Finite Element Method - Science method

This paper proposes a digital twin of automotive steel wheel biaxial test bench for wheel dynamic behaviour and assessment condition purposes. The methodology allows to consider the imposed kinematics occurring in the experimental test bench after the calibration process called "Over-turning Moment procedure" is applied, and to manage the pneumatic...

Events like blasts, vehicle impacts, gas explosions, or terrorist attacks can induce dynamic structural responses. Traditional design practices focus on structures' static or quasi-static behavior, neglecting dynamic effects. However, the response of structural members and joints under dynamic loading can differ significantly from that under static...

From the late 1960’s airport engineers developed special paving material for arresting aircraft gears in event of overrun as a partial extension of a runway end safety area. Such pavement surface material, inverting a general concept, should be crushed over the first pass of gear wheels resulting the aircraft to sink and being promptly arrested res...

Book has been written with the aim of providing systematic guidelines to practicing structural engineers to implement FEM theory using STAAD.Pro, while solving complex structural engineering problems. Book covers various assumptions, considerations, methodologies, and guidelines for interpretation of results.

For over thirty years optical belt drive configurations are being used in food industries to automatically sort produce in high operating speeds. Despite their benefits, these multi-component assemblies are prone to faults, difficult to clean, and require frequent maintenance that halts the production lines for considerable amount of time. In this...

This study presents a multimodal-based method to optimize the boundary shape of a rectangular horn for optimum impedance matching, assuming that the horn is mounted in an enclosure to adapt to practical applications. An infinite rectangular waveguide with a perfectly matched layer is introduced to solve the multimodal radiation impedances of the ho...

This paper presents a boundary element method for calculating the sound pressure level on and above a ground-board placed on an infinite ground plane with constant impedance. This method uses the Green’s function for the Helmholtz equation in a half-space bounded by an infinite impedance plane and therefore avoids the complications which occur when...

A method is introduced for impedance and loss calculation of three-core power cables with steel armoring, based on 2D finite element method (FEM) computations. The pitching effect of the cores and armor wires is taken into account by 1) enforcing identical net current on the wires, and by 2) introducing a fictitious non-conductive material between...

Transformers are important components in electrical power system and also represent very huge investments. The effects of failures in power systems namely faults, outages lead to loss of revenue and have serious effects on operational performance. Transformer failure analysis shows that about 10% of the transformer failures are caused due to damage...

Non-uniform elements, such as non-prismatic and those made from composite materials, are commonly used in structures. This is because the variation in their internal forces makes uniform elements less effective to withstand the external loads. This paper presents the formulation of the Green's Functions Stiffness Method (GFSM) for the static analys...

This paper presents the frequency domain formulation of the Green’s Functions Stiffness Method (GFSM) for plane Euler–Bernoulli frames subjected to arbitrary external loads (forces and bending moments). The GFSM is a generalization of the Stiffness Method (SM) or the Finite Element Method (FEM) that computes the closed-form analytical structural re...

This paper presents a technical-economical optimization by maximizing the ratio between the critical buckling pressure (technical characteristic) and the production cost (economic characteristic) of stiffened cylindrical shells, a basic concept of value analysis. Critical buckling load values were determined using both the Finite Element Method (FE...

A singularly perturbed reaction-diffusion problem in 1D is solved numerically by a local discontinuous Galerkin (LDG) finite element method. For this type of problem the standard energy norm is too weak to capture the contribution of the boundary layer component of the true solution, so balanced norms have been used by many authors to give more sat...

Binder jetting is ideally suited to produce individual components, as it offers the possibility to directly achieve highly complex geometries. To assure the direct production of net-shape components with optimized process parameters, numerical models across scales were developed in this study to model and simulate each manufacturing step on the ent...

In this paper, we present an immersed finite element (IFE) method for solving the elastodynamics interface problems on interface-unfitted meshes. For spatial discretization, we use vector-valued P1 and Q1 IFE spaces. We establish some important properties of these IFE spaces, such as inverse inequalities, which will be crucial in the error analysis...

The functionally graded (FG) NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA) with both Ni-rich domain (exhibiting superelasticity, called as SE domain) and Ti-rich one (exhibiting shape memory effect, called as SME domain) was reported to exhibit a novel mechanical response with high displacement control accuracy. In this work, we first establish a phase field model...

With the continuous development of preparation technology, laser additive manufacturing (LAM) has become one of the effective ways to manufacture functionally graded materials due to its unique layer-by-layer stacking technology. However, the repeated and repeated rapid heating and cooling processes in the manufacturing process will generate large...

