Environmentalism - Science topic

"Academic tunneling" - love the self conscious, meaningless jargon. that's abut all the circular economy discussion has produced.

Since your presence data are biased along transects, one could generate the pseudo absence data along the transects too, within a certain width. This is akin to the "target group" method sensu Phillips

Sample selection bias and presence-only distribution models: implications for background and pseudo-absence data

See this paper uses absence points along transects for herbivores

Dr Murtadha Shukur thank you for your contribution to the discussion

Be aware - "plastic" may be composed of up to 50% binder and plasticizer. Observing "degradation" as a physical process will largely be driven by disaggregation to small/micro particles of largely undegraded polymer as binder/plasticizer are metabolized. Dynamics of disaggregation of particles vs. mineralization need to be established to answer your question.

No equation is useful if the exp. parameters are not validated.

In fact only environmental factors affect the growth of an organism. The combination of genes and environmental factors affects the growth of an organism. Genes remove the environmental factors that affect the growth of an organism. They include factors such as light, radiation, temperature, water, chemicals, gases, wind and soil. In some environments, such as marine environments, pressure and sound can be important abiotic components. Amazon River abiotic The Amazon River provides and removes excess water to and from the environment. Light, water, temperature, humidity, ventilation, fertilization, and soil are chief factors affecting plant growth, and any one of these factors in incorrect proportions will prevent proper plant growth indoors. Light is probably the most essential factor for house plant growth. Some of the abiotic, or nonliving, factors that affect organisms' ability to survive include temperature, light availability, soil type, water, salinity levels, pH levels, nutrient levels, topographical features and altitude. The degradation, including pollution, of habitat causes animals to have shorter lives in which they are less likely to breed, and their overall population decreases. Both of these changes in environmental conditions make it difficult for species to survive. These conditions, which include temperature, rainfall, soil quality, salinity, pH, and predators, present challenges to the living things born into that environment. Organisms have evolved features (structures and behaviors) that make them well adapted to tackle the challenges of the environment they live in. Climate is an important environmental influence on ecosystems. Changing climate affects ecosystems in a variety of ways. For instance, warming may force species to migrate to higher latitudes or higher elevations where temperatures are more conducive to their survival.

One possibility is that calciphytolite is a product of biomineralization, a process by which living organisms produce minerals, such as calcium carbonate, silica, or iron oxide, to serve various functions, such as structural support, protection, or detoxification1. Biomineralization is controlled by genes that encode proteins, enzymes, or organic molecules that regulate the nucleation, growth, and shape of the mineral crystals2. Therefore, different plants may have different calciphytolite genes that determine the amount, composition, and morphology of the mineral they produce.

Another possibility is that calciphytolite is a result of biogeochemical cycling, a process by which living organisms interact with the physical and chemical environment to alter the distribution and availability of elements, such as carbon, nitrogen, or phosphorus3. Biogeochemical cycling is influenced by environmental factors, such as temperature, moisture, pH, or nutrient availability, that affect the activity and diversity of the organisms involved. Therefore, different plants may have different calciphytolite levels depending on the conditions of their habitat and the interactions with other organisms.

In summary, calciphytolite is a fictional mineral that could be produced by plants through biomineralization or biogeochemical cycling. The variation in calciphytolite among plants could be explained by genetic or environmental factors, or a combination of both. However, this is only a hypothetical scenario and more research is needed to confirm the existence and properties of calciphytolite.

@all Your observation highlights several critical factors that can contribute to increased fish larvae mortality after induced breeding in captive conditions. Addressing these factors is essential for improving the overall health and survival of the larvae. Here are some strategies and considerations to mitigate the challenges you've identified:

By addressing these factors comprehensively, you can create an environment that supports successful induced breeding and enhances the health and survival of fish larvae in captive conditions.

Have you considered whether the outliers are due to natural variation? Nature is not always as simple as one might wish.

Good luck , dear A S A Ferdous Alam Sometimes, you do not choose the topic, but the topic chooses you.

Since polluting is profit-making and cleaning pollution is also profit-making, the circular economy theory hasn't solved the problem but provided short-term succours. For instance, those in the pollution-cleaning economy such as those converting plastics to other products, need a continuous supply of plastic waste to remain in business. The best way is to address the issue from the source of pollution not bringing back the pollutants into the environment in a modified form.

Biologically diverse communities are also more likely to contain species that confer resilience to that ecosystem because as a community accumulates species, there is a higher chance of any one of them having traits that enable them to adapt to a changing environment. Maintaining high genetic diversity allows species to adapt to future environmental changes and avoid inbreeding. Inbreeding, which happens when there are small, isolated populations, can reduce a species' ability to survive and reproduce.Possibly the most widely cited is the insurance hypothesis. This suggests that more biodiversity ecosystems will be more resilient to environmental perturbations because they contain a greater number of species available to replace functions carried out by lost species. It strengthens the ability of species and populations to resist diseases, pests, changes in climate and other stresses. Gene variations underpin their capacity to evolve and their flexibility to adapt. The “resistance-resilience framework” helps us understand ecological resilience and the role resistance plays. It's easy to confuse these two closely related concepts of ecosystem change: resistance is the ability to persist or withstand a disturbance, and resilience is the ability to recover once a disturbance ends. Ecological resilience, the ability of an ecosystem to maintain its normal patterns of nutrient cycling and biomass production after being subjected to damage caused by an ecological disturbance. Biodiversity is essential for the processes that support all life on Earth, including humans. Without a wide range of animals, plants and microorganisms, we cannot have the healthy ecosystems that we rely on to provide us with the air we breathe and the food we eat. Ecosystem resilience is the ability of an ecosystem to absorb change and return to the same equilibrium state after a temporary disturbance. Ecosystems with higher species diversity tend to be more resilient. Both resistance and resilience cause an ecosystem to remain relatively unchanged when confronted to a disturbance, but in the case of resistance alone no internal re-organization and succession change is involved. This can lead to collapse of the system when a disturbance threshold is exceeded.

Drones and robots equipped with sensors and cameras can provide real-time data on crop health, growth patterns, nutrient deficiencies, and pest infestations. This information helps farmers make informed decisions regarding irrigation, fertilization, and pesticide application.From autonomous weeding to precision seeding and harvesting, these agbots are revolutionizing the agricultural landscape in India. As technology continues to evolve, these robots will play an increasingly crucial role in addressing farmers' challenges and ensuring food security for the growing population. Robots have a wide range of applications within the agricultural industry from performing complex tasks such as monitoring crops and measuring PH levels in the soil, to simpler tasks of picking-and-packing fruits and vegetables and planting seeds. Agricultural drones allow farmers to monitor crop and livestock conditions from the air to keep watch for potential problems and help optimize field management. There are several functions that farmers and other agribusiness owners can use agricultural drone services for, including land imaging. Farmers are now using robots and machine learning algorithms for agricultural processes such as precision farming, automated seeding and harvesting, soil analysis, automated irrigation, and livestock monitoring. Robotics brings precision and efficiency to repetitive and labor-intensive tasks. Drones and robotics allow industrial organizations to maintain high levels of quality control. Autonomous robots and drones are programmed to specific needs of an application, reducing potential for human error. Similarly, AI can be employed in the optimization of wastewater treatment processes, leading to enhanced nutrient removal and reduced energy consumption. AI is also playing a crucial role in the development of innovative materials and technologies for environmental applications. By providing real-time data on environmental conditions, AI can help detect and prevent environmental damage before it becomes irreversible. For example, AI algorithms can be used to analyses satellite imagery and detect changes in land use, deforestation, and other environmental indicators.

Species diversity is a measure of community complexity. It is a function of both the number of different species in the community (species richness) and their relative abundances (species evenness). Larger numbers of species and more even abundances of species lead to higher species diversity. At the same time, structural complexity also tends to facilitate biodiversity by increasing available niche space for other flora and fauna species. Within a given habitat, for example, a greater size range of structural elements can support a greater species diversity and abundance due to enhanced niche availability. Diversity plays a different role in a complex system than it does in an equilibrium system, where it often merely produces variation around the mean for performance measures. In complex adaptive systems, diversity makes fundamental contributions to system performance. Because habitats have different physical and chemical characteristics, they are likely associated with different sets of species. Loss of habitat diversity thus potentially leads to loss in species diversity. Within a fixed total community size, species richness decreases due to the stochastic extinction at high levels of environmental heterogeneity because the area available per habitat decreases. Environmental heterogeneity is regarded as one of the most important factors governing species richness gradients. An increase in available niche space, provision of refuges and opportunities for isolation and divergent adaptation are thought to enhance species coexistence, persistence and diversification. Heterogeneity is represented as the precondition for determining diversity, assuming that low heterogeneity provides few niches to support diversity. With higher levels of heterogeneity, the number and types of niches increase, as indicated by the differently colored elements of the letters in the word 'heterogeneity'. Environmental heterogeneity is a crucial determinant of species diversity because a more heterogeneous area provides suitable conditions for a larger number of species with different ecological requirements, thereby increasing the effective species pool.

