Engineering - Science topic

Hi, 🙋‍♂️

I am a PhD student in Marketing Management, looking for a remote research assistant position or collaboration opportunities.

My suggestion is to use a descriptive-analytical approach to collect a collection of data and information about entrepreneurship and tourism with the help of library studies, emphasizing the need to expand it in your region. We can mention about native customs and handicraft products from your region in this research. The main purpose of this paper will be to introduce your region to the world as a tourist destination.

"Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) promise to transform biomedical research, but could pose significant biosafety and biosecurity risks, argue three public health researchers and two policy researchers. They urge governments and AI developers to work with safety and security experts to mitigate harms that could result in the greatest loss of life and disruption to society, such as outbreaks of transmissible pathogens. That means building a scientific consensus through processes that engage diverse, independent experts..."

Welding of Gen 3 steels

Teaching Mathematical Logic to engineering students can indeed be a challenge due to the abstract and formal nature of the subject. However, with effective pedagogical strategies and a clear connection to practical applications, it can be both rewarding and beneficial for students. Here are some considerations for teaching Mathematical Logic to engineering students:

Didactic Considerations

Connect logic concepts to real-world applications, particularly in engineering domains. For example, Boolean algebra has direct applications in digital circuit design, control systems, and programming logic. Use examples that are relevant to engineering problems, such as logical reasoning in software development, circuit design, and systems analysis.

Utilize visual aids such as truth tables, Venn diagrams, and flow charts to help students grasp abstract concepts. Visualization can make complex ideas more tangible.

Encourage collaborative problem-solving sessions where students can work in groups to solve logical puzzles, reason about real-world scenarios, or translate engineering problems into logical models.

Start with propositional calculus as a foundation since it is generally more intuitive. Then gradually introduce predicate calculus and its applications, ensuring students understand the relevance of each concept.

Incorporate problems that require students to apply logical reasoning to solve engineering-related challenges. This approach helps reinforce the practical utility of logic.

Content to Cover

Fundamental concepts such as logical operators, truth tables, equivalences, implications, and normal forms (CNF and DNF). Applications in Boolean algebra and digital logic design.

Introduction to quantifiers, predicates, and their uses in more complex logical reasoning. Applications in databases, algorithms, and programming languages.

Discuss important formal systems, including axiomatic systems and proof techniques (e.g., natural deduction, sequent calculus). Basic proof strategies and reasoning techniques will enhance deductive capabilities.

Focus Areas

Develop students’ abilities to think abstractly and to recognize the structure of arguments and proofs. Emphasize algorithmic logic as it pertains to computational problems and problem-solving in engineering

Encourage logical reasoning and critical thinking, focusing on constructing valid arguments and recognizing fallacies.

Literature and Resources

Consider using foundational texts on mathematical logic that cater specifically to engineering students, emphasizing practical applications. Look for resources that balance theory and applications to maintain student engagement.

Utilize online lectures, MOOCs, and interactive platforms that provide exercises, quizzes, and additional resources.

Explore literature on educational methodologies in teaching logic, focusing on disciplines that involve engineering.

Teaching Mathematical Logic to engineering students is worth the effort, as it enhances their critical thinking skills and prepares them for the logical reasoning required in their fields. By making the subject relevant, interactive, and accessible, educators can help students master logical concepts and apply them effectively in their professional lives. The key Rey Segundo Guerrero-Proenza lies in contextualizing the material and emphasizing the practical applications of mathematical logic within engineering contexts.

