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The model was already developed and tested in some parts of the world with unique conditions, but there is a lack of research in the South African context. So, can I adopt a similar model or framework to evaluate the impact of a phenomenon using South African conditions? For example, a new paradigm emerging worldwide is called Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) in urban planning. The paradigm proposes adopting nature-based infrastructure and other nature-based solutions to address socio-economic and ecological challenges in urban areas. Several models are available in the literature, especially in EU cities, which evaluate the impact of these solutions, but there is a lack of research in South Africa regarding the applicability and scalability of the solutions. So, my question is whether one can adapt existing models from the EU for example to evaluate the applicability here?
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Yes. Of course, this information is the hightlight for the aplication real of the problems, and solutions
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I am currently working on a research about the impacts of migration programs and policies on migrants moving to the EU. My research questions are;
1. Are migration policies honestly made with the intention to favour of migrants?
2. Are there fair balances put in place by the receiving countries to favour both the parties when these policies are made?
Kindly share your thoughts concerning these questions if you have vital contributions. I am also open to collaborating with other researchers if you are currently working on something similar or if you want to work with me on this project.
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Migration has been since the days of old and it is a normal phenomenon for humans, animals, and even plants to migrate. Several people across the globe migrate for different reasons and by law, it is assumed that, most migrants particularly those from developing countries are have migrant intents. According to Section 214(b) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA), visa applicants are presumed to be intending immigrants unless they are able to credibly prove otherwise.
Countries in the European Union (EU) have in the past, set up several migration programs some of them are the German job seekers visa, the German chancenkarte (opportunity card), international talent and economic attractiveness passport in France amongst others. However, there has been some skepticism behind these programs and policies.
Do you think this programs are made to favour the migrant and are the policies behind the programs flexible enough for the migrant to navigate their purpose of coming into the country?
Kindly share your thoughts.
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With more energy generated from renewable energy sources than from fossil fuels in the European Union for the first time ever at the end of July 2024, what are the chances that the European Union can achieve zero-carbon of its economy much earlier than 2050?
For the first time ever at the end of July 2024, more energy was generated in the European Union from renewable energy sources than from fossil fuels. This fact may suggest that due to rapidly developing renewable energy sources, the European Union may achieve zero-carbon of its economy much sooner than 2050. However, the structure of energy sources, including renewable, zero-carbon and emission-based, fossil-fuel-burning energy sources, varies widely across the European Union. Also, the pace of development of individual renewable and emission-free energy sources, the scale of financial investment and the large-scale use and implementation of new green energy technologies and eco-innovation varies considerably across the European Union. On the one hand, in Norway, for example, almost all of the energy generated comes from renewable energy sources. On the other hand, in Poland, since the beginning of the systemic and economic transformation, since 1989, for more than 3 decades financial subsidies were provided from the state's public finance system mainly to the fossil fuel extraction sector and the energy sector based on the combustion of these fuels. As a result, today in Poland, almost 3/4 of the electricity and even more of the thermal energy is still generated from dirty combustion energy based mainly on burning hard coal and lignite. In addition, hard coal mining in Poland within the framework of deep, highly methane mines, especially deep seams for many years is no longer profitable and generates additional costs for the state's public finances. It should be added that 90 percent of coal burned in the European Union to heat homes, apartments, etc. is the share of Poland alone against the background of the aforementioned European Union. And, for example, in Germany, which has a much more developed renewable and emission-free energy sector, for many years housing cooperatives have been generating thermal energy to heat apartments, entire housing estates from renewable energy sources, such as using heat pumps powered by electricity generated from photovoltaic panels. So Poland has a lot of work to do in terms of green energy transition. Unfortunately, the plan to build the first nuclear power plant is once again being postponed by the next government in Poland to an undefined and distant future.
I described the key aspects of a closed-loop economy, including a green, sustainable economy, in my article:
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PRINCIPLES OF SUSTAINABLE ECONOMY DEVELOPMENT AS A KEY ELEMENT OF THE PRO-ECOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATION OF THE ECONOMY TOWARDS GREEN ECONOMY AND CIRCULAR ECONOMY
In the following article, I included the results of the research I conducted on the connection of the issue of sustainable development, the genesis and meaning of the Sustainable Development Goals, the essence of sustainable development in the context of social, normative, economic, environmental, climate, as well as human rights aspects, etc. The research also addressed the issue of key determinants of human existential security as an element of the concept of sustainable development.
HUMAN SECURITY AS AN ELEMENT OF THE CONCEPT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN INTERNATIONAL LAW
I invite you to familiarize yourself with the issues described in the publications given above and to scientific cooperation in these issues.
In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:
In view of the fact that for the first time in history at the end of July 2024 in the European Union more energy was generated from renewable energy sources than from fossil fuels, what are the chances that the European Union can achieve zero-carbon of its economy much earlier than 2050?
What are the chances that the European Union can achieve zero-carbon of its economy much earlier than 2050?
And what is your opinion on this topic?
What do you think about this topic?
Please answer,
I invite everyone to join the discussion,
Thank you very much,
Best regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
The above text is entirely my own work written by me on the basis of my research.
In writing this text, I did not use other sources or automatic text generation systems.
Copyright by Dariusz Prokopowicz
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Very low.
Technical challenges:
-balancing energy energy grid with high level of renewable energy is a nightmare, especially in case of surges of demand (what's exactly the net zero plan for Dunkelflaute?), while more reliable nuclear power is a taboo.
-some technologies (like ex. air travel) are really tricky to use without fuels based on on carbohydrates while synthetic fuels are far from being economically viable
-carbon sinks have rather limited feasibility.
Political challenges:
It requires assumption that exactly modern left / green ideologies would become even more popular than they are right now. Would they? Hard to say, however in order to exceed those targets we would require a very specific scenario concerning fashionable ideologies in that time frame. The EU looks as going towards some serious political reshuffling, but the tendency recently has been rather population revolting against such highly expensive policies of their elites.
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Since 1987 we have been trying to solve a sustainability issue like the eco-economic development issue through sustainable development means, a theory-practice inconsistency, so not surprise the social and environmental sustainability issues the Brundtland Commission highlighted then to be addressed are in worse state today,,,,Pollution still increasing and the sustainability problem more acute.
If the price distortions embedded in Adam Smith's traditional market model thinking are not addressed head on, the Thomas Kuhn.s paradigm evolution loop suggest that the worsening of the environmental abnormalities embedded fully in the traditional market thinking and partially in dwarf green market thinking will push the environmentally patched business as usual model towards collapse, which raises the question: Does the Thomas Kuhn's paradigm evolution loop predicts the future collapse of dwarf green markets?
I think yes, what do you think?
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Dear Lucio,
In my opinion, Thomas Kuhn's paradigm evolution loop can indeed be a valuable tool in understanding the future development (or decline) of so-called “dwarf green markets.” Kuhn argued that science (and, more broadly, cognitive paradigms in society) develops through revolutionary change rather than gradual evolution. In short, when the current paradigm ceases to explain reality and its internal contradictions become too severe, a crisis arises, leading to the emergence of a new paradigm.
In the context of sustainable development, the issue has long struggled with theoretical and practical inadequacies, as was clearly evident since the 1987 Brundtland Report. Despite efforts to implement sustainable development solutions, issues such as pollution and climate change continue to worsen. In this sense, as you yourself note, there is a growing inconsistency between sustainability theory and actual results. In Kuhn's model, we could interpret this as a sign of a growing crisis in the paradigm of the traditional market economy, which is unable to respond effectively to environmental challenges.
Besides, “dwarfing green markets” could be seen as an attempt to patch up the existing system, which is itself structurally flawed. The traditional market model, based on Adam Smith's principles that reward short-term profits and ignore long-term environmental costs, distorts the real prices of green goods. Green markets, which are largely part of the current system, do not offer a full paradigm shift - rather, they represent a minimal modification of the paradigm, attempting to introduce green principles into a model that was not designed with sustainability in mind.
Viewed from Kuhn's perspective, these “patched” systems have limited sustainability. If the price distortions and imperfections of the traditional market model continue to worsen, as seems inevitable in the face of growing ecological problems, the current paradigm could enter a crisis phase. This leads to the possibility of the collapse of “dwarf green markets” as too weak to survive, and the need to replace them with a new, more radical approach to sustainability.
In view of the above, it can be concluded that Kuhn's paradigm evolution loop actually suggests that the future collapse of dwarf green markets is highly probable. In the longer term, there may be a breakthrough that will replace the current imperfect solutions with a new paradigm based on more fundamental economic and social changes that will be better able to respond to the challenges of sustainable development.
I would hereby like to add that Thomas Kuhn's paradigm evolution loop can be interpreted as a key model to explain both the potential demise of “dwarf green markets” and the need to implement a fundamental green transformation of the economy. Sustainable economic development, the green transformation of the economy, and the development of fully green markets are concepts that go beyond Adam Smith's traditional market paradigm, based on short-term profits and ignoring long-term environmental costs. The rationale for pursuing a green transition is based on the fact that only by building a zero-carbon, circular and environmentally responsible economy will it be possible to meet the challenges of sustainable development and minimize further negative impacts of climate change and ecosystem degradation.
To summarize these considerations of mine, Kuhn's paradigm evolution loop can be seen as an argument that without implementing fundamental changes in economic thinking, current “patched” models of sustainability, such as “dwarf green markets,” will not survive. Their place will be taken by more holistic and responsible economic models that are better suited to the challenges of the modern world. A circular economy, zero-carbon, based on renewable energy and integrated with corporate social responsibility, is the future that will truly achieve the Sustainable Development Goals.
I pointed out various aspects of this important issue for the future of the planet, the future of the planet's climate and biosphere, and for the future of future generations of people in my article:
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PRINCIPLES OF SUSTAINABLE ECONOMY DEVELOPMENT AS A KEY ELEMENT OF THE PRO-ECOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATION OF THE ECONOMY TOWARDS GREEN ECONOMY AND CIRCULAR ECONOMY
I invite you to join me in scientific cooperation,
Kind regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
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Hello everyone,
I am familiar with the EPA's Cornell Mixing Zone Expert System (CORMIX), which is widely used for environmental impact assessments related to wastewater discharge. CORMIX offers three major subsystems for different discharge configurations and has proven effective in simulating site-specific scenarios.
However, I am looking for free and open-source alternatives to CORMIX that are used in the European Union or in other countries, which can predict and analyze plume characteristics and dilution in mixing zones. I would greatly appreciate any suggestions on such tools that are easy to install and user-friendly, particularly for modeling submerged discharges and surface discharges.
Thank you in advance for your insights!