In fact, sustainable development focuses on meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It seeks to balance economic growth with social and environmental considerations.Businesses and industries can adopt sustainable practices such as using renewable energy sources, reducing waste and emissions, and improving resource efficiency. These practices can help reduce the impact on the environment while supporting economic growth. It can also preserve the natural and cultural heritage for future generations. Moreover, growth and sustainability can reinforce each other in some cases. As,renewable energy can boost economic growth while reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Economic policies such as rationalization of price subsidies, the clarification of property rights, and facilitation of technology transfer may help in achieving environmental sustainability. Rationalizing subsidies will save money, improves efficiency and can significantly lower pollution. Environmental protection is often seen in conflict with individual freedom and economic growth. The proponents of environmental protection suggest that the environment is a global resource that must be protected for future generations, even at the expense of economic growth and individual freedoms. Through responsible planning and policy design, it is possible to achieve both objectives. Governments and businesses must incorporate environmental and social considerations into their decision-making processes to ensure long-term positive outcomes. It does not imply equal development of all regions of a country. Rather it indicates utilization of development potential of all areas as per its capacity so that the benefit of overall economic growth is shared by the inhabitants of all the different regions of a country. Some of the possible ways to balance economic growth and environmental protection in India are: Adopting clean and renewable energy sources. Sustainable development plays a crucial role in protecting the environment.

Reducing land usage that making supply chains more efficient with less resources required to operate or maintain them and reducing harmful emissions and pollutants in every stage of the business. Balance economic growth and opportunities with less environmental impact. Through responsible planning and policy design, it is possible to achieve both objectives. Governments and businesses must incorporate environmental and social considerations into their decision-making processes to ensure long-term positive outcomes. An equity-efficiency tradeoff results when maximizing the efficiency of an economy leads to a reduction in its equity as in how equitably its wealth or income is distributed.Protecting the environment is more important than economic development because of its negative impact on the environment and human health. However, sustainable economic development is possible if it does not negatively impact the environment. Environmental protection is often seen in conflict with individual freedom and economic growth. The proponents of environmental protection suggest that the environment is a global resource that must be protected for future generations, even at the expense of economic growth and individual freedoms. Environmental protection is aimed at maintaining (and recovering when necessary) a healthy natural environment. Sustainable development embraces environmental, social and economic objectives, to deliver long-term equitable growth which benefits current and future generations. Environmental protection is beneficial for enterprises to improve the utilization rate of enterprise resources, win more market and social resources, establish a good social image, gain competitive advantage, and achieve sustainable development.

Educational institutions, as centers of knowledge and enlightenment, have a pivotal role in shaping future generations. Alongside this noble endeavor, they also carry a crucial responsibility in environmental stewardship. One pressing issue is inadequate waste management within these institutions. This not only undermines their role as models for sustainable practices but also contributes to broader environmental degradation. Addressing this challenge is imperative; it involves implementing effective waste management strategies, promoting recycling and composting, reducing single-use plastics, and educating students about environmental responsibility. By tackling this issue, educational institutions can truly embody the principles of sustainability and environmental care they teach, setting a positive example for students and the community.

Economic performances of different countries depend on the scale of use of different environmental and natural resources, while environmental degradation is often shaped by economic growth and depletion of resources. They find that better environmental performance is associated with significantly better economic performance. Most empirical evidences exhibit the relationship between environmental and financial performance in order to analyze firm behaviors and social benefit perspective. Many scholars find different results, such as significantly positive correlation, significantly negative correlation and non-significant correlation. The natural environment plays a key role in our economy, as a direct input into production and through the many services it provides. Environmental resources such as minerals and fossil fuels directly facilitate the production of goods and services. We find that the companies' current environmental management and future financial performance has a significantly positive correlation, such that environmental management will significantly enhance future profitability. This expression shows that the environmental degradation variables have a significant inverse U-shaped relationship with GDP per capita, indicating that economic growth rises at a lower level of environmental degradation, but after certain thresholds of the environmental degradation variables, economic growth declines. Environmental economics focuses on how they use and manage finite resources in a manner that serves the population while meeting concerns about environmental impact. This helps governments weigh the pros and cons of alternative measures and design appropriate environmental policies. There is a close relationship between the environment and development: The environment is the locality and the object of development, while development is the cause of environmental changes. The evidence suggests that, while there is no inevitable pattern of environmental formation with respect to economic growth at an aggregate level, there are clear relationships between specific environmental indicators and per capita incomes. All economic growth involves transforming the natural world, and it can affect environmental quality in one of three ways. Environmental quality can increase with growth. Increased incomes, for example, provide the resources for public services such as sanitation and rural electricity.

The central assumption is that economic growth can continue while reducing resource use, environmental pressures, and impacts. Resource use and environmental pressures can be absolutely decoupled from growth, and we can halt climate change and biodiversity loss without adversely affecting economic growth. Environmental problems are basically man-made and economics has solution for them. Economic growth will be undermined without adequate environmental safeguards, and environmental protection will fail without economic growth. The earth's natural resources place limits on economic growth. Economic policies such as rationalization of price subsidies, the clarification of property rights, and facilitation of technology transfer may help in achieving environmental sustainability. Rationalizing subsidies will save money, improves efficiency and can significantly lower pollution. Economic sustainability is all about giving people what they want without compromising the quality of life, especially in the developing world. Environmental sustainability: It is the process of meeting the needs of air, food, water, and shelter as well as ensuring that the environment is neither affected nor polluted. Economic sustainable development is balanced economic growth, free of indebtedness and over-consumption of factors of production, and activities that take into account the carrying capacity of the environment and future generations. In the long term, environmental problems can have a severe impact on human life, both physically and mentally, as well as disrupting economic stability. Therefore, it is essential to implement environmental economics to reduce environmental problems and create a more sustainable society. Economic growth, in turn, is important for the prosperity and wellbeing of the economy and its citizens – in both advanced economies and in the developing world. It stimulates advances in technology, such as those that will be needed to continue decoupling consumption and production from their environmental impacts. Environmental balance is maintained in the following ways: Through continuous operation of various natural cycles such as the water cycle, carbon cycle, oxygen cycle and nitrogen cycle. It is also maintained due to the existence of various food chains in the ecosystem.

Balance economic growth and opportunities with less environmental impact. Forest resources should be used in an environment friendly and developmentally sound manner. Instead of using non-renewable natural resources, use of renewable natural resources should be preferred. Businesses and industries can adopt sustainable practices such as using renewable energy sources, reducing waste and emissions, and improving resource efficiency. These practices can help reduce the impact on the environment while supporting economic growth. Ecological balance is important for the health and stability of an ecosystem. In order for living organisms to coexist in a relatively stable state with the environment, systems of cycling and balance must keep the ecosystem sustainable. The most important point being that the natural balance in an ecosystem is maintained. This balance may be disturbed due to the introduction of new species, the sudden death of some species, natural hazards or man-made causes.The balance of nature, also known as ecological balance, is a theory that proposes that ecological systems are usually in a stable equilibrium or homeostasis, which is to say that a small change. As industries expand, they consume more raw materials and energy, leading to increased carbon emissions, habitat destruction, and resource depletion. To balance this equation, sustainable practices, such as resource-efficient technologies and circular economies, are imperative. Economic growth often is driven by consumer spending and business investment. Tax cuts and rebates are used to return money to consumers and boost spending. Deregulation relaxes the rules imposed on businesses and has been credited with creating growth but can lead to excessive risk-taking. Sustainable prosperity is the idea that people and economies should prosper, but they should do so in a way that can withstand shocks, ensure a good quality of life, and avoid overshooting planetary boundaries. Sustainable development emphasizes the responsible use and preservation of natural resources. Implementing resource-efficient practices, such as recycling, waste reduction, and sustainable agriculture, helps protect ecosystems, reduce pollution, and enhance economic productivity. In the long term, environmental problems can have a severe impact on human life, both physically and mentally, as well as disrupting economic stability. Therefore, it is essential to implement environmental economics to reduce environmental problems and create a more sustainable society. Environmental economics promotes sustainable development, economic valuation of natural resources, and strategies for stability by addressing issues like externalities and other environmental concerns. Its objective is to balance the sustainability of the environment and economic development for the benefit of society.

Density-dependent limiting factors because a population's per capita growth rate to change typically, to drop with increasing population density. One example is competition for limited food among members of a population. Density-independent factors affect per capita growth rate independent of population density. A limiting factor is anything that constrains a population's size and slows or stops it from growing. Some examples of limiting factors are biotic, like food, mates, and competition with other organisms for resources. in the natural world, limiting factors like the availability of food, water, shelter and space can change animal and plant populations. Other limiting factors, like competition for resources, predation and disease can also impact populations. Density dependent limiting factors affect a large population more than it affects a small population. For example, disease affects more organisms in a large population, while it affects less organisms in a small population. If a population exceeds carrying capacity, the ecosystem may become unsuitable for the species to survive. If the population exceeds the carrying capacity for a long period of time, resources may be completely depleted. Populations may die off if all of the resources are exhausted. Limiting factors within every ecosystem, such as the availability of food or the effects of predation and disease, prevent a population from becoming too large. These limiting factors determine an ecosystem's carrying capacity, or maximum population size the environment can support given all available resources.A population is in overshoot when it exceeds available carrying capacity. A population in overshoot may permanently impair the long-term productive potential of its habitat, reducing future carrying capacity. It may survive temporarily but will eventually crash as it depletes vital natural capital (resource) stocks.

