Football - Science topic

How can information about the biological age of elite players be used in strength training during puberty? Can strength training be individualized with respect to the peak high velocity? Can resistance training be used for accelerated players who are behind their growth spurt? Biologiacal age received from DEXA measurement is the best solution or indirect equations (Mirwald or Khamis Roche) are sufficiently accurate?

Hi dear colleagues, I actually conducting a study about Qatar World Cup and i target many country (USA, Belgique , France, Tunisia, Morocco KSA and UK).

Do you have any solution to get more response from scientific community around the world?

If you are from one of these country and you are interested by the football or you want to help me to share please comment by the name of your country and i will share with you the link of survey.

Thank you

Hello everyone, I would like to ask you what protocols you use most often in training regarding small-sided games in soccer. What is your experience in this field? I mean the scientific approach and the practical/training approach. How many series, how many repetitions, what break between games and between sets. I will be very grateful for every vote in the discussion. Best greetings Paweł

Dear Colleagues,

I have a very generic question, more prone to be a discussion. As you know, the number of papers devoted to modular networks (networks with communities or partitioned networks) is increasing. The majority of research is about detection of communities. My curiosity is the following: There are papers dealing with the problem of ranking nodes across communities. For instance, a generic ranking can be obtained as an aggregate form of rankings locally obtained within each community (using some centrality measures). When you aggregate rankings obtained within different communities, you can use for instance "primus inter pares" style. For instance, you can compare nodes in different communities only if they have earned the same rank in their different communities. This is a simple idea and, for sure, not the unique idea. I have been searching for papers dealing with those types of conceptualisation or applications on modular networks but I haven't found very much on this issue. For instance, Something similar is done when they compare teams in different European football leagues (communities) since they have to form "qualification groups" for the final part of the Champions league (across communities). But they use scores obtained within the specific football league. Thanks very much for your attention.

We are interested on the study of the effect of Small Sided and conditioned games (SSCG´s) on strength and injuries in football.

There are too much studies related to aerobic and anaerobic effects of this game-based teaching and training methodology.

However, there are few references related to this topic and strength of lower limb muscles and prevention of injuries.

Any interesting reference you could suggest?

Thanks a lot.

Floren Huertas

I am looking for articles on the applications of microeconomics in clubbing and achieve the formula for optimizing profits and production of football clubs.

Hi everyone! I would like to write my bachelor's thesis on a topic that's currently relevant in the sphere of analytics, supply chains or technology (or if it's possible a topic concerning all the three fields of interest). I am a business student, and my program covers anything related to the above mentioned fields.

Here are some examples of themes that I am interested in:

Ideally, I would love to find a topic that relates to one of these themes. However, I am open to other suggestions as well. As long as it is interesting.

Obviously any kind of suggestions, regarding new topics (broad or specific) or the development of cited ones would be greatly appreciated.

Thank you in advance!

This the surface an inner layer of soccer ball carcass, Even though this part is not in contact with sunlight or Ozone, but afterwhile all this part become Dry and crispy, why does the surface of the vulcanized rubber sheet become brittle and powdery after a while?

Hi,

I am currently working on a study of football and cricket venue (i.e. stadium, sports ground) locations. Can any one suggest prominent (and or) current literature/ theories that explains major sports venues location in terms of urban form (and/or strcuture)? Would be grateful, as it will help providing particular point of discussion for the study I am on.

The closest I could arrive is the discourse of Sports Geography, basically led by John Bale, where such relation has not been well addressed.

Your suggestions will be worthy. Thanks in advance.

Hello,

I am involved in the research of athletes through Tensiomyography (TMG). Now I'm researching about hundred football players hamstrings of both legs. Have you got some suggestions on this topic from your articles which you recommend? Maybe I could cited it in my future work. Maybe you have some sugestions from your own experience? Maybe you see other opportunity to cooperate in this topic. Thank you.

Greetings,

Paweł

There are a number of smart devices, video and comprehensive analytic platforms applied to sports. Soccer is no exception. What devices or platforms are popular and what are research challenges applied to soccer?

Hello everyone,

I am interested in writing about a dissertation about the wages of the football players of the 5 main leagues in Europe. I wanted to know if someone had an up to date data base where we can find all the wages and some informations about the players ?

