Energy Conservation - Science topic

Energy conservation involves using less energy by adjusting your behaviors and habits. Energy efficiency, on the other hand, involves using technology that requires less energy to perform the same function. Energy efficiency generally pertains to the technical performance of energy conversion and consuming devices and building materials. Energy conservation generally includes actions to reduce the amount of energy end use. Energy conservation and efficiency may be related, but they have distinct definitions in the energy world. Energy conservation involves using less energy by adjusting your behaviors and habits. Energy efficiency, on the other hand, involves using technology that requires less energy to perform the same function. The principle of energy conservation states that energy is neither created nor destroyed. It may transform from one type to another. Like the mass conservation principle, the validity of the conservation of energy relies on experimental observations; thus, it is an empirical law. Energy efficiency generally pertains to the technical performance of energy conversion and consuming devices and building materials. Energy conservation generally includes actions to reduce the amount of energy end use. Energy efficiency is understood to mean the utilization of energy in the most cost effective manner to carry out a manufacturing process or provide a service, whereby energy waste is minimized and the overall consumption of primary energy resources is reduced. The first law of thermodynamics is equivalent to the law of conservation of energy: energy cannot be created or destroyed; the total amount of energy in the Universe is fixed. Energy can be transformed from one form to another or transferred from one place to another but the total energy must remain unchanged. The fewer greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere, the better chance we have to reduce climate change. Energy conservation helps us do that by decreasing our dependence on fossil fuels. Conserving energy also helps individuals save money. Energy conservation and energy efficiency are not only important topics for long-distance runners, they are also important when discussing our reliance on carbon-based fossil fuels. By practicing both energy conservation and energy efficiency, we can reduce our dependence on fossil fuels and help the environment. Around the globe, there is a great need to save energy, which impacts prices, emissions targets, and legislation that affects us all. Not only can energy management help reduce the carbon emissions that contribute to global warming, it also helps reduce our dependence on increasingly limited fossil fuels. Energy efficiency saves money, increases the resilience and reliability of the electric grid, and provides environmental, community, and health benefits.

Yes, conservation of energy emphasizes the need for a transition to a low-carbon economy and the role of energy efficiency measures in achieving sustainability goals. Cost Savings through Energy Conservation: One of the primary economic benefits of energy conservation is the potential for cost savings. Reducing your energy usage reduces the demand for fossil fuels and, in turn, lowers the levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Climate change results in heat waves, drought, higher sea level, abnormal weather patterns and a greater likelihood of natural disasters. The economy of energy conservation requires harmonizing the interests of energy producers and consumers. Such an agreement is possible in this case that the resource capabilities of the manufacturer and energy conservation of the consumers are considered simultaneously and on a unified basis. Generating electricity and heat by burning fossil fuels coal, oil, or gas causes a large chunk of the greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide that blanket the Earth and trap the sun's heat. The energy sector is the largest emitter of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, contributing to climate change. In turn, changes in climate can disrupt energy networks themselves, stress infrastructure, and pose safety risks to people. The first step to reduce your energy consumption and emissions is to measure and analyze how much energy your plant uses and where it goes. You can conduct an energy audit to identify the sources of energy waste, such as leaks, losses, inefficiencies, or outdated equipment.Energy conservation prolongs the existence of fossil fuels by limiting energy consumption. The slower non-renewable resources are consumed, the more time is available to develop alternatives to energy solutions. Energy conservation refers to efforts taken to reduce energy consumption in order to preserve resources for the future use and to reduce environmental pollution.

Dear Stam Nicolis

Thank you very much for the extremely informative points.

"As is, always, the case, the interactions follow from the symmetries. It's the discovery of what the symmetries of spacetime are, that determines what are the ways in which matter can affect it." This is a really important issue regarding symmetry, so a separate topic is set up to show this. https://www.researchgate.net/post/Symmetry_Invariance_and_Conservation_1-Who_is_the_Primary