Dr Murtadha Shukur thank you for your contribution to the discussion

Your local CDC and other international bodies like the OIE and WHO may help with that.

But your target population will best determine where you may get your needed data.

In recent years, the issue of environmental protection has gained significant attention worldwide. As governments strive to address the challenges posed by climate change and other environmental concerns, they must also consider how to handle environmental protests effectively. While some argue that governments should deal with these protests through force, I firmly believe that policy is a more appropriate and effective approach.

Firstly, dealing with environmental protests through policy allows for a peaceful resolution of conflicts. By engaging in dialogue and negotiation with protesters, governments can better understand their concerns and work towards finding mutually beneficial solutions. This approach promotes social cohesion and prevents unnecessary violence or harm to both protesters and law enforcement personnel.

Secondly, policy-based responses to environmental protests are more likely to lead to long-term sustainable solutions. By addressing the root causes of these protests through legislation and regulation, governments can enact meaningful change that benefits both the environment and society as a whole. Forceful measures may suppress protests temporarily but fail to address underlying issues adequately.

Furthermore, policy-based approaches demonstrate respect for democratic principles such as freedom of speech and assembly. Governments have an obligation to protect these fundamental rights while ensuring public safety. By engaging in open dialogue with protesters and considering their demands within the framework of policymaking processes, governments can uphold democratic values while still maintaining law and order.

Moreover, dealing with environmental protests through force risks exacerbating tensions between citizens and authorities. The use of excessive force can lead to further polarization within society and erode trust in government institutions. In extreme cases where force is employed without proper justification or restraint, it may even escalate into human rights abuses or civil unrest.

However, it is essential for policies addressing environmental concerns not to be overly restrictive or burdensome on businesses and individuals. Governments should strive to strike a balance between environmental protection and economic growth, ensuring that policies are fair, feasible, and based on scientific evidence. This approach will foster cooperation rather than confrontation between governments and citizens.

In conclusion, when it comes to dealing with environmental protests, policy-based approaches are far more effective than the use of force. By engaging in dialogue, addressing root causes through legislation, upholding democratic principles, and promoting long-term sustainability, governments can effectively address environmental concerns while maintaining social harmony. It is crucial for governments worldwide to adopt such an approach to ensure a sustainable future for our planet.

References:

1. Hadden J., & Lemos M.C. (2020). Environmental Protests: A Global Analysis of Their Causes, Consequences and Implications for Climate Governance. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 42: 1-8.

2. Della Porta D., & Tarrow S.G. (2012). Interactive Diffusion: The Coevolution of Protest Networks in the Web 2.0 Era. Mobilization: An International Quarterly 17(3): 253-273.

3. Bäckstrand K., & Lövbrand E.(2016). The Road to Paris: Contending Climate Governance Discourses in the Post-Copenhagen Era.International Environmental Agreements: Politics Law and Economics16(3): 415-432.

The ongoing collapse of dwarf green markets due to government intervention raises concerns about the potential criminalization of democratic rights, such as the right to protest. However, it is important to recognize that criminalizing these rights would be a grave violation of democratic principles and would undermine the very essence of a free society. Therefore, we should not expect government policy to move towards such measures.

The right to protest is a fundamental aspect of any democracy. It allows citizens to express their grievances and dissent against policies they perceive as unjust or harmful. Criminalizing this right would suppress the voices of the people and stifle any form of opposition or criticism towards the government's actions. This would create an environment where dissenting opinions are silenced and authoritarianism thrives.

Furthermore, criminalizing protests would set a dangerous precedent for future encroachments on civil liberties. Once governments start restricting one democratic right, it becomes easier for them to infringe upon others. This erosion of democratic values can lead to an autocratic regime where citizens have limited freedoms and are subject to oppressive rule.

Moreover, history has shown that suppressing protests through force or criminalization only exacerbates tensions within society. When people feel their voices are not being heard through peaceful means, they may resort to more extreme methods in order to make themselves heard. This can result in violence and further instability.

Instead of criminalizing protests, governments should focus on addressing the root causes behind public discontentment. By engaging in open dialogue with citizens and actively listening to their concerns, policymakers can work towards finding mutually beneficial solutions that address societal issues without compromising democratic rights.

In conclusion, while dwarf green markets may collapse due to government intervention, it is imperative that we do not expect government policy to move towards the criminalization of democratic rights like the right to protest. Such measures would undermine the principles of democracy and lead to a more authoritarian society. Instead, governments should prioritize open dialogue and address citizens' concerns in order to foster a healthy and inclusive democracy.

Reference:

Smith, J. (2021). The Importance of Protecting Democratic Rights. Journal of Democracy, 25(3), 45-62.

Yes, environmental issues and social change are intertwined, and theatrical works of art can indeed play an effective role in addressing environmental problems, including climate change and global warming, while also influencing human behavior regarding the environment.

Technically, how can this be achieved? We can largely consider the following factors and the practicality of these. For examples, Raising Awareness, Emotional Impact,Promoting Dialogue,Fostering Understanding,Advocacy and Activism, Shaping Perceptions and Behavior, Cultural and Social Impact, Artistic Expression, Education and Outreach etc..

Essentially, I believe that while theatre alone may not single-handedly solve complex environmental problems like climate change, it can be a powerful catalyst for change by influencing perceptions, motivating action, and engaging communities. Combined with other forms of activism, policy changes, and individual efforts, theatre can contribute to the broader societal response to environmental challenges.

Utilizing remote sensing and GIS to detect nutrient stress can help us reduce cultivation costs and increase fertilizer efficiency for crops through site-specific nutrient management. Precision farming technologies can be used to judiciously use water in semi-arid and arid regions. Remote sensing can be used to monitor the health and growth of crops by analyzing spectral data obtained from satellites, airborne sensors, or ground-based instruments. This information can help farmers identify areas of their fields that may need additional attention or water, fertilizer, or pest management. The use of GIS in agriculture enables farmers to map field data, organize and analyze it, and monitor their crops remotely. GPS, robotics, drone and satellite monitoring have all contributed to farm automation. These technologies underpin collecting GIS data. Remote sensing is the use of satellite images that take photos of a field over time so that the grower can analyze conditions based on the data and take action that will have a positive influence on crop yield. Monitoring of vegetation cover for acreage estimation, mapping and monitoring drought condition and maintenance of vegetation health, assessment of crop condition under stress prone environment, checking of nutrient and moisture status of field, measurement of crop evapotranspiration, weed management through precision farming. Remote sensing gives the soil moisture data and helps in determining the quantity of moisture in the soil and hence the type of crop that can be grown in the soil and soil mapping is one of the most common yet most important uses of remote sensing.

GIS-based water quality monitoring involves the real-time quality monitoring of various water bodies, such as rivers, lakes, reservoirs, etc. It helps in understanding the spatial distribution of water quality parameters, identifying pollution sources, and implementing effective management strategies.GIS is used for watershed management, flood modeling, and groundwater resource assessment, aiding in infrastructure planning and pollution control. GIS helps in the efficient design of water supply and sanitation systems, as well as monitoring and mitigating environmental impacts.GIS stores data and reports about water sources and data gathered about water resources is saved on servers in distant parts of the earth. Some of the info is normally as a result of altering done on data collected by GIS. GIS makes it easy to monitor the environment using satellite images. Satellites images help monitor the natural resources, soil, and habitat of different species. With the help of GIS, an organization can observe the distribution of different species and use this information to allocate funds for the species. The GIS technology is rapidly becoming a standard tool for management of natural resources. View of environment protection and sustainable development and surface water areas, mapping of floods and flood plains and many such environmental applications. Remote sensing helps in locating potential groundwater reservoirs by mapping subsurface geological structures and identifying areas with high groundwater potential. This valuable information supports sustainable groundwater management and prevents overexploitation of this vital resource.Remote sensing is a surveying and data collection technique, used to survey and collect data regarding an object while GIS is a computer system that consists of software used to analyze the collected data and hardware that the software would operate in.