Thank you very much for your help :)

I am still in the early stages of this, however I am thinking of exploring the potential football has, as a means to aid the integration of Venezuelan refugees in countries like Peru and Columbia. I am reading that similar to Europe, refugees are subject to racism and resentment. While also in Europe, football clubs have started to partner up refugee forums to help. UEFA recently wrote a report of their commitment to helping the cause. I also wonder if CONEBOL could implement the same action. Early indictors suggest their is a gap in the literature, when it comes to refugees and football in South America.

Hello,

I am looking for a study, that conducted a corpus analysis of non-literal language use in football reports (e.g. metaphors, idioms). Most of all I need the quantitative data. The best would be if the corpus consists of German texts, however this is not necessary.

Any help is appreciated, many thanks in advance!

Hello everyone! I have just started a Master programme in Business Intelligence and I need your help.

I am currently writing my problem statement proposal for my final thesis and I am a little bit confused. My initial idea was that of analysing KPI (key performance indicators) in football, and trying to understand how reliable they are and how much do they reflect reality. An extra idea was that of developing a prototype index that may include different additional factors etc.

After a first contact with my supervisor, he (and then me) realised that it is possible that my thesis will not bring anything new, mostly because there are plenty of infos on the internet regarding my subject. He proposed to investigate more in depth..

There are two ideas that now are running into my head, and I would like to know your opinion.

1. Develop a KPI based on Braveness/courage/(additional synonyms). This may be an interesting subject, especially when defining the variables we should take into consideration. It is a little bit scary so I was wondering if you have any idea on what your path would look like if you were the ones that had to investigate in the matter.

2. The influence a yellow card can have on a player / team / match.

These are the ideas I had to make my thesis more "unique". What are your thoughts? Additional topics (also related to VAR, especially considering that it is a novelty to be discovered) or further considerations are well appreciated.

Thank you!

Football fans are very happy that they can now watch & support their favourite teams live & direct in the field of play. This is indeed good, but with the current pandemic situation on ground, is it advisable to allow fans into the stadium?

We are finishing the experimental design to start a new research and we are in doubt about the best test to evaluate the kinetics of physical performance after a football match. We are evaluating between 10m, 20m, 30m, Vertical jump, Change of Direction (COD) tests.

Can anyone recommend articles that provide valid reference data in young (U11-U19) and uninjured football (soccer) players for the Y-Balance Test and Lower Extremity Functional Test?

The topic of my thesis is "life stress, resilience and mental health among football players" and my assignment is to use the three-dimensional ontological model by Lundh ( ). Please if someone can help me how i can do it and how to use the three model of ontology which i am really confuse.

Soccer is a game played by two teams of eleven players with a round ball that may not be touched with the hands or arms during play except by the goalkeepers. The object of the game is to score goals by kicking or heading the ball into the opponents' goal. In British English: Football.

I would like you to help me find out how to find more literature review and how to research

Thank you all

My college research team and I are in search of an instrument to evaluate emotional involvement in soccer fanatics...yet we can not seem to find an instrument to use? Any recommendations? What should I do to find a good questionnaire? How can I acquire an instrument (preferable free)?

Additionally, this instrument has to be standardized.

Let's say you have to come up with a way to make a lineup for a team. So you get the team stats and player stats like passing, Tackles, Shooting, Interceptions (It's soccer). Anyway you made the lineup, but you have to validate it if that lineup is the best lineup of the team. How do you validate the lineup you have made without playing the team in a match.

Hello,

I hope you are all doing well.

I am doing my dissertation on the wages of the professional football players and I want to do a correlation between the wages and the grades the players have. However, I cannot find any database that gather all the grades of the players by season.

If someone have this database, I would be more than happy to receive it.

Thank you very much for your help :)

Have a nice day,

I got a list of football Midfielders (S1............S22). That is 22 Midfielders. I want to rank them using Fuzzy AHP. SO i got Criteria such as Passing, Shooting, Tackling, Crossing, etc. I have 11 Criteria Overall. (C1...............C11). 22 Players 11 Criteria. I already got the weights of the 11 criteria by asking 5 coaches and it took a long time. I had to make an 11x11 matrix and I was exhausted. Now for the alternatives (Midfielders). I have ALOT OF THEM. Usually per criteria, they do an AXA Matrix where A is the number of Alternatives. That means I have to make 11 22X22 Matrices and That is exhausting. That will even take long. Can I instead ask the coaches to grade each player on a scale of 1-10 per criteria and multiply it to the weight. For Example, Player 1 scores 10 on Criteria 1, 4 in Criteria 2, 9 on criteria 3 and so on. Can I jsut multipley the scores to the weights ofthe criteria, add them up and see which player has a higher overall scores?

