Environmental Microbiology - Science topic

Deadwood decomposition and other environmental processes mediated by microbial communities are generally studied with composite sampling strategies, where deadwood is collected from multiple locations in a large volume, that produce an average microbial community. In this study, we used amplicon sequencing to compare fungal and bacterial communitie...

The real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), commonly known as quantitative PCR (qPCR), is increasingly common in environmental microbiology applications. During the COVID-19 pandemic, qPCR combined with reverse transcription (RT-qPCR) has been used to detect and quantify SARS-CoV-2 in clinical diagnoses and wastewater monitoring of local trends....

Phyllosphere bacterial communities play important roles in plant fitness and growth. The objective of this study was to characterize the epiphytic and endo-phytic bacterial communities of boxwood shoots and determine how they may respond to commonly used fungicides. In early summer and early fall, shoot samples were collected immediately before and...

Complex microbial identity has been difficult to culture in a conventional technique, but the advancement of Metagenomics has brought ray of hope to this process, where microbial genomes is analyzed their respective functions in a community. Metagenomics is hence, a molecular-based protocols that have potentials to unpack the total genomic contents...

A qualitative survey was carried out on undergraduate students of Life Sciences (viz. Botany, Zoology, Biochemistry, Microbiology, Environmental Science) of different colleges of Kolkata metropolis to study the impact of COVID-19 on the teaching-learning of Life Science. The gender-based survey revealed that lady students are more sensitive to envi...

Dear Colleagues, Antibacterial coatings on surfaces or devices for medical or pharmaceutical use are developing very rapidly, and represent a major component of the overall strategy to mitigate bacterial pathogens. The aim is to prevent the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria and, at the same time, to eradicate the sources of human infection with...

Background: Nowadays public health faces many challenges. Epidemiological surveillance and environmental hygiene and infection in community from SARS-CoV-2 along with its control in municipal wastewaters and reuse of water are among them. Epidemiology and environmental microbiology consider wastewater release of great importance. The purpose of thi...

This study presents the reassessment of earlier published data with reference to the article published in Environmental Microbiology entitled "IncP-type plasmids carrying genes for antibiotic resistance or aromatic compound degradation are prevalent in sequenced Aromatoleum and Thauera strains" by Lo et al., 2022. This correspondence clarifies misp...

This process instruction describes the steps for quantitative analysis of nucleic acid from SARS-CoV-2 with a triplex Reverse Transcriptase droplet digital Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-ddPCR) assay targeting the N Gene, S Gene and various mutation assays in extracted and purified RNA samples from solid wastewater samples for population level SARS-...

Indigenous Peoples have a rich and long-standing connection with the environments that they descend from-a connection that has informed a deep and multifaceted understanding of the relationship between human well-being and the environment. Through cultural narratives and practices, much of this knowledge has endured despite the ongoing effects that...

Background Vibrio spp. is ubiquitously present in the marine environment. Numerous Vibrio species are known pathogens affecting animal welfare and ecosystem function, causing significant economic losses. Hence, monitoring their presence accurate taxonomic identification and understanding their functional potential are important for disease control....

This process instruction describes the steps for quantitative analysis of nucleic acid from SARS-CoV-2 with a triplex Reverse Transcriptase droplet digital Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-ddPCR) assay targeting the N Gene, S Gene and various mutation assays in extracted and purified RNA samples from solid wastewater samples for population level SARS-...

In the year 2019, NMC brought a change in the curriculum for MBBS course. Since then, several hardships were faced by students and facilitators to understand the system based approach towards microbiology. Thus the idea of writing the textbook “Comprehensive Medical Microbiology” as per competencies laid down by the National Medical Council with a...

Background: Río Celeste ("Sky-Blue River") is a river located in the Tenorio National Park (Costa Rica) that has become an important hotspot for eco-tourism due to its striking sky-blue color. A previous study indicated that this color is not caused by dissolved chemical species, but by formation of light-scattering aluminosilicate particles at the...