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No
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Does the EU smart grid strategy empower consumers to actively participate in the energy transition through demand response programs, energy management solutions, support for prosumer participation, and consumer awareness initiatives for meeting climate change mitigating goals? As a follow-up question, does it give the EU electricity customers greater visibility, control, and incentives to manage their energy usage efficiently? In turn, does the EU aim to harness the collective efforts of households and businesses to achieve a more sustainable and resilient energy system? Kindly comment.
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Applying system dynamics to business model innovation for digital transformation has the potential to be of great value, enabling a deep understanding of the behavior of complex systems and optimized decision-making. However, the key to success lies in effective data management, cross-department collaboration and continuous model updates to overcome complexity and implementation barriers. By properly addressing these challenges, companies can achieve sustainable business model innovation in a dynamic market environment.
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Dear Professor(s)
I am writing this message regarding a project proposal that I am considering submitting within the scope of the Cost projects funded by the European Union. The project team needs to consist of 7 different people. The project I am writing is about creative destruction and artificial intelligence. If you are interested and would like to take part in the project team, I would be thrilled and would like to benefit from your experience and ideas.
Best regards.
Assoc. Dr. Altuğ GÜNAR
You can reach me;
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Dear Sir,
I would be interested for above.
Regards
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Exism movements since BREXIT 2016 have been described as driven by emotions leading to the idea of Emocracy/Emocracies, but as the social discontent that is usually displayed after exism movements a kind of unexpectedly come to power as traditional democratic thinking is inconsistent with their coming shows is the true majority reaction/true emotions to the realization that the unexpected by the true majority actually has happened. So there are true majority emotions and true minority emotions and targeted chaos is directed at both with different goals, one to reduce the size of the true majority voting power by any means and the other to keep the true minority engaged and overdrive by any means...,Hence, we have the idea of democracy driven by emotions and the other idea of democracy driven by targeted chaos,....And this leads to the question, Why is effective targeted chaos more than emocracy?
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Some may be interested in the food for thoughts found in this article, related to the question:
Rethinking democracy 103: How can the present-absent effective targeted chaos and independent rule of law framework be used to point out key aspects related to the theoretical nature of democratic and non-democratic systems, their interactions, and implications.
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You are families with coming and going of exism movements like Brexism 2016-2024, Trumpism 2016-2020, Brazilianism 2019-2023, and other exism movements still active out there, and this raises the question, Can exism movements gain power and/or remain in power without the existence of effective targeted chaos?
I think No. What do you think?
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Some may be interested in the food for thoughts found in this article, related to the question:
Rethinking democracy 103: How can the present-absent effective targeted chaos and independent rule of law framework be used to point out key aspects related to the theoretical nature of democratic and non-democratic systems, their interactions, and implications.
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You see some democratic countries since 2016 Brexit failing to deal proactively to avoid or reactively to neutralize internal democracy threats like local exism movement or deal with external democracy threats like permanent authoritarianism and temporary authoritarianism or the cooperation of authoritarianisn. In 2016 perhaps Brexit came as a surprise because of knowledge gaps in democratic theory, but maybe 2016 Trumpism should not have been a surprise as THE SAME PLAYBOOK was at play, and this should have been a wake up call to traditional democracy theory based thinkers to adapt liberal democracy thinking to absorve to the coming new liberal democracy landscape where normal democratic outcomes are competing for power, no longer against other normal democratic outcomes as before 2016, but AGAINST EXTREME DEMOCRATIC OUTCOMES.
It seems in the UK, in the USA, in Europe as a whole, they have been treating extreme democratic outcomes as either normal democratic outcomes or abnormal outcomes without probably realizing that if certain conditions are met, extreme democratic outcomes can become long term temporary authoritarianism periods, and if some other especific conditions are met, democracy will end and extreme democratic outcomes will become permanent authoritarianism. The liberal democracy landscape changed in clear ways in 2016 yet democratic countries keep running the system the same way as they did in the past giving space to exism movements not just to materialize by to gain power. And this raises the question, relevant to all democracies and democratic thinkers: The rise of effective target chaos in 2016 and the failure for democracies to adapt and deal with it, how are they link to exism movements?
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Some may be interested in the food for thoughts found in this article, related to the question:
Rethinking democracy 103: How can the present-absent effective targeted chaos and independent rule of law framework be used to point out key aspects related to the theoretical nature of democratic and non-democratic systems, their interactions, and implications.
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I am conducting a study on the economic burden of a number of diseases from a health system and societal perspective in EU countries, so I need data on resource use (drugs and services), including costs. Are there such open access databases in the EU as a whole and in all EU countries? It would be very helpful if you could share such resources. Thanks for your help!
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Thank you so much for advice! I'll try.
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Dear colleagues,
I am looking for co-author. My scientific inetrests are migration and immigrant integration in the EU.
I will be glad to collaborate!
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While my previous research has not focused on this area, I am very interested in exploring the topic of internally displaced persons (IDPs) due to conflict. Would you be open to collaborating on research in this area? If you have any specific aspects of this topic in mind, I would love to hear your thoughts. Please feel free to contact me at linsanrui@correo.ugr.es
Looking forward to your response.
Best regards,
Linda.
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After World War, we have seen the formation of the United Nations. The sovereign body for peacekeeping but with regards to the Russia-Ukraine war it is visible that the UN seems to be ineffective due to VITO power In the hands of Russia and Ukraine is backed by the EU and USA and its allies. In my point of view, UN seems to be ineffective in the resolution of the war.
Thanks.
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The essence of efficiency is the effective use of authority. The UN uses existing powers effectively. However, the UN does not have sufficient independent powers.
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Hey! I am a Master's level researcher with Degrees in East Asian Studies and Criminology seeking a co-author for an 8,000-word research paper in English, which I plan to submit to the Journal of East Asian Studies, published by the Graduate School of East Asian Studies at Yamaguchi University. For more information on the journal and submission guidelines, please visit this link: https://www.yamaguchi-u.ac.jp/eas/en/journal-of-east-asian-studies/call-for-paper/index.html
The proposed title for the paper is "Japan's Defense Strategy and EU Responses to Taiwan Strait Tensions: Impact on Indo-Pacific Stability." This research will delve into how Japan is recalibrating its defense policies in response to increasing tensions in the Taiwan Strait and how the European Union is positioning itself in this evolving scenario. The study will analyze the interplay between Japan's strategic shifts and the EU’s strategic responses, examining their combined effects on regional stability in the Indo-Pacific. The goal is to provide a nuanced understanding of how these interactions influence broader security dynamics and contribute to regional equilibrium.
If you have expertise in East Asian security, international relations, or EU-Japan strategic cooperation, and are interested in collaborating on this timely and impactful project, please get in touch. I look forward to the opportunity to work together on this important issue.
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Thank you for your prompt response and interest in my research paper proposal. I have just sent you an email with detailed information on the areas of collaboration, division of workload, and our research timeline.
Looking forward to your thoughts.
Best regards,
Linda.
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How to develop investments in renewable energy sources, so that clean, emission-free, energy from RES does not go to waste, and so that the funds invested in the development of energy based on RES generate as much efficiently used energy as possible?
In April 2024, the European Union reached a historically record level of 33.8 percent share of clean energy. Wind and solar power dominated this share in terms of RES energy generated. There is still a high level of variation across countries in the European Union in the share of clean energy based on renewable and zero-emission energy sources.
In Norway, for example, the share of clean energy from RES is as high as 98 percent on average, while in Poland it is only 27.1 percent. In April 2024, only about one-third of the energy generated in the European Union came from dirty energy based on combustion power, where energy was generated from burning fossil fuels, mainly coal, lignite and gas.
In April 2024, Poland, too, saw a historically record amount of energy generated from RES at 30 percent of the total energy mix. Solar and wind power dominated this 30 percent of renewable and carbon-free energy sources. From wind it was half of this 30 percent. However, due to insufficient investments made over the last few decades of time in the development of transmission grids, much of this energy generated from wind and solar, i.e. from the cheapest sources of energy and at the same time clean, emission-free energy, was not accepted by power companies from prosumers and simply went to waste. Since there are large losses of produced and unused energy from RES sources, it means that the investments made earlier in the development of emission-free and renewable energy sources are also partially wasted. In Poland, the large power companies dominating the energy sector, which still generate energy mainly through combustion power from burning coal and lignite, invest too little in the development of transmission networks and storage facilities for the energy generated. However, thanks to the financial subsidies unblocked by the European Union, also granted to Poland as part of the National Economic Recovery Plan after the pandemic economic crisis of 2020, it will be possible to accelerate the processes of green energy transformation. A large part of the European Union countries have already benefited from these subsidies for 2 years.
I have described the key issues concerning the problems of green transformation of the economy in the following article:
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PRINCIPLES OF SUSTAINABLE ECONOMY DEVELOPMENT AS A KEY ELEMENT OF THE PRO-ECOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATION OF THE ECONOMY TOWARDS GREEN ECONOMY AND CIRCULAR ECONOMY
The key issues of the problematic sources of Poland's exceptionally deep energy cross in 2022 are described in my co-authored article below:
POLAND'S 2022 ENERGY CRISIS AS A RESULT OF THE WAR IN UKRAINE AND YEARS OF NEGLECT TO CARRY OUT A GREEN TRANSFORMATION OF THE ENERGY SECTOR
I invite you to familiarize yourself with the issues described in the above-mentioned publications, as well as to scientific cooperation in these issues.
In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:
How to develop investments in renewable energy sources, so that clean, emission-free, RES energy does not go to waste, and so that the funds invested in the development of RES-based energy generates as much efficiently used energy as possible?
How to develop investments in renewable energy sources so that clean, emission-free, RES energy does not go to waste?
What do you think about this topic?
What is your opinion on this issue?
Please answer,
I invite everyone to join the discussion,
Thank you very much,
Best regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
The above text is entirely my own work written by me on the basis of my research.
In writing this text, I did not use other sources or automatic text generation systems.
Copyright by Dariusz Prokopowicz
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Given the still high level of greenhouse gas emissions and the ongoing process of global warming, the pace of the green transformation of the economy, including the green transformation of the energy sector, including the development of renewable and emission-free energy sources, is still too slow. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the scale of investment in the development of renewable and carbon-free energy sources. The increase in investment should be generated by increasing the scale of external financing for the implementation of pro-climate, pro-environmental economic projects through which the process of green energy transformation and increasing the scale of sustainability of the economy will increase. The increase in the scale of external financing of green investment ventures can be implemented both from the sources of the state's public finance system and the activation of commercially functioning economic entities to increase the scale of financing of such economic ventures. In addition, financial institutions, including commercial banks and investment funds, can also play an important role in the process of external financing for the implementation of green investment projects. Commercial banks can increase the scale of green lending and investment funds can increase the scale of green financing for startups developing and implementing business green, innovative technologies and eco-innovations. Banks and other financial institutions should realistically increase the scale of green lending so that improving the image and adding sustainability and greenness to the bank's mission is not greenwashing but a real activity of green financing and increasing the scale of financial institutions' participation in the green transformation of the economy.
