in the region. The many efforts b...

This article applies Bakhtinian dialogism and the idea of centripetal and centrifugal forces in struggle to critical discourse studies to analyse how powerful and marginalised discourses are brought into competition in political language to justify paradigm changes. I analyse German chancellor Olaf Scholz’s Zeitenwende (‘watershed’) speech, which h...

Global human rights governance is at a critical juncture. International politics has turned distinctly hostile to human rights. Major powers in the current multi-polar world have embraced a transactional and anti-liberal foreign policy, with little salience given to human rights concerns. The European Union is consumed with disintegrating and natio...

Статья посвящена истории развития ОПК СССР в годы первой пятилетки. Эта тема рассматривается в контексте дискуссии о роли сталинского режима в подготовке СССР к войне. Автор придерживается мнения, что достижения первой пятилетки в российской историо-графии были преувеличены из-за применения неверных методологических подходов в сравнительном анализе...

Energy security is among the most substantial pillars of China's and India's foreign policy. As a result the two countries have developed an energy diplomacy that aims to guarantee access to oil-and-gas-rich regions, namely Africa. The continent is a target to Chinese and Indian oil and gas companies activities, therefore, The two countries are lea...

This article focuses on the Russian Federation as a state in between strength and weakness, West and East, a permanent member and a potential outsider. It begins with the Russian decline in power, using as measurable indicators the five dimensions of security promoted by the Copenhagen School of security studies. It continues with Russian foreign p...

The weaponization of the US dollar can hurt US interests, damaging relationships with allies and complicating foreign policy objectives. As the world becomes more multipolar, the dominance of the dollar may face challenges. • The US dollar serves as a universal medium of exchange and a store of value. • The US uses the dollar to exert economic p...

Devletlerin kalkınma, refah ve gelişimlerini sağlama noktasında önem-li derecede rol oynayan enerji, aynı zamanda uluslararası konjonktürde devletlerin strateji araçlarından biri haline gelmiştir. Enerji politikaları kısa dönemde enerji kaynaklarının uluslararası pazarlara emniyetli bir şekilde ulaşmasını, arz ve fiyatlandırma gibi meseleleri kapsa...

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the determinants of the balancing policy of the Arab states of the Persian Gulf in relation to the war in Ukraine and the political and economic consequences of this policy. The main hypothesis holds that the foreign policy of the Arab states of the Persian Gulf toward the war in Ukraine is primarily a functi...

In 1945 Karl Polanyi published an essay entitled "Universal Capitalism or Regional Planning", which analyzes the possibilities of the coming new global order according to the "tendencies" of the major world powers' foreign policies. Polanyi correctly identified the moment as a "turning point" in world history and was in fact uncommonly prescient in...

Background The COVID-19 outbreak has shifted the course in the global health debate further towards health security and biomedical issues. Even though global health had already played a growing role in the international policy agenda, the pandemic strongly reinforced the interest of the media, the general public and the community in cross-border in...

In 2020, the whole of the planet was engulfed by the coronavirus pandemic, which resulted in unprecedented health, social and economic crises on the world stage. The outburst of COVID-19 has caused an irreversible blow to numerous vital industries, including aviation, entertainment, tourism, and real estate, with millions of people losing their emp...

A novel graph model with time-varying altitudes is developed to interpret the trade disputes between China and the United States (US) during the period between 2017 and 2019. The implementation of strategies for China and the US was affected by their bilateral relations represented by mutual attitudes changing over time along the evolution of the d...

Abstract We strive to show the direction of the Georgian foreign policy, which is fully oriented towards European integration and economic development. The focus of Georgia's foreign policy is shifting to the EU region. European integration into the economic and political space is the main direction of Georgia's development. Today, integration pr...

This pivotal change in the foreign policy of the Philippines in the time of Duterte has been extended now in the administration of President Ferdinand Bongbong Marcos Jr, in his flexible foreign policy patterned strongly under the constitutional proviso of pursuing an independent foreign policy. This paper seeks to undertake a study on how the Ph...

Multilateralism is in crisis. States increasingly contest, undermine and even withdraw from international organisations and other multilateral institutions. Challenges emanate not only from emerging powers but also from established Western states and civil society. No other actor but the EU is more intimately entangled with multilateralism. This ar...

