Epidemiologic Studies - Science topic

Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the temporal trends in vaccination coverage (VC) during the first year of life of children in Brazil. Methods Data on VC for the first year of life from 2011 to 2020 for Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG), hepatitis B, polio, pentavalent, and triple viral vaccines at the national, regional, and state levels...

Human brucellosis, one of the most common zoonoses worldwide, is rare in Japan. Brucella canis is the specific pathogen of human brucellosis carried by dogs. According to an epidemiological study of B. canis infection in Japan, B. canis is the specific pathogen of human brucellosis in dogs. We herein report a rare case of meningoencephalomyelitis c...

As intoxicações configuram-se como problema de saúde pública em âmbito mundial. No Brasil, estima-se que 33% dos casos de intoxicação medicamentosa pertençam ao grupo de crianças menores de nove anos de idade. Analisar as notificações compulsórias por intoxicação em crianças de zero a nove anos no Estado do Paraná, entre os anos de 2016 e 2020. Por...

A obesidade constatada como um problema de saúde pública está relacionada ao maior risco por doenças cardiovasculares, hipertensão arterial, resistência à insulina, diabetes tipo II, dislipidemia e síndrome metabólica. Aliados ao estilo de vida sedentário e a uma dieta inadequada, elevados índices de massa corporal circunferência cintura e relação...

As intoxicações configuram-se como problema de saúde pública em âmbito mundial. No Brasil, estima-se que 33% dos casos de intoxicação medicamentosa pertençam ao grupo de crianças menores de nove anos de idade. Analisar as notificações compulsórias por intoxicação em crianças de zero a nove anos no Estado do Paraná, entre os anos de 2016 e 2020. Por...

A obesidade constatada como um problema de saúde pública está relacionada ao maior risco por doenças cardiovasculares, hipertensão arterial, resistência à insulina, diabetes tipo II, dislipidemia e síndrome metabólica. Aliados ao estilo de vida sedentário e a uma dieta inadequada, elevados índices de massa corporal circunferência cintura e relação...

In July, the Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (FMARD) in Nigeria officially reported the initial occurrence of Animal Anthrax disease in Niger State. Anthrax, caused by Bacillus anthracis, poses a significant infectious threat and is transmitted through contact with infected animals and by-products. Anthrax knows no borders, an...

The general population and workers are exposed to organophosphate insecticides, one of the leading chemical classes of pesticides used in rural and urban areas, in the control of arboviruses and agriculture. These pesticides cause environmental/occupational exposure and associated risks to human and environmental health. The objective of this study...

Introdução: a neurite óptica (NO) é uma doença inflamatória do nervo óptico, com incidência anual de um a cinco casos a cada 100 mil pessoas, acometendo, principalmente, indivíduos do sexo feminino. Pode ocasionar perda parcial ou total da visão, diminuição da acuidade visual, deficiência na percepção das cores, dentre outros sintomas. Define-se co...

Objective Estimate the incidence of the 30-year high cardiovascular risk and its determinants among graduates of federal universities in Minas Gerais. Methods This is a prospective cohort of 2,854 adults aged 20 to 59. The incidence of the outcome was calculated using the Framingham equation and its determinants were determined through multivariat...

In Egypt, Newcastle disease virus (NDV) outbreaks are occurring frequently, researchers try to study epidemiology of the virulent NDV isolates from these outbreaks. Velogenic & mild NDV strains was successfully isolated in Egypt from 1950 till now. NDV still reported to cause severe outbreaks with high losses in infected flocks during 2005, velogen...

Objective Estimate the incidence of the 30-year high cardiovascular risk and its determinants among graduates of federal universities in Minas Gerais. Methods This is a prospective cohort of 2,854 adults aged 20 to 59. The incidence of the outcome was calculated using the Framingham equation and its determinants were determined through multivariat...

Prior studies have demonstrated that HIV-related stigma (e.g., internalized HIV stigma) is detrimental to the physical and mental health (e.g., sleep impairment and depressive symptoms) of people living with HIV (PLWH). However, follow-up data are limited regarding the longitudinal relationships between internalized HIV stigma, future orientation,...

Introduction: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with vascular dysfunction, one of the signs of which is arterial stiffness. Carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), which is considered the gold standard measure of arterial stiffness, can be estimated using two commonly assessed clinical variables: age and blood pressure. This...