As part of society-wide efforts to promote open access in science, the American Society for Microbiology journals are piloting the publication of companion articles highlighting rigorous data resources. The simultaneous publication of original research and data resource articles will increase awareness of, and access to, verified data sets that are...

As part of society-wide efforts to promote open access in science, the American Society for Microbiology journals are piloting the publication of companion articles highlighting rigorous data resources. The simultaneous publication of original research and data resource articles will increase awareness of, and access to, verified data sets that are...

Loss of flagellar genes causes a nonmotile phenotype. The genus Lysobacter consists of numerous environmentally ubiquitous, nonflagellated bacteria, including Lysobacter enzymogenes, an antifungal bacterium that is beneficial to plants. L. enzymogenes still has many flagellar genes on its genome, although this bacterium does not engage in flagella-...

Background Antibiotic resistance is one of the main global threats to human health, and just the development of new antimicrobial medications is not enough to solve the crisis. Phage therapy (PT), a safe and effective treatment method, has reignited the interest of researchers due to its efficacy in the clinical treatment of drug-resistant bacteria...

From the time of the establishment until the centennial birth anniversary of the University of Dhaka in 2021, the Department of Botany has travelled nearly a path of 82 years of its development and progress. The department currently hosts nearly 10 different disciplines on plant sciences through which young pre-graduate level students start learnin...

Magneto-biotechnological technique has also been applied in the ethanol fermentation and in the enzyme immobilization technique. Magnetic heating was used in the both cases. Heat generation was due to eddy current and hysteresis induced by alternating magnetic field was used for the enhancement of ethanol formation by immobilized yeast with Ba-ferr...

Antimicrobial coatings have become a key component of the worldwide microbial infection mitigation plan. A wide range of alternatives for designing surfaces with antimicrobial qualities is now accessible, attributed to the recent developments in materials science, biotechnology, and environmental microbiology. Antimicrobial coatings have a big role...

Occupational exposure to biological agents has a considerable impact on the public health. Limited to diseases of an infectious nature, it is estimated that that every year about 320,000 deaths worldwide and 5,000 in Europe are related to infections contracted at work (European Agency for Safety and Health at Work, 2020). Nevertheless, there is sti...

Fish bacterial communities provide functions critical for their host's survival in contrasting environments. These communities are sensitive to environmental-specific factors (i.e., physicochemical parameters, bacterioplankton), and host-specific factors (i.e., host genetic background). The relative contribution of these factors shaping Amazonian f...

The potentials of four metal-resistant bacterial strains to reduce the concentration of selected metals in dumpsite leachate were studied. The Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology laboratory's culture collection of bacteria was used to extract the bacteria, which were then exposed to progressively higher metal concentrations in a medium enr...

Microbes play important roles in the health of living beings and in the environment. The knowledge of these functions may be useful for the development of new clinical and biotechnological applications and the restoration and preservation of natural ecosystems.

Disinfectants are used intensively to control and prevent healthcare-associated infections. With continuous use and exposure to disinfectants, bacteria may develop reduced susceptibility. The study aimed to check the hygiene of devices in the physiotherapy department. For isolated bacterial strains, we aimed to determine the minimum inhibitory conc...

Microorganisms naturally present at environmental contaminated sites are capable of biodegrading, biotransforming, or removing contaminants in soil and groundwater through bioremediation processes. Cleanup strategies and goals for site remediation can be effectively achieved by bioremediation leveraging the capabilities of microorganisms to biotran...

Background and aim of the work: The Italian health profile of foreigners depends from several factors and events, such as: environmental, microbiological, cultural and / or behavioral. Healthcare professionals might to have greater and better basic and post-basic training in approaching foreign users. Listening and empathy, with complementary trai...

Background As a widely used broad-spectrum antibiotic, chloramphenicol is prone to be released into environments, thus resulting in the disturbance of ecosystem stability as well as the emergence of antibiotic resistance genes. Microbes play a vital role in the decomposition of chloramphenicol in the environment, and the biotransformation processes...

