Fatty Acids - Science topic

Lipid abnormalities are prominent features of psychiatric disorders. In this regard, increased levels of saturated fatty acids (SFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), ceramides and, reduced levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been reported in the membrane phospholipids from patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP). Among vari...

To assess the association of dietary fatty acids with asthma in Indian school children. Children aged 6–16 years were enrolled from randomly selected urban schools in 10 cities. The International Study on Asthma and Allergies in Childhood Phase III Questionnaire was used to assess the prevalence of asthma. Three-day dietary intake data was obtained...

Key message Cotton GhMAX2 positively regulates fiber elongation by mediating the degradation of GhS1FA, which transcriptionally represses GhKCS9 expression. Abstract Strigolactones (SLs) are known to promote cotton fiber development. However, the precise molecular relationship between SL signaling and fiber cell elongation remains unclear. In this...

This article comments on: Sato N, Ikemura E, Uemura M, Awai K. 2025. Genomic and biochemical analyses of lipid biosynthesis in Cyanophora paradoxa: limited role of the chloroplast in fatty acid synthesis. Journal of Experimental Botany 76, 532–545. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erae420

This study was performed to reveal the metabolic effects and molecular mechanisms that govern the dietary incorporation of clenbuterol on growth performance, haemato-biochemical changes, histological alteration, and gene expression regulating glucose and lipid metabolism in normal and high-fat diets fed in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Six...

Consumption of phytosterols is a nutritional strategy employed to reduce cholesterol absorption, but recent research shows that their biological activity might go beyond cholesterol reduction for the treatment of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), and novel phytosterol formulations, such as submicron dispersions, could im...

Recycling thermosetting materials presents itself as a major challenge in achieving sustainable material use. Dynamic covalent cross‐linking of polymers has emerged as a viable solution that can combine the structural integrity of thermosetting materials with the (re−)processability of thermoplastics. Thioether linkages between polymer chains are q...

A high-fat meal can cause postprandial hyperlipemia, initiating an acute inflammatory response. New structured lipids (SLs) free from trans and palm fatty acids are emerging as food structurants. Objective: We evaluated the postprandial response and inflammatory profiles in Swiss mice after oral administration of SLs in high-fat meals. Methods: S...

Background Dietary factors are modifiable risk factors for dementia. In particular, the Mediterranean‐DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet has been associated with better cognitive function and lower risk of dementia. However, circulating metabolomic characteristics of the MIND diet and its associations with cognitive function...

Mitochondrial trifunctional protein deficiency is a long-chain fatty acid disorder that may include manifestations of severe cardiomyopathy and arrhythmias. The pathophysiology for the severe presentation is unclear but is an indicator for worse outcomes. Triheptanoin, a synthetic medium chain triglyceride, has been reported to reverse cardiomyopat...

To evaluate if egg consumption is associated with sleep quality and psychological health (depression, anxiety, and stress) in women with type 2 diabetes. A cross-sectional study was conducted on women with type 2 diabetes (n = 230). Weight, height, waist circumference (WC), and blood pressure were measured. A Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was...

Cuticular wax is essential for fruit to maintain moisture. Although the wax content of peel surface in apple (Malus spp.) varies, the detailed molecular mechanism remains unclear. Here, we identified the β‐ketoacyl‐CoA synthase 2 (MdKCS2) differentially expressed between apple peel with low and high wax content by integrating bulked segregant analy...

Macauba is an underexplored palm with significant potential for food‐grade vegetable oil production. Its fruits yield two distinct sources of oil, the pulp and the kernel, each with its unique composition, emerging as a potential vegetable oil source with high competitiveness with well‐established conventional oil sources. Besides the oil, macauba...

Ampullary adenocarcinoma (AMPAC) is a rare and heterogeneous malignancy. Here we performed a comprehensive proteogenomic analysis of 198 samples from Chinese AMPAC patients and duodenum patients. Genomic data illustrate that 4q loss causes fatty acid accumulation and cell proliferation. Proteomic analysis has revealed three distinct clusters (C-FAM...

Sheep and goat meat products are becoming increasingly popular among consumers due to their unique flavor derived from intramuscular fat (IMF), which contributes to formation of the distinctive odor. However, there is currently a dearth of reviews on the impact of IMF on the flavor of sheep and goat meat. The present review aims to discuss the rela...

