Ethiopia - Science topic

Background & aim: Measles is a highly infectious disease and can cause lifelong complications and death. Most studies focused on children who received a first dose measles vaccine rather than second doses measles vaccine uptake. Therefore, this study aimed to determine second dose measles vaccine uptake proportion and associated factors among child...

Tremendous efforts are ongoing throughout Africa for the conservation of endangered species. The national and international law enforcement agencies are fight a constant war against poaching. It is difficult to safeguard wildlife because of the ever-growing hazards that poachers pose to the creatures they seek, issues with growing populations and h...

Biomass combustion produces air pollutants, causing high mortality rates, while electric cooking, which is efficient and eco-friendly, reduces mortality and maximizes socioeconomic and ecological benefits. Thus, the primary purpose of this study is to compare the performance of domestic and imported household electric hotplate stoves via experiment...

Plain language summary Beliefs of EFL instructors regarding teaching listening integration with speaking at Hawassa University, Ethiopia The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the beliefs of EFL university instructors about teaching listening in integration with speaking in Ethiopia. The study used a convergent mixed-methods desig...

Micro and small enterprises (MSEs) play a crucial role in Ethiopia’s economy. Measuring the technical efficiency ofenterprises is thus of interest to various stakeholders. This study measured and estimated technical efficiency using astochastic frontier and a maximum-likelihood approach to measure factors that determine the efficiency of enterprise...

Background: Adult tuberculosis (TB) patients experience significant undernutrition globally, especially in developing countries. While some studies have explored the prevalence and factors influencing undernutrition in this group, comprehensive large-scale investigations covering diverse health facilities and populations are lacking. This study aim...

The co-epidemics of HIV/AIDS and Tuberculosis (TB) outbreak is one of a serious disease in Ethiopia that demands integrative approaches to combat its transmission. In contrast, epidemiological co-infection models often considered a single latent case and recovered individuals with TB. To bridge this gap, we presented a new optimal HIV-TB co-infecti...

Background: Substance use among youths is a significant global and local issue. Youth who engage in substance use often experience various psychosocial, health, economic, and other problems. While governmental and non-governmental organizations in North Wollo and Waghimra Zones offer social services, their effectiveness in preventing and controllin...

Background Despite consecutive decades of success in reducing malaria transmission, Ethiopia went off track towards its goal of malaria elimination by 2030, as outlined in the NMCP malaria strategy. Recent malaria outbreaks in Ethiopia are attributed to the emergence and spread of diagnostic and drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum , increased inse...

Despite vital in conserving biodiversity, most natural wetlands were degraded and declined in numbers due to anthropogenic factors, thereby human-made wetlands have been established in Ethiopia. Thus, this study aimed to analyze plant diversity, wetland indicators, characteristic species, and ecosystem conditions of Ethiopian highland human-made we...

Background and Aims Women's autonomy in healthcare decision‐making is crucial for improving maternal and child health. Despite its importance, there is limited evidence on autonomous healthcare decision making particularly in postpartum women. Thus, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of postpartum women's autonomy in healthcare decision maki...

Sympathetic the nature and degree of association between dry matter yield and dry matter yield related traits is the essential to study for any underutilized forage improvements of sustainable genetic enhancement. Though, there is a lack of sufficient evidence on dry matter yield and related trait correlation and path coefficient analysis of Rhodes...

Background Digital adherence technologies (DATs) with associated differentiated care are potential tools to improve tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcomes and reduce associated costs for both patients and healthcare providers. However, the balance between epidemiological and economic benefits remains unclear. Here, we used data from the ASCENT trial...

This paper traces discourse and practices among Jewish communal leaders in Western Europe and the United States regarding the need for Jewish missions to China and Ethiopia. Though thousands of miles apart, China and Ethiopia became closely entwined in their racial imagination. Beginning in the 1840s, the Jewish international press depicted both as...

