Flora - Science topic

Biodiversity is a widely used term in both public and scientific spheres. Could you explain what is biodiversity for you, specifying your field of research? I would like to understand the different interpretations of the term depending on the discipline.

Thank you in advance

Please help me identify this Potentilla species that grows in Saudi Arabia...I checked the flora of Saudi Arabia and I found only one species of which is Potentilla dentata (P. hispanica

I have read an article before, but I can't find it. It was published in a very powerful journal, about the screening of fecal microbiota transplantation. After several experiments, I kept removing the useless bacteria, and first got a flora of about 38 bacteria

I am looking for an expert on the flora of central and southern Italy and Sicily. I am offering co-authorship of a monograph on a historic herbarium kept in Poland. We have 300 high resolution scans. We've identified more than half of the specimens (vascular plants). It is necessary to identify the rest and verify our identifications. This is a 17-18th-century herbarium. The publication will cover history, conservation and flora. If you can participate or suggest a specialist, please reply in a private message via RG.

I tried adding the following lines to the .ini file in order to test loRaNode mobility after installing both FloRA and inet. But it remains still during the simulation.

**.loRaNodes[0].mobility.typename = "LinearMobility" **.loRaNodes[0].mobility.speed = 10mps

Due to the negative impact of human civilization on the planet's biosphere and climate, the sixth great extinction of many species of flora and fauna is currently taking place on planet Earth. The result is a rapidly progressive decline in the biodiversity of the planet's natural ecosystems. The aim is to halt or at least significantly slow down the progressive climate change, i.e. caused by increasing greenhouse gas emissions of the increasingly rapid global warming process. Many species of flora and fauna have already become extinct, many are on the verge of extinction due to a sharp decline in the number of individuals of the species. Some animal species are already found exclusively or almost exclusively in zoos. Few animal species have managed to be reconstructed on the basis of deliberate cross-breeding of species and varieties of closely related species. In order to increase the scale of the possibility of reproducing extinct species in the future, gene banks are being created, in which the genomes of specific species of flora and fauna are stored, including, above all, species threatened with extinction in the near future. Over the past few decades, insect populations, including pollinators, have declined by tens of percent in many parts of the world. The continuation of these processes, in addition to the rapidly advancing process of decline in biodiversity, the impoverishment of the planet's biosphere, will cause a rapidly advancing process of decline in the production of agricultural crops under the intensive, unsustainable and productive model of human farming. In countries occurring in the tropics, natural tropical rainforests continue to be cut down only to create new areas of arable land for the creation of arable fields where crops are grown to feed livestock generating high methane emissions. In addition, the new arable land created in this way is quickly eroded and the restoration of forest ecosystems back in these areas is also hindered for this reason. Coral reefs in the seas and oceans are also dying out, and the populations of marine fish and other animal species living in the seas and oceans are rapidly declining. Key factors in the still large-scale great sixth extinction of species of flora and fauna include continued deforestation, the cutting down of natural forest ecosystems to increase cultivated areas, the degradation of natural ecosystems caused by industrial development, continued high levels of environmental pollution, continued rising greenhouse gas emissions generating a progressive global warming process, etc. In view of the above, unsustainable intensive economy is causing a rapidly progressive decline in the biodiversity of the planet's natural ecosystems, and attempts are being made to counteract this. In order to slow down the progressive process of global warming, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, reduce the level of environmental pollution and devastation of natural ecosystems, reduce the scale of extinction of species of flora and fauna, slow down the process of decline in the biodiversity of natural ecosystems, it is necessary to urgently accelerate the processes of carrying out pro-environmental transformation of the economy in order to efficiently build a sustainable, green, zero-carbon zero-growth and closed-cycle economy. In the process of building a sustainable, green, zero-carbon zero-growth economy and a closed loop economy, new ICT information technologies and Industry 4.0/5.0 can help, including generative artificial intelligence technologies and multi-criteria processing of large data sets as part of ongoing research and analytical processes using Big Data Analytics. New technologies can help increase the efficiency and accelerate the process of a sustainable, green, zero-carbon, zero-growth and closed-loop economy and thus help protect the climate, biosphere and biodiversity of the planet's natural ecosystems. As part of the application of new Industry 4.0/5.0 technologies, including generative artificial intelligence and Big Data Analytics, it is possible to increase the efficiency of research conducted with the goal of reconstructing the genomes of extinct species of flora and/or fauna. In this regard, perhaps artificial intelligence combined with Big Data Analytics can help reconstruct the genomes of various species of flora and/or fauna that have recently become extinct due to humans and thus restore the former biodiversity of the planet's natural ecosystems.