Mycobacteria such as the causative agent of tuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis , encode over 100 bioinformatically predicted lipoproteins. Despite the importance of these post-translationally modified proteins for mycobacterial survival, many remain experimentally unconfirmed. Here we characterized metabolic incorporation of diverse fatty aci...

Rice bran is a source of healthy oil which contains antioxidants and essential vitamins. Without pretreatment, the rapid activity of lipase enzyme causes the oil to contain high amounts of free fatty acids, making it unsuitable for edible purposes. In such cases, utilizing it for chemicals becomes an option. This study presents the synthesis of rev...

: Background/Objectives: With the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) in nutrition and healthcare, AI-driven chatbots are increasingly recognised as potential tools for generating personalised diet plans. This study aimed to evaluate the capabilities of three popular chatbots—Gemini, Microsoft Copilot, and ChatGPT 4.0—in designing weight-loss diet...

This study reviews transesterification reaction, an advanced technology for the synthesis of biodiesel, and compares heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysts to highlight their unique properties. Homogeneous catalysts provide a higher yield with a faster reaction rate and operate under mild conditions. However, they can dissolve in the final product...

Daphnia carinata is an important biological live feed in aquaculture. Conventionally, D. carinata is cultivated and fed with fresh Chlorella pyrenoidosa, which is inconvenient for storage and transportation. After undergoing vacuum freeze-drying or spray-drying, C. pyrenoidosa exhibits advantages such as reduced weight and easier storage and transp...

Camel milk is a valuable food source with unique nutritional properties and potential health benefits. This study investigated the influence of high dietary salt on milk composition and fatty acid (FA) profile as well as insulin regulation in dairy camels. Twelve multiparous female camels were used in a crossover design with two treatments: control...

Albumin, the most abundant protein, contributes significantly to various physiological processes, indicating its multifunctional properties. It has drawn the attention of scientists and physicians because of its primary role in maintaining osmotic pressure and involvement in transporting numerous small molecules, including hormones, fatty acids, an...

Digestate, the side-product of anaerobic digestion (AD), poses both an environmental and economic problem. Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is discussed as a potential process to treat this waste biomass and yield valuable products, e. g. biocrude. This review outlines the state of the art of digestate treatment and assesses the state of knowledge c...

The present study examined factors associated with trunk skeletal muscle thickness (MT, an index for the amount of skeletal muscle) and echo intensity (EI, an index for the content of non-contractile tissue, such as intramuscular adipose tissue) in young Japanese men and women in consideration of habitual dietary intake. Healthy men (n = 26) and wo...

Key Words (5 max) 1. Lay Summary Provide information suitable for a lay/non-specialist audience. It must be written in clear, non-scientific language Lay Summary (maximum 300 words) Give a summary of the research project in terms suitable for a non-specialist/lay reader Making New Antibiotics to Fight Superinfections: Occasionally, the bacteria are...

The composition of lipids and their fatty acids in white and red skeletal muscles, liver, hump, and gonads of the pink salmon Oncorhyncus gorbuscha (males and females) collected from three biotopes—marine, estuarine, and riverine—of the White Sea during spawning migration were studied. Changes in the lipid composition of the studied tissues chiefly...

The global impact of residues resulting from fishing processing has generated the need to develop sustainable processes, find additional potential of raw materials, and provide alternatives for their recovery of potentially valuable by-products. On the other hand, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide and nee...

Background Emerging studies have identified changes in lipid processing in Alzheimer’s disease patients. However, how the various brain cell types respond to these changes is unclear. Multiple Alzheimer’s disease risk genes are expressed in microglia and involved in lipid sensing and processing. Method In this project, we assessed unbiasedly how v...

This study focuses on the preparation of fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE) in a solvent-free system using high-acid-value waste oil as the raw material. The research involves the addition of two enzymes with different substrate specificities, accompanied by ultrasonic assistance. The investigation explores the impact of enzyme addition (3–7 wt%), enzy...

The European sardine (Sardina pilchardus) ranks among the most valuable species of Iberian fisheries, and the accurate tracing of its geographic origin, once landed, is paramount to securing sustainable management of fishing stocks and discouraging fraudulent practices of illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing. The present study investi...