Best Regards, Chian Fan

Dr Claude Alain Roulet thank you for your contribution to the discussion

Energy conservation refers to efforts taken to reduce energy consumption in order to preserve resources for the future use and to reduce environmental pollution. Energy conservation is a crucial process in that everyone should take part. Making efforts to save energy helps protect the natural environment. It cuts down greenhouse gas emissions, which slows down global warming. It also saves money by reducing electricity usage. Energy conservation is the effort to reduce wasteful energy consumption by using fewer energy services. This can be done by using energy more effectively or changing one's behavior to use less service. Energy conservation is a key part of this goal. A large portion of the world's energy is consumed by industries. Adopting energy-efficient technologies and practices can significantly reduce the energy demand of these industries, leading to more sustainable production patterns. The principle of physics states that the energy of interacting bodies or particles in a closed system remains constant. Kinetic energy, or energy of motion, was the first type of energy to be identified. Conservation of energy, principle of physics according to which the energy of interacting bodies or particles in a closed system remains constant and first kind of energy to be recognized was kinetic energy, or energy of motion. Conservation of energy is an action made to decrease energy consumption by any means. This can be done by using less energy. It is important for saving our natural resources. India's other ambitious reforms include the decision to open the national oil and gas markets and allow private-sector investments in coal mining. These steps are vital from the point of view of energy security and attaining energy efficiency. The total energy of an isolated system is constant. Energy is neither created nor destroyed; it can only be transformed from one form to another or transferred from one system to another.Conservation of energy does not mean saving energy. Instead, the law of conservation of energy says that energy is neither created nor destroyed. When people use energy, it doesn't disappear. Energy changes from one form of energy into another form of energy. The goal with energy conservation techniques is to reduce demand, protect and replenish supplies, develop and use alternative energy sources, and to clean up the damage from the prior energy processes. Energy efficiency means to use less energy to perform the same task. Basically to eliminate energy waste and energy conservation is to not use energy. As, turning lights off in an unused room is energy conservation while switching to more energy efficient lights such as LEDs is energy efficiency. Energy efficiency generally pertains to the technical performance of energy conversion and consuming devices and building materials. Energy conservation generally includes actions to reduce the amount of energy end use. Energy transfer is the movement of energy from one location to another. Energy transformation is the changing of energy from one type of energy to another. Energy conservation means that the total amount of energy always remains the same. Energy conservation is the process of saving energy by reducing energy use and waste, Energy efficiency is the percentage of energy put into a system that does useful work.

Energy conservation is any behavior that results in the use of less energy. Since most of the energy we use comes from non-renewable fossil fuels, conservation reduces demand and lessens negative environmental impact. Energy efficient homes and businesses bring us closer to a greener and healthier planet. Reducing your energy usage reduces the demand for fossil fuels and, in turn, lowers the levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Energy is found on our planet in a variety of forms, some of which are immediately useful to do work, while others require a process of transformation. The sun is the primary energy source in our lives. The various components further include energy, minerals, nutrients, water, oxygen and living organisms. Most of the energy in an ecosystem comes from the Sun. It consists of interdependent and interacting elements of the natural environment in a geographical area. All forms of electricity generation have an environmental impact on our air, water and land, but it varies. Of the total energy consumed in the United States, about 40% is used to generate electricity, making electricity use an important part of each person's environmental footprint. Reducing your energy usage reduces the demand for fossil fuels and, in turn, lowers the levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Climate change results in heat waves, drought, higher sea level, abnormal weather patterns and a greater likelihood of natural disasters. Energy efficiency delivers a number of environmental benefits. It notably reduces GHG emissions, both direct emissions from fossil fuel combustion or consumption, and indirect emissions reductions from electricity generation. We use a lot of energy in our homes and commercial buildings. In fact, studies show that the energy supply sector accounts for 35% of global emissions, the largest contributor to global greenhouse gas emissions. Energy conservation is a crucial process in that everyone should take part. Making efforts to save energy helps protect the natural environment. It cuts down greenhouse gas emissions, which slows down global warming. It also saves money by reducing electricity usage. Take advantage of no-to-low cost energy-saving tips if you are on a budget or rent, such as adjusting thermostats and turning off lights when space is unoccupied, unplugging electronics when not in use, using ENERGY STAR LED lightbulbs, adjusting window shades to reduce heating and cooling requirements, and installing. India's other ambitious reforms include the decision to open the national oil and gas markets and allow private-sector investments in coal mining. These steps are vital from the point of view of energy security and attaining energy efficiency. Climate change directly affects fuel supply, energy production as well as the physical resilience of current and future energy infrastructure. Heat waves and droughts are already putting existing energy generation under stress, making it even more important to reduce fossil fuel emissions.

In fact, around the globe, there is a great need to save energy, which impacts prices, emissions targets, and legislation that affects us all. Not only can energy management help reduce the carbon emissions that contribute to global warming, it also helps reduce our dependence on increasingly limited fossil fuels. There are numerous benefits that come from energy efficiency as it regulates greenhouse gas emissions, which includes direct emission that comes from fossil fuel consumption and combustion. It also reduces all the indirect emissions from electricity generation as well. When fossil fuels (gas, coal, oil) are burned in power plants to produce electricity, greenhouse gas emissions are also produced. By making a commitment to reducing your energy consumption, power plants will need to produce less electricity, thus reducing the amount of fossil fuels burned every day. An energy management system (EMS) is a system of computer-aided tools used by operators of electric utility grids to monitor, control, and optimize the performance of the generation or transmission system. Energy conservation is the act of preserving, guarding or protecting the energy wisely whereas energy management is the process of controlling or dealing with energy related components in the system.Energy transfer is the movement of energy from one location to another. Energy transformation is the changing of energy from one type of energy to another. Energy conservation means that the total amount of energy always remains the same. Energy conservation is incredibly important for several reasons. Along with reducing our reliance on non-renewable energy resources (like fossil fuels), it also helps save you money on energy costs, including utility bills and other energy bills. Energy efficiency means to use less energy to perform the same task. Basically to eliminate energy waste and energy conservation is to not use energy.