Relations between Brazil and Russia come from the times of the empire, permeate the military governments and experienced a new moment during the 1990s with the creation of the so-called Brazil-Russia High Level Commission and the strategic partnership. The objective of this work is to draw an overview of the cooperation between Brazil and Russia du...

Objective/Context: This article examines the evolution of China’s diplomatic strategy in Latin America in terms of how effectively Chinese diplomats have adapted to the demands of their country’s multi-dimensional engagement with the region over the past three decades. This strategy underpins China’s investments in the region and relates to regiona...

El presente trabajo analiza el impacto en el sector productivo bonaerense del acuerdo MERCOSUR-Unión Europea. En particular se trabajan los sectores automotriz, cerealero, metalmecánico, cárnico, lácteo y farmaceútico por ser los de mayor impacto en el comercio exterior provincial. Queda además planteada la necesidad de reveer el rol de las provinc...

This article analyses the recent use of European Union (EU) terminology of digital sovereignty and strategic autonomy, aiming to identify tensions between policy considerations of fundamental rights, free market principles and geopolitical concerns. These tensions are rooted in the disparity between the EU's considerable economic and regulatory pow...

This article analyzed the significance of the ultimatum as a means of declaring aggression against another state in international law, and what influence it has in evaluating the actions of the head of USSR in the context of the events of January 13th 1991. The first part of the article analyzed the classical concept of ultimatum and its meaning in...

This paper examines the role of the European Union (EU) in creating a Palestinian state and whether there is a coherent unity among EU Member States regarding its recognition. The research hypothesis is that EU Member States do not unanimously recognize the legitimacy of a Palestinian state, despite the EU's collective belief in creating a two-stat...

The relevance of the research topic is conditioned by the functioning of the national economy, which is associated with the development and improvement of the project management system and the mechanism of the innovation process in the country. New trends in economic development and conditions of uncertainty in innovation processes force organizati...

The job of an Iraqi Prime Minister is a complex balancing act on both the domestic and international fronts. To begin with, there is the challenge of managing competition between the country’s factitious elites. Then there is the unresolved tension between self-interested elites and a citizenry that has largely lost faith in its political leaders....

Despite the restrictions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and unfavorable foreign policy factors, tourism remains attractive to the population of many countries. The desire of a person to “move” in order to see something new, to feel what representatives of other cultures feel, is natural, in line with the logic of the historical development of peop...

This paper examines how Turkish invasions into Northern Syria’s Kurdish enclave undermine US and European policy objectives. It argues that the Turkish state, obsessed with Kurdish hostility, endangers American and European foreign policies by further destabilising war-torn Syria, facilitating the empowerment of Islamist extremist groups, impeding...

The paper is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of sports diplomacy as part of the soft power of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) in the context of the implementation of Vision 2030. The research analyzes the factors of interdependence between current domestic, regional, and global policies of Saudi Arabia. The paper highlights the reasons...

The book Nigeria in the Global Arena: Past, Present and Future is a compendium of scholarly works that x-rays the various dimensions of Nigeria’s role and diplomacy in international politics and global economic relations. The scope and subject-matter addressed in the book is impressive, which makes it a must read for scholars, diplomats, public off...

In education policymaking, policy transfer can be seen as one of the practical tools. The cons and pros of the process are clearly manifested in post-socialist countries where the education system started to change fundamentally after regaining independence in line with increased interest from donor organizations. The article deals with the process...

Accession to the European Union (EU) significantly impacted the structure and volume of Poland’s Official Development Assistance (ODA). Since 2004, most of the Polish aid has been distributed through multilateral channels (annually 73% on average), with the dominant position among them of the EU (annually 90% of multilateral ODA and at the same tim...

This article looks at the European Union’s external policy as a late-Westphalian political innovation. The article assumes that the external activity of the European Union goes beyond the classical framework of foreign policy, which is usually considered an attribute of the state, and the EU itself, as a hybrid entity, formulates and implements ext...

History of Afghanistan is marked by conflicts and hostility between kings, sultans, princes and families. Therefore, the correct understanding of this history goes back to the scientific mentality of researchers and analysts of Afghanistan, which indicates scientific neutrality. The main issue of this research is that Shah Mohammad Wali Khan Darwaz...

