Enzymes - Science topic

In this article we show for the first time that Cystathionine-gamma lyase (CTH), a major enzyme involved in Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) production plays a crucial role for glioblastoma formation. In brief we show that: •CTH inhibition in the tumor host attenuates glioblastoma. •CTH is upregulated in human gliomas and associated with worse overall surv...

Transient WORM Memory Device using an enzyme for sustainable electronic applications

There were conflicting definitions and misrepresentations of turnover frequency (TOF), catalytic cycle frequency (CCF), and catalytic first-order rate constant (kcat) in the literature. Based on the Benfield and Lineweaver-Burk methods, data were generated. The results showed that the CCF for the forward (3.63 exp. (+7)/s) and reverse (1.196 exp. (...

Magnesium deficiency is a vital contributing factor to the happening and arising of insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Magnesium has a critical function in controlling the level of glucose in the blood and insulin sensitivity, acting as a cofactor for various enzymes such as enzymes involved in carbohydrate oxidat...

Heterocycles, powerful inhibitors of alkaline phosphatase (AP), are compounds that hinder an enzyme crucial for vital physiological functions including bone metabolism, cell growth, and differentiation.

Diagnosing depressive disorders, especially in patients in remission, is a complex problem, depending to a large extent on the conduct of clinical research. The latter are based on personality questionnaires requiring high expertise for interpretation.In the present study, we propose the introduction of α-amylase level testing as an additional para...

The article presents the data of laboratory results on the study of the effect of phytoregulators on changes in the activity of peroxidase enzyme isoforms in dry seeds of malting barley and during their germination. It was found that the use of phytoregulators in dry grains increases the activity of peroxidase isoforms.

The experiment was conducted in Abu Ghraib at the Faculty of Engineering Sciences. Fifteen Awassi male lambs of 4-5 months-old average BW (22±2.2 kg) were used to evaluate the effects of exogenous enzyme (labazyme and Bio SB-Gold) addition on concentrate diet in-1-1 the rate of (0. 5 g h d) intake. The lambs were housed in individual cages to study...

Pada saat ini banyak sekali permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh masyarakat terutama dalam menghadapi tantangan dalam kehidupan di masa yang akan datang. Permasalahan terkini yang sering dihadapi mengenai digitalisasi, lingkungan, ekonomi dan kelembagaan. Tujuan dari KKN-Tematik ini adalah untuk memberdayakan masyarakat di Desa Wanamekar Kecamatan Wanar...

The author will outline the research history of the main issues addressed in this paper. The author has worked on this research himself. XDH, which is responsible for purine degradation, is present in various organisms. However, conversion to XO only occurs in mammals. The molecular mechanism of this conversion was elucidated in this study. The phy...

Biocatalytic processes are increasingly used in organic synthesis for the preparation of targeted molecules or the generation of molecular diversity. The search for the biocatalyst is often the bottleneck in the development of the process. We described a combinatorial approach for the selection of active strains from a library of microorganisms. In...

Dynamic variables in the non-equilibrium systems of life are determined by catalytic activities. These relate to the expression of the genome. The extent to which such a variable depends on the catalytic activity defined by a gene has become more and more important in view of the possibilities to modulate gene expression or intervene with enzyme fu...

The “one protein, one function” paradigm, similar to the “one gene, one enzyme” hypothesis that dominated our thinking for a long time, has proven to be too simplistic [...]

Inspired by multimetallic assemblies and their role in enzyme catalysis, chemists have developed a plethora of heterobimetallic complexes for application in homogeneous catalysis. Starting with small heterobimetallic complexes with σ-donating and π-accepting ligands, such as N-heterocyclic carbene and carbonyl ligands, more and more complex systems...

Diabetes is disease of both the endo- and exocrine parts of the pancreas. Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI) can occur in every 2–3 patients with diabetes and affect not only the quality, but also life expectancy. At the same time, the diagnosis and treatment of PEI is not getting enough attention. The endocrinologist, as the main specialist l...

There is a vast amount of literature concerning the appropriateness of various perturbation parameters for the standard quasi-steady state approximation in the Michaelis-Menten reaction mechanism, and also concerning the relevance of these parameters for the accuracy of the approximation by the familiar Michaelis-Menten equation. Typically, the arg...

The experiment was conducted in Abu Ghraib at the Faculty of Engineering Sciences. Fifteen Awassi male lambs of 4-5 months-old average BW (22±2.2 kg) were used to evaluate the effects of exogenous enzyme (labazyme and Bio SB-Gold) addition on concentrate diet in-1-1 the rate of (0. 5 g h d) intake. The lambs were housed in individual cages to study...

Treatment-resistant cancer, such as neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC), is a lethal disease with limited therapeutic options. RB1 is a tumor suppressor gene that is lost in a majority of NEPC tumors. In this issue of the JCI, Wang and colleagues examined how RB1 loss may sensitize cancer cells to ferroptosis inducers through elevation of ACSL4,...