A youth football coach referred to me that a player needs to make 3000-6000 decisions during a 90-min football match, while an adult only needs to make 1000-3000 decisions per day at work. I am not sure about these numbers. Could anyone provide any references?

I would like to find some data about domestic and international sales regarding football clubs, in particular Real Madrid C.F.

2) How does parental pressure impact teenage performance and metal skill in football.

Kicking ability represents the most important soccer-specific skill, since it is used not only in passes, crosses, clearances, and also to score goals.

The ability to kick equally with both the preferred and non-preferred leg leads to an advantage for soccer players, since it increases the number of scoring opportunities. In modern football, this ability is becoming even more important as there is less space and time for players to decide what we do with the ball. In fact, there is positive relationship between player’s salary and ability to use two feet in professional soccer.

However, ball velocity is significantly lower after a kick with the non-preferred leg in comparison to the preferred one.

It’s known that two-footedness can be developed, to some extent, by training. But it would be possible to develop two-footed players in soccer club academys? Why don't we teach our soccer players to use both feet equally well?

I'm looking for an algorithm to help automatically track soccer ball in a controlled field experiment (cameras positioned near to the ball) and output its time-series 2-dimensional coordinates. While we have found very efficient methods to do this in human movement features (e.g. OpenPose), we are experiencing some difficulties to found similar methods to detect/track other objects (e.g. ball). If you have some positive experiences with a given method, please let me known. Thanks in advance. Luiz H Palucci Vieira.

Hi my colleagues

What is the name of the style for arranging references alphabetically and numbered consecutively in mendeley?

Thanks,

Example:

xxxxxxx [1]. yyyyyyyy [4]. tttttttt [3]

References

1. Augustus, S., Mundy, P. and Smith, N. (2017) ‘Support leg action can contribute to maximal instep soccer kick performance: an intervention study’, Journal of Sports Sciences, 35(1), pp. 89–98. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2016.1156728.

2. Baca, A. and Perl, J. (2018) Modelling and Simulation in Sport and Exercise. Eds. Routledge.

Barbieri, F. A. et al. (2010) ‘Performance comparisons of the kicking of stationary and rolling balls in a futsal context’, Sports Biomechanics, 9(1), pp. 1–15. doi: 10.1080/14763141003690211.

3. Barbieri, F. A. et al. (2015) ‘Dominant–non-dominant asymmetry of kicking a stationary and rolling ball in a futsal context’, Journal of Sports Sciences, 33(13), pp. 1411–1419. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2014.990490.

4. Barfield, W. R., Kirkendall, D. T. and Yu, B. (2002) ‘Kinematic instep kicking differences between elite female and male soccer players’, Journal of sports science & medicine, 1(3), pp. 72–79. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3967432/.

Hi all,

I'm currently working on a model regarding future positions of soccer players and I'm currently struggeling with the following problem where I can't find any references for. The only feasable papers I can find are of Grehaigne, but I think they might miss out on some aspects that are important namely, acceleration. If I overlooked something, or you can help me with this matter, please let me know!

Hi ,

I am wondering if anybody knows of any papers that refer to incomplete talent development pathways/infrastructure and how this may inhibit an athlete's development? ( specifically looking at football) but any sport will do.

If you could point me in the right direction or recommend a paper it would be greatly appreciated.

Thank you for your time

Brian

My research involves player performance in soccer using Fuzzy Analytic Hierarhy Process. I have Tackles, passing, interceptions, shots, etc as my criteria. I have to ask 6 different people and if the variance is really high..... then FAHP can't be used. With high Variance, let's say one person thinks this is important and another think it's not too important. Two criterias have something like an outlier. Out of the 6 i asked........Two have very different judgments. Three criteria have a like an outlier. The two people who judged the three crtieria have judgments WAY DIFFERENT From the other 4. I dont know what to do next. Consistency Ratio is good. It's jsut the subjective part that's off.

I am looking for international research teams working on social cohesion or football psychology. let me know if you are working and interested to add more colleagues to your projects.