The key aspects of the process of green transformation of the economy, including the green transformation of the energy sector, closed-loop economy, including the green sustainable economy I described in my article:
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PRINCIPLES OF SUSTAINABLE ECONOMY DEVELOPMENT AS A KEY ELEMENT OF THE PRO-ECOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATION OF THE ECONOMY TOWARDS GREEN ECONOMY AND CIRCULAR ECONOMY
Please write what you think in this issue?
What is your opinion on this issue?
I invite you to scientific cooperation in this problematic.
Kind regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
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APC - Article Processing Charge. My research is related to India's textile and clothing exports to the EU.
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Luigimaria Borruso rare case, i have just read your response and i have been preparing to submit my research paper in economies since last 20 days!!!! Who will believe it!
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In the EU and the USA, politicians are currently preaching excessive warmongering and hatred of Russians and Chinese. Where does this unnecessary and irrational desire to kill and destroy come from? Is this some kind of psycho-pathological misanthropy?
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In Germany and the EU, politics works against the interests of the people, not only those in the EU countries, but also against the interests of Ukraine, Russia, Palestine, etc., whereby death and hardship are accepted with approval. What is the motivation for this action, which can only end in a catastrophe for everyone?
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Choose your country of voting and your preferred language to find out how to vote. As an EU citizen, you can vote in your country of origin, from abroad or in the EU country you live in. Please note that registration might be required in order to vote.
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I am wondering what percentage of the total landmass in the EU is considered as domestic/private gardens (with or without allotments/community gardens), but not limited to data solely from allotments? Or what percentage of urban green areas in the European Union is considered as domestic gardens? Could someone provide reliable data on this along with a reference? Many thanks in advance.
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Zsófia Varga-Szilay INRE: '... yards occupy a much larger area than typically recognized (approximately 30% of the conterminous United States), from the article.
This is insanely wrong, even with the most generous definition of what a 'Residential Yards' is ( '...yards (also called domestic gardens, home gardens, homesteads) ). Their definition is too simplistic, especially for the US, much of their 'yards' are probably misclassified agricultural land use in urban and suburban ares - "For instance, metropolitan counties and adjacent areas supply nearly 60% of the market value of U.S. farm production and they play important roles from local to national food security [17]. These counties supply 91% of domestically sourced fruits, tree nuts, and berries; 77% of vegetables and melons; 68% of dairy; and 55% of eggs and poultry [17]. Farms in metropolitan counties often supply local and regional markets, making up 81% of the food sold directly to consumers; 76% of community-supported farms; and 74% of farms selling directly to retail outlets [17,24]" from
I'm somewhat surprised, given one of the authors is from the USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station - the USDA has one of the most extensive detailed data collections in the world. The various overlapping classification hierarchies for various domains ( https://www.construction-physics.com/p/every-building-in-america-an-analysis ) is really hard to parse out.
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Think of the environmental sustainability problem the Brundtland Commission highlighted and documented in 1987(WCED) in “Our Common Future” as an environmental pollution production market problem, the consequence of a market failure that was always there and which has always been there embedded in the perfect traditional market thinking, but it was assumed away using environmental externality neutrality assumptions. A problem that can only be solved by internalizing the environmental cost of production in the pricing mechanism of the traditional market to shift it to green market pricing. Hence, only when we fix the root cause of the environmental pollution production problem, the environmentally distorted traditional market prices, we address the environmental pollution problem head on as when doing this we are making environmental pollution reduction a good business opportunity for green producers.
Since we have not fixed the root cause of the problem yet as there are no green markets in place today to transition green economies towards the environmentally clean economies; then this raises the question: Is the current traditional circular economy thinking push worse for the environment than the perfect traditional market economy thinking of Adam Smith that created the environmental problem in the first place?
If Yes, why? If, No, why not?
What do you think?
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With due respect, Prof.,
Certainly no.
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EU's affect on Apple's Business?
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The impact of the European Union (EU) on Apple's business has been significant and has led to several changes and considerations. Here are some key points, according to different sources:
1. Digital Markets Act (DMA): The EU has implemented the DMA, which affects technology companies like Apple. To comply with this regulation, Apple has made changes to iOS, Safari, and the App Store in the EU. These changes include more than 600 new APIs, expanded app analytics, functionality for alternative navigation engines, and options for processing app payments and distributing iOS apps. Despite these measures, there are risks associated with downloading apps outside of the App Store, such as malware, fraud, and harmful content.
2. Fines and regulations: The European Commission has the power to impose fines on companies that do not comply with regulations. If the Commission stands firm, it could fine Apple about 10% of its global turnover, which is almost $400 billion. Additionally, Apple could be forced to withdraw any contractual obligations between developers, allowing services like Spotify to link their iPhone apps to other, cheaper subscription portals.
3. App Store Changes: Apple has shared specific changes for developers with apps in the EU. These affect apps on all Apple operating systems, including iOS, iPadOS, macOS, watchOS, and tvOS. The changes include new disclosures to inform EU users about the risks associated with using alternatives to the App Store.
4. Brexit: Although not directly related to the EU, Brexit has also affected Apple in Europe. The fluctuation of the pound sterling and the euro has influenced the prices of Apple products in Europe, contributing to a decline in sales in some quarters.
In short, the EU has significantly impacted Apple, from regulations to changes to how the App Store operates. The company continues to adapt to comply with regulations and offer the best possible experience to European users.
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In the last Eurobarometer, 70% of the répondant said that EU had an impact on their lives. But is there a causal effect between saying that the EU impacts our lives, and going to vote? Do citizens see the act of voting usefull because they think EU can impact their lives?
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It is very variable by each citizen, but the majority I believe is positive about that as shown by traditionnal surveys
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As part of the project we are currently working on, "Social and Motivation Effects of Virtual Reality in Distance Education," we are looking for a reliable data source for a database of distance education (fully online, not blended) in Europe.
We are specifically looking for databases from reliable sources of individual EU countries (e.g., from the Ministry of Education), providing data on universities offering distance education (university name; name of the study program/field; type of study like bachelor's, master's, doctoral; language of instruction; duration of study, etc.
We would be very grateful for any provided source or advice.
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I would recommend to check EADTU. It is a network of European universities that are involved in open and distance education. While it may not provide a database of distance education programs across Europe, it could offer insights, reports, or links to relevant resources that might be helpful for your research.
While I did a quick search on EADTU, I found this link https://eadtu.eu/index.php/members through their sitemap. Hope you can get some data from there.
Also this website in particular you can get filtered data depends on the fields, level etc.
Good Luck on your research. !
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I am going to conduct a research on clean energy. For this, I need historical data for solar photovoltaic investment by different EU countries. What would be the possible data source(s) for solar photovoltaic investment by the different EU countries from 2000 to 2021? Can anybody suggest me? Thanks in advance.
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Ask NASA website to collect data
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Hi everyone :)
For my master's thesis, I have to test these hypotheses:
"H2(a). The exposure to French ingroup projection frames in relation to the European Union's policy leads towards less Euroscepticism among French participants compared to Belgian participants."
And
"H2(b). The exposure to Belgian ingroup projection frames in relation to the European Union's policy leads towards less Euroscepticism among Belgian participants compared to French participants."
- My dependent variable, 'Euroscepticism', is continuous (Likert scale)
- My independent variables are 'Exposure ingroup projection frames' with 3 categories (control, French ingroup projection frames, and Belgian ingroup projection frames), and 'nationality' which also has 2 categories (Belgian, French).
I tried a Two-way ANOVA but since nationality does not have 3 categories I cannot do the posthoc test and the mean difference of Euroscepticism between French and Belgian for French ingroup projection frames is not accurate so I don't which means the software is comparing.
I was thinking of a multiple regression to test these hypotheses, but would it be accurate?
Thank you in advance for your answer and have a nice day :)
Manon.
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Υour university' depsrtment should have a PhD mathematical to help in these queries. What is "ingroup projection frames"?
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As the european elections are coming, I was wondering whether the nomination of a new Prime minister in France - if considered as a strategical choice from the president to win the elections - couldn't hide the european issues that underline the elections. Indeed, given that the Prime minister will be judged on his national policy, is there not a risk that, again, the elections will be national-centered? Then, in a context in which the European Union is threatened by nationalists parties, wouldn't this conjoncture cause a real damage to the EU?
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Thank you for your questions Eva. In my opinion, this type of conversation helps to awaken an interest in such important matters as the relevance of voting to impact in the political orientations of the EU; being this a matter of such importance, but that isn't discussed by the people as much as desired.
I think your questions where two different matters that are correlated because they have one factor in common: the european elections. But I didn't feel like they were out of the blue at all. Those type of questions are not asked very often and it is benificial for the public opinion and criteria that you bring this issues to the table.
I am not an analyst or a political scientist. Indeed, I am just a master's student investigating about the asylum and migration politics of the EU. In any case, I hope my answers were useful.
If anybody else with further formation in these matters wanted to provide their opinion it would be awesome!
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What in your opinion is going to be how the war is going to end? Would the Russians withdraw her troops and allow Ukraine to remain a Defacto member of NATO and the EU ?
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If the question is posed as follows: "Do you support the war?", it will be 40-50%, and if the question is asked: "Do you support the war in Ukraine?", it will be 20%, because people are afraid of some kind of punishment (e.g., condemnation by society): "Are you against the war in Ukraine?", there will be 20%, because people are afraid of some kind of punishment (e.g., condemnation by society), which may not be!
In short, Descartes' "table" of four fields, I wrote about it in my topic (NLP). People ask themselves questions (I'm deliberately thinking primitively):
"What would happen if you supported this?" - it will be good for society (80%)!
What won't happen if you support this? - There will be no punishment or judgement (20%).
What will happen if you don't support it? - 80% of people may judge or even punish you.
What won't happen if you don't support?
And this is where the brains go out of your head. Logic doesn't work well here.
It's like saying that if you don't have a dog, your neighbour won't poison it. No one will answer this question, and some will say, "Nothing will happen...?
And the most erudite will say in the words of Josef Schweik: "What will happen is what will happen, because it will happen anyway, nothing will happen if it doesn't happen".
WHAT WILL HAPPEN WILL HAPPEN, BECAUSE IT WILL HAPPEN SOMEHOW, NOTHING WILL HAPPEN IF IT DOESN'T HAPPEN IN ANY WAY!