Spectral element methods (SEM), extensions of finite element methods (FEM), have emerged as significant techniques for solving partial differential equations in physics and engineering. SEM can potentially deliver superior accuracy due to the potential superconvergence in nodal solutions for well-shaped tensor-product elements. However, the accurac...

We develop a multilevel Monte Carlo (MLMC)-FEM algorithm for linear, elliptic diffusion problems in polytopal domain D⊂Rd\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$...

Poverty is still a major problem on Sumatra's island, despite abundant natural resources potential, such as mining and plantation products. Sumatra Island consists of 10 provinces divided into three regions: Northern Sumatra, Central Sumatra, and Southern Sumatra. The island of Sumatra has the highest number of poor people in the Southern Sumatra r...

Shear wall structure is one of the options as an appropriate lateral load-bearing system for new structures or as a means of retrofitting existing buildings. There are many types of shear walls, including steel plate shear walls (SPSWs). In enhancing its function, a thin SPSW is added with a stiffener. However, steel shear walls with stiffeners inc...

The structural analysis of an old steel riveted railway truss bridge located over the Maruska River on the Działdowo-Olsztyn, Poland railway line is performed in this paper, to check its behavior under today's railway loads. The mechanical properties of construction steel extracted from the old steel bridge are investigated by tensile tests, impact...

In this study, we propose a fast calculation method that utilizes Kirchhoff’s hypotheses and electroelasticity theory to derive the resonant frequency, antiresonant frequency, and effective electromechanical coupling coefficient of a trilaminar bending ring transducer with unequal diameters. The accuracy of the theoretical method is validated throu...

An incompressible unsteady free convective viscous MHD rotating flow past a moving plate embedded in a porous medium is considered with the influence of viscous dissipation, heat source effects. It is assumed that the flow rotates with angular velocity which is normal to the plate and also that a transverse magnetic field is applied along the norma...

In this work, we investigate the Darcy-Forchheimer equation coupled with the convection-diffusion-reaction equation where the coupling is presented through the source term of the Darcy-Forchheimer equation, which depends on the concentration. We analyze this problem by introducing the equivalent variational formulation and show the existence of the...

The aerodynamic configuration of large swept-back tri-wings is generally adopted for hypersonic vehicles, but the structural stiffness of the ailerons is weak, which may lead to damage due to the flutter behavior. In the initial stage of structural design, studying the flutter characteristics of tri-wing flight vehicles is necessary and can provide...

ELPLA (ELastic PLAte) is a program for analyzing rafts and piled rafts of arbitrary shape, variable thickness and foundation depth with the real subsoil model. The program can analyze different types of subsoil models, especially the three-dimensional continuum model that considers any number of irregular layers in vertical and horizontal direction...

p>Maxwell's equations from the 19th century and the almost equally old Lorentz force equation provide the theoretical basis of all of electrical engineering and consequently the foundation for the majority of all modern technologies. For point charges, this system of partial differential equations reduces to the Weber-Maxwell wave equation. In this...

In this paper, we will consider the variable-order subdiffusion initial-boundary value problem with weakly singular solutions. By using the nonuniform L1 scheme and nonuniform Alikhanov scheme in time, two efficient numerical methods (which we call L1 FEM and Alikhanov FEM) are developed, where the finite element method is used in space. Firstly, a...

A rutting prediction method for semi-rigid pavement structures using accelerated loading tests and finite element analysis was proposed in this study. Firstly, dynamic modulus and creep tests of three pavement materials were performed by changing sizes and temperatures. The prediction equation was obtained and verified using the falling weight defl...

Inductive wireless power transfer is a promising technology for powering smart wearable devices. The spiral coil shape is widely used in wireless power transfer applications. Nevertheless, during the coil design process, there are many challenges to overcome considering all the design constraints. The most important is to determine the optimal coil...

During the thermal simulation compression test, the formation of an obvious bulge in the specimen leads to a certain deviation between the calculated and actual values of the true stress. The finite element method was used to simulate the single-pass compression of specimens of 34CrNi3MoV steel and obtain the actual nonuniform deformation of the bu...

The inverse finite element method (iFEM) based on fiber grating sensors has been demonstrated as a shape sensing method for health monitoring of large and complex engineering structures. However, the existing optimization algorithms cause the local optima and low computational efficiency for high-dimensional strain sensor layout optimization proble...

High voltage (HV) insulator of power transmission lines is affected by environmental conditions that can be led to insulator aging through leakage current enhancement and flashover voltage reduction. In this regard, the contamination layer on the surface of insulators is studied in categories of symmetrical pollution and asymmetrical pollution incl...