1. How can a small city exploits a local football team's qualification into the UEFA Champions League for the first time to create destination awareness and enhance destination image?

2. How can football be used in creating destination brand awareness and enhance destination image?

3. What kind of collaborative strategies can a DMO and a local football team employ in the marketing and promotion of a destination?

I want to examine the relationship of various physical qualities (jump height, change of direction, linear sprint, etc.) on agility performance. Because I am interested in the combined effect of these qualities, I am led to believe that multiple regression is the correct approach to take.

I am also interested in evaluating how the relationships of these physical qualities change across age/maturity (my sample is youth soccer players aged 10-17yrs). For example, linear speed may contribute most at younger ages, but become less important as the athletes get older/more mature.

Would this be entering age/maturity as a covariate, or is there another way to examine this question?

Thanks in advance for any advice/guidance here!

I am interested in simulating a soccer match using the SAFT90 protocol. While reading the papers that have used it, I understood that an audio track is required. Can anyone address me to where I can find it? 

Thanks in advance,

Under COVID-19, many human activities are suspended, public entertainment places are closed down. Football legends are almost fully cut off worldwide.

The targets for gambler to bet are less and less, no matter football, horse racing, boxing, bar ...

How do the psychiatric addictive gambler coping with their addiction under COVID-19?

In psychiatry, psycho therapy or behavioral modification is always used. Is COVID-19 helping these addictive gambler to run out of their obsession?

During the quarantine in my home via Coronavirus. one question makes my mind busy. Why the income of researchers in all parts of the world is much lower than artists, football players,..... Although the researcher has the most impact on the life of mankind?

I am conducting a research about understanding the impact of sports betting on football in Europe’s top 5 Leagues.

For my research I need a dataset of soccer player ratings from the english premier league. Ideally, the ratings should consist of quantitative data and subjective valuations of experts. I would need data reaching back 15 years at least.Thank you for your input :)

In general, football is a sport deportation that moves to a large market and related businesses, as well as dealing with public limited companies in football teams also with commercial societies that have several economic agents who have financial information with different interests such as partners, shareholders, investors, sponsors, suppliers, debtors, control agents, among others. In the analysis of cases of some national soccer teams, it is often the case that soccer teams are not in a good business. From there, the question arises as to what situations and conditions are profitable?

Hey guys! Looking for some statistical advice to anticipate review response.

I have done an intervention with 3 groups, 2 of which are in the intervention and 1 that is control. The 2 intervention groups are completeing sled training to potentially increase sprint performance, but they only differ with training load (heavy vs very heavy). The control group continues with normal practice (another team within the same pro soccer league that does not use systematic acceleration training).

All groups have been divided evenly so that initial sprint performance (mean + CI) is similar, therefore we are using pre sprint performance as a covariate in the ANCOVA. There is only one factor (one time point), therefore One-way.

One of my study questions is whether training with heavy sleds is better than doing nothing concrete (i.e. non systematic acceleration training). Therefore, my question is, would it be statistically appropriate to pool the heavy and very heavy sled groups to answer this question, also considering sample size is only 9 (sled 1) + 9 (sled 2) + 10 (control).

The second study question is whether heavy or very heavy worked better, where a simple independant t-test will suffice.

Opinions?

Thanks for all the help!

Hi ,

Im wondering does anyone know of any papers detailing the effects to training intensity of small sided games when the group is of mixed performance levels i.e( professional& semi professional/ amateur) or ( senior & U21/U19 for example).

Any guidance would be greatly appreciated.

Thank you for your time.

Brian

The Hitters database (DB) contains baseball data from the US professional league from the 1986 and 1987 seasons. The salary of a player is based on a number of characteristics of the player and performance in previous years. This DB is used by James et al. (*) to illustrate the topic of classification and regression using trees.

Question: Does anyone know of a similar DB with data for football players of the European or South American leagues? Could any colleague please send me the link? I would like to use it for similar work.

Thank you and regards,

L.A. Sanabria

(*) James, G., Witten, D., Hastie, T., and Tibshirani, R. (2013) An Introduction to Statistical Learning with applications in R. Springer-Verlag, New York

Suggestions for SROI model (Social Return on Investment) are welcome. Main focus in soccer/football but othet team sports are acceptable:

- methods;

- papers;

- open discussions.

Thanks in advance!

I am writing a paper regarding team training in football (soccer) and the need for an individualized approach in regards to the physical profiles of the team's players.