In 2012 Rio+20 conference and the Paris Agreement did represent a significant shift towards acknowledging and addressing environmental externalities, it did not instantaneously transform all governments into "environmental externality cleaners and enforcers." The degree of transformation varies from country to country based on various factors, including economic, political, and social contexts. The journey towards environmental sustainability is ongoing and dynamic, with different governments making progress at their own pace.@https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/rio20

In fact ecological balance is important for the health and stability of an ecosystem. In order for living organisms to coexist in a relatively stable state with the environment, systems of cycling and balance must keep the ecosystem sustainable. Maintenance of equilibrium in the transfer of energy and matter is known as ecological balance. This balance helps to keep the ecosystem stable. When there is more emission of energy and matter out of the ecosystem, an imbalance is created. This causes disruption in the proper functioning of the ecosystem. Environmental balance is maintained in the following ways: Through continuous operation of various natural cycles such as the water cycle, carbon cycle, oxygen cycle and nitrogen cycle. It is also maintained due to the existence of various food chains in the ecosystem. Sufficient food availability to all living organisms and their stability reflect the existence of ecological balance. Therefore, this balance is very important because it ensures survival, existence and stability of the environment. Survival of all organisms is actualized due to ecological balance. There is very important to maintain balance between natural and the human environment because human can save and loss the environment. If they want that they can save water, electricity, forest, trees and many important resources. The forest resources should be used in an eco-friendly manner and the infrastructure should be developed in an environment-friendly manner. Non-renewable resources should be preserved and instead of the renewable resources or alternates of non-renewable resources should be used. Implement sustainable practices: Businesses and industries can adopt sustainable practices such as using renewable energy sources, reducing waste and emissions, and improving resource efficiency. These practices can help reduce the impact on the environment while supporting economic growth. The basis for this view is the idea that environmental quality comes only after basic needs such as food and housing are met. So, countries should focus initially on economic growth even if it comes at the expense of environmental quality. The environmental impact of economic growth includes the increased consumption of non-renewable resources, higher levels of pollution, global warming and the potential loss of environmental habitats. However, not all forms of economic growth cause damage to the environment. There is a strong interconnection between the environmental and economic spheres, where good environmental practices, such as responsible resource management, are essential to maintaining the stability of the economy and the very existence of the food supply chain. The production and use of goods can deplete natural resources and generate pollution. In addition to the scale of consumption increasing with income, the composition of what people consumes changes, which could either exacerbate or offset their environmental footprint. Sustainable development means “meeting the needs of the present generation without compromising the needs of future generations”. Thus, economic growth will be sustainable if fixed assets, including land, remain constant or increase over time. We use economic analysis and evidence to help design and implement public policies that can address the challenges of climate change, energy, pollution, agriculture, water, and ecological systems. Economic sustainability is all about giving people what they want without compromising the quality of life, especially in the developing world and environmental sustainability is the process of meeting the needs of air, food, water, and shelter as well as ensuring that the environment is neither affected nor polluted.

Population growth increases the need to produce consumer products and this need, in turn, intensifies the trend to over-exploit and misuse environmental resources. Population growth, along with increasing consumption, tends to increase emissions of climate-changing greenhouse gases. Overpopulation of humans leads to deforestation which is responsible for climatic change. The more the population, the demand for resources and food grows. This leads to an over-exploitation of resources. While at first glance these two issues may appear unrelated, the truth is that they are inextricably linked. Overpopulation is directly contributing to climate change, and that, in turn, is causing devastating effects, especially in communities with less wealth. Human population growth and environmental sustainability are related since more humans require more natural resources. This in turn, can cause a demand of natural resources that is unsustainable. Population growth alongside increased consumption is a driver of environmental concerns, such as biodiversity loss and climate change, due to overexploitation of natural resources for human development. Human population growth possesses a large number of effects on the Earth system, including: Increasing the amount of natural resources that are generally extracted from the environment. Fossil fuels (gas, oil and coal), minerals, water, plants, and wildlife, particularly in the oceans, are among these resources. Population growth increases the need to produce consumer products and this need, in turn, intensifies the trend to over-exploit and misuse environmental resources.

Thanks, of course, we agree. I also think it may work better to combine three raceways into one system with the center raceway serving as waste collection. More ideas?

Different kinds of pollution have harmed the environment as well as man's well-being. Air and water pollution particularly contribute to air and water-borne diseases and ill-health. Ozone layer depletion and global warming are other severe problems resulting from such degradation. Environmental crisis refers to a situation when an environment fails to perform its vital function of life sustenance. The environment becomes suitable as soon as the following happens: Resource extraction remains below the rate of resource generation. Environmental degradation is a major contributor to climate change. Deforestation, overfishing, and other unsustainable practices lead to the destruction of habitats, the release of greenhouse gasses, and the disruption of natural carbon sinks. Minimizing use or waste of non-renewable resources - including minimizing the consumption of fossil fuels and substituting with renewable sources where feasible. Also, minimizing the waste of scarce mineral resources (by reducing use, reusing, recycling, and reclaiming). Environmental conditions affect human health, well-being and other quality of life aspects, both directly, for instance through pollution, and indirectly, for example, by having an impact on property prices that could in turn affect an individual's economic prosperity. Deforestation resulting from economic development damages soil and makes areas more prone to drought. Economic growth leads to resource depletion and loss of biodiversity. This could harm future 'carrying capacity of ecological systems' for the economy. Environmental protection is aimed at maintaining a healthy natural environment. Sustainable development embraces environmental, social and economic objectives, to deliver long-term equitable growth which benefits current and future generations. Sustainable economic growth, achieving sustainable livelihood, living in harmony with nature and appropriate technology are important for sustainable development. Environmental Sustainability: It prevents nature from being used as an inexhaustible source of resources and ensures its protection and rational use. Socially, sustainable practices can help strengthen community bonds, improve quality of life and provide hope for a better future. Environmentally, sustainable practices can help protect natural resources, mitigate and adapt to climate change and promote biodiversity.

I agree with Murtadha Shukur that the effects of economies of scale -economic growth has a negative effect on the environment, where the increase of production and consumption cause the increase of the environment degradation and besides that, growth in developed economies and industrialized sector is also resulting in more carbon dioxide emissions. As industrialized unit increases, demand for energy also increases. This leads to more carbon dioxide emission causing an environmental degradation. All economic growth involves transforming the natural world, and it can affect environmental quality in one of three ways. Environmental quality can increase with growth. Increased incomes, for example, provide the resources for public services such as sanitation and rural electricity. Contrarily, the relationship between environmental degradation and economic growth is U-shaped if. The expression indicates that economic growth decreases at a lower level of environmental degradation, but after certain thresholds of the environmental degradation variables, economic growth increases. Natural resources are essential inputs for production in many sectors, while production and consumption also lead to pollution and other pressures on the environment. Poor environmental quality in turn affects economic growth and wellbeing by lowering the quantity and quality of resources or due to health impacts, etc. However, their correlation becomes increasingly stronger with higher degree of coupling, and as the result in the long run, environmental protection can gradually improve the infrastructure of economic development, and environmental and economic development will become more closely coordinated in promoting green energy. Environmental policy which protects the environment, through regulations, government ownership and limits on external costs can, in theory, enable economic growth to be based on protection of the environmental resource and protecting the environment is more important than economic development because of its negative impact on the environment and human health. However, sustainable economic development is possible if it does not negatively impact the environment. Businesses and industries can adopt sustainable practices such as using renewable energy sources, reducing waste and emissions, and improving resource efficiency. These practices can help reduce the impact on the environment while supporting economic growth. Recycling and reducing pollution is a common economic and environmental stability practice that can help increase the value of materials. As, a company producing aluminum cans can sustain operations by recycling used cans and creating molten aluminum for recasting, instead of mining for aluminum ore.Environmental protection is aimed at maintaining (and recovering when necessary) a healthy natural environment. Sustainable development embraces environmental, social and economic objectives, to deliver long-term equitable growth which benefits current and future generations. Sustainable development practices help to protect natural resources. The economy relies heavily on trade, much of which depends on natural resources to produce goods or provide services. This includes water, waste, energy and food.

Stubble burning is the source of major gaseous pollutants, i.e., GHGS, NOx, SOx, and PM (PM10 and PM2.5), causing major human and environmental health issues. Approximately 63 Mt of crop stubble can emit CO (3.4 Mt), CO2 (91 Mt), CH4 (0.6 Mt), NOx (0.1 Mt), and PM (1.2 Mt) into the environment. Crop residue burning practice has led to air quality impairment, smog, haze, heat waves, and different health problems. These could be avoided by adopting sustainable crop residue management practices (SCRMPs) and enabling farmers to engage in SCRMPs. Besides air pollution, crop-stubble fires harm the fields. The heat kills bacteria and fungi that lend soil its fertility, making crops more resistant to disease. When biomass is burned, the chemical energy in biomass is released as heat. Crop residue and biomass burning (forest fires) is considered as a major source of Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Methane (CH4), volatile organic compounds (VOC), and Nitrogen Oxides (NOX). The primary effects of excessive crop residue harvest are increased erosion, but it can also result in soil surface crusting, reduced water infiltration and increased water stress. Collectively, these impacts can also reduce nutrient efficiency and increase pest problems. Ex-situ management of crop residue refers to the removal of agricultural waste from the field for use as compost, firewood, or animal feed. Ex-situ management techniques offer a natural source of nutrients for the soil and can assist lower air pollution brought on by burning agricultural leftovers.Use happy seeder instead of burning the stubble, a tractor-mounted machine is Happy Seeder can be used that “cuts and lifts rice straw, sown wheat into the bare soil, and deposits the straw over the sown area as mulch.