The account asking this question is a bot churning out hundreds of questions. Best to ignore it.

Energy efficiency is the use of less energy to perform the same task or produce the same result. Energy-efficient homes and buildings use less energy to heat, cool, and run appliances and electronics, and energy-efficient manufacturing facilities use less energy to produce goods. Energy efficiency delivers a number of environmental benefits. It notably reduces GHG emissions, both direct emissions from fossil fuel combustion or consumption, and indirect emissions reductions from electricity generation. Reducing energy use is essential in the fight against climate change, because traditional power plants burn fossil fuels that release greenhouse gases and contribute to air pollution. Energy-efficient homes and buildings are also better equipped to switch to renewable energy, which does not produce harmful emissions. Energy efficiency generally pertains to the technical performance of energy conversion and consuming devices and building materials. Energy conservation generally includes actions to reduce the amount of energy end use. The many benefits of energy efficiency include: Environmental: Increased efficiency can lower greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and other pollutants, as well as decrease water use. Economic: Improving energy efficiency can lower individual utility bills, create jobs, and help stabilize electricity prices and volatility. Energy efficiency is critical to solving the climate crisis. In most cases, efficiency measures have proven to be the most cost-effective way to address climate change while reducing energy waste, saving money, and affordably expanding the use of renewable energy resources. Changing our main energy sources to clean and renewable energy is the best way to stop using fossil fuels. These include technologies like solar, wind, wave, tidal and geothermal power. Switch to sustainable transport. Petrol and diesel vehicles, planes and ships use fossil fuels. Energy efficiency means the work done per joule of energy consumed, whereas carbon efficiency is defined as the work done per kilogram of CO2 emitted. Energy efficiency delivers a number of environmental benefits. It notably reduces GHG emissions, both direct emissions from fossil fuel combustion or consumption, and indirect emissions reductions from electricity generation. The energy sector is the largest emitter of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, contributing to climate change. In turn, changes in climate can disrupt energy networks themselves, stress infrastructure, and pose safety risks to people.Energy efficiency means to use less energy to perform the same task. Basically to eliminate energy waste. Energy conservation is to not use energy. As, turning lights off in an unused room is energy conservation while switching to more energy efficient lights such as LEDs is energy efficiency. Reducing your energy usage reduces the demand for fossil fuels and, in turn, lowers the levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Climate change results in heat waves, drought, higher sea level, abnormal weather patterns and a greater likelihood of natural disasters. Switch to green power generated from renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and hydropower. You can also consider rooftop solar or other self-supplied green power. Visit EPA's Power Profiler to learn about the air emissions impacts of your locally provided electricity. Energy conservation is a crucial process in that everyone should take part. Making efforts to save energy helps protect the natural environment. It cuts down greenhouse gas emissions, which slows down global warming. It also saves money by reducing electricity usage.

Shyam Lakshmanan Thank you for the insights. You rightly wrote, "EV's are another area of concern. As long as electricity generated is not green (or net zero), it does not address the global warming issue. Furthermore...". This is precisely The Paradox of EVs. Excerpts from: https://www.smartgreenpost.com/2021/10/06/the-paradox-of-electric-cars/ ".. one of the buzzwords if you will, is electric cars. This could be a good start, or just a way of hiding behind a finger, clearing one’s conscience, and perhaps saying that one has done everything possible to avoid the climate disaster we are heading for. For two reasons.

The second reason is linked to the failure to address the choice of electric cars with an integrated and supply chain strategy: it is true that these cars are powered by electricity, but most of this energy is still derived from power plants that are (still) based on coal"....

Use of energy efficiency for climate change there are numerous benefits that come from energy efficiency as it regulates greenhouse gas emissions, which includes direct emission that comes from fossil fuel consumption and combustion. It also reduces all the indirect emissions from electricity generation as well. Energy efficiency refers to the ability to achieve the best results in any activity using the least amount of energy resources possible. It allows us to reduce the consumption of a type of energy and with it the possible environmental impacts associated with it, i.e. to fight against climate change. The energy sector is the largest emitter of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, contributing to climate change. In turn, changes in climate can disrupt energy networks themselves, stress infrastructure, and pose safety risks to people. Read more about greenhouse gas emissions on the Basics of Climate Change.Solar, wind, hydroelectric, biomass, and geothermal power can provide energy without the planet-warming effects of fossil fuels. In any discussion about climate change, renewable energy usually tops the list of changes the world can implement to stave off the worst effects of rising temperatures. Switch to green power generated from renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and hydropower. You can also consider rooftop solar or other self-supplied green power. The Sun provides the primary source of energy driving Earth's climate system, but its variations have played very little role in the climate changes observed in recent decades. The balance between incoming energy from the sun and outgoing energy from Earth ultimately drives our climate. This energy balance is governed by the first law of thermodynamics, also known as the law of conservation of energy. Often ranked as one of the most efficient energy sources, wind energy is harnessed all over the world.