Dear Sina Jamalzadegan ,

Generative AI offers transformative applications in biotechnology, addressing critical challenges while advancing the field. In drug discovery, AI accelerates de novo molecular design by leveraging algorithms to identify novel pharmacophores, predict ligand-receptor interactions, and optimize pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, significantly reducing the timelines and costs associated with preclinical development. It facilitates precision medicine by generating therapies tailored to individual genomic and proteomic profiles while enabling in silico drug repurposing through high-throughput virtual screening. In protein engineering, generative models predict tertiary and quaternary protein structures and elucidate conformational dynamics, enabling the design of therapeutic biologics with enhanced binding affinities and reduced immunogenicity. In synthetic biology, AI-driven sequence optimization enhances CRISPR-Cas9 targeting specificity and metabolic pathway engineering for efficient biosynthesis of bioactive compounds, biopolymers, and therapeutic peptides. Clinical applications include generating synthetic datasets for training radiological and histopathological AI models, simulating patient phenotypes to optimize clinical trial stratification, and enhancing medical imaging modalities through resolution amplification and artifact reduction. These capabilities address pervasive challenges such as sparse datasets, complexity in biomolecular networks, and exorbitant R&D costs. Generative AI also enables multi-omics integration, synthesizing insights from genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, fostering a holistic systems biology approach.

For instance, optimization in drug design can be expressed as E = B.A (efficacy = binding affinity × bioavailability), where binding affinity (B) reflects the molecular interaction strength between a ligand and its target, and bioavailability (A) quantifies the proportion of the drug reaching systemic circulation. This succinctly captures how generative AI aids in balancing critical pharmacological parameters to design therapeutics with maximal clinical efficacy. By automating and streamlining these processes, generative AI mitigates the translational gap, promotes global health equity, and fosters interdisciplinary synergies across computational biology, cheminformatics, and biomedical sciences, establishing itself as a cornerstone for innovation in modern biotechnology.

Response to the Discussion:

Dear Alexander,

Your discussion on quantifying the afterlife through engineering the multiverse is fascinating and thought-provoking. This intersection of metaphysics, physics, and engineering opens a unique avenue for exploring concepts of consciousness and individuality. Here are a few thoughts on your approach:

Your cited works—A New Type of Humanities, AI Afterlife Preview, and Concisely Quantifying Consciousness—provide intriguing foundations for this ambitious project. It would be fascinating to explore these further and discuss collaborative opportunities.

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Dear Mr. Henderson,

Thank you for your evaluation, and comments. We are looking forward your contribution.

Best regards

How can offering "compensation" for citations possibly be ethical?

same happened to me in 2022 in Toronto, Canada

Have a look at this presentation, it might spark a few ideas...

Good luck

geologist....

well done

Building technology to preview the afterlife presents both scientific and philosophical challenges. The concept of the afterlife is rooted in metaphysical, religious, and spiritual beliefs, which lack empirical evidence and measurable data that technology typically relies on. Science focuses on the material and observable universe, while the afterlife, by definition, transcends physical experience and is often considered beyond the scope of scientific inquiry. Therefore, attempting to build technology for such a purpose would face fundamental limitations in verification, evidence, and universality of belief systems.

Hello. I am really interested in initiating a research on innovating a new pattern in complex prompts of Generative AI. If it interests you, we can collaborate

Density functional theory is a quantum mechanical method for calculating the electronic structure of atoms, molecules, and materials. The main idea reduces the many-body problem to a system in which any property is expressed as a functional of the electron density instead of the wavefunction. The fundamental concepts are given by the Hohenberg-Kohn theorems and by the Kohn-Sham equations, which transform the interacting system into a model of noninteracting electrons. At the core of DFT lays some exchange-correlation functionals, such as LDA and GGA; these approximate the interaction between electrons. It is also greatly used in material science and nanotechnology for the prediction of molecular geometries, electronic properties, and reactions. In spite of its efficiency, the challenge of DFT is strong electron correlations and functional accuracy.

As I see it, basically it is a form of manipulation where you ask leading questions to stimulate the AI generate a response that might or might not be reasonable looking idiocy.

Yes, I would be interested in learning about innovative keys and facts related to words, as it enhances understanding of language and communication. Insights into word usage can enrich discussions and creativity.

Tunnel construction methods vary based on factors like ground conditions, depth, and cost. The main methods are:

1. Cut-and-Cover: Used for shallow tunnels by excavating and covering the tunnel.

2. Bored Tunnels: Built with tunnel boring machines (TBMs) or by drilling and blasting, ideal for deep or large projects.

3. Immersed Tube: Prefabricated tunnel sections are submerged into a trench, often used for underwater tunnels.

4. New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM): Relies on surrounding ground support, used in soft soils.

The choice depends on ground conditions, depth, environmental constraints, and project budget.