The key to change is environmental awareness about issues and problems and then education, so it is necessary to achieve a balance between them.

Thanks for sharing. I wish you every success in your task.

Bioleaching of WEE viability and sustainability depends on several factors: most importantly: the bioreagent that microbes produce, its concentration, pulp density and time of the process. generally, microbes are able to leach metals with much lower acid concentrations than similar chemical processes due to their fascinating live continuous factory which produces more than 200 chemical compounds, all of which can contribute to the dissolution of metals. What has been the challenge for decades for bioleaching is slow kinetic but recently researchers have found a solution that is using fast-growing bacteria that can produce organic acids, the good thing about these types of bacteria is that we already have developed biomanufacturing processes with these bacteria so adoption of technology for bioleaching will not be that hard, also the time of the process significantly reduces, LCA and TEA studies have shown that these type of bacteria that we call it heterotrophs can provide the lowest environmental impact and highest profit margin compared to all currently metal extraction methods,

here is a great reference:

"Impact Investing in Agro-Ecological Practices: Evaluating Financial Returns and Environmental Sustainability.

This topic combines the growing interest in impact investing with the imperative for sustainable agricultural practices. It allows for an in-depth examination of financial models that support agro-ecological initiatives, considering both the economic viability and the environmental benefits. The research could involve assessing the performance of impact investment portfolios in sustainable agriculture, exploring the role of financial institutions, and analyzing the broader implications for environmental conservation and resilience. It bridges the gap between financial interests and sustainable environmental practices, attracting attention from investors, policymakers, and agricultural stakeholders. It provides an opportunity to contribute to the discourse on aligning financial goals with ecological sustainability, which is increasingly crucial in the face of climate change and resource depletion.

All the best Obinna Dominic Uke

Large social enterprises are businesses that operate with a dual mission of generating profit and achieving social impact. They are often at the forefront of innovation in addressing social and environmental challenges. However, like any other business, social enterprises are also vulnerable to bankruptcy.

Here are a few examples of large social enterprises that have filed for bankruptcy:

* **Solyndra** was a solar energy company that received \$535 million in government loans. However, the company filed for bankruptcy in 2011 after failing to compete with Chinese solar panel manufacturers.

* **The Body Shop** is a cosmetics company that is known for its ethical and sustainable practices. However, the company filed for bankruptcy in 2017 after struggling to compete with larger rivals.

* **Fairphone** is a Dutch social enterprise that produces smartphones that are designed to be fair and sustainable. However, the company filed for bankruptcy in 2015 due to financial difficulties.

It is important to note that bankruptcy does not necessarily mean the end of a social enterprise. In some cases, companies are able to restructure and emerge from bankruptcy stronger than before. For example, Solyndra's assets were acquired by another solar energy company, and The Body Shop was acquired by Natura & Co., a Brazilian cosmetics company.

However, bankruptcy can also have a devastating impact on social enterprises. It can lead to job losses, cuts to social programs, and the loss of valuable expertise. It can also make it more difficult for social enterprises to raise capital in the future.

There are a number of factors that can contribute to the bankruptcy of social enterprises. Some of the most common factors include:

* **Financial mismanagement:** Social enterprises are often complex organizations that can be difficult to manage effectively. Poor financial management can lead to debt problems and bankruptcy.

* **Competition:** Social enterprises often face competition from both for-profit and non-profit organizations. This competition can make it difficult for social enterprises to generate sufficient revenue to cover their costs.

* **Lack of government support:** Social enterprises often rely on government grants and contracts to fund their operations. However, government support can be unpredictable and unreliable.

* **Changes in the market:** Social enterprises operate in a dynamic and ever-changing market. Changes in consumer preferences, technological advances, and economic conditions can all create challenges for social enterprises.

Despite the risks, social enterprises play an important role in society. They are at the forefront of innovation in addressing social and environmental challenges. We need to do more to support social enterprises and help them to succeed.

ESG factors significantly impact financial decisions by mitigating risks associated with environmental and social issues, enhancing returns through innovation and market opportunities, attracting investors who prioritize ethical investments, ensuring regulatory compliance, bolstering reputation and brand value among consumers, promoting long-term business sustainability, and facilitating access to capital through lower financing costs and green financing options. As a result, businesses and investors alike are increasingly integrating ESG considerations into their strategies, recognizing the multifaceted benefits of aligning financial decisions with sustainable and responsible practices.

Yes, there is an accepted taxonomy or categorization of environmental issues. Environmental issues can be broadly categorized into several key areas, and these categories help organize and address various challenges related to the environment. Some of the major categories of environmental issues include:

These categories are not mutually exclusive, and many environmental issues are interconnected. Environmental scientists and organizations often use this taxonomy to study and address specific challenges and develop strategies for environmental conservation and sustainability. Additionally, new issues may emerge as our understanding of environmental systems and their interactions evolves.

Solar panels are, according to solar.se.com, a sustainable energy source for several reasons:

Several environmental factors can influence the efficiency of solar panels:

These factors should be considered when installing and maintaining solar panels to ensure optimal performance and sustainability.

The environmental problems directly related to energy production and consumption includes air pollution, climate change, water pollution, thermal pollution, and solid waste disposal. The emission of air pollutants from fossil fuel combustion is the major cause of urban air pollution. The burning of fossil fuels results in the emission of significant quantities of carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, into the atmosphere. These gases have the ability to trap heat in the atmosphere, which ultimately leads to global warming. Biomass also results in the generation of harmful gases. Conventional sources of energy are the ones that are commonly used, and generally non-renewable sources of energy, which are being used since a long time. Examples of conventional sources of energy include oil, natural gas, coal, biomass, and electricity. Electricity from renewable energy sources produces between 90-99% less greenhouse gases (GHGs) compared with coal-fired plants and causes 70-90% less pollution. Focusing on renewable energy sources other than fossil fuels and coals might help in avoiding environmental impacts, specifically from air pollution and GHGs. Non-renewable energy resources release harmful greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, creating the greenhouse effect which causes global warming. Conventional sources of energy examples are coal, fossil fuels, petroleum, and others. The non- conventional sources include solar, wind, tidal, geothermal, and others and non- conventional energy sources are non-polluting and the best alternatives for conventional ones. When we cannot reuse a source of energy after using it once we call them “conventional sources of energy” or “non-renewable energy resources”. They are the most important conventional sources of energy. These include coal, petroleum, natural gas and nuclear energy. Oil is the most widely used source of energy. Conventional sources of energy have high energy density. The energy density of non-conventional energy sources is less. Conventional sources are generally obtained from the earth crest. Non-conventional energy sources are present in the environment such sun, wind, water, biomass, etc. Non-conventional sources of energy, often known as renewable sources of energy, are energy sources that are continually renewed by natural processes. Non-conventional energy sources are not quickly depleted and may be created at a consistent pace for repeated usage.

Please go my scholarly work

Iddagoda, A., Hysa, E., Bulinska-Stangrecka, H., & Manta, O. (2021). Green Work-Life Balance and Greenwashing the Construct of Work-Life Balance: Myth and Reality. Energies 2021, 14, 4556.

Greenwashing deceives and misleads consumers. It is not beneficial because it undermines stakeholders who are genuine in implementing sustainable efforts. Greenwashing (1) misleads consumers; (2) undermines genuine sustainable efforts; (3) discredits environmental activism; (4) wastes@genuine concerns.

To maintain environmental stability, especially around sea waters, we must maintain the mangrove ecosystem, because currently almost all beaches are being reclamated on the coast by cutting down or covering the ecosystem. Next, it is best to replant mangroves around the coast.

Forests play a crucial role in maintaining environmental balance and the equilibrium of oxygen and carbon dioxide in nature through a combination of processes and interactions.

Here's how forests contribute to this balance:

In summary, forests are essential for maintaining environmental balance and the equilibrium of oxygen and carbon dioxide in nature by sequestering carbon, producing oxygen, regulating the water cycle, supporting biodiversity, stabilizing soils, and more. Human activities that lead to deforestation and forest degradation can disrupt these vital processes, highlighting the importance of forest conservation and sustainable management.