Objectives Diabetes in pregnancy, whether pre-gestational (chronic) or gestational (de novo hyperglycaemia), increases the risk of adverse birth outcomes. It is unclear whether gestational diabetes increases the risk of postnatal morbidity in infants. Cree First Nations in Quebec are at high risk for diabetes in pregnancy. We assessed whether pre-g...

Objetivo: relacionar a Síndrome da Fragilidade e a sarcopenia em idosos com e sem diabetes mellitus tipo 2; e identificar os potenciais fatores de risco para fragilidade e sarcopenia. Método: estudo epidemiológico descritivo realizado com 140 idosos do município de Sinop, Mato Grosso, Brasil. Para a avaliação da Síndrome da Fragilidade, utilizou-se...

In countries with low tuberculosis (TB) incidence, the systematic testing and treatment of latent TB infection (LTBI) in contacts of pulmonary TB index cases is the standard of care. The objective of this study, conducted in Catalonia over 2019–2021, was to assess the factors associated with LTBI treatment prescription to close contacts of pulmonar...

Съвременната медицина е медицина, основана на доказателствата. Тези доказателства произхождат от клиничната практика и епидемиологичните проучвания и имат своеобразна йерархия според своята доказателствена тежест. Научните публикации съдържат доказателства от медицината, основана на доказателствата. Те са два основни вида: научни съобщения (нарича...

Objetivo: relacionar el Síndrome de la Fragilidad y la sarcopenia en ancianos con y sin diabetes mellitus tipo 2; e identificar los potenciales factores de riesgo para la fragilidad y sarcopenia. Método: estudio epidemiológico descriptivo realizado en 140 ancianos del municipio de Sinop, Mato Grosso, Brasil. Para evaluar el Síndrome de la Fragilida...

Objetivo: avaliar a satisfação com o trabalho de profissionais de enfermagem que atuaram na assistência e na gestão, durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Método: estudo epidemiológico de corte transversal. Participaram 334 profissionais de enfermagem de um hospital de ensino. Foram calculadas as frequências absolutas e relativas das variáveis qualitativ...

Objective: to assess the job satisfaction of nursing professionals who worked in care and management during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: cross-sectional epidemiological study, with the participation of 334 nursing professionals of a teaching hospital. Absolute and relative frequencies of qualitative variables and means of numerical variables were...

Objective To investigate association between depressive symptoms and receipt of retirement pensions or other pensions in the Brazilian population aged 50 years or older. Method This was a cross-sectional study with participants from the baseline (2015-2016) of the Longitudinal Study of the Health of Elderly Brazilians. Depressive symptoms were mea...

Epidemiological studies using satellite mapping of light intensity that have found correlations between negative health conditions and ALAN (artificial light at night) have sometimes been criticised for having insufficient spatial resolution. Many of the studies have used meteorological satellite data having a spatial resolution around 1km. It has...

Objective: to relate Frailty Syndrome and sarcopenia in older adults with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus and identify potential risk factors for frailty and sarcopenia. Method: this descriptive epidemiological study was conducted with 140 older adults in the municipality of Sinop, Mato Grosso, Brazil. The frailty phenotype was used for the as...

Diabetes mellitus (DM), characterized by impaired insulin function or resistance, has gained prominence as a multifaceted health concern. Recent epidemiological studies suggest a potential link between DM and breast cancer risk. This retrospective cohort study, conducted in a Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi from January 2022 to June 2023, aimed...

Introduction Evidence of the benefits of arts engagement to community wellbeing has been mounting since the 1990s. However, large scale, quantitative, epidemiological studies of the “arts–healthy aging” relationship, or the types of arts older adults voluntarily choose to engage in as part of their everyday life, for enjoyment, entertainment or as...

Background: This research article presents an epidemiological study in Tripura, North-east India, investigating animal bite cases at a tertiary care hospital. Animal bites pose significant public health concerns, including potential zoonotic disease transmission. The study aims to assess animal bite incidence, envenoming, and treatment-seeking beha...

Epidemiological studies have reported a strong association between circulating Klotho and physical function; however, the cohorts were comprised of older adults with multiple comorbidities. Herein, we examined the relationship between Klotho and physical function in a community-based cohort of healthy adults. In this cross-sectional study, serum Kl...