Pan-Islamism had resonated strongly with Muslim political leaders of the Indian sub-continent, including those inspired by Jamāl al-Dīn al-Afghānī, credited with coining the term. These political leaders included prominent members of the All-India Muslim League, who were at the forefront of the Indian Muslims’ struggle for a separate homeland that...

Based on the analysis of official documents of the Ministry of Defense that determine Japan’s foreign policy (Annual White Papers on Defense of Japan), public opinion polls, as well as the socio¬political discourse of Japanese society, the main threats to Japan’s national security in the field of its relations with neighboring countries (Russia, Ch...

The Defense Diplomacy Strategy for the Garuda Contingent of the Indonesian National Army in South Lebanon is important in carrying out the mandate of the 1945 Constitution, namely participating in carrying out world order based on independence, eternal peace, and social justice as well as a free and active foreign policy stance.The Defense Dip...

Between March and December of 2020, more than three dozen states received various types of COVID-19 assistance from Moscow. The Russian government emphasized a humanitarian character of what has become the largest package of emergency aid since Russia’s independence. The Western governments and commentators cautioned that Moscow had strategic and n...

The article examines the features of the political course of Prime Minister of Japan Fumio Kishida in February-May 2022, which was aimed at stabilizing the situation in Japan after the start of Russia's special military operation in Ukraine. The dynamics and reasons for the stable support of the Prime Minister from the citizens of Japan are analyze...

(In this PDF, the English version is available below the Japanese one) The 20th Party Congress signaled Xi Jinping’s consolidation of power, as he is now expected to execute his foreign policy and domestic agenda with fewer political constraints. In analyzing Xi’s public statements and the CPC’s official documents, this report highlights Beijing’s...

This paper discusses the changing dynamics in Japan’s economic and foreign policies in the context of US–China trade tensions and China’s greater economic and political prominence in East Asia. It investigates the different phases of Japan’s foreign policy since the World War II. It argues that the post-war order provided Japan with an environment...

Reading Graeme D. Eddie’s book – Swedish Foreign Policy, 1809–2019: A Comprehensive Modern History – is a remarkable history lesson. And don’t get me wrong, it is in no way like the boring, never-ending, tedious history lectures held by a dull teacher whotalks way too slowly; it’s something else. While being a historical review, the book is a real...

Japan has long strived to acquire a more influential voice in trade negotiations but failed because of the lack of decisiveness rooted in the resistance from those who have vested interests. However, a series of domestic reforms undertaken since the 1990s have made it possible for Japan to play a leadership role in the new rulemaking of internation...

This paper examines some important post Cold War changes in the external environment that have contributed to changes in Nigeria’s foreign policy. The external environment of foreign policy is the totality of extraneous factors that influence and shape a country’s foreign policy. The international system was remarkably altered by the historic end o...

In his 2018 book, Identity, the Demand for Dignity and the Politics of Resentment, Stanford University politi­cal scientist Francis Fukuyama addresses themes which might more properly be considered matters of political philosophy and the philosophy of law: How are we to navigate between traditional, ethnic, unitary conceptions of the nation on the...

In recent years, Russia's soft power has attracted the attention of many Central Eurasian researchers. Actions taken by Russia to develop relations with Central Asian countries are usually called soft power. The using Russia's soft power policy in Central Asia can be examined from different dimensions. Therefore, the article's central question is h...

The Visegrad Group format — coordinated policy forum for Czechia, Slovakia, Poland and Hungary — has been dubbed as a significant policy tool that advocates the interests and builds synergies among the four partners. The “Visegrad Four + ” format, which coordinates foreign relations of these four countries, has been narrated as the key foreign poli...

In 2014, Sweden became the first country to adopt a feminist foreign policy. Although a new Swedish government abandoned the country’s feminist foreign policy in October 2022, Sweden has inspired many other states to adopt such a foreign policy to advance the status of women and girls. These developments have not gone unnoticed in South Africa, whe...

Esta sección dossier reúne investigaciones que abordan la política exterior argentina contemporánea desde una lente particular: aquella que reconoce y afirma a la política exterior como política pública. La reflexión se enmarca dentro de un proyecto de investigación colectivo 2 , que busca impulsar el debate respecto de la política exterior argenti...

Paper presented at 16 Feb 2023 international conference on "Foreign and Domestic Policies of Nepal after November 2022 elections" hosted by Institute of South Asian Studies, Chengdu (China)

U.S. interest and involvement in Central and Eastern European countries has gone through various phases, from an intensification, when the spread of democracy in countries of the former USSR became a priority of American foreign policy, through a period of decidedly weakened engagement of the United States in this region and focus on other areas, t...

