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I'm working on the method development for the analysis of various PPCPs and emerging contaminants in aquatic environments, currently focusing on SPE recovery by spiking compounds in Milli-Q water. Using the OASIS HLB cartridge, I’m achieving good recoveries for most compounds, but triclosan remains problematic. My method involves washing with 5% methanol in water and eluting with methanol. I've tested different pH levels (pH 2, 4, 7, 10) and various elution solvents (methanol, acidified methanol, basic methanol, methanol with ethyl acetate, and methanol with DCM), yet I haven't recovered triclosan. I even tried DCM, expecting it would help, but saw no improvement. I am now planning to collect samples at each SPE stage after sample loading to pinpoint where triclosan is being lost. I’m using nylon 0.2 filters with syringes and all glassware throughout the process, but I’m struggling to identify the cause of the issue. Could anyone share their thoughts on this? Thanks
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Dileep Singh Good to hear you found the problem.
When I develop methods for formulations where filtration is important, I usually screen at least two types of filter materials (such as nylon and PTFE) and two different manufactures for each (say, FischerSci and MilliporeSigma). Additionally, I would keep the diameter (for example, 33 mm for all, otherwise there will be difference in binding and filtration capacity due to the surface area) and the material of construction for the housing the same (such as polypropylene; this is to avoid difference due to degradation and leeching, especially with aggressive solvents or base/acids). Whenever possible, I also use centrifugation as the reference solution to evaluate differences due to filtration. Since centrifugation is more straightforward, if I can get a clear solution where the expected recovery matches the experimental, that's my go to.
It's not unusual to see difference in results between labs when filtration is used. Some suggested reasons are listed below.
It's common to see a difference of a few percents in recovery using the same filter material from different manufacturers (especially if the diameters are also different).
If standard syringe filtration is used, that's prone to user variations:
- One point of variation for example is: I often prefer to discard the first few drops of filtrate as it may contain leechables or particles from the filter and/or syringe. But sometimes there is insufficient starting solution to sacrifice this amount.
- Another variation may be the final step of the filtration: Some people push the syringe plunger all the way in, thus trying to collect every last drop from the filter. This allows collecting of all volume and material but also may rupture the filter or create bubbles (and with that aggregates when we work with polymeric substances); it may also force out particles that would otherwise be retained by the filter.
- The total sample load( concentration and volume) and turbidity of the solution is important. If you only had one analyte in a clear solution, then that would filter more efficiently that filtering a solution that contains 10 analytes + matrix additives that is also turbid. The filter would then quickly exceed its binding capacity and may leave no pores for the analytes that would normally pass to traverse through the membrane.
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Subject: Invitation to Contribute a Book Chapter to " Emerging Contamination of Microplastics in Soil, Terrestrial Plants, and Food Chain: Impacts, Remediation, and Eco-friendly Solutions" - Springer Book Series "Handbook of Environmental Chemistry" Dear Professors and Researchers, it is my great pleasure to invite you to contribute a high-quality book chapter to this outstanding book, which will be published in the most prestigious book series in Springer. Please read the attached invitation. We look forward to your positive response. Email: Hebaelbasiouny1@gmail.com
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Nice
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I am glad to announce the 18th International Symposium on Persistent Toxic Substances and Health (ISPTS-2024) to be held in Chania (Greece, Sept 14-19, 2024) Abstract submission is now open till April 15, 2024. Abstract submission should be done through the EASYCHAIR platform www.ispts2024.gr Damia Barcelo will be the first plenary speaker Emerging Contaminants: Risk and Challenges for Water Quality, Water Reuse and Plant Uptake. Solutions using advanced treatment technologies in Europe
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The correct title of the talk of Damia is: Unlocking Large Biomolecules in Wastewater Based Epidemiology (WBE): Insights into Public Health and Industrial Activity Signatures
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Are adsorption systems superior to membrane filtration systems for purifying drinking water, especially in removing emerging contaminants? If yes, why?
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Although membrane filtration systems are favored for their purity and resistance to fouling, it would be premature to assert that adsorption systems are inherently inferior to membrane filtration systems. The choice of water treatment methods is contingent upon several factors, including but not limited to the nature and concentration of pollutants, adherence to water quality regulations, economic feasibility, and system design parameters. The combination of adsorption and membrane filtration can yield hybrid systems that exhibit superior purification efficacy in specific contexts.
Use of activated carbon adsorption in combination with ultrafiltration membranes, for example.The activated carbon adsorption step may remove biodegradable organic pollutants, and the ultrafiltration membrane can efficiently remove suspended solids, germs, and viruses. When these two processes are combined, they can produce high-quality effluent that fulfills severe water quality criteria. Furthermore, using activated carbon in the  system can aid to prevent membrane fouling, improving membrane lifespan and lowering operating expenses.