I am conducting research in the issue of key determinants of the legitimacy of urgently carrying out a green transformation of the economy in order to build a sustainable, green circular economy. I have included the conclusions of my research in the following article:

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PRINCIPLES OF SUSTAINABLE ECONOMY DEVELOPMENT AS A KEY ELEMENT OF THE PRO-ECOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATION OF THE ECONOMY TOWARDS GREEN ECONOMY AND CIRCULAR ECONOMY

I described the key issues of opportunities and threats to the development of artificial intelligence technology in my article below:

OPPORTUNITIES AND THREATS TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE APPLICATIONS AND THE NEED FOR NORMATIVE REGULATION OF THIS DEVELOPMENT

I described the applications of Big Data technologies in sentiment analysis, business analytics and risk management in my co-authored article:

APPLICATION OF DATA BASE SYSTEMS BIG DATA AND BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE SOFTWARE IN INTEGRATED RISK MANAGEMENT IN ORGANIZATION

In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:

What do you think about this topic?

What is your opinion on this issue?

Please answer,

I invite everyone to join the discussion,

Thank you very much,

Best wishes,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

In the country where I operate usually before local elections in many cities, local government officials, as part of their election campaigns, recall the residents of the municipality, analyze the needs and demands raised by residents, local activists and local independent media. What they consider to be more frequent in the aforementioned demands they choose as banners for the ongoing election campaign, put on advertising banners, in promotional videos aired in various media, and, in the form of articles, place in controlled local government magazines or published by NGOs and associations specially established for the elections. Recently, before the local elections, a rapturous number of local government officials are now talking about the need to create urban pocket parks, while just a few years ago the so-called concretosis was developed on a large scale in many cities. Of course, it's a good trend that in many cities local government officials have finally now noticed the demands that have been made for years by many residents and by researchers that have been made for at least a dozen years. In a situation where, due to previously improper land use, incorrectly implemented zoning plans in many cities in the past, green areas have been eliminated in order to create a concrete plaza or widen the asphalt surfaces of parking lots, sidewalks and so on. green areas in many cities have been significantly reduced and in some cities have been completely eliminated altogether, and as a result, the quality of life in cities has deteriorated significantly in many respects, and there is no possibility of creating large urban parks, then the creation of urban pocket parks although to a small extent, but nevertheless will help urban residents by improving the conditions of existence, living, functioning, etc. in a certain urban agglomeration. Even through the establishment of urban pocket parks, the number of trees, shrubs, flower meadows and lawns in cities can be significantly increased, which will translate into a decrease in the temperature near them during the summer heat. In addition, the humidity of the air will also increase, which is also important during the summer heat. Placing benches in the areas of urban pocket parks will also increase the number of places where residents can relax. Near the creation of urban pocket parks, children's playgrounds and physical exercise facilities, so-called gyms and outdoor climbing walls can be established, thanks to which the number of places for recuperation and active rest from the urban hustle and bustle and after work offered to residents will increase. Established flower meadows will help protect pollinating insects, whose numbers of individuals in populations of bees and other pollinating insects have been declining rapidly over the past few decades. For this purpose, it is worth putting up houses for insects but also for birds in urban pocket parks and other parks being created. In larger urban parks it is also worth creating water reservoirs, ponds which can also significantly improve the natural qualities of the park, can increase the biodiversity of flora and fauna found in the park and improve the issue of microclimate and also increase the natural, aesthetic, etc. attractiveness of a specific park from the point of view of residents. In view of the above, the creation of urban pocket parks also fits perfectly into the realization of the pro-environmental, pro-climate and pro-social goals of sustainable development, can be an important part of the green transformation of the economy, and can be an important element of urban development in accordance with the concept of sustainable, green, smart cities.