Therefore match-day physical performance is essential - e.g. to see several key metrics, including total distance run, number of sprints, and top speed.

I have been told that this data is owned by the leagues but I still would like to know if it is somehow possible to access the physical data?

hello guys

currently i am doing study on effect of fatigue on muscle strength after FIFA 11+ among soccer players. So I take the pre and post data after fatigue simulation then the participants go to intervention FIFA 11+ for 8 weeks then they come back to reassess(pre and post after fatigue simulation). Is it possible to me the analysis the effectiveness of intervention by using the repeated measure ANOVA using of mean different?

I am confused whether to use a paired sample t-test or unpaired sample t-test. Basically I am measuring the emotional response of 60 people(32 football fans and 28 non-football fans) who watch a viral video and a separate non-viral video.

I am currently researching the inflation of the football (soccer) transfer market in an economical stand-point. however, I am struggling to find information and data through a 10 year time period of inflation though the transfer market. Is there any articles or data collection websites that I could explore?

Hello everyone, I plan to do an EEG study and have to collect at least 40 stimuli (object) of AUT. So anyone who can recommend some references, or some one (who can have the AUT), or tell me where I can access the full version of the newly version of AUT? In addition, I have two questions:

1, If I can get help from outside and have obtained at least 40 AUT test, Should I do something on the AUT before I can employ them onto Chinese participants (culture difference?)?

2, If I myself look for objects to create AUT, what should I pay atention to? For example, should the heterogeneity of object be noted? I believe no one would agree if i use baskectball and football to delegate two kinds of objects. In contrast, football and iphone could be considered to use in the same study.

Often, while thinking about the harsh economic situation in countries like Argentina and Brazil, I would say myself, "OMG, what would they have done without soccer!". This study is a good kickoff -- it should be carried out globally by fellow researchers. And, above all, this is a note of hope for the world.

Some reflection on the dilemma of modeless regularities....The football coach who select 10 players on the pitch of play instead of 11 already knows the outcome before meeting the opponents. Evidently, average rating of the game will definitely results in poor responses of the players.

If Michael Jackson were a soccer player, what could he have brought to soccer? Is the question answerable at all?

The soccer world championships have begun. Hence my question. There may be reasons to answer the question in the affirmative. But the practical experience can be completely different. What is your opinion?

Any useful links for literature review would be hugely appreciated!

Dear reader,

Thanks in advance for reading my question. I'm currently working on a model for analysing sprints of a position based dataset in soccer. However, there is a large error in the acceleration of players. I was wondering if anyone knows a paper addressing the maximum acceleration of soccer player so I can clear my data!

Kind regards,

Rick

Biomechanical study has an important role in the analysis of sporting performance in general and in football in particular.

what are the most important skills to study in football by adopting biomechanical analysis?

Although maturation and biological age are difficult to be captured by a battery of tests without having into account biological markers, we are interested in knowing tests that could be useful for this issue to be used in applied context (football sport cities). We know tests based on prediction of adult stature, but we are interested also in other aspects of maturation.

Although maturation and biological age are difficult to be captured by a battery of tests without having into account biological markers, we are interested in knowing tests that could be useful for this issue to be used in applied context (football sport cities). We know tests based on prediction of adult stature, but we are interested also in other aspects of maturation.

I encourage all of my students to start with Review Articles or Case reports. If they start with reviews the future Writing will become extremely easy for them. Its like playing a football game against a strong opponent when you are a new team. It improves you tremendousl.

My Thesis topic is sports complex and football stadium. I need help in case study for sports complex.

Need case reports regarding the effects of physical exercise/functional rehabilitation/aquatic exercises or On-field training on ACL injured soccer goalkeeper.

concerning specific sports fields: for example, if was a swimmer as a child, will I swim as an adult? 

How can I describe the statistical Analysis in my protocol?

My study is about the injury incidence among elite youth football players between 9 and 15 years in 7 Belgian youth academies.

Injury incidence (separately for training, match and total) will be calculated as number of injuries per 1000 players-hours [(∑ injuries ∕ ∑ exposure hours) × 1000], with 95% confidence interval (95% CI).

The aim of the study is to assess the injury incidence over 1 competitive season in elite youth soccer players from 7 academies in Belgium. Within the injury incidence, the study is going to look at:

· The differences between training, match, training and match combined (total);

· The differences between age categories;

· The differences between severity of injuries;

· The differences between game position;

· (The differences between nature of injuries).