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In water quality assessment, the presence of Pesticides and various organic compounds( including emerging contaminants ) will have a deeper impact on human health and the environment. Even usage of the highly sophisticated HPLC, LC, Methods will also have the financial constraint for the researcher in low-income countries due to lack of funds. Hence What are other alternative methods that would give information on the concentration of the pollutants?
Can a biosensor be utilized?
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Dear Colleague
I understand your situation!
If the accuracy and precision of analysis and results are important(that I am sure they are so dominant in analytical chemistry), there would be no way, and please try gas chromatography (GC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), but probably the sponsor from RG or other opportunity will be provided for you.
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Using marine organisms ( in particular demersal fish) I would like to study the effect of emerging contaminants and multiple stressor in these communities. Do you have any advice/recommendation?
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Hi all,
Complimentary 50 days' free access for all ending on Mar 2, 2021!
Please click the following link: https://authors.elsevier.com/a/1cOgl7tGO%7EDnCk
Please feel free to download, read & cite the article.
Thanks.
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Hello..We attach this paper to you ... and good luck@
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Hello
I am developing a soil column experiment to study pharmaceuticals transport and attenuation.I would like to know If is better to use a glass or a PVC column to perform this experiment and why
I would be very grateful for any help
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PVC is much cheaper, more durable and easier to use. However, it may adsorb organics. I suggest to test the material with your compounds of interest by making a cylinder with a sealed end, filling with solution at the appropriate concentration and letting it sit for 24 or more hours. Take a sample of the solution when you put it in, and then compare that concentration with the solution in the cylinder.
Perhaps at better option is to use Teflon, PTFE. I have used it with good results on volatile organics.
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I investigate PPCPs in surface water isotopically standards are very expensive, I need an alternative internal standard to quantify my analytes simultaneously.
#Emerging contaminant
#surfacewater
#PPPCPs
#Internal standard
#pollution
#environmnet
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I am developing a soil column experiment to study antibiotic transport and attenuation. Most works in the literature perform a saturation with a CaCl2 solution in the soil before performing the leaching experiment. I would like to know the reason for this saturation with CaCl2. I have not found any work that explains the reason for this saturation.
I would be very grateful for any help.
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In sorption and leaching exprimnets one mostly uses 0.01 M CaCl2 (see also OECD guidelines). This is because a) soil never contains simply water but always a solution of different salts. b) Agricultural soils typically have soil pH >4.5. Under that conditions Ca ions largely dominate the solution. As a consequence of a) and b) 0.01 M CaCl2 is a perfect surrogate of soil solution.
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Emerging contaminants affect the food chain in long term process. I am looking for material related to this topic????
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My current research is actually related to the effect of REE as emerging contaminants on fermented milk products. I guess your field of study more related to organic emerging contaminants.
Good luck with you research.
Thank you for your
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Emerging contaminants are present in traces in water, air and soil. these can not be removed by conventional treatment methods. ECs are classified on the basis of their causes or sources of origin such as pharmaceuticals, agricultural ECs etc
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Pharmaceuticals are an important group of ECs and their presence in drinking water has generated significant concerns regarding the risk of estrogenic and other adverse effects on humans and fauna.
Approximately 3000 different substances are estimated to be used as pharmaceutical ingredients, including painkillers, antibiotics, antidiabetics, beta blockers, contraceptives, lipid regulators, antidepressants, and impotence drugs. Only a small subset of these ECs has been investigated in environmental studies.In recent years significant research has been undertaken for the development of technologies for the removal of emerging pollutants (ECs) in water. Advanced wastewater treatment processes, including ozonation, UV irradiation, photolysis, reverse osmosis, peroxidation (peroxide and UV), and ultrasound can generally achieve higher reduction percentages than conventional treatment. While there are a wide range of drinking water treatment processes in use, none have been specifically designed for the reduction of PPCP/EDCs.
1. Phase-changing technologies
Technologies capable of moving contaminants from one phase (e.g., water) into another (e.g., solid) have been widely reported in the removal of emerging contaminants. Adsorption processes have been extensively studied for the removal of several different pollutants
2. Adsorption using activated carbon (AC)
Activated carbon (AC) is the most frequently used material because of its high porosity and specific surface area. These features make AC highly adsorptive and effective in removing a range of contaminants [53–55].
3. Adsorption using Biochar.
4. Adsorption by clay mineral
5. Other adsorbents
Several other adsorbent materials have been reported in research literature for removing ECs. These include zeolites, meso- and micro-porous materials, resins, and metal oxides Membrane Technology..
6. Biological Process.(with activated sludge system)
7. Advanced oxidation Process.
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Emerging contaminants
Groundwater
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Dear Cyril,
Groundwater contamination occurs when man-made products such as gasoline, oil, road salts and chemicals such as arsenic-based and DDT, heavy metal and inorganic contaminants such as fluoride and nitrate get into the groundwater and cause it to become unsafe and unfit for human use. Now days most promising contaminants micro plastics is also in trends.