Key aspects of the negative effects of the ongoing process of global warming and the associated necessary acceleration of the processes of green transformation of the economy in order to decarbonize the economy, slow down the process of global warming, protect the climate, biosphere and biodiversity of the planet's natural ecosystems I described in the article:

In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:

What do you think about this topic?

What is your opinion on this issue?

Please answer,

I invite everyone to join the discussion,

Thank you very much,

Best regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Submit your abstract for the Symposium organised by Ivana Rešetnik and me at the XX International Botanical Congress in Madrid (21-27 July 2024)!

The deadline for abstract submission is November, 30 for oral presentations and February 1, 2024, for posters.

Here you can find the submission guidelines: https://ibcmadrid2024.com/index.php?seccion=scientificArea&subSeccion=abstractGuidelines

Link for abstract submission: https://ibcmadrid2024.com/index.php?seccion=scientificArea&subSeccion=abstractSubmission1

The general link to the congress: https://ibcmadrid2024.com/

Our symposium is the n. 13

Due to the rapidly increasing level of plastic waste pollution in the green transformation of the economy, plastic packaging is being replaced by packaging made from biodegradable plastic substitutes, materials of organic origin, produced from vegetable crops, or packaging made from paper, wood. Unfortunately, the production of packaging from paper and/or wood is not a pro-environmental solution either, as it generates the cutting down of trees, increases the scale of forest deforestation. On the other hand, in connection with the still increasing scale of greenhouse gas emissions, the accelerating process of global warming, the processes of forest deforestation should be replaced by the processes of aforestation of civilizationally degraded areas, post-industrial areas, areas with sterilized soil, etc. In view of the above, there is a growing need to create green technologies and material eco-innovations, where it would be possible to create and implement paper production technologies from other forms of flora, plants other than trees, e.g. from shrubs, grasses, perennials, fallen leaves, straw, waste from crop production and/or lumber waste.

In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:

And what is your opinion on this topic?

What is your opinion on this issue?

Please answer,

I invite everyone to join the discussion,

Thank you very much,

I have described the key aspects of the circular economy, including the green, sustainable economy, in my article:

Best regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

It was a common plant od arid places. It is some 30 cm in diameter and some 10 cm tall. It was collected in Larnaca.

Dear colleagues

Can anyone send samples of articles on new species (locus classicus) written about the flora of different regions?

Best wishes,

Obidjon

this is a climber type jasminum spp., grown in natural forest.

Is this Jasminum attenuatum/Jasminum coarctatum?

Thanks

Is there any indices which can help calculate endemicity of flora and fauna in an area?