Der Ohnemus

Your question has a simple answer: As per my knowledge, the only software out of the +200 MCDM in existence that can do that, is Linear Programming (LP), and in reality, it is a very simple procedure.

Think that whatever your target, you need to work with resources, that is, you need to adequate your demands, as everything in life, with your possibilities to reach the target.

Think, that if your target is to purchase a Mercedes Benz there is no way you can do that if you do not have a resource: Money to pay for it.

If a power house is delivering 400 MWh you can pretend that it delivers 500 MWh.

If you are producing product that produce contamination, above the legal limits, you cannot fabricate them

If you want to minimize costs of whatever good, you cannot pretend to have a cost less that necessary to produce the good

This means that you necessitate making comparisons between what you wish and the means or resources to reach that wish.

There is only one way to make this comparison and it is using linear inequations instead of linear equations, and only LP does this.

In addition, the LP algorithm gives you two values: The mathematical value for each criterion that corresponds to the result using the values in the corresponding criterion and from the initial matrix, and the wishes value. Then you can compare and even, for each criterion, determine in which extent your objective has been reached. For this, you need SIMUS.

Contact me if more information is needed

Each and every area like signals, probability, communication, RF etc., have a handbook with specific diagrams and definitions. that will be helpful to find the formulas

Dear Gholamreza Fotoohi Rad Please do recommend my answer if helpful.

The best characteristic of a very good exploration geologist or mining engineer is analytical thinking combined with practical problem-solving skills. This includes the ability to analyze geological data, interpret complex subsurface conditions, and make informed decisions about where to explore or extract resources. Additionally, a strong understanding of geology, mineralogy, and mining techniques, along with the ability to adapt to different environments and conditions, is crucial.

Other key characteristics include:

También se hablan temas sobre programación en MATLAB y C++.

Saludos.

To measure static energy in engineering polymers like PP, PVC, and ABS, use methods such as electrical resistivity tests and triboelectric charging. These techniques assess charge retention and dissipation, influenced by humidity and material properties.

Thanks for your generosity . Do you have any plan for collaboration ?

Hi all. I just got invited to the 5th International Conference on Applied Science & Engineering. From a quick search, it looks as a scam. They even ask invited plenary speakers to pay almost 700Euros just to attend the "conference"!

To get your thesis accepted in a reputable ISI journal, ensure that your implementation is:

1. Original: Offers a novel contribution or solution.

2. Well-Researched: Thoroughly reviews and builds on existing literature.

3. Methodologically Sound: Uses clear, reproducible methods.

4. Significant: Demonstrates clear advantages or improvements over existing work.

5. Well-Written: Communicates ideas clearly and is well-organized.

Meeting these criteria increases your chances of acceptance.

In electrical engineering, the term "ternary" typically refers to systems or circuits that utilize three distinct states or levels instead of the more common binary systems, which use only two states (0 and 1). Ternary systems can be advantageous in certain applications due to their increased information density per signal and potential improvements in energy efficiency and processing speed. Below are some key aspects and applications of ternary systems in electrical engineering:

Ternary Logic Systems

Ternary Logic Gates: Just like binary logic gates, ternary logic gates perform logical operations but with three states (commonly 0, 1, and 2 or -1, 0, and 1). Examples of ternary gates include the ternary inverter, ternary AND, ternary OR, and ternary NOT gates.

Logic Levels: In ternary systems, the three logic levels can be represented by different voltage levels or current levels. For instance, a common representation is -1, 0, and +1, which can correspond to different voltage levels.

Advantages of Ternary Systems

Higher Information Density: Each ternary digit (trit) can represent more information than a binary digit (bit). Specifically, one trit is equivalent to approximately 1.58496 bits.

Potential for Reduced Circuit Complexity: In some cases, ternary logic circuits can be simpler and require fewer components than their binary counterparts.

Energy Efficiency: Ternary systems can potentially reduce power consumption by lowering the number of transitions needed to process the same amount of information.