Carbon footprint is the measure of the amount of carbon emanated into the atmosphere by Human activities. Production of electricity and transportation are some of the major causes of carbon footprint. Carbon footprint left by human activities has a wide spread effect on the environment and is a matter of grave concern. The major contributors to carbon footprints are: food, consumption, transportation, and household energy. Food is a major contributor to carbon footprints, and meat in particular is an issue. Livestock is responsible for a significant amount of greenhouse gas emissions, and beef is one of the biggest contributors. The sheer volume of CO₂ emitted by coal-fired power plants makes the electric power sector the largest source of GHGs in India. The second-largest contributor is the agriculture sector, which produces huge amounts of methane (CH₄) from rice paddies and cattle. A carbon footprint is basically the total amount of greenhouse gas emissions that anything a person, organization, event or product has produced. Greenhouse gases are the gases in the atmosphere that produce the “greenhouse effect” and contribute to global warming and climate change. At present, humans are putting an estimated 9.5 billion metric tons of carbon into the atmosphere each year by burning fossil fuels, and another 1.5 billion through deforestation and other land cover changes. Reducing your energy usage reduces the demand for fossil fuels and, in turn, lowers the levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Climate change results in heat waves, drought, higher sea level, abnormal weather patterns and a greater likelihood of natural disasters. Energy efficiency delivers a number of environmental benefits. It notably reduces GHG emissions, both direct emissions from fossil fuel combustion or consumption, and indirect emissions reductions from electricity generation. Reducing energy use is essential in the fight against climate change, because traditional power plants burn fossil fuels that release greenhouse gases and contribute to air pollution. Energy-efficient homes and buildings are also better equipped to switch to renewable energy, which does not produce harmful emissions. Renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar, emit little to no greenhouse gases, are readily available and in most cases cheaper than coal, oil or gas. Most of our energy comes from fossil fuels today. When we burn fossil fuels for energy, carbon dioxide is released, leading to accumulation of greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere and climate change. By switching to renewable energy, we can reduce our carbon footprint by up to 2.5 tons annually.

As a renewable source of power, solar energy has an important role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and mitigating climate change, which is critical to protecting humans, wildlife, and ecosystems. Solar energy can also improve air quality and reduce water use from energy production. When it comes to environmental impact, gathering silicon and glass are both non-issues, as they're abundant and non-toxic. However, the process of mining for those metals creates greenhouse gas emissions and can lead to soil, water and air pollution. Bats and birds are killed every year by wind turbines. Solar panels can take up large chunks of desert previously used by a host of wildlife from pronghorns and tortoises to coyotes and rattlesnakes. Without efficiency and reasonable limits to energy use, solar and wind power only benefit the environment so much. Solar panels typically don't require much maintenance other than periodic cleaning and keeping them free from obstacles that can cast shadows over the panels. Solar panels need an unobstructed path to the sun to operate optimally. Solar panels typically don't require much maintenance other than periodic cleaning and keeping them free from obstacles that can cast shadows over the panels. Solar panels need an unobstructed path to the sun to operate optimally. Solar technologies convert sunlight into electrical energy either through photovoltaic (PV) panels or through mirrors that concentrate solar radiation. This energy can be used to generate electricity or be stored in batteries or thermal storage. Solar energy technologies and power plants do not produce air pollution or greenhouse gases when operating. Using solar energy can have a positive, indirect effect on the environment when solar energy replaces or reduces the use of other energy sources that have larger effects on the environment. You can clean solar panels using a water hose; however, keep the water pressure in mind. Use a nozzle to control the pressure of the water. While using water to clean the panel, it is essential to check the temperature of the water. The difference between the temperature of solar panels and water should not be more. The maximum amount of electricity the system can produce under ideal conditions (known as 'peak sun'). Sometimes called 'rated capacity' or 'rated output', this is taken to be 1,000 watts (or 1 kW) of sunlight for every square metre of panel. Most domestic solar panel systems have a capacity of between 1 kW and 4 kW. Solar panels work by converting light into electricity. If there is dirt on the surface of the solar panel, it can reduce how much light is absorbed by that area, reducing efficiency. Cleaning solar panels reduce dust, debris, and other contaminants such as leaves and bugs, which could further reduce efficiency.

The energy-momentum tensor is given by the RHS of Einstein’s equations and a check is provided by the property that it is covariantly conserved. If it’s not, then there’s an error in the calculations. These are standard exercises.

I believe it may be possible with something like a complex matrix based equation with a vast amount of output data to generally cover a wide range of processes related to light, but generally no. As @Javad Fardaei said their are inherent blockers to answering this question in a logical way. It is still a valid question, but I believe the answer would simply be no.

Many people may think that an irrational such as 2^1/2 is mathematical, not physical, and has no direct connection to quantum mechanics (QM).

On the other hand, we guess that's a great question even though no one really knows the exact answer.

We offer the following:

For the interpretation of probabilities in QM to make sense, the wave function Ψ must satisfy certain conditions.

An extremely important and yet rarely mentioned condition is,

Ψ squared = Ψ* squared=Ψ.Ψ* must always be positive and real.