The venomous Australian bird spider lives in cities in Australia and is also dangerous to humans. The venom of the Australian bird spider kills a variety of insects that feed in grasslands and agricultural fields but apart from bees. Therefore, research work is underway to create a natural, organic insecticide based on the venom of the Australian bird spider, which could be used in agricultural fields instead of chemical pesticides, which poison the environment and also kill bees. This is an excellent example of how, in an evolutionary process lasting millions of years, nature has created unique organic compounds that can solve many problems for the development of human civilisation. There are undoubtedly many species of flora, fauna, fungi and micro-organisms that are not yet fully known, which could be used in medicine and pharmacy based on natural organic compounds, in the development of herbal medicine, in the development of sustainable organic farming that does not use chemical pesticides and fertilisers, in the protection of trees in forests against pests as part of sustainable forest management, in the restoration of natural ecosystems in areas degraded by civilisation, in counteracting the progressive sterilisation of soils, etc. Such scientific discoveries, which could and probably will be realised in the future, will also be particularly helpful in the modern ecological and intelligent shaping of restored natural highly biodiverse ecosystems. Such scientific discoveries, which could and probably still will be realised in the future, will also be particularly helpful in the modern, ecological and intelligent shaping of restored natural, highly biodiverse ecosystems, restored and rehabilitated, functioning in various geo-climatic environments, geological zones, climatic zones, etc., and carried out in accordance with the principles of sustainability, the achievement of sustainable development goals and the use of the achievements of modern sustainable biotechnology and genetics. Of course, the fields of application beyond sustainable organic agriculture of not yet fully discovered, studied and described unique natural ecosystems and species of flora, fauna and fungi, the unique organic compounds produced by individual species of the biosphere, their medicinal and other properties are numerous. Above all, in the field of herbal medicine and natural medicine, there are many possibilities for the applications of not yet fully discovered, studied and described unique natural ecosystems and species of flora, fauna and fungi for the treatment of various diseases, including many diseases currently considered incurable. Probably many such opportunities to learn about not yet fully discovered, researched and described unique natural ecosystems and species of flora, fauna and fungi, to learn about the unique organic compounds produced by individual species of the biosphere, their healing and other properties have already been irretrievably lost due to the human-induced extinction of many species of flora and fauna, i.e. the ongoing and human-induced 6th great extinction of many species of life forms in the context of the more than 3 billion years of development of life on planet Earth. It is therefore essential to increase the scale of nature conservation and bio-diversity of the planet's natural ecosystems and to stop the deforestation of forests.

In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:

What is your opinion on this topic?

What is your opinion on this subject?

Please respond,

I invite you all to discuss,

Thank you very much,

The above text is entirely my own work written by me based on my research.

In writing this text I did not use other sources or automatic text generation systems such as ChatGPT.

Copyright by Dariusz Prokopowicz

Best regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Dear colleagues,

I would be very thankful if anybody could provide me a pdf of this paper?

Pant, D. D., & Nautiyal, D. D. (1960). Some seeds and sporangia of Glossopteris flora from Raniganj Coalfield, India. Palaeontographica Abteilung B, 41-64.

Regards, Natalia

Can anyone suggest any flora or books containing the key? It would be a great help.

Given the ongoing climate change, including global warming, air pollution, limited areas of urban parks and other green spaces, gardens, flower meadows established on the roofs of buildings in cities can significantly increase the areas of urban green space. When urban green areas are significantly expanded, the biodiversity of natural ecosystems in cities can also increase significantly. In addition, additional green areas can have a positive impact on the air quality of cities. Air quality is not only a question of pollution levels, but also humidity levels and summer temperatures. Additional green spaces can play an important role in the rest and recuperation of residents, which can translate into improved health for people living in the city. Additional green areas, including gardens and flower meadows, also mean more foraging areas for insects, including pollinating insects, whose numbers are rapidly declining due to the over-chemicalisation of agriculture. Besides, additional green areas in cities can increase the level of sustainability in terms of sustainable development, green building and environmentally and climatically sustainable urban agglomerations.

In view of the above, I would like to address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:

What is your opinion on this topic?

Please reply,

I invite you all to discuss,

Thank you very much,

Regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

I am writing a description of Musineon naomiensis and would like to have your most recent circumscription of the species in the genus. My email is l.shultz@usu.edu

Please, help me to figure out with the next situation: there are two alien species in the flora of a country, they are parental ones for a hybrid which was described and is known only from a few locations within this country. Could I say that this hybrid is native to this country?

During the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus pandemic in 2020, there was a recession of the economy, the level of consumption, the scale of international transport of products, international tourism, car use, fuel and energy consumption, etc. declined.

There was then an opportunity to accelerate the processes of pro-environmental transformation of the economy, including the pro-environmental transformation of the transport sector, energy, construction, etc.

Unfortunately, this opportunity was not seized. As a consequence of these omissions, the subsequent economic and energy crises will be deeper than if the necessary transformation of the energy sector, which is being implemented through the development of renewable and emission-free energy sources, had been carried out in the past.

As a result, the global warming process continues to accelerate and progress faster than even the earlier IPCC reports published a few years ago and earlier.

One of the negative consequences of the continuing process of global warming is the loss of biodiversity of natural ecosystems.