This study was conducted to explain Indonesia's interests in the South-South Triangular Cooperation (SSTC) policy towards Fiji in the Joko Widodo administration in 2014-2019. This study uses the theory of national interest and foreign policy. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The research method is used to explain and explore Ind...

Los esfuerzos por explicar el cambio de política exterior (CPE) en el análisis de política exterior (APE) se remontan a los años ochenta del siglo XX. Holsti ([1982] 2016), Goldman (1988), Hermann (1990) y Carlsnaes (1992) son pioneros en la materia. Pero el limitado diálogo con otros campos de la ciencia política, en especial, con el análisis de p...

El análisis de política exterior (APE) se caracteriza por estudiar cómo se elabora este tipo de políticas. Pero entre las decisiones y las acciones que finalmente se ejecutan existe una brecha (implementation gap) que no siempre se toma en cuenta. Se ha descuidado este elemento en la literatura especializada, a pesar de constituir el punto crítico...

David H. Warren enriches the rising literature on ʿulamaʾ and the “Arab Spring” with his first book, which provides an overview of the history of Yusuf al-Qaradawi and Abdullah Bin Bayyah’s relations with Qatar and the UAE, respectively; both ʿulamaʾ and states’ engagement with the “Arab Spring”; and the political thought of both ʿulamaʾ and its co...

The increasing cooperation between Indonesia and China within the last two decades is the gradual evolvement of reconciliation since the resumption of the relationship between these two countries in August 1990. During the course of reconciliation, China has been trying to enhance its positive image in Indonesia as an effort in eliminating suspicio...

Since 2011, the Syrian Civil War has become an arena of international competition between regional and global powers. As a dominant regional actor, Turkey has important interests in this conflict. However, although great importance is given to civil war factors and power balances at the field level, Turkey’s internal conditions play a role as well...

For over 30 years of Ukraine’s independence, the ‘course to the West’ in foreign and security policy has experienced several changes, moving from ‘virtual Europeanization’ through ‘multi-vector’ policy to inscribing full membership in the EU and NATO in the Ukrainian Constitution. Such lack of consistency in the policy of affiliation with the West...

The Arab Uprisings in 2011 have led to redistribution of power in the Middle East. It has brought challenges and opportunities for regional powers such as Saudi Arabia and Turkey. While Turkey has perceived the developments as an opportunity to increase its influence in the region, it has created threat perceptions for Saudi Arabia’s hegemony in th...

The aim of this article is to distinguish the key assumptions and instruments of the People’s Republic of China’s foreign policy towards territorial disputes in which this country is involved (with particular focus on the conflicts over islands and features in the South China Sea) through in-depth analysis of PRC’s policy in the conflict over Scarb...

The paper illustrates the essence of soft power in the realm of Indian diplomacy which is advanced through the forms of media, culture and practises, leading to a desirable influence in foreign policy. Given that its impacts are typically gradual and subtle, soft power is neither the only or even the most significant source of influence. But to ove...

Popular Culture and Foreign Policy: The Case of Turkey and "Valley of Wolves: Ambush" argues that, as a popular text, the Turkish television series Valley of the Wolves: Ambush functions as a site for consent production for foreign policies formed by the AKP within the last decade, through a process of reproduction of state identities, ideologies,...

This article explores the postures of the last three former US presidents towards North Korean nuclear issue. The study applies Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis (CDA) model as a new approach to examine this topic. By analyzing 17 speech corpuses, this study sheds light on the foreign policy adapted G. W. Bush, Obama, and Trump to address No...

El objetivo de este artículo es investigar la incidencia de los condicionantes internos y externos en la conformación y la ejecución de los principales lineamientos de la política exterior de la presidencia de Alberto Fernández. En el frente doméstico, se estudia el sistema de creencias del presidente, la dinámica coalicional y el delicado estado d...

En el presente trabajo se propone un análisis del discurso político de Cristina Fernández de Kirchner y Mauricio Macri en torno a la cuestión de la deuda externa. Específicamente, el proceso que abarca desde el desendeudamiento externo iniciado por Néstor Kirchner y la vuelta al Fondo Monetario Internacional en el gobierno de la Alianza Cambiemos,...