The loading of RecA onto ssDNA by RecBCD is an essential step of RecBCD-mediated homologous recombination. RecBCD facilitates RecA-loading onto ssDNA in a χ-dependent manner via its RecB nuclease domain (RecB ⁿ ). Before recognition of χ, RecB ⁿ is sequestered through interactions with RecBCD. It was proposed that upon χ-recognition, RecB ⁿ undocks...

In the original publication [...]

Introduction The quest to understand the pathophysiology behind the deleterious effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak took a turn when involvement of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) receptors in different organs, especially the lungs, could explain all the clinical manifestations and adverse events in patients. The I/D...

Background It is not known whether withdrawal of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) in children with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) is beneficial similar to adults. We report a case series of children with advanced CKD whose ACEIs were stopped. Methods In the last 5 years, we stopped ACEIs in seven consecutive children on ACEI...

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The new strategies to obtain selectively protected hydroxyl function on sugar derivatives are still of the high value for the progress of glycochemistry and organic synthesis. Herein, we describe an interesting enzymatic deprotection strategy that was applied to the most commonly used glycal derivative – 3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-D-glucal. The procedure i...

Recently, Liu et al. uncovered an unexpected L-lactate-Zn2+ interaction in the active site of the deSUMOylating enzyme SENP1 that triggers a sequence of events that lead to mitotic exit. This study opens the door to new research avenues of metabolite-metal interactions controlling cellular decisions and functions.

The cardiac surgery procedures are associated with a release of enzyme troponin from the heart muscles. These troponin levels can be used to predict the post-operative outcomes. Objective: To find out the relationship between troponin I levels and length of ICU stay after open heart surgery. Methods: A total of 200 patients’ data were collected fro...

Abstract Due to its variety of biological activities, rhubarb has been widely applied worldwide with a long history. However, the potential bioactive compounds in Rheum tanguticum responsible for hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and anti‐hyperuricemic activities as well as their underlying mechanisms remain elusive. In order to explore these specific m...

Enzymes have the potential to become next-generation biocatalysts for synthesizing fine chemicals, but tailoring highly functional enzymes depending on the applications remains a challenging task. In this study, we developed a novel enzyme redesign tool called GAOptimizer to overcome this hurdle. GAOptimizer generates artificial enzymes by accumula...

It is at the chemistry-biology interface that this work that we have carried out takes place. Indeed, the expected goal is to develop simple molecules, capable of activating the catalytic action of certain metalloenzymes such as tyrosinase. The official name of an enzyme includes the type of reaction catalyzed, the name of the substrates involved....

ویرایش ژنوم مبتنی بر فناوری Cas9/CRISPR( کریسپر( به عنوان ابزار قدرتمندی برای اصالح گیاهان زراعی بهسرعت در حال گسترش است. یکی از مزایای این فناوری امکان دستورزی ژنهای هدف بدون درج DNA خارجی در گیاه است. برای این منظور نیاز است که آنزیم Cas9 و RNA راهنما بصورت کمپلکس پروتئین-RNA( RNP )به سلول گیاهی منتقل شوند. از اینرو تولید Cas9 در آزمایشگاه مق...

Directed enzyme prodrug therapy is a highly promising anti-cancer strategy. However, the current technology is limited by inefficient prodrug activation and the dose limiting toxicity associated with the prodrugs being tested; to overcome these limitations, the dinitrobenzamide mustard prodrugs, PR-104A and SN27686, have been developed. This study...

Background

Limbah dari peternakan domba berpotensi dijadikan agen berbagai penyakit dan sarang lalat. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat bertujuan untuk mengedukasi dan melatih masyarakat membuat ecoenzyme sebagai bahan baku pembuatan biodisinfektan. Pelaksanaan PKM menggunakan metode penyuluhan dengan pendekatan PRA dan pendampingan pelatihan dengan pende...

Enzymes constitute an extremely important class of biomacromolecules with diverse catalytic functions, which have been validated as key mediators for regulating cellular metabolism and maintaining homeostasis in living organisms [...]

Sampah rumah tangga cenderung berakhir di Tempat Pembuangan Akhir (TPA) menjadi sampah dan dapat merusak lingkungan, namun dengan pengelolaan yang baik dapat diolah menjadi bahan yang bernilai ekonomis. Bahan limbah seperti limbah sayuran atau kulit buah dapat diolah menjadi cairan eko-enzim multiguna. Ekoenzim merupakan senyawa organik berupa laru...

Numerous physiological and pathological cellular processes depend on the ability [...]

Background: A high-ranking scientist has recently proposed the need for direct estimation of the specificity constant rather than by calculation after a separate determination of maximum velocity and the Michaelis-Menten constant (KM). Objectives: The objectives of this study are to derive novel equations for the zero-arbitrary determination of pre...

During mitosis, a functional spindle requires high microtubule turnover. Such turnover is highlighted by the multiple functions of spindle poles, where microtubule minus ends are concentrated, and where microtubule nucleation and depolymerization happen side by side. How these seemingly antagonistic processes are coordinated during poleward microtu...

Background: "High-ranking scientists" employ the initial rate (vi), expression without consideration for the conditions under which the vi expression can be used. The consequence is the suggestion that the vi is equal to the product of maximum velocity, Vmax, and substrate concentration [S0] divided by the Michaelis-Menten constant, KM. Objectives:...

Protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) is a key enzyme in chlorophyll and heme biosynthesis, and the development of its inhibitors is of great importance both in the pharmaceutical and pesticide industries. However, the currently developed PPO inhibitors have insignificant bio-selectivity and have a serious impact on non-target organisms. In this study,...

40-45%. Для производства вин токайского типа брожение виноградного сусла проводится естественным путем без добавления спирта и других ингредиентов. После образования в сусле 14-16 об.% спирта, процесс брожения приостанавливается естественным путем. Приготовленное вино токайского типа после прохождения через различные технологические операции хранит...

A review was conducted to evaluate interventional therapy for Fabry disease. Fabry disease is a multisystemic X-linked storage disorder that affects the entire body and needs to be treated at an early age. The search was conducted using keywords such as "Fabry disease" and "Management" to review the databases. Seven studies were chosen from the 90...

We developed this protocol to identify protein-protein interactions between the enzyme glucocerebrosidase (GCase) and other proteins in human iPSC-derived Neural Precursor Cells.

We developed this protocol to identify protein-protein interactions between the enzyme glucocerebrosidase (GCase) and other proteins in human iPSC-derived Neural Precursor Cells.

Bu çalışma ile günümüzde ısınma amaçlı ve mobilyacılıkta dolgu malzemesi olarak kullanılan fındık kabuğunun organik bir materyal olan biyokömüre dönüştürülerek, farklı topraklarda yetiştirilen buğday bitkisinin rizosfer bölgesindeki mikrobiyal aktivite üzerine etkinliği araştırılmıştır. Sera şartlarında, kumlu killi-tın ve kumlu-tınlı tekstüre sahi...

“As per the SNS Insider Research, the Enzyme Substrates Market size was valued at US$ 15.37 Bn in 2022, and is Projected to reach US$ 26.03 Bn by 2030, with growing healthy CAGR of 6.8% over the Forecast Period 2023-2030.”

In this work, two multi-enzyme catalysed processes to access a 1,3,4-substituted tetrahydroisoquinoline (THIQ), using either purified enzymes or lyophilised whole-cell catalysts, are presented.

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the main cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Understanding the mechanisms of LUAD progression may provide insights into targeted therapy approaches for this malignancy. Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 2 N (UBE2N) has been demonstrated to play key roles in the progression of various cancers. However, the functions and...

Dynamic variables in the non-equilibrium systems of life are determined by catalytic activities. These relate to the expression of the genome. The extent to which such a variable depends on the catalytic activity defined by a gene has become more and more important in view of the possibilities to modulate gene expression or intervene with enzyme fu...

Children account for less than 2% of COVID-19 cases around the globe, and children experience relatively minor symptoms compared to the adult population. Various theories have been proposed to explain this phenomenon. One such theory is the involvement of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. Previous studies have...

OXIPRO harnesses the power of novel oxidoreductases for greener consumer products. This poster is a call to join our network to enable active engagement across multiple groups of stakeholders.

Sixty years have passed since Clark and Lyons proposed the concept of using glucose enzyme electrodes to monitor the oxygen that is consumed during an enzyme-catalyzed reaction [...]

A commercial glycosidase mixture obtained from Penicillium multicolor (Aromase H2) was found to comprise a specific diglycosidase activity, β-acuminosidase, alongside undetectable levels of β-apiosidase. The enzyme was tested in the transglycosylation of tyrosol using 4-nitrophenyl β-acuminoside as the diglycosyl donor. The reaction was not chemose...

Six dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) lyases were shown to cleave the marine sulfur metabolite dimethylsulfoxonium propionate (DMSOP) into DMSO and acrylate. This discovery closes a missing link in the global sulfur cycle.

Enzyme-enriched condensates can organize the spatial distribution of their substrates by catalyzing nonequilibrium reactions. Conversely, an inhomogeneous substrate distribution induces enzyme fluxes through substrate-enzyme interactions. We find that condensates move toward the center of a confining domain when this feedback is weak. Above a feedb...

Turnover numbers characterize a key property of enzymes, and their usage in constraint-based metabolic modeling is expected to increase the prediction accuracy of diverse cellular phenotypes. In vivo turnover numbers can be obtained by integrating reaction rate and enzyme abundance measurements from individual experiments. Yet, their contribution t...

Some bacteria can reduce N 2 O in the presence of O 2 , whereas others cannot. It is unclear whether this trait of aerobic N 2 O reduction is related to the phylogeny and structure of N 2 O reductase.