I would therefore like to ask the following question:

What do you think?

What is your opinion on the subject?

What do you think about this issue?

Please reply,

I invite you all to discuss,

Thank you very much,

Best regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

If we conduct a field survey for this purpose then which type of questions are asked from the respondent?

It is flora from the Middle Liassic of Iran that other existing fossil plants among with the material like Dictyophyllum nervolusom, Maratia intermedia, and Czekanowskia, are confirmed the Jurassic age.

Dear all,

I was wondering if alternating immersion and emergence times are essential for intertidal fauna and flora in an estuary? Several species found in the intertidal zones of the estuary are also found in the sub-tidal zone. This is of course not the case for some plants that are only found in the intertidal zone and never in the subtidal zone. So, what do you think would happen if the high tide was maintained for a whole day several times a year, or even 2 consecutive days? Are there any species that you know of that would absolutely need to alternate between immersion and emersion for at least a few hours?

I will be conducting a study that will determine which and how factors, such as biodiversity, influence urban green space quality, in relation to human psychological and physical health. In this process, biodiversity will be measured through the Simpson's Index of Biodiversity.

The initial rationale of choosing this particular index is that it calculates how diverse an area is (D). However, it would seem that this does not account for instances of biotic homogenization, or the introduction of non-native fauna and flora. Would there be other indices or measures that may quantify or at least account for biotic homogenization?

Any help would be appreciated. Thank you.

How can we test the convergence (or divergence) uses of medicinal plants when we conduct a comparative study of different medicinal flora?

I need to extract DNA from the vaginal flora of cows for metagenomic studies. Does anyone know any extraction technique?

Taxonomy (a branch of biology), for example, is a basic science discipline that primarily deals with the identification, classification, and nomenclature of plants. It also contributes to biodiversity and conservation. However, it has been largely overlooked in recent times due to the fact that it has been unable to grow broader impacts or, maybe, due to other emerging applied fields. This question is being posed to discuss the broader impacts of basic sciences in general, and taxonomy in particular.

How to utilise and manage aquatic flora?

fLoRa is library based on INIT module in omnet|++

Barnard, P.D.W., 1965. The geology of the upper Djadjerud and Lar valleys (North Iran) II. Palaeontology. Flora of the Shemshak Formation Part 1. Liassic plants from Dorud. Rivista Italiana di Paleontogia e Stratigrafia, 71 (4): 1123-1168

Barnard, P.D.W., 1967. Two new plants from the Upper Triassic of North East Afghanistan. Rivista Italiana di Paleontogia e Stratigrafia, 73 (3): 723-728.

Potoniè, R. (1933). Über einige Pflanzenreste aus dem Jura Persiens. Arb. Inst. Paläobot. Und Petrogr. Brennst., 3(1): 247-250.

Rivière, A. (1934) Contribution à l’étude géologique de l’Elbourz (Perse). Rev. Géogr. Phys. Géol. Dynam. Paris. 7(1-2): 1-190.

Sadovnikov, G., 1976. The Mesozoic flora of Alborz and central Iran and its stratigraphic importance. National Iran Steel Company of Iran, Tehran, 1-118.

Vassiliev, Y., 1984. Mesozoic plant fossils from coal areas in Iran. V. II. 97 pp. (translated into persian by Mehdian, M.H.). Atlas of the Ministry of Mine and Metal 2 (2), 47 pls. Tehran.

Is it possible to have Fungi or viruses live within or on human body that could eliminate other microbes growth and become humans normal microbial flora?

If yes, could you please name few of them.

My main interest is the fossil flora in the marine sediments of the Cretaceous (Campanian-Maastrichtian) of the Liège-Maastricht-Aachen region (Netherlands and adjacent Belgium and Germany).

Most plant fossils are impressions with a light brown, dark brown or purple colour, that sets them off nicely against the white, light yellow or beige matrix (see attachment 'Elatidopsis cryptomerioides')

Currently, I am working on a side-catch: the rostrum (cristalline cartilage, made up of hydroxyapatite) of a sawfish. Both the matrix that touches this rostrum and the infilling of the rostrum have a light brown colour. It is highly unlikely that the cristalline cartilage 'dyed' the matrix; I think the colours around this fossil and on the impressions of plants and of (dissolved) nautilid conchorhynchs are the result of the same or similar process.