Background: Progressive collapsing foot deformity (PCFD) is a disabling condition that may require complex surgical treatment. Little is known about the incidence of PCFD in the general population and specifically of PCFD requiring specialist care. Methods: We conducted a nation-wide epidemiological study to estimate the incidence of referred PCFD...

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated an association between short-term exposure to ambient temperature and mortality. However, the long-term effects of elevated temperature and temperature variability on mortality have remained somewhat elusive in epidemiological studies. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive epidemiological study utilizi...

There are some common fungi found in the oral cavity. Epidemiological studies indicate higher risk for periodontal disease in smokers vis a vis non-smokers. The increased risk is proportional to the length and frequency of smoking. This is an important area of public health research. In our study we found fungi to be present significantly more in o...

Introdução: A comunicação interventricular (CIV) é uma condição médica que se caracteriza pela presença de uma abertura ou abertura entre os dois ventrículos do coração, como câmaras inferiores responsáveis pelo bombeamento do sangue para o corpo. Essa abertura permite que o sangue oxigenado, que deveria ser bombeado para o corpo, se misture com o...

Background Epidemiological study of sex differences in incidence and risk factors of heart failure (HF), and subsequent mortality attributed to HF in the Chinese general population is lacking. This study aims to assess the sex differences in the incidence and risk factors of hospitalization for HF and evaluate the sex differences in population attr...

Colorectal cancer is among the well‐known forms of cancer and a prominent cause of cancer demises worldwide. In vitro experiments reinforced by animal studies, as well as epidemiological studies of human colorectal cancer propose that the growth of this disease can be moderated by eating aspects. Dietary intake including green vegetables and fruits...

Introduction Prior reviews synthesized findings of studies on long-term cardiac complications of COVID-19. However, the reporting and methodological quality of these studies has not been systematically evaluated. Here, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on long-term cardiac complications of COVID-19 and examined patterns of reported...

Introdução: Hemangiomas e linfangiomas representam condições vasculares congênitas que afetam o sistema circulatório e linfático, respectivamente. Os hemangiomas são formados por vasos sanguíneos anormais, enquanto os linfangiomas são compostos por vasos linfáticos alterados. Ambas as condições são geralmente identificadas em recém-nascidos ou cria...

Background The implementation of population risk factor-guided diagnostic approach and treatment regimen has been widely considered in clinical practice to treat individual patient. However, the meaning of these risk factors, which are primarily developed from population-based epidemiology studies and thus presented probability and risk/odds ratio,...

Objective To analyze chronic kidney disease mortality in Brazil according to sex, age group and region of residence, from 2009 to 2020. Methods This was a time series study having deaths as its unit of analysis, based on Mortality Information System data. The mortality rate was standardized using the direct method and the temporal trend was analyz...

Objective To analyze chronic kidney disease mortality in Brazil according to sex, age group and region of residence, from 2009 to 2020. Methods This was a time series study having deaths as its unit of analysis, based on Mortality Information System data. The mortality rate was standardized using the direct method and the temporal trend was analyz...

Background The aim of this study was to assess whether people living with HIV were at increased risk of severe or critical COVID-19, compared with HIV-negative individuals with COVID-19. Methods This nationwide descriptive epidemiological study was performed in South Korea between January 2020 and February 2022. Demographic and clinical characteri...

Resumo Objetivo analisar os fatores associados à readmissão de atendimento ao Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência (SAMU). Método estudo epidemiológico, do tipo seccional. Analisaram-se dados de 600 pacientes adultos atendidos pelo serviço de um município do interior de São Paulo, Brasil, no ano de 2015. Uma regressão logística múltipla identif...

We investigated the association of social strain from friends, depression, and systemic inflammation (C-Reactive Protein [CRP]) with cognitive impairment without dementia (CIND) and dementia among 9,262 participants (age ≥ 65). We analyzed data from the Health Retirement Study (HRS), performing Chi-squared and logistic regression analyses. Measures...

Background: Immune response to SARS-CoV-2 is crucial for preventing reinfection or reducing disease severity. T-cells' long-term protection, elicited either by COVID-19 vaccines or natural infection, has been extensively studied thus far; however, it is still attracting considerable scientific interest. The aim of the present epidemiological study...

