Environmental Geography - Science topic

source. Using global climate datasets is the best approach to obtain annual precipitation data for Thai, Malaysian, and Indonesian provinces using the same standard and source for your research. These datasets offer global rainfall, temperature, and humidity data in a consistent format. Among the reliable sources are: WorldClim (www.worldclim.org) is one source. It provides free climate data, including humidity, temperature, and rainfall. Average monthly or annual rainfall data at the province or grid level, spanning from 1970 to the present, is available for download. Province-by-province data can be extracted using GIS software. CHIRPS (Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data) is an additional source. It offers reasonably accurate rainfall data for tropical nations like Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia from 1981 to the present. Data from the Copernicus Climate Data Store's ERA5 Climate Reanalysis can also be used. It offers daily, monthly, or annual rainfall, temperature, and humidity data going back to 1950. Although the data is free, you must download and register. Check out ClimateData.org or the World Bank Climate Knowledge Portal for pre-made province-by-province data that doesn't require GIS work. They provide summaries of climate data at the national and provincial levels, though occasionally they only provide long-term averages. Since WorldClim, CHIRPS, or ERA5 data covers all three nations in a single, standardised format, this is the best method. Any year after 2016 can have its annual rainfall easily calculated, and the same source can also provide the temperature and humidity.

Here are some suggestions on how to find accessible and numerically processed global vegetation data:

1. **NASA Earthdata:** NASA provides a wealth of environmental data, including vegetation-related information. The MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) dataset, available through NASA's Earthdata platform, offers global vegetation indices such as NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) that can be processed numerically. You can access this data in various formats, including HDF, which can be converted for use in SPSS.

Website: https://earthdata.nasa.gov/

2. **UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO):** The FAO maintains datasets related to vegetation and land cover. The Global Land Cover SHARE dataset (GLC-SHARE) is a global land cover dataset that includes information on vegetation. While it may require some data processing, it is a valuable resource for your research.

Website: http://www.fao.org/geonetwork/srv/en/metadata.show?id=37196

3. **Global Vegetation Monitoring (GVM) Project:** The GVM project provides access to global vegetation datasets, including the GIMMS NDVI dataset, which covers several decades. These datasets are commonly used in ecological and environmental research and can be processed for use in SPSS.

Website: http://www.ntsg.umt.edu/project/gvm

4. **European Space Agency (ESA):** The ESA offers various Earth observation datasets, including vegetation-related data. The Climate Change Initiative (CCI) Land Cover project provides global land cover information, including vegetation, in formats suitable for scientific analysis.

Website: https://www.esa-landcover-cci.org/

5. **Data Repositories:** Consider exploring data repositories and archives such as the World Bank's DataBank, which provides access to environmental and climate-related datasets. While the focus may not be solely on vegetation, you can find relevant data.

Website: https://databank.worldbank.org/

6. **Collaboration with Remote Sensing Experts:** Collaborating with experts in remote sensing and geospatial analysis can be beneficial. They can help you access and process vegetation data for your specific research needs.

7. **Data Conversion Tools:** If you find data in formats not directly compatible with SPSS, consider using data conversion tools or software to transform the data into a usable format. Tools like R or Python can be helpful for this purpose.

8. **Consult Local Universities or Research Institutions:** Local universities or research institutions in your region or in regions of interest may have access to relevant vegetation data or can guide you on where to find it.

When working with global environmental data, it's essential to ensure that the datasets are up-to-date and cover the regions of interest for your research.

Tropical forests have the capacity to absorb water from the ground and hold water in their bodies and release it through the root hairs, that is why even in summer months drought time water pools are still continuously supplied with water. But water pools are enhanced with water through the hydrologic cycle and I would like to catch this caption I read " No Trees, No Water, No Water, No Life."

Another possible way is to use Spatial Feature Coverage Sampling, but with high number of sample points is not relevant. We are discussing its weakness in our ongoing paper.

Describe the geographical features and locations of the places and roads on the map, in relation to one another

ARCGIS AND ERDAS

Dear Kariyanna B.,

If greenhouse gas emissions continue to grow in the coming years, the global warming process will accelerate and become an irreversible process in the next several dozen years. Therefore, climate change can be so great that nature will not solve the problem either. Forest fires, droughts, and weather anomalies will intensify. The biodiversity of natural ecosystems will quickly decline, it will be impoverished in terms of the composition of flora, fauna, fungi and microorganisms, and in terms of the genetic composition of the planet Earth's biosphere. Nature will not stop these unfavorable processes of climate change, but will be subject to these processes. So nature, preserving the biodiversity of natural ecosystems, can be helped primarily by people who, by implementing the principles of sustainable development, social environmental (ecological) responsibility, pro-ecological reforms of implementing eco-innovations in economic processes, etc., and other pro-ecological transformation of the traditional brown economy into a sustainable green economy / circular economy can save the biosphere of planet Earth from the climate crisis. If it's not too late, of course. But no matter how much time is left for the implementation of this pro-ecological action plan, it must be implemented urgently.