So far, I have come across one article (see attachment 'Myrow_Color') from 1978 that does shed some light on how these colours might form. Now, I would like to know if there are more recent articles on this subject.

Does someone know the name of this plant? It is responsible for more cases of poisoning in Morocco

Animals in urban areas interact with all plants that are growing outdoors, irrespective of their status as native or alien, spontaneous or cultivated, i.e. the 'total flora'. Plant ecologists, however, tend to keep these categories separate. Chong et al. (attached) compiled a total flora for the city state of Singapore, but this is unusual because Singapore still has protected remnants of hyperdiverse tropical rainforest. In older cities, particularly in the temperate zone, cultivated plants dominate the biomass and the biodiversity, and the spontaneous flora has a large alien component. I'd like to do a global comparison, but I am finding it difficult to find examples. For many cities, a total flora list could be assembled from existing, separate lists for the different categories, but these tend to cover different areas and/or different dates, so I am hoping for total flora lists that have already been assembled by local experts.

Global warming affects many processes in biological ecosystems.

Different species of flora and fauna change their habitats and geographical areas according to climate change and specific geographical environments.

Areas of occurrence of specific species, for example insects in terrestrial areas and fish and arthropods in the seas and oceans, change.

For example bird habitats change, so migrations of some bird species may also be subject to modification. In the situation when forest areas dry out and turn into steppes and deserts, changes in natural habitats and areas of occurrence of species change and concern simultaneously many species of flora and fauna.

Do you agree with me on the above matter?

In the context of the above issues, I am asking you the following question:

Please reply

I invite you to the discussion

Thank you very much

I am conducting research on this issue. I have included the conclusions of my research in the following article:

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PRINCIPLES OF SUSTAINABLE ECONOMY DEVELOPMENT AS A KEY ELEMENT OF THE PRO-ECOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATION OF THE ECONOMY TOWARDS GREEN ECONOMY AND CIRCULAR ECONOMY

Best wishes

I would like to invite you to join me in scientific cooperation,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

I request anyone who have personal experience in sample specimen collection from protected or unprotected areas to share your knowledge about regulations and permissions to be followed for collecting specimens for Research in India. I hope this will help a lot of budding researchers in and outside India who are studying flora and fauna of Indian subcontinent.

I have failed in finding any new taxonomical paper devoted to these taxa as well as any difference between them. I am afraid our understanding of the european species of the genus has remained how it is shown in the Flora Europaea. Please any hint.

I see there are numerous online Flora sites, COL, EOL, WCSP, POWO, and The Plant List among others. Would it possible to have one integrated online Flora database in the world. All the sites provide scientific names, distribution and other information. However, I still see there are some disagreements among the sites in taxon citation for some species, and in synonyms etc. I feel there should be consensus among the sites in taxon citation and synonyms at least or some sites are not updating for several years. This is my personal observation may be due lack of knowledge about sites and other shortcomings. Thank you.

Dear all,

does anybody know how to get a paper print or a PDF copy of this complete flora containing its several volumes ?

Thanks a lot for any suggestion,

Errol.

What must change in economic policy to stop the predatory exploitation of the Amazon rainforests, i.e. the largest complex of natural forest ecosystems of forest environments, in addition characterized by the greatest biogeographical biodiversity of flora and fauna?

Please reply

I invite you to the discussion

Thank you very much

Best wishes

Astronomers estimate that there are a lot of galaxies in space, in which there are millions of planetary systems similar to the best known Solar System, ie the planetary system containing the Earth on which we live.

Many of these planetary systems similar to the Solar System may be planets similar to Earth.

This similarity mainly affects the size and distance from the sun.

Because, apparently, in the meteorites that fell to Earth, fossilized creatures similar to bacteria were found, so life on Earth could also come to Earth from outside the Earth.