Please find the attachments and see the given below link.
Regards
Krishna
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I am interested to study the effects of some new emerging contaminants of water for toxicological analysis using fish. I want to find some contaminats that are environmentally relevent and not much explored.
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Hello,
Plastic nano residues are gaining attention all over the world as emerging contaminants in ocean waters.
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The use of aquatic macrophytes to treat emerging contaminants in secondary wastewater effluents. Is that possible?
Emerging contaminants like Prescription and non-prescription drugs, Home care products, Veterinary and human antibiotics, Industrial and household products, Sex and steroidal hormones, and other endocrine disrupters.
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Aquatic plants like lemna (duckweed), typha etc. are known to remove toxic substances from wastewater and can also be used for emerging contaminants. However, further research is needed
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Water is becoming an increasingly scarce resource. Oil-field frac water has now been used to grow Bermuda grass. Recycled wastewater, as a broad class, is being converted to drinking water as well as water for irrigating crops consumed raw. Some crop plants can bioaccumulate toxins and pathogens. The water quality standards, if they exist, vary. The lab tests may or may not reflect reality. This variation in the background would seem to raise questions as to the prudence of its use in certain instances. Is the water safe or is it just technically legal? If the former-----well and good, but if the latter?
At the 2006 at the Environmental Law Conference in Yosemite, various papers were delivered. Session # 27 was to contain some interesting insight into an area known as "non-action by regulators". One of the session's papers was on pharmaceuticals in groundwater. Of particular interest was a paper undertaking the analysis of the Safe Drinking Water Act. Its author, one of the US/EPA drinking water toxicologists finished his delivered paper with the following: “Bottom line on almost all of the “emerging” contaminants that have attracted attention: It will be a long time, if ever, before they are regulated under the SDWA.” But, that was an issue raised about the SDWA. What about other standards?
Are the standards failing to keep up with the input of emerging contaminants? EPA, per TSCA, estimated an addition of somewhere between 500 and 600 new chemicals per year. What might be the range of potential impacts to the human metabolic processes? What percentage enter the aquatic resource base? Who is following this and are those impacts growing or are we just better able to measure them? Does the regulatory community really know? What are the costs to know, and conversely, to not know? Are these questions warranting an answer? These are some questions that come to mind.
To look at this general policy area, I'd like to single out just one of the many metabolic systems that might be affected by uncontrolled emerging contaminants. Of interest because of its critical metabolic functions I will want to briefly look at the mitochondria as a point of discussion.
I tried to print your large paper, but that failed. Can you send a printable form?
Dr Edo McGowam
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The data you gather would also be of interest to me as the local government is contemplating recharge of our underlying aquifer with recycled wastewater
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Is it possible to consider the antibiotics that used in  pharmaceutical products for livestock as emerging contaminants? or there are some specified antibiotics like sulfamethoxazole  that should be considered as emerging contaminants.
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Yes, I think it is "possible" 
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Is anyone familiar with any monitoring projects to study trends in emerging contaminants in developing countries?
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 Dear Timothy
In many countries like Iran many projects have been doing due to vast environmental pollution and contamination especially in heavy metal and Nitrate and Nitrite presence in food and medicinal plants.
What is your exact and specified point?
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Emerging Contaminants like Prescription and non-prescription drugs, Home care products, Veterinary and human antibiotics, Industrial and household products, Sex and steroidal hormones, Other endocrine disrupters
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In Poseidon, which ended more than a decade ago, it was indeed investigated how much Membrane Biological Reactor (MBR) could improve biodegradation. The generally theory behind this is that it has been observed that the ability to degrade organic micropollutants in conventional activated sludge (CAS) increases with higher sludge retention time (average age of biomass) and MBR can operate with higher sludge age than is practically possible in CAS. Additionally sludge flocs in in MBR are smaller than flocs in CAS, which gives a kinetic advantage for MBR.
Sadly, the conclusion is that biodegradation rates for organic micropollutants only improve slightly in MBR compared to CAS. As MBR use significantly more energy for aeration than conventional activated sludge (CAS) it is not a great advantage.
In my comment above I wrote about Moving Bed Biofilm Reactors (MBBR) in which activated sludge is replaced with suspended biofilm. MBBR has more or less the same energy consumption for aeration as CAS. In biofilms the sludge age is extremely high in the lower layers of the biofilm while it is short in the surface, thus there is a continiium of different sludge ages in the same tank that allows more different microorganisms to co-exist. Additionally biofilms in wastewater treatment have a greater redox stratification than is seen in CAs flocs. Altogether this appears to give a greater ability to degrade organic chemicals than is found in CAS.
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Off course, regulation will be the determining factor, but when do you expect things to change significantly?
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Albert,
If I understand your answer correctly (it contains some grammatical errors), you are not really convinced about the relevance of this discussion. In fact, I am and a lot of other people too. The discussion is very complex and consequences will be significant. I hope for some more constructive answers.