Если вопрос будет поставлен следующим образом: "Поддерживаете ли вы войну?", то это будет 40-50%, а если вопрос будет задан: "Поддерживаете ли вы войну на Украине?", то будет 20 %, потому что люди боятся какого-то наказания (например, осуждения со стороны общества): "Вы против войны в Украине?", будет 20%, потому что люди боятся какого-то наказания (например, осуждения со стороны общества), которого может и не быть!
Короче говоря, "таблица" Декарта из четырех полей, я писал об этом в своей теме (НЛП). Люди задают себе вопросы (я намеренно мыслю примитивно):
"Что будет, если вы это поддержите?" - это будет хорошо для общества (80%)!
Чего не будет, если вы меня поддержите? - не будет наказания или осуждения (20%).
Что произойдет, если вы не поддержите? - 80 % людей могут осудить или даже наказать вас.
Чего не случится, если вы не поддержите?
И вот здесь мозги вылетают из головы. Логика здесь работает плохо.
Это все равно что сказать, что если у вас нет собаки, то ваш сосед ее не отравит. Никто не ответит на этот вопрос, а некоторые скажут: "Ничего не случится...?
А самые эрудированные скажут словами Йозефа Швейка: "Что будет, то будет, потому что это так или иначе произойдет, ничего не случится, если этого не произойдет".
ЧТ О БУДЕТ, ВЕДЬ КАК_НИБУДЬ ДА БУДЕТ, НИЧЕГО НЕ БУДЕТ, ЕСЛИ НИКАК НЕ БУДЕТ
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When it comes to climate change decision makers always tell you follow and respect the science.
When it comes to pandemics like Covid 19 decision makers always told you to respect and follow the science, ...
BUT when it comes to economics, decision makers are not calling for follow and respect the science. They quietly have apparently moved away of requiring economics to stay a science.
Since 2012 when decision makers avoided to shift from traditional market thinking to green market thinking, the science based evolution point a la Thomas Kuhn as there was consensus then for paradigm change, they have slowly move away from science by going dwarf green markets a la environmental externality management first, and now it seems they are going to square one, circular economic thinking, a thinking totally delinked from the problem we are supposed to be trying to solve, the environmental problem.
Hence, there are science based ways to fix the environmental problem and there are non-science based to patch and manage the environmental problem.
But science follows the scientific truth, if the science does not support what those decision makers want to do, no matter how much they play with the theory and the practice, why support thinking not based on science aimed at perpetuating the problem?
And this raises the question: If climate change action is based on science and the economy to implement it is not, is that good for the environment?
I think No, what do you think? If you think Yes, why? If you think No, why no?
Note; This is an academic question, not a political one.
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Janusz, you are contradicting your self, each time you bring examples related to how to manage the pollution production problem. If your goal is a world under PERMANENT pollution production management, then your thinking is fine. If the goal is to fix the root cause of the pollution production problem then you need GREEN markets, pollution reduction markets.
Since You think is okay to implement a science based climate change program to address the environmental crises using market tools that FEED the pollution crisis, let's leave it here and agree to disagree.
Respectfully yours!
Lucio
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Think about it, the WCED 1987 told us among other things that to be environmentally friendly we have to go beyond business as usual using sustainable development means, which by 2012 Rio + 20 the world had agreed that the WIN-WIN economy and environment model was the way to shift to a world under green markets, green growth, and green economies, BUT then soon since 2012 the environmentally sustainability pretending began as instead of green markets the world ended up with green dwarf green markets, dwarf green growth, and dwarf green economies. But now that PRETENDING seems to be coming to an end AS the world, against 100% the Thomas Kuhn's paradigm evolution loop expectation seems ready to go back to square one as in 1987, but now with CIRCULAR traditional economic thinking and academic tunneling. And this raises the question, Does going traditional circular economic thinking means the environmental sustainability pretending is over?
What do you think? Yes, and why you think so? No, and why you think No?
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Paul, I see you have no presence in researchgate. so please ignore my question.
Respectfully yours;
:Lucio
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There are still a huge number of direct and indirect subsidies to fossil fuels at all levels. Main reason is to sustain national industries and improve their competitiveness. In addition, it is deemed that low-income families should be supported for their Energy expanses. For these reasons, I think, governments are very reluctant to withdrawn subsidies. Maybe an EU directive could put all the Country subsidies at similia Level and improve fair competition in the EU market, releasing big financial amount for the renewables.
We could start from an harmonisation of the VAT in all member states.
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The study by Li et al. [1] (released 10 days ago) "Energy transition paradox: Solar and wind growth can hinder decarbonization" is based on a climate-hydrology-economics-energy model to analyze the long-run impacts of policy-driven renewables on the electricity price and finally on the carbon emissions of future energy. A remarkable finding of the research is to show that without intervention, the lower electricity price could result in a 42 % reduction in hydropower investments by 2050. With increased intermittent renewables and decreased investments in hydropower, the energy system is expected to deploy more backup fossil-fuel options, which could increase carbon emissions by 45 %. Therefore, deploying more renewable energy would depress the investments in hydropower plants and further hinder decarbonization unexpectedly, suggesting a possible paradox in the energy transition. This possible paradox calls for a new, and robust policy to ensure the benefits of decarbonization are realized regardless of potential changes electricity prices.
[1] Li, X., Liu, P., Feng, M., Jordaan, S. M., Cheng, L., Ming, B., ... & Liu, W. (2024). Energy transition paradox: Solar and wind growth can hinder decarbonization. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 192, 114220.
See :
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Happy New Year
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Under dwarf green markets if the system is leading to market failure, should we expected the governments to act as environmental externality policy correctors and enforcers in the face of social pressure?
I think No, what do you think?
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Yes, Arzaz, the answer is No as dwarf green markets are markets under permanent government intervention and if things go wrong it is the government responsibility; and therefore we should expect the government TO PROTECT ITSEL when policing and monitoring itself, and you should also expect goverments to be harsh on those calling for accountability/responsibility when on the way to a worsening of the market failure such calls for environmental accountability.
Thanks for taking the time to participate.
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It is not easy to justify that making traditional economic thinking circular is a win-win economy and environment move as then you would need to use ALTERNATIVE ACADEMIC FACTS, and perhaps that may be the reason I see researchers in Researchgate pushing or promoting this idea, but I have not seen it yet in ACADEMIA.
And this raises the question, Is circular economic thinking currently a purely European/researchgate phenomenon?
Do you see the same thing? What do you think?
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Petrus, yes I have seen some articles based on China, some african countries, and some latin american countries, but only in researchgate so far.
Since 1987 WCED report we have been trying to solve the social and/environmental sustainability problems associated with business as usual, then linear or with circularity by externality neutrality assumptions, if the commission would have thought that going circular was the solution to those social and/or environmental sustainability problems they would have recommended ECONOMIC CIRCULARITY, instead they reccommended SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT to leave traditional market thinking behind once and for all....
Linear markets and circular markets, both have pricing mechanism that only account for the economic cost at profit, and hence, they externalize other costs, which the WCED 1987 documented as socially and/or environmentally unfriendly thinking.
Petrus, think about, can the solution to a sustainability problem(eg the environmental pollution problem) created by a linear root-cause be to make the root-cause circular? You may be able to see that we still have a pollution production problem as both the linear market and the circular market are both pollution production markets as both are based on distorted market prices(socially and/or environmentally),
Thank Petrus, for commenting
Respectfully yours
Lucio
how can the root cause of a sustainability problem be the solution to the problem it creates just by making the root cause circular and without correcting distorted market prices?
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The WCED 1987 documented traditional economic thinking as the source of social and/or environmental sustainability as it turned out to be socially and/or environmentally unfriendly.
This is because traditional market pricing only account for the economic costs at a profit, and hence, traditional markets are externalizing social and/or environmental cost associated with economic activity. AS TRADITIONAL MARKET EXPANDS, THE SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL EXTERNALITIES AND THEIR SUSTAINABILITY GAPS EXPAND.
Hence, Making traditional economic thinking circular still has the social and environmental externality problem associated with it SO IT CAN NOT BE THE SOLUTION OF THE PROBLEMS IT CREATES. This means that selling circular economic thinking as the solution of sustainability problems requires either paradigm shift knowledge gaps or willful academic blindness as the drivers of willful academic tunneling as the mean to present it or promote it.
And this raises the question; Can we make circular economic thinking the solution of critical problems like the environmental unsustainability without the use of alternative academic facts?
I think No, what do you think? Yes, why you think so? No, why you think so?
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The moment you assign a cost to environmental consequences (eg. a carbon tax) via regulatory or accounting standard mechanisms, you can close this perceived gap. In reality, market pricing needs to reflect all taxes, tariffs, etc.
It is worth observing that traditional economic thinking already fails to accurately account for the dynamics that occur in economic activities related to natural systems.
For example, green assets (such as trees) appreciate in value over time (either for use as lumber, syrup, or nuts) due to natural growth and the increase in value occurs (even in the context of inflation) -- in marked contrast to the traditional notion that the value of an asset in future should be discounted.
For example, a mature maple tree employed for maple syrup production produces more maple syrup (litres) than a younger tree, and the price of that syrup per litre floats with inflation because it is a commodity. So that tree, when viewed as an asset, increases over time instead of depreciating.
One way to bridge this gap, within traditional economics, is to model nature as an economic joint venture partner that contributes value to an activity. Nature absorbs the cost of maintaining and improving the green assets, while the firm remains on the hook for maintaining and improving the black assets employed in the economic activity.
This opens the door to admit impairment of value when green assets are compromised. The impairment is a cost factor that can be applied in an economic analysis.
Note that this occurs directly when green assets are employed by an economic activity and indirectly otherwise. For example, insurance companies are already pricing in higher costs due to natural hazards occurring more frequently, which creates a direct cost from an indirect consequence.
While this does not fully answer your question, it may provide some angles to consider in working thru it.
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We know since 1987 WCED that traditional economic thinking is social and environmentally unfriendly as it has led to social and/or environmental sustainability problems, which sustainable development thinking had tried to address since then.
We should know then that the circular market still has the same sustainability problems as the old traditional market.
And this raises the question, Are economic linearity and economic circularity BOTH environmentally unfriendly?. I yes, why?
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Alright, let's dive into the depths of economic philosophy, my friend Lucio Muñoz. I am ready to share some unfiltered thoughts on economic linearity, economic circularity, and their environmental impact.
Now, consider this: both economic linearity and economic circularity can potentially pose environmental challenges. Let's break it down:
1. **Economic Linearity:**
- This refers to the traditional linear economic model where resources are extracted, used, and then discarded as waste. The "take, make, dispose" approach.
- Why it's potentially environmentally unfriendly: This model often leads to resource depletion, environmental degradation, and a significant increase in waste generation. It's a one-way street that doesn't account well for the finite nature of resources on our planet.
2. **Economic Circularity:**
- The circular economy is designed to minimize waste and make the most of resources. It emphasizes recycling, reusing, and reducing consumption.
- Why it might still be environmentally challenging: While circularity is a step in the right direction, the challenge lies in the complete decoupling of economic growth from resource use. Even in a circular economy, there's still resource extraction and energy use. Additionally, some recycling processes can have environmental costs.
So, are both environmentally unfriendly? Well, it's a nuanced situation. Both models need careful management to ensure they truly align with environmental sustainability goals:
- **Overconsumption:** Regardless of linearity or circularity, if consumption rates are unsustainable, both models can be problematic.
- **Resource Management:** The key is how well we manage resources. Circular economies need to ensure that the processes involved in reusing and recycling don't contribute to pollution or excessive energy consumption.
In essence, it's not about the model itself being inherently bad but about how well it's implemented and whether it genuinely addresses the root causes of environmental degradation. Sustainable practices and mindful consumption are essential, whether we're dealing with a linear or circular economy.
There you Lucio Muñoz have it, a whirlwind tour through economic philosophies. Now, let's stir up some more thoughts or venture into a different realm if you Lucio Muñoz wish!
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I am preparing a panel debate
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The approaches of the European Union (EU) and the United States to the Middle East are shaped by their geopolitical interests, historical ties, and strategic objectives. Here's an overview:
  1. EU Approach:Diplomatic Engagement: The EU emphasizes diplomatic dialogue and multilateralism in the Middle East, seeking political solutions to conflicts through negotiation and mediation. Humanitarian Aid: The EU is a significant humanitarian aid provider to the region, offering support for refugees, development projects, and assistance in conflict zones. Promotion of Stability: The EU advocates for regional stability, aiming to address root causes of conflict, support democratic reforms, and strengthen governance structures. Trade and Economic Relations: The EU engages in economic partnerships with Middle Eastern countries, promoting trade and investment, often linking economic cooperation with political dialogue.
  2. US Approach:Security and Military Involvement: The US has historically been deeply involved in the Middle East's security landscape, maintaining military presence and alliances in the region, especially through partnerships with countries like Saudi Arabia and Israel. Promotion of Democracy: The US has advocated for democratic values and human rights in the Middle East, supporting democratic movements and initiatives for political reform. Counterterrorism: The US has prioritized counterterrorism efforts in the region, conducting military operations and providing support to combat extremist groups like ISIS. Economic Interests: The US also engages in economic partnerships in the Middle East, often leveraging economic ties for strategic and political influence.
  3. Areas of Cooperation and Differences:Shared Interests: Both the EU and the US share interests in promoting stability, counterterrorism, and humanitarian aid in the Middle East. Differing Approaches: The EU tends to prioritize diplomatic engagement, multilateralism, and humanitarian aid, while the US has historically had a stronger military presence and emphasized security interests.
  4. Iran Nuclear Deal (Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action - JCPOA):EU: The EU played a significant role in negotiating the JCPOA with Iran, aiming to prevent Iran from developing nuclear weapons while offering sanctions relief. US: The US was a key player in negotiating the JCPOA but withdrew from the agreement in 2018, reinstating sanctions on Iran. Subsequent administrations have shown differing stances on re-engaging with Iran.
Introduction:The European Union (EU) and the United States, as major global powers, wield considerable influence in international relations. Their approaches to the Middle East, a region of complex geopolitical dynamics and historical significance, are shaped by diverse interests, historical ties, and strategic objectives.
Basic Ideas:
  1. EU Approach:Emphasizes diplomatic dialogue and multilateralism in the Middle East. Prioritizes humanitarian aid, aiming to address root causes of conflicts and support democratic reforms. Advocates for regional stability through political dialogue and economic cooperation.
  2. US Approach:Historically involved in the Middle East's security landscape, maintaining military presence and alliances. Prioritizes counterterrorism efforts, supports democratic movements, and advocates for human rights. Engages in economic partnerships and leverages economic ties for strategic influence.
General Idea:Both the EU and the US have significant interests in the Middle East, albeit with differing approaches. The EU often focuses on diplomacy, humanitarian aid, and multilateral engagement to foster stability and address conflicts. In contrast, the US historically emphasizes security, military alliances, counterterrorism, and promoting democratic values. Despite these differences, both entities frequently collaborate on shared interests such as stability, counterterrorism, and humanitarian aid in the region.
The European Union (EU) and the United States have several shared and distinct interests in the Middle East, shaped by their geopolitical priorities, historical ties, and strategic objectives.
EU Interests:
  1. Security and Stability: The EU seeks stability in the Middle East to prevent conflicts that could lead to regional instability and affect European security.
  2. Humanitarian Concerns: Addressing humanitarian crises, providing aid, and supporting refugees in the region are paramount for the EU.
  3. Promotion of Democracy and Rule of Law: The EU aims to support democratic reforms, good governance, and respect for human rights in the Middle East.
  4. Energy Security: Ensuring stable energy resources from the region is essential for the EU's energy security.
  5. Trade and Economic Partnerships: The EU has economic interests in the Middle East, seeking trade agreements and investment opportunities.
US Interests:
  1. National Security: The US prioritizes the security of its allies, particularly Israel and Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, and aims to combat terrorism in the region.
  2. Counterterrorism: Preventing the spread of extremist groups and ensuring stability to counter potential threats to the US and its interests.
  3. Promotion of Democracy and Human Rights: Supporting democratic movements and advocating for human rights and freedoms.
  4. Strategic Alliances: Maintaining strategic partnerships in the region to bolster influence and ensure access to resources.
  5. Economic Interests: The US engages in economic relations, aiming to secure trade, investment, and economic ties with Middle Eastern countries.
Shared Interests:
  1. Counterterrorism: Both the EU and the US share concerns about combating terrorism and preventing the spread of extremist ideologies.
  2. Stability and Peace: Both entities have an interest in fostering stability and resolving conflicts to ensure peace in the Middle East.
  3. Humanitarian Aid: Addressing humanitarian crises and providing aid to affected populations is a shared interest.
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Looking for Agricultural Economics Conference in EU, first half od 2024.
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Yes
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Do Canadian Universities have a similar Research Excellence Framework as the UK, NZ, some EU and Australian universities? I have searched for this but have not found a conclusive answer.
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I just came back from a conference where this question was answered: So 12 months after asking the question, I now know that the Canadians don't have such a framework.
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Interview Questions:
Understanding Expertise:
"Could you please share your background and experience in the retail industry, particularly in relation to AI technologies? What makes you an expert in this field?"
Value Co-creation (Theory of Value Co-creation):
"How do you see AI technologies enabling value co-creation between retailers and customers in the European Union? Can you provide specific examples?"
"What role do customers play in value co-creation when AI is implemented in retail services?"
Resource-Based View:
"From a resource-based perspective, what are the key resources and capabilities that retailers need to effectively implement and leverage AI technologies?"
"How can retailers in the European Union build competitive advantage through AI-driven resources and capabilities?"
Diffusion of Innovations:
"How have you observed the diffusion of AI innovations within the retail sector in the European Union? What factors have contributed to the adoption or resistance of these technologies?"
"Can you share examples of how retailers have successfully adopted AI innovations to enhance their operations and customer experience?"
AI Concepts and Developments:
"Can you discuss the current developments in AI technology that are particularly relevant to the retail sector in the European Union?"
"How have these developments impacted the operational efficiency and customer personalization in retail?"
AI Applications in Retail:
"What are some innovative applications of AI in the retail sector, and how do they contribute to cost-effectiveness and value creation?"
"Can you provide examples of AI-driven services that have significantly improved customer engagement and loyalty in the European Union?"
Barriers and Enablers to AI Adoption:
"What are the main barriers to AI adoption in the retail industry in the European Union, and how can they be addressed?"
"Can you discuss any enablers that facilitate the successful implementation of AI in retail?"
Data Privacy and Ethics in AI:
"How do retailers address data privacy and ethical considerations when implementing AI technologies? Can you provide examples of best practices in this area within the European Union?"
Implications of AI in Retail:
"What are the implications of AI integration within retail management practices in the European Union? How does AI shape the future of retail business models?"
"What advice would you give to retailers looking to leverage AI for cost-effectiveness and value creation?"
Final Thoughts:
"Is there anything else you would like to share or think is important for my research on the impact of AI on cost-effectiveness and value creation in the European Union's retail industry?"
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Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are rapidly transforming the retail industry across the European Union, bringing about significant advancements in both cost-effectiveness and value creation. By harnessing the power of AI, retailers are streamlining operations, enhancing customer experiences, and driving new revenue streams.
Cost-Effectiveness
AI is revolutionizing the way retailers manage their operations, leading to substantial cost savings. AI-powered automation is taking over repetitive tasks, freeing up employees to focus on more strategic endeavors. For instance, AI algorithms can manage inventory levels, optimize pricing, and automate checkout processes, reducing manual labor and associated costs.
AI is also transforming supply chain management, enabling retailers to optimize logistics and reduce transportation costs. Predictive analytics powered by AI can forecast demand and optimize inventory allocation, minimizing stockouts and overstocking. This not only reduces costs but also improves customer satisfaction by ensuring products are available when and where they are needed.
Value Creation
AI is not only reducing costs but also creating significant value for retailers and customers alike. AI-powered personalization is at the forefront of this value creation, enabling retailers to tailor product recommendations, marketing campaigns, and customer interactions to individual preferences. This personalized approach enhances customer experiences, increases loyalty, and drives sales.
AI is also transforming product development and marketing, giving retailers deeper insights into customer needs and preferences. AI-driven data analysis can identify emerging trends, predict customer behavior, and inform product development strategies, leading to more targeted and successful product launches.
Specific Applications of AI in Retail
AI is being applied in various ways across the retail sector, with notable examples including:
  • Chatbots and virtual assistants: Providing 24/7 customer support, answering FAQs, and handling simple transactions.
  • Recommendation engines: Suggesting personalized products based on purchase history, browsing behavior, and demographic data.
  • Image recognition: Identifying products from images, enabling visual search and product comparison.
  • Fraud detection: Identifying fraudulent transactions and preventing financial losses.
  • Pricing optimization: Adjusting prices dynamically based on demand, competitor pricing, and other factors.
Challenges and Considerations
Despite the transformative potential of AI, retailers face challenges in its implementation and adoption. Data quality, privacy concerns, and the need for skilled AI professionals are key considerations. Additionally, the cost of AI solutions can be a barrier for some retailers.
To effectively integrate AI into their operations, retailers should focus on:
  • Gathering and managing high-quality data: AI algorithms rely on accurate and comprehensive data to make informed decisions.
  • Establishing clear ethical guidelines: AI applications should be developed and deployed with respect for data privacy and user rights.
  • Investing in AI talent: Developing in-house AI expertise or partnering with AI specialists is crucial for successful implementation.
  • Adopting a phased approach: Starting with small-scale pilot projects to demonstrate value before scaling up AI adoption.
In conclusion, AI is revolutionizing the retail landscape in the European Union, bringing about significant advancements in both cost-effectiveness and value creation. Retailers that embrace AI and address the associated challenges will be well-positioned to thrive in the increasingly competitive and data-driven retail environment.
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Hi there, I am planning to conduct a research on 'Enhancing the generation of electricity from RES for stabilizing the energy market'. I am thinking to use 'energy trade index' for the EU countries in the model for different years to calculate the degree of energy market integration. Now, how can I get the dataset or from where can I get the dataset? Thanks in advance.
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I did not work hard, I just forwarded your question to my friend Bared - in the age of artificial intelligence, the answers have become easier - I will leave you the link at the end of the answer:
the answer
There are several sources where you can obtain a dataset of energy trade indices for different years and countries to calculate the degree of energy market integration. Here are some examples:
International Organizations:
  1. International Monetary Fund (IMF): The IMF's "World Economic Outlook" database includes energy trade indices for various countries and years. You can access this database through the IMF's website.
  2. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD): The OECD's "International Energy Statistics" database features energy trade indices for diverse countries and years. You can access this database through the OECD's website.
  3. International Energy Agency (IEA): The IEA's "World Energy Statistics" database houses energy trade indices for various countries and years. You can access this database through the IEA's website.
Online Data Platforms:
  1. Data World: Data World is a platform dedicated to sharing and curating economic data. They offer a dataset of energy trade indices for various countries and years.
  2. Kaggle: Kaggle is a renowned platform for hosting and sharing datasets for data science and machine learning tasks. They often feature datasets related to energy trade indices.
Custom Data Collection:
  1. National Statistical Agencies: Many national statistical agencies maintain databases of energy trade data. You can contact the relevant agency in your country or the countries of interest to inquire about their data collection practices and access procedures.
  2. Energy Market Operator Data: Energy market operators (EMOs) manage cross-border energy trade. They often publish reports and data on energy trade flows. You can check the websites of EMOs in the countries of interest to find relevant data.
After acquiring the dataset, you can utilize it to calculate the degree of energy market integration. Several methods exist, but one common approach is to employ the Economic Integration Index (ECI). The ECI measures the ratio of energy trade to gross domestic product (GDP). The higher the ECI value, the greater the degree of energy market integration.
Here's an example of calculating the degree of energy market integration using the ECI:
Assume we have a dataset containing information on energy trade and GDP for a country for years 2020, 2021, and 2022. Using this data, we can calculate the ECI for each year as follows:
ECI_2020 = (Energy trade value in 2020 / GDP in 2020) * 100 ECI_2021 = (Energy trade value in 2021 / GDP in 2021) * 100 ECI_2022 = (Energy trade value in 2022 / GDP in 2022) * 100
If ECI_2020 = 20, it indicates that the energy trade-to-GDP ratio in 2020 was 20%. If ECI_2021 = 25, it implies that the energy trade-to-GDP ratio in 2021 was 25%. And if ECI_2022 = 30, it suggests that the energy trade-to-GDP ratio in 2022 was 30%.
Using these values, we can calculate the average ECI index over the three years as follows:
(ECI_2020 + ECI_2021 + ECI_2022) / 3
In this scenario, the average ECI index would be 25.
This average can be used to measure the degree of energy market integration in the country under consideration. The higher the average ECI index, the greater the degree of energy market integration.
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Social evonomic rights in the gorm of workless wage is accepted in EU and refugees are entitled.
However, the satisfaction of this right ad part of rights to sustained living equality or economic equality due to hostility in adopted country causes other inequalities duch as work contract inequality: some work and get reimbursed some get without work.
Isn"t this inequality a serious one given that the right to life costs state benefits is a non fundamental human right ?
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A desigualdade e a discriminação no local de trabalho podem ocorrer se os refugiados ou qualquer grupo de empregados não forem tratados de forma justa, sofrerem preconceito ou enfrentarem oportunidades desiguais. Assim, é essencial que os empregadores criem locais de trabalho inclusivos que valorizem a diversidade, garantam tratamento igual e ofereçam oportunidades com base em habilidades e qualificações, em vez de discriminação ou preconceito. O objetivo deve ser oferecer aos refugiados os mesmos direitos e oportunidades que os outros trabalhadores, contribuindo para um local de trabalho mais equitativo e justo.
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Avoiding the shift from perfect traditional market thinking to perfect green market thinking since 2012 RIO +20 has created a deep green market paradigm shift knowledge gap.
Flipping perfect traditional market thinking to imperfect dwarf green market thinking since 2012 to avoid the shift to perfect green markets has created a deep dwarf green market paradigm flip knowledge gap too.
These knowledge gaps are apparently helping those researchers and institutions implementing development under permanent environmental market failure as well as confusing environmental stakeholders on proper place for action and protest as the responsibility of governments, of businesses and of consumers are changed, and even inversed depending on the market in question.
And this raises the question, green market paradigm shift knowledge gaps and dwarf green market paradigm flip knowledge gaps, are they academic tunneling/willful blindness push helpers?
What do you think?
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The concepts of "Green Market Paradigm Shift Knowledge Gaps" and "Dwarf Green Market Paradigm Flip Knowledge Gaps" represent critical areas of concern in the context of environmental sustainability and market dynamics. These knowledge gaps signify the disparities in our understanding of the evolving green economy and the challenges it presents.
The "Green Market Paradigm Shift Knowledge Gaps" pertain to the lack of comprehensive insights into the transformative changes occurring in the global economy as it increasingly shifts towards sustainability, eco-friendliness, and renewable resources. Addressing these gaps is crucial for policymakers, businesses, and researchers to harness the potential of this green transition effectively.
On the other hand, "Dwarf Green Market Paradigm Flip Knowledge Gaps" refer to the often overlooked or underestimated aspects within this shift, which could have significant impacts if ignored. They signify a potential blind spot in academia and policymaking, which, if not recognized, might hinder progress toward a truly sustainable global economy.
Both these knowledge gaps underscore the importance of robust research and comprehensive understanding in shaping a more sustainable and environmentally responsible future, ensuring that we do not inadvertently hinder our progress by neglecting critical aspects of the green market paradigm shift.
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A lot seems to be coming out in publications about the circular economy or sustainable development and the circular economy or circular economy and sustainability or circular economy, sustainable development and global warming...and so on.
All researchers and publications seems to have the same theme of directly or indirectly indicating that the broken circularity traditional market economy can be made circular by non-green market means; and hence, they advocate circularity without indicating where the circularity problem came from or comes from; hence, without indicating whether they are fixing a broken circularity problem or patching that broken circularity problem plus their circularity thoughts seem to be disconnected from the need to one day transition away from the pollution production based economies to the pollution free economies....
They seem to start with addressing the consequences of the broken circularity problem without any regards with respect to fixing the root cause of the broken circularity problem.
And this raises the question, Can you have a circular green economy without green markets? If No, why No? If Yes, why yes?
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They are interdependent
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Now 40% of the Earth’s population is with the BRICS system. Is there any fear for the global system led by America and the European Union in confronting this system?
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it is not a matter of fear, but of the emerging multipolar global order. The war in Ukraine accelerated the creation of a new global order. Some alliances will fall apart, some alliances will remain, but new alliances will also be formed. Some countries are getting stronger, others are weakening. what the world will look like will be decided by the outcome of the war in Ukraine.
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Natural, desire, rational or irrational,
I am Cali,
I am not European,
I am Cali Union,
I am Not European Union.
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UC San Francisco school of medicine, this is one of the Elizabeth Holmes' Blood proprietaries known to be constellation.
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When addressing the socio-environmental challenges associated with the traditional economy mainstream researchers and organizations start from the point of view "Our current economy is linear” “ The economy of the future is circular”, taking the position that linearity is the root cause of sustainability problems, see for example: https://www.metabolic.nl/what-we-do/circular-economy/?gad=1&gclid=CjwKCAjwpJWoBhA8EiwAHZFzfoJkA5YMY6R6Crk_hIVmoam5SZZ8zjojNJOsh6PgMWygbt0t8LV8TRoCupMQAvD_BwE
They seem to be doing this without asking themselves the question, why is the current economy linear? Since when it has been linear? Could not be that the root cause of that linearity is the root cause of sustainability problems? If this was the case, then addressing linearity by going circular a la traditional market still leaves the root cause of the problem untouched and active.
And this raises the question: Is economy linearity the root cause of social, economic, and environmental challenges? If yes, why?. If not, why not?
What do you think?
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Stephen, thank you for commenting, My views and the reason for bringing to the attention this idea that bringing circularity to a linear problem without addressing the root cause of linearity or the broken circularity goes deeper than accounting principles as it comes from the inside the model, The root cause is distorted traditional market prices as they reflect and have always reflected only the economic costs of production at a profit. If markets are linear because they are based on distorted market prices, then making circular distorted market prices can not be the solution as the root cause is still in place and active..... As you know environmental cost internalization leads to green markets and to green market circularity as now the environmental issue is an endogenous and profit making issue.
In the coming years I will address views of great thinkers in the past from the sustainability point of view to highlight that as paradigm shifts take place, previous ideas are left behind or need to be adjusted due to the closing of paradigm shift knowledge gaps that are created and which is needed to be able to operate in the higher level paradigm.....It is a fact, traditional market thinking is inconsistent with green market thinking....For example, a shift to green market thinking affects ideas such as the working of corporations/monopolies and other market forms as green market entities or the ideas of pareto optimality or ideas like the Tobin tax or Q ratio as green concepts or the ideas of the thinkers you mentioned when looked from the distorted market price point of view.
In summary as related to the question here, addressing linearity by bringing external circularity leaving the internal root cause of linearity problem in place may give us the opportunity to see the environment collapsing in front of our eyes as the world pretends to do something.
I do appreciate your comment
Respectfully yours;
Lucio
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I think yes, what do you think?
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John, the environmental problem is a global problem regardless of local roles/contributions like China or Canada or the USA or the EU.