Crack problems in multilayered elastic media have attracted extensive attention for years due to their wide applications in both a theoretical analysis and practical industry. The boundary element method (BEM) is widely chosen among various numerical methods to solve the crack problems. Compared to other numerical methods, such as the phase field m...

High-speed permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) are usually started with the hybrid low-speed open-loop and high-speed closed-loop control mode. However, low-speed open-loop control produces large starting current, or even current overload, resulting in demagnetization and motor damage. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a high-sp...

Eddy current displacement sensors are popular for sensing changes in displacement in industrial fields with many advantages. The eddy current induced by a conventional coil is distributed over a large range and the energy is not concentrated. The size of the minimum measured surface is 1.5 to 3 times the diameter of the coil. A magnetic head-based...

The main aim of the paper is to catalog ways of modeling bolted joints and introducing bolt preload using the finite element method. The paper presents models of bolted joints published in the current decade (i.e. after 1 January 2021 and up to 10 May 2023) in journals of the world's largest scientific publishers, such as: Elsevier, Springer, and M...

The tunability of plasmonic resonances in gold and silver nanosphere arrays on a glass substrate, embedded in a liquid crystal matrix, was explored. The calculations involving the finite element method revealed that the optical properties of these arrays can be modulated by reorienting the liquid crystal. When the liquid crystal director was reorie...

To develop a geological nuclear waste disposal facility from scratch, the hydro-mechanical properties of the host rock are fundamental for its initial construction, long-term system evolution, closure, and post-closure phases. In this paper, a transversely isotropic damage constitutive model was developed to describe the nonlinear behavior of claye...

Structures with inhomogeneous materials, non-uniform cross-sections, non-uniform supports, and subject to non-uniform loads are increasingly common in aerospace applications. This paper presents a simple and unified numerical dynamics model for all beams with arbitrarily axially varying cross-sections, materials, foundations, loads, and general bou...

In this study, a new approach, for identification and characterization of straight cracks in plates-like structures, is presented. The finite element method using a commercial software (Abaqus)is coupled with successful history-based adaptive differential evolution algorithm (SHADE) which, ensures the minimization of the objective function based on...

Al-Hindiya barrage is an important project to ensure safety of structures is considered as one of the important projects in Iraq, so it's very important to checking it's the extent of the efficiency of the cut-off wall can be determined by calculating the amount of seepage flow that occurred under the structure in different conditions, such as t...

In recent years, there has been increasing attention on the development of non-destructive evaluation (NDE) methods using guided waves for long-length materials such as thin plates and pipes. The guided waves are capable of long-distance propagation in thin plates and pipes, and they exhibit properties such as multimodality and dispersion. These ch...

In the fatigue design of metallic components using the safe-life approach, fatigue crack initiation as a development of slip systems at the nanoscale, followed by microstructurally short crack growth, is critical for the onset of structural failure. The development of reliable analytical tools for the prediction of crack initiation, although very c...

Recently, an increasing number of electromagnetic devices have been using smart fluids. These include ferrofluids, electrorheological fluids, and magnetorheological (MR) fluids. In the paper, magnetorheological fluids are considered for use in a spherical actuator for haptic applications. An approach is presented to the design and optimization of s...

This paper presents the numerical analysis using finite element modelling to observe the stability of embedded and surficial strip footings at the edge of the slope top. This study aims to develop the bearing capacity estimation for strip footing constructed at the top of the slope. Several variations in footing depth, dimension, slope inclination,...

We predict the fatigue life of a planar tubular truss when geometrical parameters, material properties, and live loads are non-deterministic. A multi-level calculation uncertainty quantification framework code was designed to aggregate the finite element method and fatigue-induced sequential failures. Due to the incompleteness of the aleatory-type...

In this study, the effect of the variation of the arch form in thickness and height on the bridge was investigated as a numerical analysis. For this purpose, the historic Antik Iscehisar Bridge located in the Iscehisar district of Afyonkarahisar in the Aegean Region was elected as a numerical application. The bridge was subjected to its own weight...

We present a dynamic modeling technique for brittle fracture based on a novel nonlocal damage model. The formulation of our developed damage theory is based on the earlier published one, i.e., Tran et al. CMAME 2023, 413:116123, but has an important ingredient that renders the enhanced theory more effective with respect to the time-dependent loadin...

Freight wagons primarily consist of welded steel structures subjected to time varying loads. Therefore, fatigue associated with the welding process is a common failure mode. Several technical codes for fatigue assessment have been proposed, being DVS 1612–2014 and ERRI B 12/RP 60 two of the most used. Nevertheless, no clear correlation between both...