This is the required answer.

Matrix transition chains B (solving the heat diffusion/conduction equation as a function of time) suggests finding an adequate alternative complex transition matrix (satisfying this condition) to solve the Schrödinger equation as a function of time.

what is quite striking is that 2^1/2 should appear explicitly and be expressed numerically as 1.142... in order to construct the required complex transition matrix.

Metal single atoms and metal nanoclusters (nanoparticles) play different roles. Metal atoms can be used primarily for surface or bulk doping of a semiconductor photocatalyst. Clusters and metal nanoparticles often act as electrocatalytic sites on the photocatalyst surface. A mixture of them is appropriate if it is necessary to simultaneously increase the concentration of electron donor centers in the band gap of a semiconductor photocatalyst and increase the efficiency of the involvement of photogenerated electrons and holes in surface chemical (electrochemical) reactions.

The comment to

“…II：“And, in this case finally: in physics there exist fundamental parameter of practically everything – “energy”, which at least till now doesn’t exist in mathematics…”

- see in SS post in https://www.researchgate.net/post/Can_different_forms_of_energy_be_unified

Cheers

You are most welcome, Prof. Chian Fan

In Theoretical Solid State Physics are the so called noncentrosymmetric crystals, for them spin is not anymore a good quantum number, and a new term is introduce: Helicity.

Therefore your question is relevant.

Kind Regards.

Dear André Michaud

I certainly hope the double tracks are simultaneous, because it looks so beautiful.

However, it is also necessary to do further verification as an adequate scientific study. I think this is your point as well. We look forward to more experimental analyses.

Best Regards, Chian Fan

Dear friend Delaram Nematollahi

Please contact you librarian.

Dear Stefano Quattrini

Your description of the “experiment” rely on classic physics/phenomenological physics. If the purpose of the experiment is to show that space must contain an enormous amount of energy, your conclusion is 100% correct.

However, if I translate your experiment into Parmenides’ concept, the underlying reality that “creates” your experiment has a spatial structure. But the concentration of energy in phenomenological reality means that every unit of the structure don’t collapse under influence of local concentrations of energy. Even if the local concentration of energy is the largest black hole in the universe. Thus the consequence is that the energy of every unit of the structure of discrete space – Parmenides’ concept – is infinite. But because energy is (the power to create) geometrical change it is better to state that the resistance against topological deformation of every unit of the structure is infinite (because the resistant against deformation is squared).

However, energy isn’t positive or negative. That are added qualifications that are only true from a certain point of view. For example, if I want to describe the topological deformation of a body with invariant volume, a push from 1 side that deforms the surface area, will result in a corresponding “pop up” of the same amount of volume that was pushed away at the other side (because the volume is invariant). If I have to describe the deformation I have to choose how to describe the input deformation and the corresponding output deformation of the invariant volume. I can use the qualification positive and negative – or conversely – but it is just a choice to facilitate reliable calculations.

Try to imagine Parmenides’ concept of an underlying reality that is an enormous invariant volume that has a structure and every unit of the structure has identical basic dynamical properties. Every unit has the same “power” to change its variable properties thus it is obvious that every unit changes in a quantized way. Because the change of the shapes of all the units must be synchronized. In line with the existence of the universal conservation laws in physics (energy and momentum).

The consequence is that at the moment “NOW” every unit of the structure of the universe transfers the same amount of topological deformation (Planck’s constant). It doesn’t matter if it is a unit somewhere in a void between the galaxies or a unit in the centre of our sun or even a black hole. Every unit transfers 1 fixed amount of topological deformation. Anyway, in physics we don’t talk about the structure of the universe, we talk about the structure of the electromagnetic field. But that’s the same because the flat Higgs field is the so called “vector space” in QM (mediating the vectors of the magnetic field and the vectors of the gravitational field).

In other words, our concept of the nature of energy in physics is a bit limited. We like to use the classical/phenomenological way of reasoning but that has limitations (the result is a lasting stagnation in theoretical physics).

Nevertheless, your conclusion is correct.

With kind regards, Sydney

There are several analysis tools and software available that can be useful for performing energy conservation measure (ECM) analysis. Here are some of the most commonly used ones:

The choice of which analysis tool or software to use depends on the specific needs and requirements of the ECM analysis. It's recommended to consult with an experienced energy professional to determine the most appropriate tools and methods for your specific project.

Dear Jörn Schliewe,

Thank you for your insightful comments and questions. We appreciate the opportunity to engage in a detailed discussion on this topic. To address your concerns and provide a comprehensive response, we would like to focus on the discrepancy highlighted by Stefano Quattrini and the possible physical implications of this gap.

The difference between the Lorentz transformation and the field transformations for energy density can indeed be attributed to the term vx/c^2, which Stefano Quattrini referred to as a "fake time." This term emerges from the Lorentz transformation when applied to fields, and it represents a sort of mixing between space and time coordinates due to the relative motion of the two reference frames. In a sense, it can be seen as an artifact of the Lorentz transformation, which could lead to an inconsistency in the energy density conservation.

Regarding the Euclidean rotation and the group velocity, it is true that these concepts offer a more straightforward and intuitive explanation for the observed behavior of moving quantum particles. However, it is essential to consider the broader context of relativistic physics and the many successful predictions and experimental confirmations of the Lorentz transformation and the theory of special relativity.

One possible route to investigate the energy density conservation issue is to analyze the transformation properties of different field components and their interplay. This could help us understand how the Lorentz transformation and the field transformations might need to be modified or reconciled to maintain energy density conservation. Alternatively, it might lead us to reconsider our assumptions about the underlying physics or explore new theoretical frameworks that provide a more consistent description of the phenomenon.

Regarding the connection between Lorentz transformations and Möbius transformations for spacetime, it is important to note that Möbius transformations are conformal transformations that preserve angles but not necessarily lengths or areas. While the Lorentz transformation and the Möbius transformation share some similarities, it is not immediately clear how the latter could be applied to the energy density conservation problem without further investigation and development of the underlying theoretical framework.

So, while the simple explanation of kinetic energy by Euclidean rotation and the group velocity of particles is appealing, it is crucial to continue exploring the deeper implications of the discrepancy between the Lorentz transformation and the field transformations for energy density. This investigation may lead to a better understanding of relativistic physics and the development of more consistent theoretical frameworks.

Best regards,

Alessandro

Elahe Soheil Sarv It is conceivable that your model's internal and kinetic energy are not completely dispersed at the end of the simulation. This might be due to a variety of reasons, including the material qualities of the ball and the impactor, the model's boundary conditions, and the simulation's length.

You might attempt the following to increase the accuracy of your energy plots:

1. Check that the ball and impactor material characteristics are appropriately modeled in your simulation.

2. Examine the model's boundary conditions to check that they are properly defined and do not introduce any mistakes.

3. Increase the simulation time to allow for more thorough energy dissipation.

4. Consider using a more advanced modeling technique, such as explicit dynamic analysis, which can better capture high-energy impacts and accurately predict the resulting energy dissipation.

I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any further questions.

Have you been able to simulate it ?

I suggest that you develop your mathematical approach around the fundamental quantities that are conserved rather than secondary ones. For example, temperature is not conserved, while energy is. Force, momentum (angular and linear), mass, and energy are conserved, while velocity isn't. There are also "conservative" forms of partial differential equations (Google "navier-stokes conservative form") and non-conservative ones. For example ∂(ρCT)/∂x vs. ρC∂T/∂x. Use the conservative forms and ∂E/∂x then calculate ρ, C, and T from H. The same thing goes for pressure, which isn't conserved, while dF=d(ma) works even when m and a are both changing. Solving for T as a function of H and composition (instead of H as a function of T) is just another equation to solve and there are many possible approaches.

The physical conserved energy is the total energy. You can write equations for other forms of energy but they are never conserved.

The equation for temperature (intensive variable) must be deduced from the equation of the internal energy.

I think solar and wind are most affordable energy, but there is always room for new research or innovation to reduce the initial cost for installation of the energy.

The Built Environment sector consumes a substantial portion of non‐renewable energy and prompts the emission of a significant amount of CO2; contributing approximately 39% of the annual global CO2. A third of the usage of total energy and CO2 emissions is a result of the Construction Sector in the developed and developing nations.

The Smartcrusher is a classic example of Circular economy by Netherlands Circular, 2018. Concrete is strong enough to last for centuries. But every kilogram of cement produces one kilogram of CO2 emissions. This means that today’s concrete and cement industry emits about three times as much CO2 as all aircraft combined. Crushed pieces of concrete can now only be used as low-grade gravel replacements. SmartCrusher is a device that separates the unused cement stone from the concrete rubble. It also produces residual flows of good quality sand and gravel. The cement stone can be used directly in concrete production and thus saves cement and CO2 emissions. With SmartCrusher, 50% of the world’s largest concrete construction flow can be made circular. The revenue model shows that the investment can be recouped within 1.5 years and that the price of concrete is halved. And that without including CO2 pricing

<https://www.circulairondernemen.nl/uploads/e71c83f3da2eee7ad8689cc0c66d3ff3.pdf>

In the category of PROFIT, the price of concrete is halved, allowing more headroom for profit. There is ample savings from less waste and Carbon Tax.

In the category PLANET, the impact of CO2 emissions is the rise in global temperatures that result in shrinking changes of water supplies, changes in weather patterns and increase in sea levels; among others. By reducing emissions these consequences of global warming are curbed.

PEOPLE are better off with less CO2 emissions. Air pollution from construction has a direct effect on construction workers’ health, and the health of citizens near construction sites. As an example, the UK’s Health and Safety Executive has found that over 200 construction workers die yearly prematurely from diseases caused by exposure to diesel fumes (Bellona, 2019). There is no safe amount of air pollution, which means that the less air pollution we can have, the safer it will be for construction workers, and citizens exposed to construction sites.

*The triple bottom line is a business concept that posits firms should commit to measuring their social and environmental impact—in addition to their financial performance—rather than solely focusing on generating profit, or the standard “bottom line.” It can be broken down into “three Ps”: profit, people, and the planet

*A circular economy is "a model of production and consumption, which involves sharing, leasing, reusing, repairing, refurbishing and recycling existing materials and products as long as possible."

Thank You again, Milan, your offer is precious, I'll search who or what institution in Africa may be in a position to come up with meaningful ideas or more (!) to make renewable energy an efficient approach.

Hello Igor; Here is an example from my own observations. The small desert rodent Neotoma lepida (Desert Packrat) makes a large pile of sticks, bits of cactus, and other bits of vegetation. A large nest may be more than 2 m in diameter and as much as 1 m high. The individual makes a nest deep in this pile. The nest resembles that of a "typical" bird. It is dug into a platform of fine vegetation bits. The animal uses this platform as its toilet! Urine and feces are embedded in the platform and the mass ferments warming the nest by a few degrees. This is the theme in the winter when temperatures may regularly fall below freezing. During the summer the individual occupies another nest placed away from the toilet platform...it is cooler there.

Both processes involve heat and load and thus require energy input, but in powder metallurgy, the wastage of material is kept minimum, and major form of energy input is required for the sintering process. But, in casting process, excess materials after casting have to be removed, and repeatedly reused by melting the solid metals. All of this adds to the higher energy consumption for casting process compared to powder metallurgy.

But it is also important to note that both processes have their own pros and cons and the selection of the fabrication process depends purely on the application, product specifications and availability of fabrication facility.

That question doesn't make sense, because in a curved spacetime energy isn't a well-defined quantity. The reason is that invariance under time translations-which is the symmetry that expresses the fact that energy is conserved-isn't a global symmetry under these circumstances.

I think there is no problem unless the equation defines a different meaning from the original one

Dear Anže Hubman

First, thank you very much for your kind reply.

Back to my problem, I tried to create amorphous silica by melting and quenching method. Initially I tried to equilibrate Beta-Cristobalite at 1800K in NPT and NVE ensembles respectively. However, in the NVE ensemble, system temperature begins to increases as shown in the Fig. 1.

Then I skipped the NVE equilibration and used NPT for the melting and quenching process following http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4983753. However the resultant amorphous silica also not able to handle the NVE ensemble keeping a stable temperature. My timestep size is 0.5fs and used the SiO.tersoff potential file which comes with LAMMPS.

I have attached my input script (SiO2.in) and the SiO.tersoff files herewith. I'm guessing that my initial atomic positions are the issue here since I have borrowed it from the LAMMPS mailing list. I have also attached the initial structure (SiO2.data lammps data file format) of my system herewith.

Can you please tell me about your procedure of creating amorphous silica, such as the initial crystal structure used, timestep size, whether is it ok to use the SiO.tersoff from LAMMPS or did you used a different potential file. I would be really grateful if you could help me out.

Hi,

It doesn't look like a problem of LV thermostat. If there is always a 10K offset. It looks like a systematic energy calculation offset, for example, kinetic energy calculated not calibrated with respect to the center of mass of the system. Very often, there might be some translational drift of the whole system during simulation. As a result, the kinetic energy needs to be re-calibrated accordingly in order to obtain the right temperature. Just my two cents

MY

I totally agree with Divyesh Ubale

M.Kirchhart: Thanks for the remarks. To the best of my knowledge, the paper arXiv:2007.01656 by Fehn et al. is the first to show that the inviscid 3D-TGV develops anomalous energy dissipation. To this goal, the authors make very expensive simulations with up to 8192^3 DOF which is the finest resolution so

far. It seems to be questionable whether even more expensive simulations are

reasonable at all. For good reasons, Fehn et al. look at the evolution of the kinetic energy E(t) and of -dE(t)/dt. Nevertheless, It is interesting to identify numerical convergence rates of E(t) and the dissipation rate based on the finest numerical resolution.

But wouldn't it be better to look for a mathematically reasonable approximation

of the Reynolds stress tensor (RST) as it is done for turbulent 3D channel flow.

A potential candidate for a numerical dissipation could be the recent arXiv paper by Ahmed et al. (July 7, 2020) where they suggest a least square stabilization of the vorticity equation in the linear Oseen case. The generalization to the nonlinear case would add a weighted curl of the vorticity equation. In the critical limit of

viscosity \nu=0, there would remain second order spatial derivatives which eventually could serve as model of RSI. In my opinion, this would be an interesting

analytical approach.

Thanks dear Mohamed Salaheldin for your reply....

The first step is Energy conservation and next is optimal use of this energy ie

Energy Efficiancy = ( Energy Optimization / Energy conserved )

Energy Transition from conventional generation technologies to Green Distributed Generation

I am not sure we are understanding each other, the conservation property is expressed in discrete meaning. What is fulfilled for a certain FD formula is not fulfilled for a finite spectral representation. That does not depend on the order of accuracy.

Hello Swati,

Here is the detailed survey of the underwater simulation softwares available in the market. Here is the paper citation(Also attached) : Das, Anjana & Thampi, Sabu. (2017). Simulation Tools for Underwater Sensor Networks: A Survey. Network Protocols and Algorithms. 8. 10.5296/npa.v8i4.10471.

Here is the link for the helpful development for ns-2 aqua-sim work :

http://labs.ece.uw.edu/funlab/uan/uansim.html

You can also make contribution to ns-3 which is more reliable right now. P.S. you can not convert ns-2 files to ns-3 directly as ns-2 uses OTcL for development but it can be converted to ns-3. There is new tool for ns-3 which is Aqua-Sim-NG which was developed and maintained by R. Martin, here is the link for the same : https://github.com/rmartin5/aqua-sim-ng

The attached link shows how to build a thermoelectric USD charger

https://www.instructables.com/id/Thermoelectric-USB-charger/

I concur with Kabir. The potential energy is a function of momentum.

Ibrahim Mohammad Please try to rewrite your question in a way that we can more clearly understand what your question is. What do you mean by Electrolzer, SPV and PEM? It is a good practice to define all acronyms the firs time they are used.

I agree with Ali Agha

I think we know admit that the quantum (be it ddB or not) is hard or impossible to mix with relativistic frames from the start.

So you just say you do everything on a fixed frame. The only exception I see is maybe Dirac equation, which uses a 4 spinor; built on a Lorenz invariant, the Einstein energy form EE=ppcc+m0m0cccc, starting from a linear equation, treating E as an eigenvalue. Again, the proper conclusion is just maybe a partial incompatibility of two theories, with variants on the quantum side. The main philosophical and general difference I can see is quantum vs. classical. The basic philosophy of the Dirac equation is based on probability density, not trayectories, as in normal QM

However I think that this clash may be particularly strong if definitive trajectories are chosen, as in ddB. That is all.

Good question, i follow that.

Dear Victor, I've got the same result with that functional. Unreasonable high values for electrostatic and polarization. Could you solve your problem?

Dear Sofia,

If I understand you well , when we have any click on any detector on any time then the global wave function was collapse,

and we need to repeat the experiment again to get the same setup again ...

Best regards,

Mazen

The use of coal for product power not way economicaly for stats and co2 critical grow

The world needed to change in all level energy conversion for sustainble development so we researchers should this start the study for renewbles energy to help the world without pallution and enhancment CO2

Thanks -- appreciate these references.

Dear Prof.

Using Energy+ and design builder software can be helpful.

Best regards,

You need to measure the following parameters:

1. Mass airflow of air

2. Fuel flow rate (either directly or using a wideband air/fuel ratio gauge)

3. Intake air temperature

Exhaust gas temperature

With the above measured parameters, you can calculate heat flow using the heat of formation and using basic combustion equations.

If you do not have a possibility of measuring airflow, use volumetric efficiency, intake pressure and temperature, and engine RPM with the known swept volume, and estimate mass airflow rate.

I think that the lack of coherence between the thermal carriers and the lack of anything approaching an electromagetic effect will mean that L=C=0 for all conditions and hence anything other than an exp(-kx) function will simply not apply.

A few (trivial) remarks: the Green function is studied here, http://web.physics.ucsb.edu/~fratus/Phys100A/Boris/605_wveq_%288%29.pdf , and more details are given in the book by Evans. In general the Green function isn't a function, but a weaker object (a distribution) which can be locally expressed as derivatives of measures.

In order to cope with initial data, it must be a Dirac mass at t=0 (the identity of the convolution operator). Usually, one discretizes a Dirac mass in 1D by putting a weight multiplied by 1/DX, being DX the space step. The rationale is to ensure that, taking the antiderivative (-> Heaviside), it has the correct jump for any value of DX>0. This is a way to secure weak consistency.

Clearly, it's even more delicate to do so in 2d with radial functions ... I know that Anna-Karin Tornberg published years ago some papers dealing with efficient Dirac masses approximation at the numerical level, here is one of these.

Dear Berham,

Surely all the references that you have done and last explanations answer the question of Arbab. Surely that Schwinger showed that the conservation of energy in a metal needs a functional derivative of the Hamiltonian (in a Fock space or in Hilbert space?) with respect to the potential vector A(r) (in the Lorentz gauge or better in Coulomb gauge, perhaps another one). I don't know if the renormalization in QED is so important as this equation, but in the book on electrodynamics of Schwinger ( a very good reference for classical electrodynamics) never wrote on solid state physics and lest on electronic transport in metals.

By the way, I don`t remember to finish speaking on the Maxwell equations for superconductivity because I don't know the relation of both things even in London equations or Missner effect (diamagnetism). In any case, you have the reason surely because my memory is quite weak and the posts are written.

Don't put Arbab in troubles for answering, because he needs to start with the comments of Clifford first and the discussion that you have had on the conservation of energy for the electronic transport in metals. Fantastic!

Have a good day!

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* It is also to employ the canonical quantization or the path integral formalism assuming that we have a symplectic structure.