Modern cell membranes are primarily composed of phospholipids, while primitive cell membranes in the beginning of life are believed to have formed from simpler lipids (such as fatty acids) synthesized in the prebiotic environment. An attractive experimental study suggested that the corresponding membrane-takeover (as an evolutionary process) is lik...

Obesity is a well-established risk factor for various diseases, but the mechanisms through which it influences disease development remain unclear. Using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, we examined the causal relationship between BMI, 249 metabolic traits, and cholelithiasis. BMI data were obtained from four sources, and cholelithiasis data w...

Squid viscera, a byproduct of squid processing, contains oil rich in omega-3 fatty acids (up to 10% by mass) and the antioxidant astaxanthin. However, its high free fatty acid (FFA) content compromises stability. To address this, pilot-scale (200 L) enzymatic re-esterification of squid oil using immobilized lipase (Lipozyme RMIM) was demonstrated,...

The present work aimed to examine the primary mechanisms of liver damage, namely the impact of gut-derived endotoxins on the gut-liver axis and adipose-derived free fatty acids on the adipose-liver...

Historically, lubricants have relied on petroleum derivatives, but depleting resources necessitate alternatives. Vegetable oils are unstable for use due to oxidation but can be improved via chemical modification. This study examines bio-lubricant production from palm kernel oil, focusing on hydroxylation reaction time and compliance with SNI 06.706...

Although eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) as a functional fatty acid has shown significant benefits for human health, its susceptibility to oxidation significantly limits its application. In this study, we developed a nanoemulsion of the lactoferrin (LTF)–EPA complex and conducted a thorough investigation of its macro- and molecular properties. By chara...

Existing broodstock research has ascertained that eggs are heavily influenced by broodstock diet, but there is currently sparse information regarding the time it takes for nutrients to transfer into eggs after broodstock feeding. Thus, our study aimed to quantify this duration of broodstock to egg nutrient transfer by feeding two alternating diets....

Influencia de la densidad de plantío del aguacate Hass sobre el contenido de nutrientes en frutos y hojas en Colombia ABSTRACT https://doi. This study aimed to determine the effect of plant density on avocado fruit and leaf nutritional composition in commercial orchard cv. Hass in the department of Antioquia, Colombia. The experimental design was a...

HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR) plays a key role as the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. Fatty acid amides possess a range of biochemical and physiological functions. In an attempt to identify potential inhibitors of HMGCR, three fatty acid amides-namely stearamide, oleamide, and butyramide were investigated. Results demonstrated that th...

In this study, it was aimed to determine the effects of nuggets produced using turkey meat by repeated frying in olive oil under atmospheric and pressure frying conditions on some physicochemical and instrumental texture properties of nuggets and some quality properties (free fatty acid, peroxide value and total polar compound) of frying oil. While...

The demand for enzymes as biocatalysts in industry is very high. Research and development of different types of enzymes from different sources has started. One very important enzyme to study is the enzyme lipase. Lipase enzymes are enzymes of the hydrolase class that catalyze the hydrolysis of triglycerides to glycerol and free fatty acids. Lipases...

Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) is a newly introduced drought-tolerant crop in Bangladesh and registered as BAU chia-1 in 2019 for countrywide cultivation. Its seeds are considered a superfood because of having a large amount (57-65%) of α-linolenic acid (ω-3 fatty acid). This study aims to determine the amount of optimum nitrogen fertilizer to get a go...

In this study, the usability of calving type, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), and calcium (Ca) concentrations in predicting postpartum diseases was examined. For this purpose, 120 Holstein cows were used in the study. These cows were divided into two subgroups according to the calving type: unassisted parturition (eutoci...

Background: The impact of the dietary macronutrient composition and its subcomponents (saccharides, fatty acids, and protein sources) on radiation-induced acute skin toxicity (AST) in breast cancer (BC) patients is unknown. Hence, we examined the association between dietary macronutrients and their subcomponents and the risk of ≥grade 2 (G2) AST p...

Obesity and metabolic syndrome are significant global health challenges influenced by dietary and lifestyle factors. This study aimed to develop an experimental rabbit model of obesity and metabolic syndrome using high-fat and high-fructose diets over 11 weeks. Rabbits were divided into three groups: group A (control) fed a basal diet, group B fed...