El presente trabajo pretende dar cuenta de cómo los condicionantes externos inciden de manera decisiva en el diseño de la Política Exterior de Argentina hacia la Federación de Rusia. En el siglo XXI las relaciones con Rusia dieron un salto de calidad hasta alcanzar una Asociación Estratégica Integral. Esta vinculación ha sido una constante en las d...

El presente trabajo presenta un enfoque teórico-conceptual para el entendimiento de la política exterior argentina en su interrelación con el orden sistémico global. Este acercamiento se orienta a pensar un patrón de inserción internacional que forme parte de un conjunto de políticas públicas orientadas a un desarrollo inclusivo. Para llevar a cabo...

El artículo se inicia explorando un interrogante acerca de cuáles son las razones que permiten catalogar al Realismo Periférico como una Teoría de Política Exterior teniendo en cuenta que Escudé (1992) se expresaba en esa dirección. Sin embargo, en su obra de (2012) afirmaba que se trataba de una Teoría de Relaciones Internacionales cuestión que es...

During 2016 China’s policies towards North Korea appeared to undergo considerable short-term change, increasingly distancing itself from its neighbour and instead supporting the international community’s response. Existing research has focused on long-term policy change and given little importance to short-term changes in policy, or has drawn on re...

On 29 January 2023, Petr Pavel emerged as the decisive winner of the Czech Republic’s presidential election. The country’s new president is a former chief of the General Staff of the Czech army and chairman of the NATO Military Committee, and an advocate for close European and transatlantic relations in Czech foreign policy. Since his victory, the...

For many decades, the Brazilian State has supported the Palestinian position. In 2010, it recognised the Palestinian State within the 1967 borders. The situation drastically changed with former president Jair Bolsonaro’s rise to power. Bolsonaro openly pledged to Neo-Charismatic Evangelical denominations to transfer the Brazilian embassy from Tel A...

A large number of intangible cultural heritages (ICH), In the development process of the evolution of world history, have been born. In addition, these heritages preserve the most precious part of historical civilization and have high research value. However, in social modernization, these ICHs are gradually being destroyed, and their preservation...

This chapter examines human–animal interaction in East Asian international relations. It suggests that an Anthropocene-inspired worldist outlook could help explore possible ways of integrating nonhuman animal life in doing and thinking about IR. Using the case of Philippine-China South China Sea disputes, it demonstrates how geopolitics’ anthropoce...

Natural resource abundance has been linked to major violent conflicts in the world. Collier and Hoeffler (1998) were the first to discuss distributional concerns among different groups and its potential in instigating violence in the presence of natural resources. This work traces the theories that link natural resource rents to violence and develo...

Pakistan’s foreign policy was radically shifted towards the US in the immediate wake of 9/11. Musharraf’s advisers urged him to align Pakistan with the US in order to pursue personal as well as institutional interests. Military dictators in Africa and elsewhere have always sought external legitimacy in addition to domestic legitimacy obtained usual...

This paper examines the agribusiness influence on Brazilian politics and how it has affected the country’s foreign policy agenda. The method used is discourse analysis. More specifically, we rely on Maarten Hajer’s concept of storylines, developed in his influential book The Politics of Environmental Discourse (1995). The purpose is to analyze how...

It is indicated that over the past 10 years, the issue of ensuring the security of the state has become particularly relevant for domestic legal science, primarily because during this period the foreign policy conditions of our state’s existence have become significantly more complicated, which has led to internal problems (the attack of the Russia...

After World War II, Japan became a major recipient of foreign aid from the USA. As Japan’s economy improved in the 1960s, it played a significant role as a global aid donor in world politics through its Official Development Assistance (ODA). This commitment continued into the 1990s when Japan, as one of the leading proponents of the concept of huma...

This paper looks into the dynamics of American foreign policy making in the Middle East concentrating on the role played by intellectuals in this process. The most important and most debated role has been that of the famous British American historian and Orientalist, Bernard Lewis, and his ties with and influence on the Bush administration at the t...

In the global interaction with the Indo-Pacific order which is dominated by dynamic contestation issues, the Indo-Pacific system stipulates that Indonesia created the Indo-Pacific concept to advance the habit of inclusivity for dialogue with regional settlements to create peace through building blocks in the region. The author formulates the formul...