The multigenerational effects of grandparental exposures on their grandchildren’s mental health and neurodevelopment are gaining research attention. We conducted a scoping review to summarize the current epidemiological studies investigating pregnancy-related and environmental factors that affected grandparental pregnancies and mental health outcom...

Large epidemiological studies show U-shaped relationships between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and all-cause mortality in individuals without atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD). Association in those with ASCVD by sex is unclear. We examined the association between HDL-C levels and 10-year all-cause mortality in s...

A tuberculose caracteriza-se como um problema de saúde pública. Assim, delinear seu perfil epidemiológico é fundamental para entender sua distribuição. Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, do tipo transversal, com abordagem quantitativa sobre o perfil dos casos de tuberculose no Estado do Pará entre 2018 a 2022. A coleta de dados foi realizada med...

An increased understanding of the interrelations between depressive symptoms among older populations could help improve interventions. However, studies often use sum scores to understand depression in older populations, neglecting important symptom dynamics that can be elucidated in evolving depressive symptom networks. We computed Cross-Lagged Pan...

Purpose Although the correlation between insulin resistance (IR) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk is well-established, the impact of changes in IR status over time has received little attention. This study aimed to investigate the effect of IR on CVD risk in a large prospective cohort of middle-aged Korean adults. Methods We assessed 3597 par...

Introdução: A fenda labial e palatina é uma malformação congênita resultante da não fusão das estruturas ósseas adequadas durante o desenvolvimento embrionário. A etiologia é multifatorial, envolvendo fatores genéticos e ambientais. Metodologia: Este estudo constitui uma análise epidemiológica descritiva com enfoque na investigação dos casos de nas...

Objectives Women with a history of preterm delivery (PTD) are at higher risk of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVD) later in life. However, it is not well established whether PTD is associated with CVD risk factors, hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Therefore, in this study, we examined the associations between PTD compared wit...

Nine different species of Equus caballus papillomavirus (EcPV) and three bovine papillomaviruses (BPVs) have been reported to infect horses. However, there are few descriptions of such infections in China. In our pioneer study on Chinese horses, we identified EcPV-2 in the nasal swabs (4/230, 1.7%) of Yili horses, and the semen (3/18, 16.7%) of tho...

Chagas disease (CD) remains one of the most significant endemic diseases in Latin America. Approximately 30% of individuals with CD develop the cardiac form, the main determinant of morbidity and mortality, which is characterized by typical electrocardiogram (ECG) changes caused by chronic chagasic cardiopathy (CCC). This review accentuates to how...

Este estudo foi delineado com o foco na identificação dos tipos de traumas mais recorrentes nos acidentes com motocicletas no Oeste Catarinense, bem como verificação do perfil dos condutores e garupas. Foram analisadas as ocorrências atendidas pelo corpo de bombeiros responsável pela assistência à região do Oeste Catarinense, entre o período de 01...

Background Cross-sectional studies have revealed a link between low muscle mass and hypertension. However, whether the degree of muscle mass predicts hypertension risk has not been confirmed. This study aimed to verify an association between skeletal muscle mass and incident hypertension in a longitudinal follow-up of middle-aged Korean adults. Me...

Purpose: To address recent concerns of postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) occurring after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. Methods: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus as of 1st June 2023. We performed a systematic review and meta-ana...

Introduction The fat mass and obesity-associated ( FTO ) gene is a significant locus in obesity. However, the association between FTO genetic variants and body composition has not been fully elucidated. Research design and methods This observational study examined the associations of FTO rs9939609 T>A with obesity and body composition markers in K...

Excessive nitrate in surface waters deteriorates the water quality and threatens human health. Human activities have caused increased nitrate concentrations in global surface waters over the past 50 years. An assessment of the long-term trajectory of surface-water nitrate exposure to world populations and the associated potential health risks is im...

Epidemiological studies have reported that the frequency of nuclear cataracts (NUCs) is high among the elderly and in tropical countries. Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and lens temperature are considered as key physical contributors, although their precise quantification is difficult. The aim of this study is to investigate the association of NUC pr...

Purpose High school students face various pressures such as academic and interpersonal relationships, which can easily lead to depression. Social exclusion is one of the important influencing factors for adolescent depression, but there is still limited research on the mechanisms of the impact that social exclusion has on depression. Therefore, thi...