So there is a high probability that our Earth on which we live does not have to be the only planet in the Universe that has developed a life in the richness of ecosystems composed of various forms of flora and fauna.

Some researchers in this field argue that from a statistical point of view it is almost impossible that only developed life forms existed on the Earth.

So the current question is now: How many planetary systems can there be in the Universe, where life could or should be created?

I have made a listing of the flora of some region, obviously I made the sampling using polygons covering a wide range of the studied area.

Now I want to classify the polygons I have made by their similarity/dissimilarity on the diversity and abundance of the flora.

The questions comes next, how can I do it? Which index or coefficients should I use? (I have find bray-curtis, jaccard and other)

And which algorithm/method should I use for the clustering diagram?

Any help or literature that helps me to clarify this will be much appreciated.

Generally in the flora of any region content two major components one is its endemic plants content and the other is the exotic and naturalized floristic elements, besides these there are some some plants which are originated in that region and then it spread to other country.  Dr. D. Chatterjee (1940 and 1960) in his work exhibit the route of migration of different floristic elements from different parts of the world in India.  I am very interesting to know such migration route of the plants from different parts of the world to India and also wants a list of the exotic plants of the Indian subcontinent along with their native country and the time of immigration. 

The Amazon rainforest is the largest complex of the natural forest ecosystem of the planet Earth. The Amazon rainforest it is a natural complex of forest ecosystem with rich biodiversity. In these Amazonian ecosystems there are still many, millions of species of flora and fauna that have not yet been fully discovered or described.

The scale of felling and thinning stands in the Amazon's forest is so large that every day the scale of this unique biodiversity decreases and many species of living organisms cease to exist.

Human civilization in this way destroys one of the greatest achievements in the development of life, the evolution of ecosystems on Earth.

This is a very serious problem to solve in the 21st century.

Therefore, I am addressing you with an important question: What should you do to limit the devastation of Amazon rainforests?

The Flora of India: An Annotated Checklist" was published by Botanical Survey of India in October 2020 (https://www.facebook.com/moefcc/posts/1524286471107023). It is a publication of prime importance to all taxonomists working on flowering plants of India. I am not able to find it from any source. Can somebody suggest a source from where it can be purchased or procured.

I have a big collection of ivy (Hedera) but fail to identify this specimen as species. It has matt leaves all of the similar shapes and with unusual stellate trichomes of 7-8 (10) rays - nearly scale-like but of fully fr

ee rays. The trichomes of this specimen do differ from those of other Hedera species. This specimen came from a Saint Petersburg's Botanical garden but of unknown origin. I took the photo of the specimen in my garden. The help will be acknowledged.

In the multi-million year history of life on Earth there have been 5 great extinctions of species of fauna and flora.

In the context of human civilization activity and the rapidly progressing process of global warming, has the 6th species died out?

Please reply

Best wishes

This is a climbing shrub grown in houses for the fragrant flowers in Salem, South India. I request the expert members for the species id of this Jasminum.

Thank you.

I would like to know how to register the journal Flora Montiberica (ISSN 1138-5952 - eISSN 1988-799X) in Research Gate.

In vast areas of lowland Asia (sub)tropical forests were cleared long before herbarium specimens were collected, but for accounts in floras only herbarium records are used to define the distribution range of plant species. The consequence is that the distribution range given in floras is often much smaller than the original distribution range before human disturbance. This completely biases any IUCN conservation assessment because the loss of range in the past remains undocumented and is therefore not considered during the conservation assessment. Even worse many species are now considered non native in vast areas of their potential original distribution range because no wild occurrences remain. Very often it can’t be even distinguished anymore whether scattered occurences in human modified landscapes were planted, are potentially of remnant origin or are planted descendants of wild populations, which have disappeared long ago. This is a serious conservation issue contributing to further loss of genetic diversity of already endangered species because occurrences, which are not considered wild/native, usually do not receive any conservation attention by authorities.

Dear RG Colleagues,

I hope you're doing well.

In my region, I noticed that an area contains a very rich flora and fauna biodiversity. I am trying with a team to establish a complete inventory within a year.

My question is what are the main steps to create a new protected area, whether at the scientific or administrative level.

Creating Protected Areas solution aims to increase the amount of conserved land by establishing new government protected areas, indigenous managed territories and private protected areas.

Best regards

Abdenour

I am attaching the photos of a Rubiaceae member for identification which I have taken from Oddanchatram, Dindigul district of Tamil Nadu, India.

I request the specialists to identify the plant.

Thank you.

Hi all, I'm looking for a good pdf file of this reference, texte and atlas : Renier,A., Stockmans, F., Demanet,F., Van Straelen,V., 1938. Flore et Faune Houillères de la Belgique. Introduction à l'étude du Terrain Houiller. Publication of Musée Royale d 'Histoire Naturelle de Belgique, Flora Atlas Pls.1-105, pp. 60-91. May someone has this bibliography and can share it ! Cordially and stay healthy! Bruno

Hello everybody. I would like to check the names and taxonomic status of a specific old dated flora. Could I find a single database that deals with a bulky heterogeneous plant list? Thank you.

I found this (very pretty) algae (see picture) in a bore-fed and suburban catchment run-off fed, human made lake (Newport Lakes) in Newport, Victoria, Australia. I'm a vertebrate zoologist with a thorough knowledge of terestrial and wetland aussie flora but algae has got me come-a-cropper!!

These lakes are an old blue-stone quarry and I have been told they are full of rusting metal and other contaminants. The lakes are full of carp and Mosquito fish; no native fish as far as we know. People feed the swans and water-fowl with bread and sundry here (although they are not supposed to). Perhaps these factors are influencing the appearance of this algae?

Would love an ID! Thanks all

Will you be happy to receive my publications on Insect-plant interasction?

Ashwini

Do you agree with my opinion that protection of the natural environment, biodiversity is one of the greatest civilization challenges of the 21st century?

Please reply

I pointed out the high level of relevance of the issue taken up in the above question in the article:

Please respond with what do you think about the issues described in this article?

Best wishes

Dariusz Prokopowicz

I found this cultivated plant as an ornamental plant in the campus of my university, I am unable to recognize it. Please help me to identify it. Its fruit seem to possess dying property.

I am trying to determine the paleoclimate of both Belgium and the Swabian Jura before Heindrich event 4 and after the Campanian Ignimbrite volcanic eruption. What type of flora/fauna existed around these sites especially.

Please, explain with example the role of flora and fauna in forensic investigation.

Human biological can some forensic significance. How it is useful please, explain?

Greetings

I am planning to apply for internship in USA.

I would like to know if there are any research going on in the USA universities like Western Michigan (Kalamazoo), North Carolina, MIT, Harvard related to

1. Diclofenac's toxic effects on the aquatic flora and fauna

2. Identification of a flora that can absorb/reduce the toxic effect of compounds that are present in the water

Thank you in advance.

If flora of a particular /region/area has been prepared in 2019. After how long this flora needs revision and why?

I"m an anthropologist teaching Design. Some of my work is on academia.edu. I"m affiliated with the National Museum of Kenya and have placed collections of East African material in several museums in the US and Europe. One of my colleagues, Flora Mutere, is working on her PHD about the Railways Musem in Nairobi. I spent some time talking with Yanis Mokri last summer - good guy! You can contact me at pido@africaonline.co.ke . Can you tell me more about your project?

Can anybody tell me "What is the total number of species, genera and families that were described in the JD Hooker's Flora of British India Volume I (1872)?

Note: Volume I of this flora covered Ranunculaceae to Sapindaceae.

Since ancient times over thousands of years until modern technological era human diet and drinks were simple devoid of chemical food additives.. With the advent of Modern technological era human drinks and diet are supplemented with various substances. Over 3000 chemicals or others are added as food supplements to prevent decay and please the eye. Food preservatives and other substances have tremendous influence on the microbiome of human intestine. Endotoxins produced by the microbial flora may result in endotoximia. This may be responsible for many diseases and maladies in man.