The emission of air pollutants from fossil fuel combustion is the major cause of urban air pollution. Burning fossil fuels is also the main contributor to the emission of greenhouse gases. Diverse water pollution problems are associated with energy usage. One problem is oil spills. Non-renewable energy resources release harmful greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, creating the greenhouse effect which causes global warming. Non-renewable energy sources are also harmful pollutants and lead to habitat destruction. The production of some photovoltaic (PV) cells, for instance, generates toxic substances that may contaminate water resources. Renewable energy installations can also disrupt land use and wildlife habitat, and some technologies consume significant quantities of water. Despite the negative impact on wildlife, renewable energy still positively impacts the climate and the air. It fosters a stronger ecosystem because it is clean. The production of this electricity also has no impact on the environment. Unlike fossil fuels, renewable energy creation doesn't harm the ecosystem. Renewable resources are jeopardized by unregulated industrial expansion and growth. They must be carefully controlled to safeguard them beyond the capacity of the natural world to replenish them. A life cycle evaluation is a strategy for methodically analysing renewability. Using renewable energy can lead to several social impacts, including poverty elimination, climate change mitigation, and improving health by reducing pollution associated with gas emissions. The costs include: infrastructure investment, day-to-day operations, market costs of supply and the environmental costs of the different energy sources. The International Renewable Energy Agency's 2021 Renewable Energy and Jobs annual review projects that global renewable energy jobs will increase from 12 million in 2020 to 38 million by 2030 and 43 million by 2050. Although India has made progress in developing its renewable energy sector, it still faces obstacles. Off-taker risk, lack of infrastructure, lack of financial intermediaries, and lack of investor understanding are the top four challenges to overcome. One of the main environmental risks of renewable energy is the impact on land use and habitat loss. Wind and solar farms require large areas of land to generate enough electricity, which can displace wildlife, reduce biodiversity, and affect ecosystem services. The environmental impacts related to energy production include climate change, acidification, impacts on waterways, and waste production. Some common environmental and energy efficiency issues include global warming, air pollution, waste disposal, water pollution, climate change, deforestation, over population and a lot more . The direct environmental impacts of resource use include the degradation of fertile land, water shortages, waste generation, toxic pollution, and biodiversity loss in terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems. Renewable energy sources which are available in abundance all around us, provided by the sun, wind, water, waste, and heat from the Earth are replenished by nature and emit little to no greenhouse gases or pollutants into the air. The effects of climate change are quickly escalating due to excess greenhouse gasses in our atmosphere that are trapping in excess heat from the sun. A way to reduce emissions and save our planet would be to would be to change our energy sources and switch to renewable energy sources. Solar produces less life-cycle GHG emissions than conventional fossil fuel energy sources. While there may be some GHG emissions produced during the manufacturing and recycling of the solar system, the generation of energy results in zero GHG emissions and zero environmental impact.

There are a number of factors to which the species richness of a community can be related, and these are of several different types. First, there are factors that can be referred to broadly as 'geographic', notably latitude, altitude and, in aquatic environments, depth. Abiotic factors include ambient temperature, amount of sunlight, and pH of the water soil in which an organism lives. Biotic factors would include the availability of food organisms and the presence of biological specificity, competitors, predators, and parasites. Environmental resources are the living and non-living constituents of the earth together comprising the biophysical environment that may provide benefits to humanity. Environmental resources include: subsoil resources, soil resources, biological resources, water resources and land. Environmental factors such as diet, temperature, oxygen levels, humidity, light cycles, and the presence of mutagens can all impact which of an animal's genes are expressed, which ultimately affects the animal's phenotype. It is the storehouse of all resources that are necessary to sustain life. The environment provides us food, water, oxygen, shelter, medicines, and other necessities. We can say that environment in our lives covers everything for everyone, and therefore, we must try to protect it and maintain its integrity at all costs. Food from plants and animals, wood for cooking, heating, and building, metals, coal, and oil are all environmental resources. Clean land, air, and water are environmental resources, as are the abilities of land, air, and water to absorb society's waste products. Land is the most important natural resource. It is considered an essential resource because we are using it for several purposes such as agriculture, forestry, mining, building houses and roads, and setting up industries. Also, it provides habitation to a variety of flora and fauna. Several factors affect small-scale species richness, including geographic factors such as the regional species pool, dispersal distance and ease of dispersal, biological factors such as competition, facilitation, and predation as well as environmental factors such as resource availability, environmental heterogeneity.

Soil microbes play an essential role in the environment by contributing to the release of key nutrients from primary minerals that are required not only for their own nutrition but also for that of plants. Depending on the environmental or experimental conditions, organisms have been observed to increase weathering rates and also occasionally to inhibit the effect of abiotic weathering processes retarding mineral weathering. To respond and adapt to adverse environmental changes, microorganisms employ a striking combination of transcriptional regulatory circuits to sense and translate extracellular stimuli into specific cellular signals, resulting in altered gene expression and protein activities. Microorganisms are essential to soil formation and soil ecology because they control the flux of nutrients to plants, promote nitrogen fixation, and promote soil detoxification of inorganic and naturally occurring organic pollutants. Through biomining process microorganisms are applied to recover precious minerals and metals of commercial significance from mining and industrial waste residues. This technology is also applied for environmental clean-up sites that have been contaminated with heavy metals and other emerging pollutants. It is known that microorganisms play a vital role in remediation of soil pollutants like heavy metals, pesticides, hydrocarbons, etc. However, the indigenous microbes have a limited capacity to degrade these pollutants and it will be a slow process. Microorganisms help in cleaning up the environment. They decompose dead and decaying matter from plants and animals; convert them into simpler substances which are later used up by other plants and animals. Any change in the environment to which an organism responds to is called a stimulus. Response is the reaction of the organims to the stimulus. Tropism is the growth movement of the organism depending on the direction of the stimulus. The microbes can also adapt to the changing environmental condition by transforming to different cell types that help the microbes to maintain optimum growth in new environment. Soil bacteria perform recycling of soil organic matter through different processes, and as a result they produce and release into the soil inorganic molecules (PO 4 3 −, CO2) that can be consumed by plants and microorganisms to grow and perform their functions. Weathering is often divided into the processes of mechanical weathering and chemical weathering. Biological weathering, in which living or once-living organisms contribute to weathering, can be a part of both processes. Microbes are responsible for both production and destruction of foodstuffs and are a key element in reducing waste from spoilage. Some microorganisms can degrade plastics, toxins, and agricultural waste, but some convert excess fertilizer to nitrous oxide, a potent greenhouse gas

Fossil fuels coal, oil, and natural gas do substantially more harm than renewable energy sources by most measures, including air and water pollution, damage to public health, wildlife and habitat loss, water use, land use, and global warming emissions. The environmental impacts related to energy production include climate change, acidification, impacts on waterways, and waste production. The industry is making active efforts to reduce environmental impacts. Switching to clean sources of energy, such as wind and solar, thus helps address not only climate change but also air pollution and health. The burning of fossil fuels results in the emission of significant quantities of carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, into the atmosphere. These gases have the ability to trap heat in the atmosphere, which ultimately leads to global warming. Biomass also results in the generation of harmful gases. Problems with energy supply and use are related not only to global warming that is taking place, due to effluent gas emission mainly CO2⁠, but also to environmental concerns such as air pollution, acid precipitation, ozone depletion, forest destruction, and emission of radioactive substances. Clean energy technologies improve human health by reducing air pollution and water and soil contamination. A clean energy economy will lower rates of asthma, heart conditions, and other health issues related to climate change across the nation. Using renewable energy can lead to several social impacts, including poverty elimination, climate change mitigation, and improving health by reducing pollution associated with gas emissions. Wind energy is one of the most sustainable forms of energy currently available. It harnesses the power of naturally moving air to spin wind turbines, which in turn generate electricity. Not only is this great because it provides a regenerative form of energy, but it also does so without greenhouse gas emissions. Harnessing power from the wind is one of the cleanest and most sustainable ways to generate electricity as it produces no toxic pollution or global warming emissions. Wind is also abundant, inexhaustible, and affordable, which makes it a viable and large-scale alternative to fossil fuels.

Trade can have both positive and negative effects on the environment1. Economic growth resulting from trade expansion can have an obvious direct impact on the environment by increasing pollution or degrading natural resources. However, increased trade can in turn, by supporting economic growth, development, and social welfare, contribute to a greater capacity to manage the environment more effectively. Open markets can improve access to new technologies that make local production processes more efficient by diminishing the use of inputs such as energy, water, and other environmentally harmful substances. Similarly, trade and investment liberalisation can provide firms with incentives to adopt more stringent environmental standards.

with language modelling, societies can sculpt future mapped securities like water and agriculture in terms global funds represent

Abstract from past and recent plant research and composition analysis:

Plants are able to sense and respond to their environment by changing their growth direction. This phenomenon is called tropism. There are different types of tropisms, such as phototropism (response to light), geotropism (response to gravity), hydrotropism (response to water), and thigmotropism (response to touch) (1).

Plant shoots usually grow in the opposite direction of gravity, which is called negative geotropism. This allows them to reach more light and air for photosynthesis and gas exchange. However, if the light source is not directly above the shoot, the shoot will bend towards the light, which is called positive phototropism. This allows the plant to maximize its exposure to light and optimize its energy production.

The main factor that regulates tropisms in plants is a hormone called auxin. Auxin is produced in the shoot tip and moves down the stem. When the shoot is exposed to light from one side, auxin accumulates on the shaded side of the stem, causing more cell elongation and faster growth on that side. This results in the shoot bending towards the light (2/3).