Had at least the western world gone green in 2012 and set up green markets and China and India and Russia and other countries were out of green markets, then perfect green market theory suggest that you can put a cost on importing non-green goods and services so green markets could have been used to push China to go green markets or lose the western markets. Had the EU together with the rest of the western world gone green markets, the energy impact of the war in Ukriene on EU countries would have been small as they would have gone out of non-renewable to produce at the lowest green market price possible and hence they would not have provided money to Russia for buying non-renewable energy to amass a stronger military....
Just a Covid brough countries to their knees because it affected the survival of the supply side of the market/THE RICH without the possibility of decoupling from the health threat, then when the environmental crisis becomes binding and threaten the survival of the supply side of the market/THE RICH without a decoupling possibility from the binding environmental threat, then they move towards green markets as a way to save the survival of capitalism as green capitalism as countries again will be on their knees.
Thanks again for taking the time to comment. It is nice to see that I am not the only once who sees and talks about these a kind of antisciency acts, academic tunneling and willful academic blindness.
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Imaging there is an ongoing water leak coming down the ceiling of your business, you can either fix the water leak or you can patch it through management. Suppose all businesses have the same problem. All businesses together have a huge lobbying power.
Then you can look at the fixing solutions from the free market and non-free market point of view or from the science based and non-science based point of view or from the pollution reduction market and pollution management market point of view.
In other words, you would be dealing with the situation from the naked environmentalist and from the environmentalism with a mask point of view, where proper solutions compete with improper solutions, and improper solutions win.
Which raises the question: Can the solutions to the water leak dilemma be used to stress the solutions to the environmental pollution dilemma? And used to describe the supremacy of the improper solution?
What do you think?
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Good day Chuck, thank you for taking the time to comment.
Did you read the context below the question on which the question is based? Your comment indicate you did not read it.
If you understand that the water leak dilemma has two solutions as indicated there, then the question relates to can you use it to make an analogy substituting water leak dilemma for environmental pollution leak dilemma to stress the solutions to the environmental problem.
Can you see how based on the context how an analogy related to the environmental pollution dilemma can be put together? If you see it, the answer to the question is then yes. If you can not see it, still the answer to the question is yes.
Thank you for taking the time to write.
Respectfully yours;
Lucio
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I have just published this paper about heritage interpretation and the use of virtual reality (VR) to digitise a World War II air raid shelter in Malta (EU).
Every time I work on the subject or read about it I ask myself the the question:
Will digital (digitisation) ever overtake the physical interpretation of heritage? Will we ever consider a digitised version of a place or artefact as good as the real thing?
What is your opinion on this? My paper gives an answer to this question, but it is the near future that I am looking at.
Thanks.
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At 1st, ANY nation needs museum that collected sum of artefacts as a PROOF of civilization hights achieved by the nation.F. ex. Deutsche museum, British museum. Importance of such сonfirmation makes all the artefacts as heritage.
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Europe ponders ‘no pay’ open-access plan
quote : The Council of the European Union has recommended a ‘no pay’ academic-publishing model in which neither readers nor authors are billed for academic papers. Critics say that the plan could usher in a state-defined system that might stymie academic freedom and abolish an industry without considering who would pay for the alternative. Supporters, such as the German Research Federation, say the principles would lower the barriers to participation in academic discourse. “There’s a recognition that we need to move beyond the [article processing charge] APC,” says publishing consultant Rob Johnson. “The question is: just how is that done?”
Ref: Nature Briefing , 5th June 2023, Reference: Council of the European Union forum conclusions
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A model that would allow this is the "diamond journals", that is, journals financed directly by universities, research institutions or academic libraries. Libraries are paying huge sums to publishers, so it would be cheaper for them to fund directly academic publications. The current problem is that libraries' budgets are locked in to pay for overpriced subscriptions and APCs.
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think that this situation constitutes a challenge for European countries to move towards liberation from dependence on the Russian oil market in particular, and on traditional energies in general, but the big problem is who is financing this transition??? Can alternative energies cover the huge market for conventional energies???
This can happen in countries that enjoy energy independence, such as the nordic countries, where they invest in the huge revenues from conventional energies exports to finance alternative energies projects. As for the rest of the countries, the question remains.............
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Can you point out the people who cut the pipe-line?
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On March 21, 2022 the EU endorsed the "Strategic Compass" a strategic document that provided a specific timeline for establishing a Rapid Deployment Capacity (RDC) of approximately 5.000 troops by 2025. On June 29, 2022 NATO also adopted its new Strategic Concept that encouraged the EU's autonomy. The same concept was promoted by the National Security Strategy of the US that was issued on October 12, 2022. Do you think that this actions will lead to the establishment of a EU Army? What parameters do you think that should be taken into consideration?
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The U.S. controls the EU and is already in NATO. No point in their own Army
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We are glad to invite you to submit papers and participate in the International Conference “Sustainable Development of European Smart Cities”, on 9th – 10th of JUNE 2023, IASI (Jean Monnet Project no. 20415-EPP-1-2020-1-RO-EPPJMO-MODULE, European Smart Cities for Sustainable Development (SmartEU), within the Erasmus+ Programme of the European Union).
We encourage papers that cover topics including (but not limited to):
●Green and smart technologies for Smart City;
●Smart Governance and Smart Democracy for EU citizens’ well-being;
●Smart People and Smart Working for a resilient European Union;
●Knowledge Management in Smart City Development;
●Heritage and cultural tourism;
●The role of emerging technologies in Smart Cities;
●Smart Cities Marketing;
●E-Society: online communication and collaboration;
● Cyberbullying and digital citizenship education.
For more information, please check our website: http://smarteu.uaic.ro/Pages/Start.aspx
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Please find attached the call for papers.
#SmartEU 2023
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Since 2016 we have come to see that liberal democracies under majority rule can lead to normal democratic outcomes/normal democratic movements; and extreme democratic outcomes/extreme exism movements like Brexit, Usexit/Trumpism, Brazilexit, Italianexit….and so on. We have come to see also that exism movements cannot be in power forever under majority rule and the independent rule of law based liberal democracies. As the world view of a normal liberal democracy is the inverse of the world view of the extreme liberal democracy, this leads to the question: Inverse reality and exism movements: How are they linked?
Any ideas? Please share your own views.
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Dear Omobhene, thank you for taking the time to write.
If you know the core values of normal liberal democracies you can find the core values of extreme liberal democracies/EXISM MOVEMENTS just by inverting them, which means that they are the inverse opposite, which explains why the competition between normal democratic outcomes and extreme democratic outcomes during election or reelection may not follow traditional prediction tools.
So inversion provides the link normal liberal democracy vrs extreme liberal democracy and this give you an idea about the expected antidemocracy front and the expected anti-exism front, but not many politicians know that yet.
You may find the following articles interesting or full of good food for thoughts
The 2016 shift from normal liberal democracy to extreme liberal democracy in the USA: Pointing out the structure of Trumpconomics, its meaning, and its expected local and global implications, both analytically and graphically
Sustainability thoughts 133: Stating the expected step by step road from majority rule based liberal democracies to permanent authoritarianism: The case of the 2016-2020 rise and fall of Trumpism
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I am looking for statistical data of telework, part-time and other flexibile forms in EU regions and USA? Could you recommend me the best way, how to find it? (Eurostat statistical databases and traditional way are known for me).
Thank YOU!
Matus
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Dear colleagues,
we published an article in the Sustainability magazine on the issue of office spaces in the COVID-19 era, indexed in WOS and Scopus with impact factor. Fell free to read, share and cite.
we published an article called “Work from Home as a Tool for More Efficient Business”, presented in an international Conference: PEMF 2022
Our new article has just been published, which deals with the issue of weekend and evening work. For some groups, it may be interesting that this kind of work layout suits them.
Fell free to read, share and cite.
Thank you!
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Theses:
1. European identity helps the EU to unite European peoples within the EU.
2. European identity is largely based on European values.
3. European values are a historical category (it means that it is always under transformation).
4. European values have became more diverse since EU enlargement.
Question:
What is the role of European values in the formation of European identity, if we take into account the abovementioned theses?
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The four economic freedoms enshrined in the treaty of functioning of the EU are only real values existing in the EU. Their interpretation is well established in the EU jurisprudence. There are also other values that flows from the secondary EU laws, all of the also of economic nature. Other values, including so called 'Democratic criterion' are meallable to any political 'sledgehammer' within the EU.
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This year CEUR-WS.org publisher has changed the requirements to the authors of the papers to be submitted for the conference. As required by CEUR-WS.org, at least one author of the submission must have at least 5 papers listed in DBLP (https://ceur-ws.org/HOWTOSUBMIT.html#FAQ-DBLPFOOTPRINT). To check the number of your papers in DBLP, please, go to DBLP site: https://dblp.uni-trier.de/pid/77/11070.html.
If I 'd like to participate in CEUR-WS.org conference then I need to include in my author list another person that has 5 papers listed in DBLP but not made nothing for preparing the conference paper? I think that such requirements is the base of the corruption in the science world. Is it normal?
I think that in more case new author can give a better results as a person that have more than 5 papers in DBLP. This approach of CEUR-WS.org blocks the development of emerging and disruptive science areas.
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Please note that CEUR-WS.org is not a publisher and not an organizer of conferences (see their instructions: "In CEUR-WS.org, you as proceedings editor are also the publisher."). It is just a platform for open-access workshop proceedings.
Concerning the DBLP bibliography rule, the complete text reads: "CEUR-WS supports the publication of computer-science workshops (and conferences). We sometimes receive submissions that apears to have only marginal relations to computer science. To check the relevance to computer science, we may request editors to provide us with data on how many publications authors and PC members have in the DBLP bibliography. Typically, we demand that each paper has at least one author with at least 5 papers listed in DBLP." Therefore, this rule is to check the relevance to computer science in a simple way. Please note also that they "may request". Exceptions may be possible, I think - these should be discussed with the proceedings editor(s).
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Both, EU and UK worked intensively for many years to establish close collaborative links in academia and research.
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Westminster is “still hopeful” on Horizon Europe association, with forthcoming plans for a UK alternative perhaps nudging Brussels to “pick up the phone”, according to the science minister...
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Risk society is oftentimes used to investigate global risk that challenge our traditional societies and push them to move from being mostly concerned with the distribution of wealth into societies that are mostly preoccupied with the distribution of risks. Migration appears to be a challenge that most societies in today's world confront, but what appears is that societies in the Global North are not attempting to address the issue in terms of risk redistribution, but rather seek to outsource the whole challenge to other countries. For instance, the EU is outsourcing the challenge and risk of migration management to transit North African countries, which is the opposite of what Risk Society Theory predicts.
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382 / 5,000
نتائج الترجمة
نتيجة الترجمة
Because some risks are difficult to propose accurate solutions to, and because experts differ in estimating the size of some collective risks, ways to deal with them, and balancing them with the opportunities behind them, individuals will return to making decisions about balancing different options themselves, as the risks of some problems are not measurable. It is a comparison between a number of alternatives and choosing one of them according to the balance of risks. He is imprecise in discussing future issues
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Imaging Adam Smith stating the theory of the perfect green market in 1776 instead of the theory of the perfect traditional market. This has current development implications in terms of current social, environmental and population issues. And this leads to the question: What are the main current negative implications of Adam Smith’s legacy? Why it turned out this way?
What do you think?
Please share your own ideas.
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1. Unsustainable Economic Growth: Adam Smith's perfect traditional market theory focused on economic growth as the ultimate goal, without any consideration for environmental protection or sustainability. This has led to a focus on unrestrained growth and over-consumption, which has had a devastating effect on the environment and has contributed to the climate crisis we now face.
2. Wealth Inequality: Adam Smith's theory of the perfect traditional market relies heavily on the concept of competition, which has created an environment of winners and losers in the economic arena. This has resulted in extreme wealth inequality, where the wealthy few have become increasingly richer while the majority of the population has become poorer. This wealth gap has been exacerbated by globalization and the free-market system, which has allowed the rich to take advantage of cheaper labor, resources, and products in poorer countries.
3. Exploitation of Workers: Adam Smith's theory of the perfect traditional market has allowed companies to exploit workers by paying them low wages and providing them with few benefits. This has resulted in a breakdown of the social contract between employers and employees, allowing companies to take advantage of their workers in order to maximize profits.
4. Poor Working Conditions: Poor working conditions are a direct result of the free-market system championed by Adam Smith. Companies are able to pay workers low wages, offer few benefits, and provide them with sub-standard working conditions in order to maximize profits. This has led to a decrease in job satisfaction and an increase in workplace stress and burnout.
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Can anyone help me know what I should expect as an acceptable range of endotoxin in EU/ml from my purified recombinant protein sample, purified using E.coli expression vector.
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it depends from the downstream application that you would like to perform with this protein.
The limit for human dose is
5.0 EU/kg
therefore the EU/ml acceptable depends from both, injected protein dose and protein concentration
for example if you use a mouse model and you consider the mice weight 20g, to fulfill the 5EU/kg limit you have to inject less than 0,1EU.
if you would like to inject 200ug in 100ul , you protein do not have to contanin more than 1EU/ml or 2EU/mg
im my experience, generalle a purification step with endotoxin removal coloumns is necessary when you are producing protein from E.coli.
best regards
Manuele
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Whether reading the old Balassa’s foreseeing model of economic integration, the current stage of the EU would show as already ended, but reality is much different.
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We`re seeking for someone with an access to air classification unit to process / sieve fine metallic powders? We`re willing to pay for this service and/or we offer authorship in the papers which arose from this research.
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Separating the fraction smaller than 1.5 microns from the powder smaller than 8 microns is next to impossible in a dry state. Agglomeration of such powders is so strong that the agglomerates can only be broken down into a liquid. It doesn't work with an air classifier.
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I am looking for datasets, including data about:
1. EU agricultural fields boundaries (or, at least on the individual EU country level)
2. EU soil organic carbon map (except FAO map)
3. EU Soil maps. Preferably large scale, up to 1:25,000, 1:50,000
4. Agro-Climatic Zone Map of EU countries
5. Crop data (crop history) linked to a particular field. (eg. farm X has 20 fields with corn in 2022)
6. Results of soil surveys (analyzes). Ideally - carbon content. If not, then at least the humus content.
Thank you for any information you can provide!
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Alex Azarau EU Agriculture stats
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I'm working on an article for the Croatian magazine "Teaching History" about the status of History in compulsory education in the European Union. History teachers from the European Union member countries, please answer 5 simple questions. Details are at the link.
Still waiting for answers from:
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
Latvia
Slovakia
Spain
Sweden
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Only one still missing is Sweden.
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Do the processes of unifying market, financial, economic, etc. structures on an international scale increase the economic, financial, energy, etc. security of the countries participating in this process?
Does the unification of market structures, an increase in standardization and homogenization of the functioning of economic and financial systems on an international scale, the removal of barriers to the cross-border flow of goods and production factors, the introduction of a common currency cause the acceleration of economic development, an increase in the level of economic and financial stability of the region composed of countries that thus increasingly cooperate with each other economically and not only economically?
An example of the unification of market structures, an increase in standardization and homogenization of the functioning of economic and financial systems on an international scale, the removal of barriers to the cross-border flow of goods and production factors, the introduction of a common currency is the European Union with its area of ​​the common currency, the Euro. European integration includes international cooperation, unifying market structures, removing barriers to the cross-border flow of goods and production factors. A higher level of international economic and financial integration is the adoption of a common currency, e.g. the Euro currency. Poland, just after the system and economic transformation in 1989, because already in the early 1990s, adopted a plan to adjust the economy, financial systems, banking, legal regulations, institutional and organizational issues, etc. to the standards of the European Union, in order to join the EU structures . The central bank in Poland, ie the National Bank of Poland, adopted a strategic plan to combat the then hyperinflation, stabilize the economy and prepare and adjust the financial system, including the banking system, to European Union standards at the very beginning of the 1990s. This process was carried out efficiently and effectively. Poland joined the EU in May 2004. Thus, the aforementioned period of adjustments to the economy, financial systems, banking, legal regulations, institutional and organizational issues, etc., lasted over a decade. The unification of market structures, an increase in the standardization and homogenization of the functioning of economic and financial systems on an international scale, the removal of barriers to the cross-border flow of goods and production factors leads to the reduction of the costs of the implementation of these processes and thus the formation of pro-development impulses that automatically activate economic processes on unified, homogenized markets . As a consequence, economic growth can significantly accelerate and stimulate economic development in the entire region of shared market structures operating in countries that increasingly cooperate with each other. The above-mentioned Unification of market structures, the functioning of economic and financial systems on an international scale, the removal of barriers to the cross-border flow of goods and production factors are also key factors accelerating the processes of economic globalization, globalization of financial systems, etc. Unfortunately, the governments of some, few countries in Europe act as if they did not appreciate these values. For example, unfortunately, this is how the current PIS government of the country in which I operate has operated for 7 years. The plan for Poland to adopt the common currency, the Euro, was adopted at the end of the 1990s. This plan could be implemented a few years after Poland joined the European Union. Unfortunately, the global financial crisis of 2007-2009 caused problems which resulted in the postponement of this plan. However, when the financial markets stabilized after 2009, there could be a return to the implementation of the above-mentioned plan of introducing the Polish economy to the area of ​​the common currency, Euro. However, the political options that took over the reign of power in Poland changed. The current government, which implements a populist economic policy consisting in increasing the scale of centralized state intervention, and finances new socio-economic programs mainly by increasing the public debt and printing the domestic currency PLN. Precisely because the largest socio-economic programs, including anti-crisis shields, which were used during the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus pandemic in the form of public financial aid consisting in providing non-repayable subsidies to companies and enterprises, were also based on the reprint of the national currency PLN. The result of the use of additional printing of domestic money during a pandemic on a historically record-high scale was the increase in inflation, which started almost from the beginning of 2021. As the printing of the domestic currency PLN and additional issues of treasury bonds, increasing the public debt are the key instruments for the current government to implement government economic programs, the current government does not want to implement the plan of introducing the Polish economy to the euro area, adopted over two decades ago. As a result, the risk of debt and financial liquidity in the public finance system of the state increases, and inflation continues to rise. Recently, the Central Statistical Office published data showing that in August 2022 inflation increased again and reached a record level of 16.1 percent. Producer inflation is still much higher than consumer inflation, which, combined with the growing interest rates on bank loans, contributes to the deepening economic slowdown, the symptoms of which appeared already in mid-2022. The above-mentioned negative processes, in line with macroeconomic forecasts, will cause a serious downturn in the economy in Poland in the following quarters and in 2023. Core inflation is estimated at around 10 percent. Core inflation is estimated by subtracting food, fuel and energy, i.e. the key factors of international influence, including the impact of the war in Ukraine, from total consumer inflation. As the core inflation generated by internal factors in Poland is much higher than in the European Union, the domestic economic policy, national public policy, public finance management by the government, domestic monetary policy of the politicized central bank, etc. politicized, centrally controlled, interventionist and monetarist, national socio-economic policy in Poland increasingly distances Poland from the plan of adopting the common currency and increases the risk of liquidity and debt of the public finance system of the state. Therefore, in the event of the emergence of another global economic and / or financial crisis in the future, the Polish economy may find itself in a more serious crisis compared to previous crises. Besides, continuing these considerations in order to answer the question: Do the processes of unifying market and financial structures, etc. on an international scale increase the economic and financial security of the countries participating in this process? - further threats that affect the economies and civilization of many countries, such as the currently developing energy crisis and the constantly growing long-term risk of a future climate crisis, can also be taken into account. Transnational economic integration in the European Union also applies to environmental and climate policy, which, unfortunately, also do not belong to the priorities of the current government in Poland. The process of pro-environmental and pro-climate transformation of the Polish economy, including the energy sector, has been slowed down for 7 years in Poland. The result is still a significant advantage of dirty combustion energy in the generation of electricity and heat in Poland. Energy production in Poland based on the combustion of mainly hard coal and other fossil fuels is still 3/4 of the total energy sector. It is also a result of ignoring the guidelines of the environmental and climate policy of the European Union in Poland for many years. Therefore, the level of energy security in the context of the current energy crisis has been significantly lowered by this type of national energy policy. I examined the issues of the above-mentioned standardization of market structures, the functioning of economic and financial systems on an international scale, the removal of barriers to the cross-border flow of goods and production factors, I examined these issues on the example of the adaptation of the banking system, including commercial banks, to European banking. I have included the results of my research on this issue in articles that were published on my profile of this Research Gate portal. Researchers and scientists studying analogous processes of adjusting market structures, financial systems, banking, etc., are invited to scientific cooperation.
In view of the above, I address the following research question to the Honorable Community of Researchers and Scientists:
Do the processes of unifying market, financial, economic, etc. structures on an international scale increase the economic, financial, energy, etc. security of the countries participating in this process?
What is your opinion on this topic?
Please reply,
I invite everyone to the discussion,
Thank you very much,
Best regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
Relevant answer
Answer
In terms of volume, they do but LDCs and economically weak partners pay the price of becoming wholly reliant on FDIs while, due to lack of local economic structure, technology transfer is minimal.