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including colitis ulcerosa and Crohn’s disease, are chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract for which the cause has not been fully understood. However, it is known that the etiology is multifactorial. The multidirectional network of interactions of environmental, microbiological and genetic factors in predi...

The open-access journal Microorganisms is pleased to publish this book, which reprints papers that appeared in a Special Issue on “Phototrophic Bacteria”, with Guest Editors Robert Blankenship and Matthew Sattley. This Special Issue included research on all types of phototrophic bacteria, including both anoxygenic and oxygenic forms. Research on th...

Исследовались микробные сообщества озера Большое Голубое (г. Казань). В результате притока сульфатных подземных вод в экосистеме озера развиваются микроорганизмы, участвующие в круговороте серы. В составе бактериопланктона и бактериобентоса количественно преобладают бесцветные серобактерии. Их высокая численность свидетельствует о важной роли в сам...

The topic of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus infections in children is still complex and not fully understood. Acute meningoencephalitis (ME) was not considered a common presentation of COVID-19 in paediatrics, however, over time, several paediatric patients with ME associated with SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus infection have been described. The case report descri...

An increase in the number of reports of legionellosis in the European Union and the European Economic Area have been recorded in recent years. The increase in cases is significant: from 6947 reports in 2015 to 11,298 in 2019. This is alarming as genus Legionella, which comprises a large group of bacteria inhabiting various aquatic systems, poses a...

Despite the well-described abundance of phenol-degrading bacteria, knowledge concerning their degradation abilities under suboptimal conditions is still very limited and needs to be expanded. Therefore, this work aimed to study the growth and degradation potential of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia KB2 and Pseudomonas moorei KB4 strains toward phenol...

This paper is a microbiological voyage throughout the main discoveries and research activities of scholars who studied or taught in this field at Padova University during its 800-year history. The ancient practice of variolization, the so-called miracle of Legnaro and the pellagra debate, whose observations and investigations were driven at Padova...

The SARS-CoV-2 presence and the bacterial community profile in air samples collected at the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the Operational Unit of Infectious Diseases of Santa Caterina Novella Hospital in Galatina (Lecce, Italy) have been evaluated in this study. Air samplings were performed in different rooms of the ICU ward with and without COVID-1...

Rapid industrialization and the intensive increase in agricultural activities have decreased soil quality and fertility, thereby adversely impacting the environment, which is a serious concern globally. This book will cover the various roles of biological as well as physico- chemical management technologies for environment sustainability. It explai...

Bio-fertilizer practice considers not only economical but also environmentally friendly, sustainable agriculture. Endophytes can play important beneficiary roles in plant development, directly, indirectly, or synergistically. In this study, the majority of our endophytic actinobacteria were able to possess direct plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits...

This book provides an overview of the different aspects of microbial bioconversion methodologies for valorization of underutilized wastes of varied nature. It covers microbiological/biotechnological aspects, environmental concerns, bioprocess development, scale-up aspects, challenges, and opportunities in microbial valorization at commercial scale....

Environmental Microbiology: Advanced Research and Multidisciplinary Applications focus on the current research on microorganisms in the environment. Contributions in the volume cover several aspects of applied microbial research, basic research on microbial ecology and molecular genetics. The reader will find a collection of topics with theoretical...

Root nodules of legume plants are primarily inhabited by rhizobial nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Here, we propose two new Rhizobiales species isolated from root nodules of common sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia), as shown by core-gene phylogeny, overall genome relatedness indices, and pan-genome ana lysis. Mesorhizobium onobrychidis sp. nov. actively i...

This process instruction describes the steps for quantitative analysis of nucleic acid from SARS-CoV-2 with a triplex Reverse Transcriptase droplet digital Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-ddPCR) assay targeting the N Gene, S Gene and various mutation assays in extracted and purified RNA samples from solid wastewater samples for population level SARS-...