In order to minimize environmental pollution, green additives prepared from bio-source with low cost and multi-functional applications have driven considerable attention in the field of lube oil industry. In this research, Neem oil was extracted using n-hexane as a solvent and some amount of Neem oil has mixed with turmeric rhizome (Antioxidant) to...

This study analyzed the chemical composition of beeswax with different amounts of paraffin using FTIR, DSC, and physicochemical analyses. Samples with paraffin proportions ranging from 1.5% to 48% were examined. FTIR, combined with PCA and HCA, identified paraffin in the sample with 6.0% paraffin, showing the sensitivity of FTIR in detecting this a...

Xanthoceras sorbifolium is a crucial oil tree species in northern China. Additionally, fatty acid constituents in its fruits possess remarkable medicinal value. Hence, probing the regulatory role of FAD family members in fatty acid components accumulation in X. sorbifolium fruits is crucial. Drawing on X. sorbifolium genome data, 22 XsFAD members d...

Background/objectives: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease developing and progressing in the presence of risk factors including hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, and chronic inflammation, among others. Atherosclerosis commonly precipitates as ischemic events, transient ischemic attacks, and myocardial infarction. Saturated fatty...

One of the important markers that distinguish tumor cells from normal cells is metabolic reprogramming. Among them, the reprogramming of fatty acid metabolism not only supports the fuel supply for energy but also meets the needs of rapid biosynthesis, providing selective growth advantages for tumor cells to resist harsh microenvironments. Due to th...

This study investigates the characteristics of camel milk from 61 mixed-breed female dromedary camels, with an average body weight of 418 ± 56 kg and an age of 47.5 ± 9.5

Prostate cancer is one of the most common tumors in urology. Dietary prophylaxis can effectively reduce prostate cancer incidence and progression. A growing body of research has shown that natural food ingredients such as Sulforaphane (SFN) can reduce the incidence of prostate cancer. It has a significant inhibitory effect on the progression from l...

Background/Objectives: Laurocapram (Azone) attracted attention 40 years ago as a compound with the highest skin-penetration-enhancing effect at that time; however, its development was shelved due to strong skin irritation. We had already prepared and tested an ante-enhancer (IL-Azone), an ionic liquid (IL) with a similar structure to Azone, consist...

The study aimed to investigate the effects of different cooking methods (hot water T1, traditional stove T2 or autoclave cooking T3) on the chemical composition, fatty acid content and amino acid profile of fish diets. Variations in chemical composition moisture, ash, fat, and protein with fatty acid and amino acids profiles were also studied. The...

This study explored the effects of replacing live fish feed with artificial compound feed on the growth performance, nutritional composition, digestive performance, and gut microbiota of Chinese giant salamander (Andrias davidianus). The experiment was divided into three groups, each with three biological replicates. The salamander juveniles were f...

To evaluate the nutritional value and development potential of Pterocladiella capillacea in the marine environment of Naozhou Island, Zhanjiang, this study conducted species classification and identification, followed by an analysis of key nutritional components. The combination of morphological and molecular results confirmed the identification of...

INTRODUCTION: Perioperative hyperglycemia has been shown to be related to higher levels of morbidity and mortality in patients on cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), both diabetic and non-diabetic. Blood electrolytes, like sodium, potassium, calcium, and chloride play a very important role in the normal f...

Phosphorus is a key nutrient for all organisms. The study of phosphate metabolism and its regulation is important for understanding the evolutionary processes of regulatory systems in eukaryotic cells. The methylotrophic yeast Komagataella phaffii is an efficient producer organism, and it is actively used in biotechnological production. The high pr...

Commercial production of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) from photoautotrophic microalgae like Nannochloropsis oceanica requires higher productivity and larger scales to reduce costs. Improving productivity can be achieved by increasing biomass concentrations, which creates light gradients in the reactor depending on the culture’s acclimation and the r...

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health concern caused by conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and chronic nephritis, leading to structural and functional kidney injury. Kidney fibrosis is a common outcome of CKD progression, with abnormal fatty acid oxidation (FAO) disrupting renal energy homeostasis and leading to fu...