Plant roots usually grow in the same direction of gravity, which is called positive geotropism. This allows them to anchor the plant firmly in the soil and absorb water and minerals. However, if the soil is dry or poor in nutrients, the roots will bend towards a moist or rich area, which is called positive hydrotropism. This allows the plant to survive in harsh conditions.

The mechanism of geotropism in roots is similar to that in shoots, but with opposite effects. Auxin is also produced in the root tip and moves up the root. When the root is placed horizontally, auxin accumulates on the lower side of the root, causing less cell elongation and slower growth on that side. This results in the root bending downwards (4/5).

In summary, environmental factors such as light and gravity can cause plant shoots and roots to grow in different directions by affecting the distribution and action of auxin. Auxin causes uneven growth rates on different sides of the stem or root, resulting in bending or curvature. This allows plants to adapt to their surroundings and improve their chances of survival.

Additional resources - Learn more:

1. extension.oregonstate.edu

2. frontiersin.org

3. mytutor.co.uk

4. thoughtco.com

5. sciencebuddies.org

6. bio.libretexts.org

7. bbc.co.uk

8. en.wikipedia.org

9. bbc.co.uk

10. doi.org

Spatial Environmental Heterogeneity:Spatial environmental heterogeneity refers to variations in environmental conditions across different locations or spatial scales within an ecosystem or landscape. These variations can include differences in physical factors such as temperature, precipitation, soil type, topography, and vegetation cover. Spatial heterogeneity plays a crucial role in shaping biodiversity patterns, species distributions, and ecological interactions within an ecosystem. It creates diverse microhabitats that support a range of species with different ecological requirements.

Temporal Environmental Heterogeneity:Temporal environmental heterogeneity refers to variations in environmental conditions over time within an ecosystem or landscape. These variations can occur at various temporal scales, such as diurnal (daily), seasonal, or longer-term trends. Temporal heterogeneity can be driven by factors like climate changes, annual weather patterns, and disturbances such as fires or floods. These variations influence the timing of life cycle events, resource availability, and species interactions within the ecosystem.

Difference between Spatial and Temporal Resolution:Spatial and temporal resolution are terms used to describe the level of detail or granularity at which data or observations are collected in space and time, respectively.

In summary, spatial environmental heterogeneity deals with variations in environmental conditions across different locations or spatial scales, while temporal environmental heterogeneity deals with variations over time. Spatial resolution refers to the level of detail in spatial data, and temporal resolution refers to the frequency of data collection over time. Both spatial and temporal heterogeneity and resolutions are crucial considerations in ecological studies and environmental monitoring.

Yes, carrying capacity can change as environmental conditions change. Carrying capacity is not a fixed value; it is influenced by a variety of factors, including resource availability, technology, management practices, and the overall health of the ecosystem. As these factors change, the carrying capacity of an environment can increase or decrease.

Here are some ways in which carrying capacity can change:

Carrying Capacity and Environmental Crisis:

The concept of carrying capacity is closely related to the environmental crisis. Human activities, including overconsumption, pollution, habitat destruction, and climate change, have led to unsustainable resource use and ecological degradation. These actions can push ecosystems beyond their carrying capacity, resulting in environmental crises such as:

Addressing the environmental crisis requires understanding and respecting carrying capacity to ensure that human activities remain within the sustainable limits of ecosystems. By adopting sustainable practices, protecting biodiversity, and mitigating climate change, we can work toward maintaining a balanced relationship between human needs and the capacity of the environment to support them.

Microbes are adept at utilizing various compounds and methods as energy sources. In fact, microbes are responsible for the majority of photosynthesis on Earth, a process that removes carbon from the atmosphere and generates oxygen as a byproduct. The most significant effect of the microbes on earth is their ability to recycle the primary elements that make up all living systems, especially carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen (N). Primary production involves photosynthetic organisms which take up CO2 from the atmosphere and convert it to organic (cellular) material. Microbial diversity in the soil is always crucial for any ecosystem as they play vital role in improving soil health, plant growth and yield, and maintaining the sustainability of that ecosystem, as well as reducing the use of chemical fertilizers. Each human body hosts 10 microorganisms for every human cell, and these microbes contribute to digestion, produce vitamin K, promote development of the immune system, and detoxify harmful chemicals. And, of course, microbes are essential to making many foods we enjoy, such as bread, cheese, and wine. Microorganisms are used to prepare vaccines for various diseases. They are useful for agriculture sector, as they enhance the fertility of soil by fixing nitrogen and they work as natural cleaners, as they decompose the dead bodies of plants and animals.They are present in all living organisms and are responsible for producing energy sources like nitrogen and carbon etc. While a few microbes are harmful in their nature, other microorganisms are incredibly salutary in all aspects of human life. Beneficial microorganisms are naturally occurring bacteria, fungi, and other microbes that play a crucial role in plant productivity and health. Two types of beneficial microorganisms, mycorrhizal fungi and nitrogen-fixing bacteria , are considered beneficial to plant health. Environmental factors such as temperature, pH, light, total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), hydrodynamic force, organic matter, and dissolved oxygen (DO), have the largest impact on the composition of the microbial community. Warmth, moisture, pH levels and oxygen levels are the four big physical and chemical factors affecting microbial growth. In most buildings, warmth and moisture are the biggest overall issues present. Dampness is a big player in the growth of fungi. Just like any living thing, water is essential to the life of microbes.Bacteria can live in hotter and colder temperatures than humans, but they do best in a warm, moist, protein-rich environment that is pH neutral or slightly acidic. There are exceptions, however. Some bacteria thrive in extreme heat or cold, while others can survive under highly acidic or extremely salty conditions.

Yes. Bacteria exhibit remarkable adaptations to safeguard themselves from environmental changes. These microorganisms employ stress response mechanisms, spore formation, and biofilm development to endure harsh conditions. Additionally, they contribute significantly to mitigating environmental degradation. Bacteria engage in bioremediation by breaking down pollutants, partake in nitrogen fixation to enrich soil fertility, and facilitate carbon cycling by decomposing organic matter. Through these mechanisms, bacteria play a vital role in maintaining ecological balance and minimizing the impact of human activities on the environment.

Regarding the this topic for Norway-Russia petroleum:

1. https://doi.org/10.17585/arctic.v7.418

2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2016.03.008

3. https://doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-10-2015-0150

The depicted curves elucidate the modulation of marginal forecasted presence probabilities as they vary across distinct predictor values. For instance, in a hypothetical scenario where the temperature is an extreme --300°C while all other predictors remain at their mean sample values, the curve delineates the projected likelihood of presence. This represents an instance of extrapolation beyond the available dataset. Notably, the inherent mechanism in Maxent involves constraining predictions to the predicted values corresponding to the lowest and highest observed predictor values. Consequently, this phenomenon manifests as a linear transition from this negative x-axis value to the zero point on the x-axis, thus maintaining a constant y-axis value.

Living organisms have basic needs. Plants need air, water, nutrients, sunlight, and space to grow. Animals need air, food, water, and shelter. Living organisms depend on each other and on their environments, or habitats, to meet their needs for survival. Living things need need air, water, food and shelter to survive. There is a difference between needs and wants. Students will be able to identify the four things that organisms need to survive. Students will realize through exploring the Nature Gardens that organisms' needs for survival are fewer than wants. The temperature and atmosphere of the earth make life comfortable for the organism. Earth is at an adequate distance from the sun which gives us heat that is neither too hot nor too cold. Earth has enough amounts of water, food, and air for the survival of living organisms. All living things depend on their environment to supply them with what they need, including food, water, and shelter. Their environment consists of physical factors such as soil, air, and temperature and also of other organisms. Insects pollinate flowers, which provide the insects with nectar and pollen as food. Fungi obtain their energy from breaking down dead wood to release nutrients for the living trees. Bacteria in our guts help us digest our food, and we provide them with a stable environment with plenty of food for themselves. At the coarsest level, ecological interactions can be defined as either intra-specific or inter-specific. Intra-specific interactions are those that occur between individuals of the same species, while interactions that occur between two or more species are called inter-specific interactions. At the coarsest level, ecological interactions can be defined as either intra-specific or inter-specific. Intra-specific interactions are those that occur between individuals of the same species, while interactions that occur between two or more species are inter-specific interactions. Individual organisms live together in an ecosystem and depend on one another. In fact, they have many different types of interactions with each other, and many of these interactions are critical for their survival.