Coccidioides immitis and Coccidioides posadasii are the etiological agents of coccidioidomycosis (Valley fever [VF]). Disease manifestation ranges from mild pneumonia to chronic or extrapulmonary infection. If diagnosis is delayed, the risk of severe disease increases. In this report, we investigated the intersection of pathogen, host, and environm...

For many years, medical microbiology and food microbiology have been the most studied areas of microbial biology [...]

Phage SN1 infects Sphaerotilus natans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. Its genome consists of 61,858 bp (64.3% GC) and 89 genes, including 32 with predicted functions. SN1 genome is very similar to Pseudomonas phage M6, which contains hypermodified thymidines. Genome analyses revealed similar base-modifying genes as those found in M6. Phage SN1...

Municipal wastewater provides a representative sample of human fecal waste across a catchment area and contains a wide diversity of microbes. Sequencing wastewater samples provides information about human-associated and medically-important microbial populations, and may be useful to assay disease prevalence and antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Here,...

Free-living amoebae (FLA) are protozoa which have been reported in different countries worldwide from diverse sources (water, soil, dust, air), contributing to the environmental microbiological contamination. Most of the FLA species present a life cycle with two different phases: an active vegetative and physiologically form named trophozoite, and...

Biocrusts serve as a keystone element of desert and dryland ecosystems, stabilizing soils, retaining moisture, and serving as a carbon and nitrogen source in oligotrophic environments. Biocrusts cover approximately 12% of the Earth’s terrestrial surface but are threatened by climate change and anthropogenic disturbance.

Coastal and transitional waters are often used as bathing waters. In many regions, such activities play an important economic role. According to the European Union Bathing Water Directive (2006/7/EC) (BWD) the concentration of Escherichia coli in bathing water exceeding 500 CFU·100 mL-1 poses a high risk for bathers' health. In order to safeguard p...

Exposure models are useful tools for relating environmental monitoring data to expected health outcomes. The objective of this study was to 1) compare two Legionella shower exposure models, and 2) develop a risk calculator tool for relating environmental monitoring data to estimated Legionella infection risks and Legionnaires’ Disease (LD) illness...

Keystone species or ecological engineers are vital to the health of an ecosystem; however, often, their low abundance or biomass present challenges for their discovery, identification, visualization and selection. We report the development of fluorescent in situ hybridization of transcript-annealing molecular beacons (FISH-TAMB), a fixation-free pr...

Objetive: Evaluate an Ozone Generating System (OGS) through of the microorganisms count and identificated in the air of the sanitary environments of the National Institute of Health (INS) from Peru. The study: These were exposed to OGS for 1 min per m2, air samples were collected at volumes of 200L, 500L and 1000L by impaction, pre and post exposu...

This study examined the viability and diversity of fungi harbored in imported wooden handicraft products sold in six retail stores in Florida, United States. Despite being subjected to trade regulations that require various sterilization/fumigation protocols, our study demonstrates high survival and diversity of fungi in wood products originating f...

Salmonella enterica is a leading cause of human gastrointestinal disease worldwide. Given that Salmonella is persistent in aquatic environments, this study examined the prevalence, levels and genotypic diversity of Salmonella isolates recovered from major rivers in an important agricultural region in northwestern Mexico. During a 13-month period, a...

Phage DNA analysis gives opportunity to understand living ecosystem of the environment where the samples are taken. In the present study, we analyzed phage DNA obtained from wastewater sample of university hospital sewage. After filtration, long high-speed centrifugation was done to collect phages. DNA was extracted from pellet by phenol chloroform...

Research at the forefront of plant microbiome studies indicates that plant-associated microbes can alter the timing of plant development (phenology). However, it is unclear if host phenological stage affects microbial community assembly.

Generations of colonialism, industrialization, intensive agriculture, and anthropogenic climate change have radically altered global ecosystems and by extension, their environmental microbiomes. The environmental consequences of global change disproportionately burden racialized communities, those with lower socioeconomic status, and other systemat...

Purpose Wood decay fungi are the only forms of life capable of degrading wood to its initial constituents, greatly contributing to the soil ecosystem. This study summarizes the current research status and development characteristics of global wood decay fungi research, in order to better understand their role in soils. Methods A bibliometric analy...

Secondary metabolites (SMs) are low-molecular-weight compounds that often mediate interactions between fungi and their environments. Fungi enriched with SMs are of significant research interest to agriculture and medicine, especially from the aspects of pathogen ecology and environmental epidemiology.

The book has two sections. Section A focuses on Environmental Sustainability and Green Technology and Section B covers Emerging Technologies in Environmental Biotechnology. The book introduces Environmental biotechnology as a tool to progress towards sustainable development goals and covers green technologies such as Bio-plastics, Third generation...

Objective: Unsafe drinking water has a significant health impact all over the world especially, in developing countries. Household water treatments become more affordable than conventional ones for many reasons. Photovoltaic concentrator is environmentally sound and effective inactivation method by converting light energy to electricity. This stud...

The book has 2 sections: Section A focuses on Environmental Sustainability and Green Technology and Section B covers Emerging Technologies in Environmental Biotechnology. The book introduces Environmental biotechnology as a tool to progress towards sustainable development goals and covers green technologies such as Bio-plastics, Third generation hy...

Microorganisms in natural environments are crucial in maintaining the material and energy cycle and the ecological balance of the environment. However, it is challenging to delineate environmental microbes' actual metabolic pathways and intraspecific heterogeneity because most microorganisms cannot be cultured. Raman spectroscopy is a culture-indep...

Sulfur compounds are used in a variety of biological processes including respiration and photosynthesis. Sulfide and sulfur compounds of intermediary oxidation state can serve as electron donors for lithotrophic growth while sulfate, thiosulfate and sulfur are used as electron acceptors in anaerobic respiration. The biochemistry underlying the mani...

Title: “Design and Development of Biogas Power Plant for Sustainable Development Management of Wastewater in Context to Indian Scenario”- Part-II -Investigation of Environmental Microbiology towards Sustainable Development Prof.(D.Sc.,LL.D., DL) Dr. Vijayan Gurumurthy Iyer Corresponding author: Vijayan Gurumurthy Iyer (vijayangurumurthy@rediffma...

Bacterial endophytes are well-acknowledged inoculants to promote plant growth and enhance their resistance toward various pathogens and environmental stresses. In the present study, 71 endophytic strains associated with the medicinal plant Thymus roseus were screened for their plant growth promotion (PGP), and the applicability of potent strains as...

Generic Escherichia coli is commonly used as an indicator of fecal contamination to assess water quality and human health risk. Where measured E. coli exceedances occur, the presence of other pathogenic microorganisms, such as Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC), is assumed, but confirmatory data are lacking. Putative E. coli isolates (n = 709) we...

The marine waters of Kuwait are highly dynamic and strongly influenced by extreme environmental conditions and high levels of anthropogenic activities. This study explored the bacterioplankton community composition and diversity in Kuwait Bay and at four offshore sites close to urbanized coastal areas during two seasons, autumn (October) and spring...

Metabarcoding approaches are exponentially increasing our understanding of soil biodiversity, with a major focus on the bacterial part of the microbiome. Part of the soil diversity are also eukaryotes that include fungi, algae, protists, and Metazoa. Nowadays, soil eukaryotes are targeted with the same approaches developed for bacteria and archaea...

Although plant pathogens are traditionally controlled using synthetic agrochemicals, the availability of commercial bactericides is still limited. One potential control strategy could be the use of plant growth‐promoting bacteria (PGPB) to suppress pathogens via resource competition or the production of antimicrobial compounds. This study aimed to...

This study has as objectives to determine the concentration and diversity of the air-and dustborne mycobiota in seven National Archive of the Republic of Cuba repositories, and to assess the potential risk of biodeteriora-tion that isolated taxa may have. In the indoor and outdoor environmental microbiological samplings a SAS biocollector was used...