Youth violence negatively impacts physical, emotional, and social well-being, hindering development, decision-making, learning, and relationships. Holistic and interdisciplinary approaches are needed to mitigate this issue. This research aims to investigate forms, risk factors, and preventive mechanisms of youth violence in Hawassa and Shashemene c...

Introduction Diarrheal diseases are the top cause of preventable death, particularly among children under the age of five in developing countries like Ethiopia. Despite the national level of latrine coverage being 61%, diarrhea is responsible for the deaths of half a million children under 5 years annually. Therefore, this study aimed to assess dia...

Background: Human breast milk, a naturally balanced source of infant nutrition, promotes optimal growth and health when exclusively fed for 6 months. Exclusive breastfeeding reduces common childhood infections, provides protection against some chronic illnesses, and contributes to achieving several Sustainable Development Goals. Despite its benefit...

Ethnobotany Research and Applications 29:66 (2024)-http://dx. Abstract Background: Assosa District is home to variety of medicinal plants and associated indigenous knowledge where there was no previous study on medicinal plants. The study was aimed at documenting the medicinal plants and associated knowledge emphasizing structure and relationships...

Introduction: All across the world, youths struggle with a variety of health issues. Adolescents everywhere are entering puberty earlier and engaging in more premarital sex. There was limited evidence about the current adolescent sexual reproductive health (RH) service utilization status and its associated factors in the study area, especially afte...

Background : Ethiopia has made significant strides in reducing unintended pregnancies and empowering individuals to manage their family size through the national reproductive health strategy. This strategy has decentralized services to provide a comprehensive range of family planning options, ensuring quality. However, the intention to use and actu...

The main objectives of this study is modelling acute respiratory infection symptoms among under five children and to investigate how different explanatory variables measured at different level of hierarchical structures affects symptoms of ARI. This study used Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) 2011 data, collected for 9625 children und...

Introduction The World Health Organization (WHO) has not confirmed the eradication of the COVID-19 pandemic or the development of a cure. Ongoing research is necessary to update public understanding, attitudes, and behaviors. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to COVID-19 among students in Ethiopi...

Background: Despite evidence demonstrating the benefits of the World Health Organization (WHO) Surgical Safety Checklist (SSC), its utilization is less frequent in countries with a lower Human Development Index (HDI). This quality improvement project aimed to enhance SSC utilization in a rural primary hospital to address critical issues, including...

Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is the second most important cool-season food legume in Ethiopia after faba bean, both in terms of production area and annual yield. The study comprises 13 advanced field pea genotypes that were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with four replications across four different environments during two consecutive mai...

This paper presents the use of machine learning techniques and the Object-Oriented Design (OOD) approach to construct an intelligent diagnostic system for Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). Data was gathered from St. Paulo's Hospital in Ethiopia and included 19 characteristics (numerical and nominal) and 1718 cases. To resolve class imbalances, the data...

The purpose of this work is to specify the parameter values, the base flow index (BFI), and to rank the methods that should be used for base flow separation. Three different digital graphical approaches are chosen and used in this study for the purpose of comparison. The daily time series discharge data were collected from the site for a period of...

Ectopic pregnancy is life threatening condition occurring due to the implantation of fertilized ovum outside the uterine endometrial cavity. Its common site is fallopian tube. Stump ectopic pregnancy after previous salpingectomy on ipsilateral tube is the rare occurrence. We present a 26yrs old female patient with tubal stump ectopic pregnancy who...

Background: Good manufacturing practice (GMP) is a part of quality management that maintains product quality and manages it according to the criteria of fitness for use. The heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) system comprises the equipment, technology, and procedure that ensure product quality through maintaining heat, ventilation, a...

5 Over recent decades, Ethiopia has substantially invested in soil and water conservation (SWC) practices, particularly in more arid areas, to strengthen environmental resilience, maintain agricultural productivity, and improve food security. Despite huge efforts, the impact of those 8 practices on improving rural households' food security remains...

Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis, which was originally described as chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis is an autoinflammatory bone disorder of idiopathic origin affecting the metaphyseal portion of long bones at multiple sites. This disease entity, which was previously considered to be rare; is now showing a higher incidence according to...

Objective The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with maternal mortality in 13 public hospitals with maternity units in eastern Ethiopia. Methods A nested case‐control study embedded within the Ethiopian Obstetric Surveillance System (EthOSS) cohort. EthOSS was established in April 2021 to monitor women admitted with severe obste...

This study investigates the factors affecting corporate financial performance of Ethiopian insurance business, with a particular focus on the key factors influencing profitability. The study employs Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE) as measures of financial performance, while independent variables include investment income, firm siz...

This paper describes the roles of inter institutional collaborations between Mekelle University (MU)- Hawassa University (HU)-Nerwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU) in reform and transformation of MU, which is part of a book of proceeding entitled as ``The Norwegian support in improving livelihoods in the arid highlands of northern Ethiopia....

CITATION Aynalem BY, Zerihun T, Alemu AA, Meselu BT, Zeleke LB and Kassa GM (2024) Home delivery and associated factors among women who gave birth after antenatal care follow-up in the last 6 months in Jabitehnan District, Northwest Ethiopia: mixed community-based study.

Objectives Conjoined twins are described as having been physically fused during pregnancy and delivery. They share some vital organs, such as the heart, lungs, liver, abdomen, etc. The article aims to present a unique discussion on conjoined twins at the abdomen, with twin A with anencephaly and face presentation and twin B with cephalic presentati...

Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive status disclosure is an essential component of pediatric care and long-term disease management. However, pediatric HIV disclosure is a complex and understudied public health concern. This study aimed to assess the pediatric HIV-positive disclosure status and associated factors among caregivers....

Genetic variability refers to the tendency of genetic traits to differ within and among populations. In the 2023 growing season, 36 genetically distinct faba bean genotypes were evaluated across two locations using an alpha lattice design with two replications. The study aimed to assess genetic variation and identify parent materials with desirable...

Climate change vulnerability is the biggest threat to ecosystems and economies of the world. Hence, this study aims to assess the vulnerability to climate variability adaptation strategies of rural households in Begemdir District, Northwest Ethiopia. In this study, the cross-sectional research design was used to gain a wider and better understandin...

Leptospirosis is a significant zoonotic disease that causes high economic losses in cattle production due to its association with abortions, stillbirths, infertility, and reduced milk yields. However, the epidemiology of bovine leptospirosis in Ethiopia is poorly understood. From October 2020 to October 2021, a cross-sectional study was conducted t...

Ethiopia is believed to have the largest livestock population in Africa. Ethiopia holds a substantial potential for dairy development mainly due to its large livestock population coupled with the relatively suitable environment for livestock production. The success of dairy production in general and crossbreeding programs in particular needs to be...

Tax is an important source of government revenue yet it has never been easy for the tax authorities to ensure that most taxpayers are complying with the set laws and regulations of taxation. Taxpayers’ awareness is among the factors that influence tax compliance. As a result enhancing taxpayers’ compliance has been a major concern of tax authoritie...

Background Pneumonia is inflammation of the lung parenchyma and is a substantial cause of childhood morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a type of pneumonia termed when patients who develop pneumonia in the outpatient setting and have not been in any health care facilities within 90days. Objective...

Using Altman's z-score model, the study empirically investigates financial distress and its contributing factors in the context of Ethiopian late-entry insurance companies. Based on their year of inception and the availability of the necessary data in audited financial statements for the research period of 2019/2020-2023/2024, five of Ethiopia's ei...

Aims:The study focused on the difficulties facing the Burkitu community forest in Southeast Ethiopia's Gasera District Bale Zone in terms of conservation. The Burkitu Community Forest got its name because the land is owned by a legally recognized group of individuals known as Burkitu. The woodland is 18.62 hectares in size and borders Ganda-Wotechi...

abides by a double-blind peer review process such that the journal does not disclose the identity of the reviewer(s) to the author(s) and does not disclose the identity of the author(s) to the reviewer(s). Abstract: Field pea is a multipurpose crop. Despite its diverse benefits, its production and productivity in Ethiopia has remained low compared...