Which tests should I use to compare groups? (Age groups, within the groups difference between competition and training, within the groups difference between the game positions, ...).

Where should I pay attention? How should I write this out for my protocol?

Thanks!

I am interested in doing a comparative study between the common football injuries in Sudan and England. I would appreciate any information on the injuries in Sudan, treatment methods and training practices.

We all know that life originated from water (liquid state) due to various exposures from sun and environment with some sort of feedback circuits.

I would like to have some discussion based on relationship between basic matters and origination of life. I think, mere presence of liquid state alone is not sufficient for origination of life. Let us assume that the entire world without solid matter (soil, stone, rock, mountain and lands) and the world is made of water (liquid state) alone. Remember there is no solid state, hence there is no ice formation. Theoretically, water (liquid state) must be in a continuous flux (with slow or violent movement, with or without specific directional flow) which depends on various forces exerted by the solar system (mainly sun). Hence, liquid state alone is not sufficient for life origin.

So far no evidence for origination of life in a gaseous state. But, it is widely considered that gaseous state provided some building blocks that required for life formation. Hence, we can easily conclude that gaseous state is not sufficient for life origin.

I consider that the possibility for new life origination is mainly associated with stagnant water or water that flow in specific orientation with the aid of solid matter. In simple words, liquid state with the aid of solid state. Hence, the origin of life cannot be beyond the point of co-existence of solid and liquid matters. Then, it can be conclude that solid matters bridges the gap between gaseous and liquid matters.

For instance, we have football and players but what is the point of having a team without a ground to play. Likewise, what is the point to have gaseous and liquid state without solid matter. Can we consider that solid matter is the key for origin and evolution of life?

Recently a young algerian soccer Player (15 yrs; 181cm, 70Kg) presented with the following ECG changes he had developed over the past three years (see PDF file EKGtg). Note preterminal T to T-Inversion alongside with elevated j-point at times (fragmenting).

There's no history of fainting or diziness during exercise or stress, no pectangina, no shortness of breath, no palpiation during rest, no tachycardia during rest, nor family history of sudden cardiac death.

During exercise testing ECG seemingly develops worsening of ST-segment depression (at times descending) with what seems to be normal T configuration in the leads II, III, aVF, V4-V6, only to normalize post exercise and then 4 minutes after testing change to the state as seen in ECG during rest.

Echocardiography was conducted showing normal configuration especially of RV with normal excursion, RVOT was 17mm showing no gradient, no pouches, no aneurysms, no valvular anormalities, no diastolic dysfunction (see attached file)

3-lead 24-h-holter was conducted showing SR with normal heartrate variation, no supra- or ventricular tachycardia, rarely ectopic beats (5 ES, 10 VES and 82 SVES), no blocks, no afib.

Cardiac MRI was conducted showing no major ARVD criterion (see attached files).

In general we think this is a rare documentation of development of ARVD with starting LV participation in the ECG prior to visible correlate in MRI. We changed intervall of visit to 6 month and will conduct cardiac MRI on a 12 month basis. After thorough discussion we did approve to FIFA licensing.

I would like to hear your opinion, thoughts, hints on this case.

I have worked with soccer and hockey players .

Need to apply life-cycle asset management approaches to enhance sports engineering. Like infrastructure, the human body has an 80-year+ life-span - which is why we go to the dentist and have regular check-ups. Preventive maintenance, proservation techniques, life-cycle value engineering can all play into the sports engineering field. Sports engineering has the $$$ incentive to produce great results in longevity of life spans. Look how the results of war have contributed to human reconstruction. Sports madicen can also benefit from sports engineering - consider the extension to robotics.

i need a study related to soccers impact of society like about holligans or gambling development

Does anybody know how I could collect data of football clubs in Greece (profitability, e.t.c.) ? Except balance sheets which only few of them have been published. What other courses could be helpful on that goal?

Eccentric exercise training is widely known to initiate muscular hypertrophy and consequent eccentric strength gains. Moreover a number of recent studies have demonstrated that eccentric cycling training can cause significant hypertrophy in the active muscle. On the other hand, functionally, this exercise is not context related (regarding football motor behaviour) and is plausible to assume that it could change the peak torque angle.