Best regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

I suppose that these references may be useful :

https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107706033.006

Simplified Method for the Assessment of Siltation in Semiarid ...

www.mdpi.com › pdf

PDFby JWB Lopes - ‎2019

Please, see the following papers.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/51991369_Land_Degradation_Detection_Using_Geo-Information_Technology_for_Some_Sites_in_Iraq

Difo Voukang Harouna

Dear Dimitry,

You may be interested in Chaboussou, Sante des Plantes, une revolutions agronomique, (1985) translated as Healthy Crops, A New agricultural Revolution. (2004). It describes how agrochemicals cause the proliferation of pests and diseases. We are starting a new project to bring this up to date and confirm/or deny the ideas. I would be happy to cooperate.

Best wishes, Ulrich

Kind Jiri,

may be "Sentimapping" a more suitable neologism for Your theoretical and practical purposes ? At least, just to respect the difference between "emotion" and "sentiment", given that in a map, usually, we try to represent something that is closer to a sentiment towards a place, an object, ecc., much more than to a unique emotion...

Just an idea.

Best Regards

Google Maps has the most reliable and accurate database for geocoding (assigning lat lon coordinates to addresses), here are instructions for their API: https://developers.google.com/maps/documentation/geocoding/intro

If you're familiar with QGIS (https://www.qgis.org/en/site/forusers/download.html), you can install plugin called MMQGIS and easily geocode list of locations in CSV format, here are instructions how to download and use the plugin: https://www.lib.uwo.ca/madgic/projects/gis/Geocoding%20Using%20QGIS.pdf

You should prefer using Google as a source rather than OpenStreetMap (OSM).

Besides filtering the image collection itself, you can also clip the output you are visualizing using the following (.clip(roi)), where the roi is the region of interest you have set:

Map.addLayer(your_data.clip(roi), {}, "Your_data_name", true);

Look at the Material and Methods section. Perhaps it could help?

Best,

Guy

You can use the Getdata software, it could precisely get the point (x,y) from the pollen diagram, then use the data to draw another digital diagram.

Check the attached articles.

The conditions in the different geographic areas are clearly different, this causes that the same taxa undergo transformations that can be both morphological and physiological, this is used in studies related to the adaptability that is able to develop a certain organism before different conditions, which Tells us its ability to survive under unequal conditions, and in case of possessing any component that can be exploited, such as pigments, it is possible to extrapolate the conditions of the environment where it produces to be exploited later.

Thank you so much Eefe. It has helped me a lot. Please send me your email address.

Mohammed:

This link should prove useful:

Best

Syed

Field data are always useful to draw CM plans. In fact, it often happens that CM plans are incomplete because information that actually existed could was not incorporated to them. The papers below show three such cases (for various taxa) where Management Plans, field data, and literature or IUCN data all had occurrence data that were absent from the other sources, resulting in partial knowledge and therefore less-than-optimal plans. Data synchronization was accomplished through database mining and GIS analytics. Methods are explained in the papers.

The difference between the amount of knowledge in a plan, and the amount of existing knowledge that could have been put in a plan, should become a priority especially when endangered species are present. The fourth reference (link) below is a draft for a document dealing with this type of gap analysis.

Regards

Ammonia is NH3, which is a very light gas,whereas ammonium (NH4) is a basic radical. The gas being far lighter than air, & very sparingly soluble under high pressure, I find it surprising as to how the gas can dissolve in fresh waters from atmosphere under natural conditions. 

Dear Vincent Moron

The most simple and enough  accurate Index you need was developped by Baruch Givoni "The Index of Thermal Stress" ITS  # 5.6 and #16.1,c (The building Bioclimatic Chart).

.See in his book "Man Climate and Architecture" Applied Science Publishers - London 1976 Reprinted 1901

Take into account that certainly you must consider that no "acceptable discomfort" will you found under the sun, but in the shade properly dressed. Then the formulation is much simple if direct solar radiation is not considered.

Then you need to evaluate which is the acceptable E/Emax value you need according to the sweat rate Inex of humidity. Certainly no Comfort will be found at 37 degC, But you can define the (also) acceptable low metabolic rate...

If you are interested in the way I use it, please write to my email  

Milo E.  Hoffman <mhoffman@tx.technion.ac.il> you will be welcomed 

Dear Dominique, thank you very much for your useful tooltip! Yes, it is likely the Oued Rdom in the Sebou Basin! Sincerely yours, Ivan

Dear Subir,

Oro- is an element, from the greek, that makes up names with meaning of 'mountain'.

Orotemperate is a thermotype from temperate climates.

Thermotypes clasification are: infra-, thermo-, meso-, supra-, oro-, cryo-,

Have a happy New Year.

You can find something helpful here:

Matthew Fitzjohn (ed.)

Uplands of Ancient Sicily and Calabria. The archaeology of landscape revisited

Specialist Studies on Italy 13

2007

And you can even contact me in private at tanasid@arcadia.edu as I teach even a course about Landscape archaeology in Sicily at the Arcadia University, Sicily Center.

This formula is very basic, and provides only the horizontal EXTRATERRESTRIAL irradiance, thus not taking any atmospheric effect into account.

Not of much practical application, considering the original question.

For Nigeria: stiudies by Akinyemi Gabriel Omonijo