Applications of Ternary Systems

Digital Signal Processing: Ternary logic can be used in digital signal processors (DSPs) to enhance performance and efficiency.

Memory and Storage Devices: Ternary-based memory systems can store more information in the same physical space compared to binary systems.

Communications: Ternary modulation schemes, such as pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM-3), are used in some communication systems to improve bandwidth efficiency.

Challenges and Considerations

Implementation Complexity: Designing and fabricating ternary circuits can be more complex than binary circuits due to the need for precise control of three distinct states.

Noise Margins: Ternary systems require careful management of noise margins to ensure reliable differentiation between the three logic levels.

Compatibility: Integrating ternary systems with existing binary infrastructure can pose compatibility challenges.

Example: Ternary Inverter

A simple example of a ternary logic circuit is the ternary inverter. In a binary system, an inverter flips the input (0 becomes 1, and 1 becomes 0). In a ternary system, the inverter must handle three states. One possible design could map the inputs and outputs as follows:

- Input 0 → Output 2

- Input 1 → Output 1

- Input 2 → Output 0

Ternary systems in electrical engineering represent a fascinating area of research and development, offering potential benefits in terms of information density, energy efficiency, and circuit complexity. However, practical implementation challenges must be addressed to fully realize the advantages of ternary logic in real-world applications. As technology advances, ternary systems may become more prevalent in various fields of electrical engineering, contributing to more efficient and powerful electronic devices.

Dear Harsha Haridas e S

According to SCImago https://www.scimagojr.com/journalsearch.php?q=13886&tip=sid&clean=0 and the latest JCR report (see enclosed file) this is a Q2 journal in Materials Science.

Best regards.

PS. According to SCImago it is a Q1 journal in Condensed Matter Physics.

Fundamentalmente: Muriéndose. Solo envejece lo vivo, aunque vivas muy sanamente. Lo no vivo no envejece, solo cambia.

Envejecer es inevitable a corto o a largo plazo.

Yoga and being vegetarian has great impact. Its also proven. Further if a person sticks down to a routine work and maintains proper diet , it can be controlled. Further natural therapy increases youngness.

I am interested in undertaking scientific cooperation in the problems of new technologies, including Industry 4.0/5.0, such as Big Data Analytics, machine learning, deep learning, artificial intelligence, including generative artificial intelligence. Besides, I am also eager for scientific cooperation in the issues of sustainable development, green circular economy, green transformation of the economy.

Best regards

Dariusz Prokopowicz

MAYBE.

As a researcher it is better to find the essence and prophecy of own genes

Is it a free, or is it pay to play?

Hello, Stephen Wolfram, has a unique perspective when it comes to the age-old debate between quantum mechanics and relativity. Rather than explicitly favoring one theory over the other, Wolfram takes a more holistic approach, seeking to unify these seemingly disparate branches of physics through his groundbreaking work on computational models and the fundamental theory of physics.

At the heart of Wolfram's philosophy lies a deep fascination with the complex behaviors that can emerge from simple computational rules. In his seminal book, "A New Kind of Science" and his subsequent research, he explores how cellular automata and other computational processes might hold the key to unlocking the mysteries of the universe. His ultimate goal is to develop a unified theory that can encompass both quantum mechanics and relativity, transcending the traditional boundaries between these two pillars of modern physics.

The Wolfram Physics Project, a recent endeavor spearheaded by Wolfram himself, embodies this ambitious vision. By proposing that the universe operates as a vast computational system governed by simple rules, Wolfram aims to reconcile the principles of quantum mechanics and general relativity, deriving them from a more fundamental, computational substrate. This approach represents a bold departure from conventional thinking, suggesting that the dichotomy between these theories might be resolved through a deeper understanding of computation in physics.

Wolfram's reluctance to express a clear preference for either quantum mechanics or relativity stems from his commitment to a unified approach. He believes that both theories are likely emergent properties of underlying computational processes, and that a true understanding of the universe will require a framework that integrates them seamlessly. By focusing on cellular automata and the concept of computational irreducibility, Wolfram seeks to develop new ways of thinking about physical laws that go beyond current paradigms.