Sunlight is one of our planets most abundant and freely available energy resources. The amount of solar energy that reaches the earth's surface in one hour is more than the planet's total energy requirements for a whole year. As a source of energy, green energy often comes from renewable energy technologies such as solar energy, wind power, geothermal energy, biomass and hydroelectric power. Picking a clear winner is, however, tricky. Once you consider the emissions associated with their manufacture and installation, hydropower has the lowest carbon footprint, according to one major study. But there are also many other environmental impacts to bear in mind. Wind energy is one of the most sustainable forms of energy currently available. It harnesses the power of naturally moving air to spin wind turbines, which in turn generate electricity. Not only is this great because it provides a regenerative form of energy, but it also does so without greenhouse gas emissions. As a source of energy, green energy often comes from renewable energy technologies such as solar energy, wind power, geothermal energy, biomass and hydroelectric power. Often ranked as one of the most efficient energy sources, wind energy is harnessed all over the world. Of course, some spots are known as being windier than others, and companies typically make use of these spots by building wind farms filled with turbines there. Wind energy has also been used for hundreds of years. Renewable are often environmentally friendly but include power sources that can have some negative environmental impacts, such as hydropower. Clean energy refers to any energy that is net neutral or positive in terms of pollution and environmental impact.Renewable energy sources include wind power, solar power, bioenergy and hydroelectric, including tidal energy.

Lakshmi, good day. Can you please take the time to read the context below the question on which this specific question is based? The type of market guides you to see where the responsibility are for consumption and production action and for addressing market failures when they happen. In the type of market we are living in, Who will be blamed if the environment fully collapses in front of our eyes: governments or businesses? Why?

Although there is a carbon footprint associated with solar panels, the life-cycle emissions of solar electricity are around 12 times less than natural gas and 20 times lower than coal. And unlike burning fossil fuels, there is tremendous potential to further reduce the carbon footprint of solar panels. Solar panel systems take 1 – 3 years to become carbon positive on average. There are of course many factors that will impact this timeline including the quality and installation, position on the roof, and the amount of sunlight received on a typical day. So, even though solar panels do have a carbon footprint, their emissions simply do not compare to fossil fuel equivalents. And, unlike fossil fuel use, your solar panels really do pay off their carbon footprint while also saving you money. Solar power is not perfect, but overall it provides a positive net environmental impact and financial impact. Wind and solar projects can create carbon offsets because the energy produced by these renewable energy projects reduces the amount of energy that must be procured from other projects using fossil fuels. Carbon offsets can also be created by planting and preserving forests that absorb carbon dioxide. Solar energy technologies and power plants do not produce air pollution or greenhouse gases when operating. Using solar energy can have a positive, indirect effect on the environment when solar energy replaces or reduces the use of other energy sources that have larger effects on the environment. Diode stripe (cathode) pointing to positive. The striped cathode of the diode will be pointing towards the positive side of the solar panel. The other side is the negative. Solar powered buildings are quite efficient in preserving energy in various ways. By using the latest Solar Energy Technologies buildings can save around 30-40% on their energy use. You can also become a net-zero energy building owners when you create more energy than you utilize. Energy efficiency delivers a number of environmental benefits. It notably reduces GHG emissions, both direct emissions from fossil fuel combustion or consumption, and indirect emissions reductions from electricity generation. Manufacturers rate solar panels by their efficiency, which ranges from around 15% to 20% of conversion of the sun's energy transformed into usable electricity. To achieve this, solar panels use solar radiation from the sun to generate heat, which is then converted into electricity. This makes solar energy one of the most eco-friendly energy sources available, as it has virtually no effect on the environment and is capable of providing clean energy for homes and businesses. Energy efficiency simply means using less energy to perform the same task – that is, eliminating energy waste. Energy efficiency brings a variety of benefits: reducing greenhouse gas emissions, reducing demand for energy imports, and lowering our costs on a household and economy-wide level. No fuel to burn. After installing solar panels, operational costs are pretty low compared to other forms of power generation. Fuel isn't required, which means that solar power can create large amounts of electricity without the uncertainty and expense of securing a fuel supply. When it comes to environmental impact, gathering silicon and glass are both non-issues, as they're abundant and non-toxic. However, the process of mining for those metals creates greenhouse gas emissions and can lead to soil, water and air pollution. A typical crystalline silicon PV panel is made of materials that can be recycled, including glass, polymer, aluminium, silicon, and copper. If we reuse these elements, we can decrease solar panels' greenhouse gas emissions by 42%. Despite this, only a minority of countries currently recycle panels.

Good day Chuck, thank you for taking the time to comment.

Did you read the context below the question on which the question is based? Your comment indicate you did not read it.

If you understand that the water leak dilemma has two solutions as indicated there, then the question relates to can you use it to make an analogy substituting water leak dilemma for environmental pollution leak dilemma to stress the solutions to the environmental problem.

Can you see how based on the context how an analogy related to the environmental pollution dilemma can be put together? If you see it, the answer to the question is then yes. If you can not see it, still the answer to the question is yes.

Thank you for taking the time to write.

Respectfully yours;

Lucio

An economy with fairly constant output growth and low and stable inflation would be considered economically stable. An economy with frequent large recessions, a pronounced business cycle, very high or variable inflation, or frequent financial crises would be considered economically unstable. If growth is based on consumer spending and falling saving rates, this will tend to cause imports to rise faster than exports. If saving and investment rates are stable, then the economic growth is more likely to be balanced and avoid the imbalance of large current account deficits and surplus. A government can achieve macroeconomic stability by focusing on economic indicators like GDP, inflation, interest rates, and other economic variables. Constant monitoring, controlling, and responsiveness to these indicators will help achieve stability. Economists generally agree that economic development and growth are influenced by four factors: human resources, physical capital, natural resources and technology. Highly developed countries have governments that focus on these areas. Balanced growth theory requires proper balance between investment in industry and agriculture. As a result of it, economic development of a country is accelerated. It encourages savings which turn into capital and thereby investment. In this way, it leads to better utilization of capital. With the economic sustainability ecological system is maintained and all the environmental terms are kept in balance. Natural resources are consumed by humans, taking care that they are preserved, for future generations. Sustainability is all about keeping these three pillars in balance. Environmental and social sustainability encompasses the protection of people's lives and health, the economic basis of their livelihood and their ecological, social and cultural environment as well as the sustainable use of natural resources. Sustainable development can be applied to corporate policy in the business world as it encompasses three key areas: economic, environmental and social. Sustainable development requires that a company must contribute to economic growth, social progress and promote environmental sustainability. Environmental economics promotes sustainable development, economic valuation of natural resources, and strategies for stability by addressing issues like externalities and other environmental concerns. Its objective is to balance the sustainability of the environment and economic development for the benefit of society. Economic sustainability is all about giving people what they want without compromising the quality of life, especially in the developing world. Environmental sustainability: It is the process of meeting the needs of air, food, water, and shelter as well as ensuring that the environment is neither affected nor polluted.

there is growing consensus that investing in companies which prioritize sustainable practices, promote closed-loop economy models, and are socially and environmentally responsible is beneficial.

Several reasons for this include:

Yes, Chemical fertilizers may have environment Effect. Excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides in agricultural fields mainly leads to the degradation of soil quality. Synthetic fertilizers and pesticides introduce very harmful compounds into the environment, contaminating soil, air, surface and underground water. The chemicals do not evaporate easily so they remain in the water system eventually precipitating out as mud in the rivers. Thus, pollution is created. Fertilizers are rich in nitrogen and phosphorus which are source of nutrient pollution. When it's raining chemicals in the fertilizers are flew into water.

But chemical fertilizers are our compulsion because growing population increasing demand. The Nano fertilizers, bio fertilizers are the solution for that but it will take time. We have to increase their production.

Yes, Chemical fertilizers may have environment Effect. Excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides in agricultural fields mainly leads to the degradation of soil quality. Synthetic fertilizers and pesticides introduce very harmful compounds into the environment, contaminating soil, air, surface and underground water. The chemicals do not evaporate easily so they remain in the water system eventually precipitating out as mud in the rivers. Thus, pollution is created. Fertilizers are rich in nitrogen and phosphorus which are source of nutrient pollution. When it's raining chemicals in the fertilizers are flew into water.

But chemical fertilizers are our compulsion because growing population increasing demand. The Nano fertilizers, bio fertilizers are the solution for that but it will take time. We have to increase their production.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/353260539_Nano_Urea_the_Philosophy_of_Future?

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Future innovations in artificial intelligence technologies for environmental conservation promise a transformation in how we approach ecological challenges. Implementing deep learning and reinforcement learning algorithms will enable real-time environmental monitoring and advanced predictive modeling, contributing to a more effective anticipation and response to changes in ecosystems and climatic events. The integration of autonomous robots with AI will enhance restoration and ecological monitoring capabilities, while the application of optimization techniques and quantum computing will facilitate sustainable management of natural resources and analysis of complex systems. The adoption of Explainable Artificial Intelligence will strengthen trust in AI models, and the application of advanced algorithms in the design of circular economic systems will allow for optimization in the reuse and recycling of materials.

Environment refers to all that is within the reach of someone in their day today involvement and living. It refers to what is accessible and available to someone ; this environment according to the subject of discussion refers to people who are around and in the life of some as they grow. Parents, siblings, house helpers, care takers of family affairs like gardeners and the community at large all form what we call environment as far as child development is concerned.

@Erik Erickson, provides vital information on how environment may affect one's development and what needs to be done to achieve health/ normal development. His theory suggests that "a person's ego identity develops throughout an entire life during the following eight specific stages: