Food Security - Science topic

Provides assurance to food production..........

Hi Ranjan,

Yes! Absolutely. Follow the instruction as presented by the call for papers and submit your 200 words abstract first. Thank you for your interest in this project.

take it this easy way: CO2 increment + Population growth + Commercial interssts + Govenments plans apsence= Losts of Souls

Mohammad Mominul Hoque

While crop diversification offers numerous benefits such as enhanced food security, improved resilience to climate change, and soil rejuvenation, it can also present challenges. These include potential increased costs and complexity in farming operations, a need for more knowledge and skills among farmers, and possible market and policy constraints that favor monocultures. However, with proper management and support, these challenges can often be mitigated, allowing the overall benefits to outweigh the drawbacks.

There are many researches and articles about education and training by gamification models and gamified applications but in agricultural employee training this is a rare subject, there is many applications and websites about water use like smart H2O but I didn't find similar application in sustainable agriculture and food security systematic model, now my M.Sc. thesis is about Develop an approach to enhance food security and I would be so grateful to have your comments about my research.

Thank you for your response

The aims and objectives of food security and sustainable farming are interconnected and focus on ensuring access to safe, nutritious, and sufficient food for present and future generations while promoting environmental sustainability. Here are the key aims and objectives of both food security and sustainable farming:

**Food Security:**

1. **Ensure Access to Nutritious Food**: The primary aim of food security is to guarantee that all individuals have physical, social, and economic access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life.

2. **Eradicate Hunger and Malnutrition**: Food security aims to eliminate hunger, malnutrition, and food insecurity in all its forms, including undernourishment, micronutrient deficiencies, and obesity.

3. **Promote Food Safety and Quality**: Ensuring that the food supply is safe, of good quality, and free from contaminants or harmful substances is a key objective of food security efforts.

4. **Enhance Food Production and Distribution**: Increasing agricultural productivity, improving food distribution systems, reducing food waste, and enhancing market access for small-scale farmers are crucial objectives to achieve food security.

5. **Build Resilience to Food Crises**: Developing systems and strategies to cope with and recover from food crises, such as natural disasters, conflicts, or economic shocks, is essential to ensure food security for vulnerable populations.

**Sustainable Farming:**

1. **Promote Environmental Conservation**: Sustainable farming aims to minimize the negative impact of agricultural practices on the environment by conserving natural resources, reducing pollution, and preserving biodiversity.

2. **Enhance Soil Health and Fertility**: Sustainable farming practices focus on improving soil health, fertility, and structure through methods such as crop rotation, cover cropping, and organic farming techniques.

3. **Conserve Water Resources**: Efficient water management, water conservation practices, and sustainable irrigation techniques are integral to sustainable farming to ensure the long-term availability of water resources.

4. **Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions**: Sustainable farming aims to mitigate climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural activities, promoting carbon sequestration in soils, and adopting climate-smart agriculture practices.

5. **Support Biodiversity and Ecosystem Health**: Sustainable farming seeks to preserve biodiversity, protect natural habitats, and enhance ecosystem services by incorporating agroecological principles and wildlife-friendly farming practices.

Dear Faruque,

Thanks for your response. could you be kind enough to elaborate your response, please

Faysal Mohammed Bakaal

you use "healthy" in the definitions but it is considered a step further.

The basic definition should be the following:

Food safety is the process of making food safe for consumption.

Food security is the process of making food available and accessible to people.

Dear, Dr.Mohamed Francis Musa. This is an interesting question.

In the current global competition economy, most of the developing countries are associated with risk due to decision-making in conditions of uncertainty.

Therefore, the role of microcredit can increase the decision-making and selection conditions towards sustainability in farmers and reduce obstacles and risks. In such a situation, small farmers move towards food security with less risk by accepting process credit. Therefore, it can be concluded that the role of credits in the mentioned process can be effective in the food security of smallholder farmers by applying resource management.

Hello Ebenezer Kwasi Ofori

Here are key data requirements for such assessments:

I believe by integrating these data sources; you can better understand the complex interactions between climate change, agriculture, and food security for ur aspired research.

Chapter 5 : Food Security — Special Report on Climate Change and Land (ipcc.ch)

IPCC AR5: Key findings on implications for agriculture | UNFCCC

Agriculture, food security and climate change: Outlook for knowledge, tools and action (ilri.org)

Climate Change Impacts on Agriculture and Food Supply | US EPA

Best Regards,

Ali YOUNES

"Researchers in the United States are harnessing the strengths of drought-resistant plants that can thrive on land that is becoming too dry to farm. For example, rubber dandelion (Taraxacum kok-saghyz) could provide a source of domestic rubber for tyres and protective gloves, and sorghum (Poaceae) could be used as animal feed instead of corn and soybeans. But plant scientists face an uphill battle against heavily subsidized megacrops that dominate US agriculture..."

To

All ResearchGate Members who are interacting on this Question:

#🌎🌎🌍🌍🌏🌏#

We had never before the following:

*Highly informed global society due to information technology,

*Importance to knowledge sharing, *Interdependency requirement of all,

*Importance to cooperation at all levels.

Please remember “Mother Earth” has given enough to satisfy everyone's need, but not everyone's greed.

Let us believe, we have one life hence contribute towards humanity and develop a new concept “One Earth and One Family”.

Wish you all a happy and prosperous New Year.

🙏🙏

Increased investment in agricultural desalination should be done with caution, taking into account context-specific problems and opportunities. It may be a helpful solution in certain locations, particularly where water shortage is acute, but it should be part of a larger strategy that incorporates sustainable water management practices and takes environmental, economic, and social aspects into account.

Other adverse effects include an increase in the frequency and intensity of tropical cyclones, for instance, Cyclone Idai and Kenneth which devastated Mozambique, Malawi, Zambia and Madagascar. Duration and intensity of heat waves are also on the increase all over Africa, especially in the Sahel region.

QUESTÕES GÇOBAIS:

- LIXO PLÁSTICO

- NANOPARTÍCULAS DE PLÁSTICO NO AR

- LIXO RADIATIVO

- INTELIGÊNCIA DE MÁQUINAS DESEMPREGANDO PESSOAS

- SUPERPOPULAÇÃO

- MULDERES NO PODER AGINDO COMO OS PIORES MACHISTAS DE HOJE

No trade offs in food security, in fact the tree planting that India and 24 countries have started with the "Middle East Green Initiative" will actually increase the amount of farmlands, that can be created when replanting arid areas that formerly had grassland-savannah like the THAR desert.

A more important impact of the tree planting, will be the increase of rainfall, especially if the local "rain trees" are replanted that create the "Cloud forests" where rainclouds are formed from the Pseudomonas bacteria living on the host plant leaves. Read https://www.discovermagazine.com/planet-earth/does-rain-come-from-life-in-the-clouds

India is about to start replanting millions to billions of trees, to sequester carbon, according to what was said at the COP27 meeting a year ago by your Minister of the Environment, Forest and Climate Change.

That is a very important issue that scientists in India need to discover, which are India's "rain trees", so more can be planted to help extend the monsoonal moisture during the rainy season further east.

India has the perfect Cloud forests to study, in the Western Ghats, which produce new rain clouds all of the time, but they are wasted as they fly westward over water--instead need to be planted on the eastern side of the Thar to produce rain clouds to rain on that region and regreen it again.

You can read my 2002 proposal at https://www.ecoseeds.com/cool.html which the Saudi government adopted in 2010 to set aside 200 million hectares as Ecological Restoration Preserves, and they are started to replant at the rate of one million trees per week, until 10 billion are planted.

Dear Dr. Suneel Kumar

Dear Dr. Suneel Kumar

Dear, Dr, Himanshu Tiwari

What the historical trend of agricultural soils in the world taught us, soil without organic matter and organic carbon cannot be productive for us in the field of agricultural production. Because agricultural soils show synergy with natural components and make stability possible in the rhizosphere environment. In this regard, pay attention to the following two important articles.

You are not right. Russian products are predominantly wheat products. Most of the territory of the Russian Federation is a zone of risky farming and vegetables grow poorly in open ground. Wheat products are very high in calories. More than meat products.

Thanks so much dear Professor Bouayad.

Gaurav H Tandon

Hashem Aram

How can you contain or extract heavy metal pollution in soils and water?

Is biochar efficient?

Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to play a significant role in addressing various global challenges, including issues related to international relations, food security, and the environment. However, it is essential to understand that AI is a tool and not a replacement for comprehensive theories or human decision-making in these complex areas. Let's explore how AI can contribute to these fields:

Despite the potential benefits, AI also poses some challenges and limitations in these domains:

In conclusion, AI can complement and enhance the efforts of policymakers and researchers in addressing global challenges like food security and environmental sustainability. However, it cannot replace the comprehensive theories or human expertise required to navigate the intricacies of international relations and devise holistic solutions to complex problems. A multidisciplinary approach that combines AI's capabilities with human insights and values is likely to yield the most promising results.

Regenerate response

@all Yes, it is possible to merge the fishing terminal and aquaculture business to enhance seafood supply logistics and improve food security in Sarawak and Malaysia. Integrating these two aspects of the seafood industry can bring several benefits:

To implement this merger effectively, it would require careful planning, coordination between different stakeholders, and adherence to sustainable practices. It is essential to address potential challenges such as environmental impacts, water quality management, disease control, and ensuring that traditional fishing practices remain sustainable and culturally relevant.

Government agencies, local communities, seafood industry players, and research institutions can work together to develop a comprehensive strategy for integrating fishing terminals and aquaculture in a way that maximizes benefits while minimizing potential negative impacts on the marine environment and coastal communities.

Dear, Camilo Torres Sanchez

Your decision on the subject of two very important components in biodiversity in the environment (backyards/quintal ) is very interesting and useful!! Therefore, I will assist you in this important and purposeful endeavor.

To promote millet-based integrated farming, governments must invest in R&D, provide incentives and capacity building for farmers, develop market linkages, and formulate supportive policies. Collaboration and data collection are crucial. These efforts enhance food security, improve livelihoods, and promote sustainable agriculture.

well said. we need government interventions as safety nets for farmers. investing in technologies that enhance resilience and resistance should be be emphasized.

The negative effects of climate change on food security are manifold. Firstly, changes in precipitation patterns and extreme weather events such as droughts and floods can lead to reduced crop yields and livestock productivity, resulting in food scarcity and higher prices. Rising temperatures also affect the growth and development of crops, leading to reduced nutritional value and lower crop quality. Additionally, climate change disrupts ecosystems, impacting pollinators and natural pest control, which further compromises agricultural productivity. Finally, climate-induced changes in sea levels and ocean acidification pose threats to coastal communities, their livelihoods, and access to seafood resources.

Venkatanagasai Raju Alluri Sukardi Sukardi

I encourage you to read the following article:

Yes, I am agree with your statement..

CSA can help achieve several SDGs simultaneously, including SDG 1 (No Poverty), SDG 2 (Zero Hunger), SDG 13 (Climate Action), and others. By promoting sustainable and climate-resilient agricultural practices, we can help build a more equitable, sustainable, and resilient world for all. CSA can help small-scale farmers increase their productivity, diversify their income sources, and improve their resilience to climate shocks. By providing farmers with access to better technologies, information, and financial services, climate-smart agriculture can help lift them out of poverty and reduce inequality. It increases food production and improves food quality and nutrition. By promoting sustainable land management practices, improving soil health, and reducing post-harvest losses, climate-smart agriculture can help ensure that people have access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food. Climate-smart agriculture can reduce greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture and promote carbon sequestration in soil and vegetation

There are many recent applications of AI in building predictive and preventive modeling tools in the field of agriculture and environmental studies. Here are some examples:

Overall, AI has the potential to revolutionize the agriculture and environmental sectors by providing more accurate and timely information to farmers and policymakers, enabling them to make better decisions that benefit both the environment and human well-being.

The use of genetic engineering and biotechnology in agriculture has the potential to significantly impact crop production and food security. Some of the potential benefits of genetic engineering and biotechnology include:

However, the use of genetic engineering and biotechnology in agriculture is not without its controversies and potential risks. Some concerns include:

Overall, the use of genetic engineering and biotechnology in agriculture has the potential to significantly impact crop production and food security. However, it is important to carefully evaluate and manage the potential risks and benefits associated with these technologies to ensure that they are used in a responsible and sustainable manner.

Dear Himanshu Tiwari ,

Proso millet is a drought-tolerant, short-season grain crop produced in various parts of the world for food and feed. Here are several agroecological practises that can help Proso millet agriculture be more sustainable and resilient: Crop rotation is a key strategy for improving soil fertility and reducing pests and illnesses. Rotating proso millet with leguminous crops like cowpea or pigeon pea can help fix nitrogen in the soil and promote soil health. Intercropping: Intercropping Proso millet with other crops can boost agroecosystem production and resilience. Intercropping Proso Millet with legumes or vegetables such as cowpea, chickpea, or okra, for example, can supply additional nutrients while also protecting against pests and illnesses.

Water management practises such as rainwater collecting and drip irrigation can increase Proso millet cultivation's tolerance to drought and unpredictable rainfall. Rainwater gathering techniques, such as contour farming or micro-catchments, and drip irrigation systems, which may offer precise and efficient water distribution to the crop, can be used to cultivate proso millet. Overall, these agroecological practises can improve Proso millet cultivation's sustainability and resilience by improving soil health, enhancing biodiversity, minimising pests and illnesses, and saving water and other natural resources.

Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) is an approach that seeks to promote sustainable agricultural practices while addressing climate change challenges, such as increasing temperatures, erratic rainfall patterns, and soil degradation. However, there can be trade-offs between CSA and food security, particularly in the short term. Some of the potential trade-offs are:

Reduced yields: The adoption of CSA practices such as crop diversification, intercropping, and agroforestry can lead to lower yields in the short term, which could potentially impact food security.

Increased costs: CSA practices often require additional resources such as inputs, labor, and equipment, which can increase production costs for farmers. This may limit the adoption of these practices, especially for small-scale farmers who have limited resources.

Changes in cropping patterns: Shifting cropping patterns from traditional crops to climate-resilient crops can impact food security, especially if the new crops are not widely accepted by consumers.

To minimize these trade-offs, several approaches can be taken:

Building resilience: CSA practices that enhance soil health, water retention, and nutrient cycling can build resilience to climate change, leading to more stable and reliable crop yields over the long term.

Improving access to resources: Providing farmers with access to resources such as seeds, tools, and training can help them adopt CSA practices without significantly increasing their production costs.

Promoting market access: Promoting market access for climate-resilient crops can encourage farmers to shift to these crops while also ensuring that consumers have access to a diverse range of nutritious foods.

Addressing policy barriers: Policy barriers such as subsidies that favor traditional crops can hinder the adoption of CSA practices. Addressing these barriers can help create an enabling environment for the adoption of CSA practices.

Engaging stakeholders: Engaging with stakeholders such as farmers, consumers, and policymakers can help identify and address potential trade-offs between CSA and food security, leading to more effective and sustainable solutions.

Finger millets have a number of environmental benefits that make them a valuable crop for sustainable agriculture. They are drought-tolerant and can be grown in marginal lands with poor soil quality, which makes them a good option for farmers in regions where water and soil resources are limited. Finger millets also have a low carbon footprint and require fewer inputs like water and fertilizer than other cereal crops. In addition, they can be an important source of nutrition for vulnerable populations, particularly in regions where food security is a major concern.

you may include the other realted of parameters that have a main purpose for the urban agriculture in different measures .

If the country promotes the domestic farming system and they are not really to imports so defenitly No

Until the Authorities in Zimbabwe accepts and embrace the reality that both the Shona speaking people and the Ndebele speaking have equal entitlement to the citizenship of their country, the challenge of poor and bad governance will continue unabated. The current leadership ought to govern diligently and strive for absolute equity. It is time that the current leadership introspect and do away with politicking, since this tends to create Party Reinforced Personality Thoughts and thus start delivering to the people what people need. The current leadership must pay special attention to Good Governance, which is about outcomes and not people and their greed.

To apply floowing parameters

Time limit, components of foods, Income stability, age group of serving food, awareness of food staffing, calculate BMI. Analysis BMI Per day, percapita consuption

Breed plays a very important role in livestock productivity because genetics determines which species grow faster. Genetics improvement alone not improve production without FEED, HEALTH and ENVIRONMENT

You are correct, visual sorting gets increasingly difficult as the particle size gets smaller. The sizes of MPs that you are able to pick out of your sample first comes down to what you can see, and that is often dependent upon the magnification abilities of your microscope. And there can be a fair amount of error associated with that as MPs often look like other things (e.g., diatoms). Adding additional techniques before visualization can help a lot.

First is the digestion of the tissue. I have tried both KOH and H2O2 + heat on fish tissues and found them both to be effective. I typically use H2O2 at 65C for a few of hours with periodic agitation, depending on the size of the tissue sample. Karami et al. (2017) has a nice paper on different types of digestions. Next is separation from the surrounding media. If you are interested in separating by polymer type, then you can consider a density separation. Li et al. (2018) provides a good method. Just know that some of the chemicals used can be a little difficult to handle and particle size can impact buoyancy. The latter might be solvable by adding centrifugation (see Nguyen et al. 2019). You mention filtration, and I would say that is the most common method. There is some discussion about how to best filter samples to get the most MPs while avoiding contamination. While not the only one, Cai et al. (2020) addressed that subject recently. Personally, I think that filters are a good way to go if your MPs are large enough to be caught by it. You should consider passing the digestate and subsequent filtrates through multiple filters with smaller and small pore sizes so that you you don’t clog filter pores and when you get to the smallest particles large bits aren’t obscuring the view of smaller particles. Nanoplastics are still a big problem. The Nguyen et al. (2019) study says that their technique is able to separate those too, but I haven’t tried it yet. Its generally agreed upon (as of now) that there is no one good method to separate out the really small nanoplastics. And if you think you have a separation method, once they get that small, the only way to verify if you got any is by using an electron microscope (maybe uFTIR…very much maybe). That’s one of the reasons most people purchase fluorescent NPs to use in their exposure experiments. Next is the Nile red staining that you mentioned (I’m assuming you are using protocols from Maes et al. 2017 and Shim et al. 2016?). I certainly see this as one of the more commonly used methods to differentiate MPs from their background. And, if your microscope has enough resolution, you should be able to see particles <500um. Considering that you are using shrimp tissue, you should determine if you will get autofluorescence within the same wavelengths as the stain. I also recommend reading Meyers et al. (2022); they have some interesting ideas about using Nile red that I look forward to trying. Stanton et al. (2019) proposes the use of DAPI as a costain gives better results. And as the previous responder mentioned, FTIR has the final say in whether something is a plastic or not, and what kind it is. If it is possible for you to do on at least a subsample of what you separate from your sample, then it will make your study stronger. Regarding tissue type, I think that has more to do with your question. When dealing with aquatic organisms, exposure route should be carefully considered as it can be inhalation, dermal, and/or ingestion. Particle size typically determines if an how a particle can translocate through the body, and not all tissue types are equally permeable. The muscle seems like generic sort of tissue to look at, not in a bad way though. Would it be possible to collect hemolymph?

I’m not sure how much I helped to solve your problem, but I hope I at least gave you a few more directions to look in.

Good luck!

- Melissa

Cai, H., et al. (2020) Microplastic quantification affected by structure and pore size of filters. Chemosphere 257, 127198. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127198

Nguyen, B., Claveau-Mallet, D., Hernandez, L. M., Xu, E. G., Farner, J. M., & Tufenkji, N. (2019). Separation and analysis of microplastics and nanoplastics in complex environmental samples. Accounts of chemical research, 52(4), 858-866. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00602

Karami, A., et al, (2017) A high-performance protocol for extraction of microplastics in fish. Science of the Total Environment 578, 485-494. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.213

Stanton, T., et al. (2019). Exploring the efficacy of Nile red in microplastic quantification: a costaining approach. Environmental Science & Technology Letters, 6(10), 606-611. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.9b00499

Meyers, N., et al, (2022). Microplastic detection and identification by Nile red staining: Towards a semi-automated, cost-and time-effective technique. Science of the Total Environment, 823, 153441. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153441

Li, L., et al., (2018). A straightforward method for measuring the range of apparent density of microplastics. Science of The Total Environment 639, 367-373. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.166

Maes, T., et al. (2017) A rapid-screening approach to detect and quantify microplastics based on fluorescent tagging with Nile Red. Scientific Reports 7, Article number: 44501. http://doi.org/10.1038/srep44501

Shim, W.J., et al. (2016) Identification and quantification of microplastics using Nile Red staining. Marine Pollution Bulletin 113, 469-476. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.10.049

Jiri Jaromir Klemeš lets catch up online on email or WhatsApp you can use the above details.

Q1 Journals cannot have that short publication periods. They do real review. Thank you

The best way is to use canonical ordination, such as PCA :)

Dear @Takele Taye Desta

A local land race is a heterogeneous mixture of genotypes having mutually beneficial associations with each other and with immediate environmental conditions. Such lines synergistically co-operate with, yet compete against each other. Thus local land races are locally adapted lines. When sown in association with present day improved cultivars, they show better competitive ability as well as climate resilience. They are also sources of many useful genes including disease resistance and quality attributes. Therefore, it is imperative to maintain them as genetic resources, and utilize them as donors to improve the present day cultivars.

Visit also the following useful RG link:

The tech-know-logical impact of exponential knowledge automation (e.g. automation of cartography) on geography as a scientific discipline is very strong, but the physical realties of geography do not change.

Except: The Geography of Space Exploration: Space 5.0;it is even possible that fundamental concepts of geography have to be reinvented, e.g. the concept of space is one of the most fundamental of geographical concepts.

Dear Prof Jamel Chahed

Appreciated you, for Very vital and interesting discussion, as far as the all evidences have showed that climate change would have adverse impact on world water resources and food production!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Small scale Permaculture needs no petrol. Hand tools, perrenial cultivars nitrogen fixators all reduce needs for petrol. Thus lowering co2 and pollution. It can supply Local neibourgs thus eliminating transportation and lowering refrigaration needs from harvest to consommation.

I have designed a sustainable forest farm in Permaculture, including cultivated vegs and mushrooms, and live off grid.

Covid has not affected me too mush, since 80% of my food are from my farm.

Tourism has doubled last year.

I believe that my way of life is in line with drawdown project.

I Hope you find your way

Long life <3

Also check please the following useful link: https://api.taylorfrancis.com/content/chapters/edit/download?identifierName=doi&identifierValue=10.4324/9781003044802-38&type=chapterpdf

It is an interplay of multiple factors.