Fusarium species complex and fumonisin on maize grains of Ethiopia

Gender equality in decision-making positions is crucial to achieving the goals of good governance, peace, democracy, and inclusive/sustainable development. The major aim of this research article is to investigate the representation trend of women in higher decision-making positions over the last thirty years, since 1991. The federal three organs of...

Performance improvement of cookstoves has a vital role in reducing indoor air pollution and deforestation. In this study, biomass‐based cook stoves onsite data survey and experimental approaches were carried out to evaluate the performance of different cook stoves. Based on this feasibility research, it was shown that firewood accounted for 75% of...

This study explores the significance of Ethiopia in the biblical narrative, focusing on its historical, theological, and cultural implications for Christianity. Ethiopia, referenced as "Cush" in the Scriptures, emerges as a crucial participant in the unfolding story of God's redemptive plan. The examination highlights key biblical figures asso...

Ethiopia, with an estimated chicken population of 17 million, serves as a source of high-quality animal protein, helping to reduce malnutrition, improve nutritional status, and provide food and food products. However, Ethiopia has not fully leveraged the value of chicken production due to various bacterial diseases, with fowl cholera (FC) being the...

Introduction Pre-hospital care personnel, including paramedics and emergency medical technicians (EMTs), are crucial frontline responders in emergency medical situations. They are critical in delivering timely medical assistance to individuals in emergencies. However, the demanding nature of their work can subject them to significant job stress, wh...

The preprint provides a critical review of the "Drought Monitoring Map for Ethiopia" by Wang Jinglang et al. (2024). It evaluates the strengths of the framework, such as its relevance to Ethiopia's drought challenges, comprehensive use of satellite data, and robust methodological approach. However, it also identifies areas for improvement, includin...

Background Implementation studies indicate that the addition of tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment services into the community health extension workers' tasks—that is ‘task‐shifting’—improved case detection and treatment outcomes in Ethiopia. Given resource and operational constraints, only a limited number of areas can be targeted by an expanded...

Title Revised Title: “Statistical Analysis of Cervical Cancer Recurrence Incidence in Women: A Case Study at Hawassa University Referral Hospital, Hawassa, Ethiopia” Ensure that the title includes keywords that are highly relevant to the topic, such as "Statistical Analysis," "Cervical Cancer," "Recurrence," and "Ethiopia." 2. Abstract Research Que...

QTc interval prolongation, which is linked to cardiac arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death, is common in HIV-infected patients. This prolongation can be attributed to the side effects of antiretroviral medications, the direct impact of HIV on the heart, and chronic inflammatory responses that disrupt cardiac electrical activity. This study aimed at...

Stunting remains a critical issue affecting child health in Ethiopia, with significant implications for growth and development. Despite efforts to address stunting, understanding its determinants and trends over time is essential for developing effective interventions. The objective of this study is to examine the trends and determinants of child s...

Pesticides are commonly used in agriculture for pest control, but their improper usage and handling can lead to high farmer exposures, negative health effects, and pollution of water bodies. The purpose of this study was to investigate farmer’s perceptions of the effects of pesticide runoff on water bodies, and to describe their self-reported knowl...

Animal source foods (ASFs) are diverse and heterogeneous, including unprocessed red meat, processed meat, poultry, eggs, seafood, milk, cheese, and yoghurt. It is essential for preventing malnutrition and its consequences among vulnerable populations, including infants, young children, adolescents, women of reproductive age, and pregnant and lactat...

Objective This study aimed to assess the prevalence of cataract and associated factors among adults aged 40 years and above in Durame town, Southern Ethiopia. Design A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted using a systematic random sampling method. Setting The study was conducted in Durame town, Southern Ethiopia. Participants The...