The work is devoted to the study of the Zr-1Nb alloy in coarse-grained and ultrafine-grained states under laser-induced shock-wave loading. This material is of interest due to the application for the manufacture of shells for fuel elements of nuclear reactors. The properties of this alloy in the ultrafine-grained state is attracted for the reliabil...

The properties of ice strength have a significant impact on the design and safety of structures in ice-infested waters. To analyze the flexural strength of columnar saline model ice, we conducted circular plate center loading tests at the Small Ice Model Basin of the China Ship Scientific Research Center (CSSRC SIMB) in China. The tests involved va...

Recently, Electric Two-Wheelers ETW are changing the face of the global automotive market. This study focused on selecting proper material and mechanical isolation gap to design a protective enclosure for the battery pack of ETW. The integration of the Failure, Modes, Mechanism and Effect Analysis (FMMEA) method is utilized to develop the interface...

In this work, we present the mathematical foundation of an assembly code for finite element approximations of nonlocal models with compactly supported, weakly singular kernels. We demonstrate the code on a nonlocal diffusion model in various configurations and on a two-dimensional bond-based peridynamics model. Further examples can be found in D’El...

Experimental methodologies for fatigue lifetime prediction are time-intensive and susceptible to environmental variables. While the cohesive zone model is popular for predicting adhesive fatigue lifetime, entropy-based methods have also shown promise. This study aims to provide an understanding of the durability characteristics of CFRP adhesive joi...

In this paper, we propose a new design of an all-optical 2-bit adder based on Photonic Crystal nonlinear ring resonators. The proposed structure is designed by cascading one optical half adder and one full adder composed of nonlinear ring resonators. The Photonic Crystal (PhC) based 2-bit adder consists of four input ports (A0, B0, A1, and B1), and...

Cube corner retroreflector is an optical element with high reflectivity, widely used to improve safety in low-light environments. High-precision and surface finish die cores are used to mass-produce high-quality retroreflectors. There are periodic micro-morphologies on the die core surface machined by diamond fly-cutting, which weaken the reflectio...

A three-dimensional analysis of the leakage magnetic field in a transformer with beveled edges in a magnetic shunt is described. This paper contains a mathematical description of the finite element method used in performing numerical calculations. Formulas allowing to determine the differential and integral parameters of the magnetic field were pre...

This study proposes a unified modeling method to investigate the dynamic behaviors of the functionally graded porous (FGP) spherical shell with elastic boundary conditions. First, three kinds of FGP distributed patterns are defined. Then, the first-order shear deformation theory is selected to build the governing equations of the spherical shell wi...

The harmonic disturbances within the power electric system conveyed to the industrial sector cause problems in electrical equipment, resulting increasingly in preventative maintenance. Thus, computer simulations of electrical devices are performed utilising measured parameters for each equipment, enabling to predict future failures and their determ...

In this work, the thermal contact problem of a rigid flat punch sliding over functionally graded material (FGM) coating with a surface crack is investigated. The surface of a homogeneous isotropic substrate is ideally coated by FGM. The coefficient of friction on the contact surface is assumed to be constant, and dry Coulomb friction law is applied...

The damage variation of a masonry structure during shield tunneling has been investigated. Furthermore, the damage degree of the masonry building has been investigated by combining the field measurement, finite element method results, and theoretical method. The results show that compared with the theoretical calculation method LSTM, the method pro...

A reliable crack width assessment is a basic part of the sustainability control of the reinforced concrete structures subjected to corrosion degradation. The uncertainty of the concrete cracking model based on a finite element method and nonlinear fracture mechanics is investigated. The parameters of numerical model, such as the finite element mesh...

This paper delves into the world of high-order curl and div elements within finite element methods, providing valuable insights into their geometric properties, indexing management, and practical implementation considerations. It first explores the decomposition of Lagrange finite elements. The discussion then extends to H(div)-conforming finite el...

The finite element method is commonly used to conduct the excavation project and to ensure the safety of the adjacent building. Hence, the analysis method should be rigorous, and the soil parameters used in the analysis should be carefully determined. In this paper, a small strain stiffness model was performed to assess the influence of small-strai...

Recently, Nano-encapsulated phase change materials (NEPCM) have attracted the attention of researchers due to their promising application in thermal management. This research investigates magnetohydrodynamic mixed convection of NEPCM contained within a lid-driven trapezoidal prism enclosure containing a hot-centered elliptical obstacle. The upper c...