It's worth noting that Wolfram's ideas have not been without controversy. Some physicists have criticized his claims as being non-quantitative and arbitrary, arguing that his model has yet to reproduce the precise quantitative predictions of conventional physics. However, Wolfram remains undeterred, believing that new ideas in science often take time to gain acceptance, much like Einstein's theory of relativity did in its early days.

Thanks for sharing. Wishing you every success in your task.

Dear Dr.

Thank you for your sharing and discussing. I submitted the form because it is from my mother's college (B.Sc. and M.Sc.) even though I am already a reviewer in 12 journals (Scoupos and Clarivate) as you will see in ORCID and Web of Science links.

Regards,

Ahmed

Quantum mechanics has been the “golden brake” of science for more than 100 years.

The most modern approaches in images' denoising are based on machine learning methodologies.

Genick Bar-Meir Consider adding 2 cents more as my contribution around this specific aspect of previous preparation of students; I have been feeling (not just feeling, it's a verifiable issue) that several students lack of two crucial components of success in Engineering studies when arriving to University: mathematical preparation and study habits (probably the last one is the most relevant).

I think the act of reading a favorite book often involves a journey shaped by prior reading experiences. Whether consciously or subconsciously, readers bring their accumulated knowledge, perspectives, and literary preferences to each new book they encounter. This prior reading background serves as a foundation upon which their understanding and appreciation of the favorite book are built. It may involve exposure to similar genres, themes, or writing styles, which contribute to a deeper engagement with the text and enhance the reading experience. Moreover, prior reading experiences help readers develop critical thinking skills, literary analysis abilities, and a broader cultural awareness that enriches their interpretation of the favorite book. In this way, each book becomes a stepping stone in the reader's literary journey, with prior reading laying the groundwork for the discovery and enjoyment of new favorites.

In discussions regarding the appropriate Capillary Number (Ca) for ignoring capillary effects in microchannel studies, it's essential to consider the context of the interface interactions. Typically, for water flow inside silicone microchannels, many studies, including mine, use the water-air surface tension value of 0.0726 N/m. This is generally because the dominant interface under investigation is between the water and air, not between the water and the silicone walls, unless specific surface modifications of the silicone suggest otherwise.

Furthermore, concerning the critical value of Ca, while the standard threshold is often set at Ca = 1, I believe this may not be universally applicable. In my study, which investigates forced flow with Reynolds numbers between 125 and 1300, it appears that capillary effects could be non-negligible even above this threshold. This observation leads me to suggest that the traditional threshold of Ca = 1 might need adjustment based on specific experimental conditions and flow behaviors. Such an approach allows for a more nuanced understanding of when viscous forces indeed dominate over capillary forces in practical scenarios

Farshid Hesami

Could it be that your cold trap packing material is moving around and sometimes creating channels? Sometimes it is packed firmly and sometimes it is loose.

Перевод плохой, но понятно, что ответы на ваши вопросы будут в проектной документации на разработку месторождения, а он, проект, будет составлен только на основе выполненного объёма сейсмических, геофизических и гидрологических исследований. И главное будет всё рано на основе данных, полученных при бурении и испытаниях пластов при бурении разведочной сетки скважин.

Do you have any working prototype of the device? What function should an ultrasonic generator perform? What is the configuration of the working chamber and the position of the nozzle in this chamber?

If there is no prototype, then this is a huge research work, with problems unknown in advance. The theory can appear only later, when experimental data appear.

Dear Nabonita Pal ,

Regards,

Shafagat

At first we need to know if you are capable of that or not and if you are capable of that you don't need anyone to recommendation . Anyway good luck..

Yes, I'd say they are:

The text here wasn't written by someone terribly familiar with English.

Or with the rudiments of how to convey information by a flow-chart.

I'd avoid it.

Scientific research is a dynamic process that allows us to acquire new knowledge and understand the world around us. Here are the key steps to starting a scientific investigation:

1. Observation: The first step is to observe a phenomenon, event, or problem. This observation may arise from curiosity, detecting a pattern, or identifying a need, leading to formulating a question: why does this happen? How does it work? What is the cause?

2. Problem definition: The problem to be investigated is clearly defined based on the question generated in the observation stage. It must be relevant, interesting, and address a specific area of knowledge.

3. Formulation of the hypothesis: A hypothesis is an assumption or prediction about the relationship between variables. It is a tentative answer to the question posed. The hypothesis must be testable and capable of being evaluated through experimentation or analysis.

4. Experimentation: In this stage, the hypothesis is tested through experiments, observations, or data analysis. Data is collected and compared to the predictions of the hypothesis.

5. Evaluation and analysis: The results obtained are evaluated objectively. The data is analyzed, and conclusions are drawn. If the results are consistent with the hypothesis, it is confirmed. If they are not, it is adjusted or discarded.

6. Communication of results: The findings are communicated to the scientific community and the general public. This can be done through publications.

Engr. Tufail I have a similar question，the Abaqus.dat file mentioned “ERROR: SIM database file cannot be opened - System Error CreateFile: code1023 ”

How could I solve the error？

Kind regards

Andy

Why would you even want to do that?

For most jobs, it's about your active skill set and agility to learn fast what the job at hand requires.

If you had the choice of two candidates: one, a rich kid who sat out their time at Harvard and got their very expensive, prepackaged, Computer Science degree. Or a much poorer kid who had to work their way up by programming for various start-ups and collected a well-thought-through portfolio of online MOOCs certificates. Like with the https://www.khanacademy.org/ for free and others at a mere fraction of a Harvard education.

Which candidate would you choose?

Dear Esteemed Colleague,

Thank you for your inquiry regarding the design of single-guide RNAs (sgRNAs) for Cas13d (CasRx), an RNA-targeting CRISPR-associated system. The development of effective sgRNAs is crucial for harnessing the full potential of Cas13d in RNA manipulation for research and therapeutic applications. Below, I provide a structured and comprehensive guide to designing sgRNAs for Cas13d, focusing on key considerations and methodologies.

1. Understanding Cas13d Specificity and Activity:Cas13d, a member of the Cas13 family, is distinguished by its ability to target and cleave RNA in a sequence-specific manner. Unlike DNA-targeting CRISPR systems, Cas13d offers a unique advantage for RNA editing, interference, and tracking applications. Its specificity is primarily determined by the sgRNA sequence, making the design of these guides a critical step.

2. Selection of Target RNA Sequence:The initial step involves identifying the RNA sequence you wish to target. This could be mRNA, non-coding RNA, or any other RNA molecule of interest. Considerations should include the biological function of the target RNA, its accessibility, and the potential off-target effects. The selected target sequence should be unique to minimize off-target activity.

4. Computational Tools and Resources:Several online tools and databases are available to assist in sgRNA design, including CRISPR RNA design tools that have been adapted for Cas13d. These tools can help predict off-target effects, evaluate sgRNA efficacy, and check for potential sgRNA secondary structures. Examples include CRISPOR, CRISPRdirect, and specific tools developed for Cas13 systems.

5. Off-Target Minimization:To minimize off-target effects, employ bioinformatics tools to ensure that the chosen sgRNA sequences have minimal sequence similarity to other RNA sequences in the target organism's genome. Design multiple sgRNAs for each target site to test efficacy and specificity.

6. Experimental Validation:After designing sgRNAs, it is essential to empirically validate their efficacy and specificity through in vitro or in vivo experiments. Techniques such as RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) can be used to assess the sgRNA's on-target activity and potential off-target effects comprehensively.

7. Optimization and Iteration:Based on experimental feedback, sgRNA designs may need to be iterated and optimized. This iterative process involves refining sgRNA sequences, testing alternative target sites, and possibly employing different Cas13d orthologues to enhance specificity and efficiency.

In conclusion, the design of sgRNAs for Cas13d (CasRx) involves a careful consideration of target RNA sequence, sgRNA sequence parameters, computational prediction of efficacy and off-target effects, followed by rigorous experimental validation. By adhering to these guidelines, researchers can effectively leverage the Cas13d system for precise RNA targeting applications.

I trust this guide will be instrumental in your endeavors with Cas13d and sgRNA design. Should you require further assistance or clarification, please do not hesitate to contact me.

Best regards.

Take a look at this protocol list; it could assist in understanding and solving the problem.

"Physicists have demonstrated an alternative to qubits for quantum computers: qumodes. Qubits have properties that can only have two states when measured — for example, an electron with a spin that is in one direction or another. Qmodes’ properties can vary along a continuum — in this case, the brightness of a light pulse. To create qumodes, researchers carefully modified laser pulses by removing one photon at a time and creating interference between pairs of pulses. They then demonstrated that the resulting pulses had the properties that would be required, both to perform ‘digital’ quantum computations and to correct errors in those computations. In theory, qumodes could lead to faster and less error-prone quantum computers..."

Go to the Wiley Author Services website: https://authorservices.wiley.com/author-resources/Journal-Authors/Prepare-Your-Manuscript/LaTeX-templates.html (ref to )

And replace the "STIX1COL" with "STIX2COL" in "APA//wileyNJD-APA.tex" file to get two column style, which would make the first codeline:

'''

\documentclass[APA,STIX2COL]{WileyNJD-v2}

'''

I need help to understand something. One statement to consider is "I exist". Another is "I exist today". Why is the first statement more appropriate than the second?

You are right that a RIS/metasurface can be used for many purposes. However, I don't think it can attract more EM waves than what would naturally reach it, but it can absorb the waves instead of reflecting them, and it can perform various kinds of analog processing of the waves. Metamaterials are used by companies such as Kumeta and Pivotal Commware to build antenna arrays that transmit and receive waves, rather than reflecting them.

Think of each RIS element as an antenna that converts the EM wave into an electrical signal. The circuitry can then be processed before the wave is either reflected/re-emitted or samples. So any kind of processing that can be done by an analog circuit could also be done by an RIS.

The slides by Petar Popovski from the following event mention some unusual things one can do with an RIS but attracting EM waves (like a magnet) isn't one of them:

I agree, if only there will be a man and a woman as parents.

in all my years as a lecturer, I noticed that most of my students study in "compartments", and whatever they learn in that compartment, stays there. coming to the next subject, and these knowledge areas pop up and student needs to be able to apply their knowledge, they forgot it all. they will even tell their lecturer they have never seen it before.

the industrial engineering field is very interactive, and if my students need to create a floor plan, they need to be able to apply work-study concepts, production engineering, costing, possibly simulation CAD and even communication skills...... yet the students do not always "see" how all their subjects link together, and influence your decisions.

Dear friend S M Mohiuddin Khan Shiam

Interdisciplinary collaboration, a potent tool in advancing scientific knowledge and generating innovative solutions, allows for the integration of diverse perspectives and ideas from various fields, including science, engineering, philosophy, and more. This synergy of expertise enables a comprehensive understanding of complex problems, fostering the development of novel approaches to problem-solving and the creation of new interdisciplinary fields of study. One of the primary advantages of interdisciplinary collaboration is the exchange of ideas and the blending of disciplines, which leads to a more profound understanding of the issue at hand. By bringing together individuals with different backgrounds and expertise, teams can tackle problems from multiple angles, resulting in novel and innovative solutions that would not have been possible through single-discipline research. Furthermore, interdisciplinary collaboration can lead to increased efficiency, as teams can work together seamlessly, sharing insights and communicating effectively, thereby expediting the progress towards their goals. This can result in a significant reduction in time and resources, enabling the accomplishment of more in a shorter amount of time. Perhaps most importantly, interdisciplinary collaboration has the potential to generate a greater impact on society. By integrating the expertise of different fields, teams can develop practical and applicable solutions to real-world problems, leading to substantial advancements in areas such as medicine, technology, and sustainability, among others. In conclusion, interdisciplinary collaboration is an indispensable element of scientific progress, as it allows for the integration of diverse perspectives and ideas, leading to increased efficiency, impact, and innovation. By fostering collaboration among individuals from various fields, it is possible to develop novel solutions to complex problems, paving the way for groundbreaking discoveries and advancements in various scientific disciplines.