Background The 8-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D 8) has been widely used to measure depressive symptoms in many large-scale surveys. Due to its brevity, it can lower costs, relieve respondent burdens, and ensure data quality. However, its factor structure and measurement invariance across gender and time among adolesce...

Background In this study, we describe the epidemiological profile of an outbreak of the circulating Vaccine Derived Polio Virus type 2 in South Sudan from 2020 to 2021. Method We conducted a retrospective descriptive epidemiological study using data from the national polio/AFP surveillance database, the outbreak investigation reports, and the vacc...

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a severe birth defect and a major cause of neonatal respiratory distress. Impacting ~2–3 in 10,000 births, CDH is associated with a high mortality rate, and long-term morbidity in survivors. Despite the significant impact of CDH, its etiology remains incompletely understood. In 2003, Greer et al. proposed th...

Background Crimean–Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is caused by an orthonairovirus transmitted by bites from infected ticks or by direct contact with blood or tissues of infected ticks, viraemic patients or viraemic livestock. Objective It was implemented to access the seropositivity and associated factors with CCHF in sheep in two provinces in Bu...

Introduction. Adaption and adoption of a healthy lifestyle remain challenging worldwide. An unhealthy diet is the core risk of lifestyle illnesses. However, the status of a healthy diet and its predictors were not assessed in Nekemte town targets middle-aged adults. The study was designed to assess healthy diet, prevalence, and factors associated a...

Introduction Epidemiological studies have revealed a link between dietary habits and the breast cancer risk. The causality of the association between food consumption and breast cancer requires further investigation. Methods Using Mendelian randomization, we assessed the causal effects of 10 dietary habits on the risks of breast cancer and its sub...

Background Female reproductive factors such as age at first birth (AFB), age at last birth (ALB), number of pregnancies and live births play an essential role in women’s health. However, few epidemiological studies have evaluated the association between female reproductive factors and metabolic syndrome (MetS). We therefore conducted a cross-sectio...

Objectives This study aims to compare perceived family functioning between Chinese patients who had an acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) and family caregivers, and explore the association between family functioning and patients’ depressive symptoms. Design This is a cross-sectional study design. Setting Stroke centres of two tertiary hospitals in Nanj...

Background The organ dysfunction that is associated with death in COVID-19 patients has not been determined in multicenter epidemiologic studies. In this study, we evaluated the major association with death, concomitant organ dysfunction, and proportion of multiple organ failure in deaths in patients with COVID-19, along with information on organ s...

Emotion regulation as a proximal factor has been linked with depressive symptoms. However, studies have mainly focused on a limited number of strategies and have mostly been cross-sectional in design. This is particularly evident when examining the protective effects of adaptive strategies. This study aimed to investigate the prospective relationsh...

Epidemiología y tratamiento de las complicaciones cutáneas de gastrostomías en pacientes pediátricos 14 Heridas y Cicatrización nº 3 Volumen 10 Septiembre 2020 La gastrostomía es una técnica que facilita la nutrición enteral mediante el acceso directo al estómago a través de un estoma, se utiliza ampliamente en pacientes pediátricos crónicos ya que...

The present study aimed to investigate the association of blood pressure polygenic risk scores (BP PRSs) with coronary artery disease (CAD) in a Korean population and the interaction effects between PRSs and environmental factors on CAD. Data were derived from the Cardiovascular Disease Association Study (CAVAS; N = 5100) and the Health Examinee St...

This study determined the temporal variation of PM2.5 in ambient air in Thohoyandou and further assessed the associated health risks. The levels of PM2.5 were quantified for a period of 1 year (April 2017-April 2018) using the gravimetric method. There was no significant difference (P-value = 0.18) in concentrations of both PM2.5 samples collected...

Purpose To examine whether changes in vision and hearing problems are associated with changes in psychosocial outcomes (in terms of depressive symptoms, loneliness, and perceived social isolation). Methods We used longitudinal data from the nationally representative German Ageing Survey, which covers individuals aged 43 years and over (wave 6 and...

Background Memory deficits are important risk factors and residual symptoms in mental problems, which are often associated with dysfunctional cognitive factors. However, the detailed mechanisms are not fully investigated. The present study explored the effects of dysfunctional attitudes, rumination, and mind-wandering on emotional and non-emotional...