Electromagnetism - Science topic

In this lecture the historical foundations of relativity are explored elaborating that the key concepts and the key mathematical expressions existed well before Albert Einstein. One year before the publication of Einstein’s paper, Henri Poincaré (1904) enunciated the principle of relativity. Also, complete mathematical framework was available throu...

Dr. Eugene Guth was fortunate to have one-on-one meetings with Albert Einstein once in Europe and once in the USA. The meeting in Europe was thought to have focused on Einstein's Ph.D. thesis and subsequent work on the viscosity theory of suspensions and rheology. The meeting in the USA was thought to have focused more on general topics in physics...

Ferrofluids offer a wide range of applications by enabling wearless systems for future space missions. As part of the FARGO (Ferrofluid Application Research Goes Orbital) project, an active Thermal Switch using ferrofluid was developed and validated during a 26-day International Space Station (ISS) mission. This experiment was conducted as part of...

The search for more sustainable and efficient propulsion & power systems has become a focal point in aerospace engineering, driven by the necessity to reduce carbon emissions and mitigate environmental impact. In response, this paper explores the optimized fabrication of an Adams pulse motor integrated with an Arduino microcontroller, aiming to enh...

Some of the main points - a) quantum interpretation of Maxwell's electromagnetism, b) fundamental units space-time emerges from, c) support for fundamental units from image of single photon's shape, d) vector-tensor-scalar (VTS) and elliptical VTS geometries, e) static universe derived from positive and negative space-time curvatures producing flat...

Permanent magnet magnetic levitation (PMFL) system has the characteristics of zero-power levitation, strong load-carrying capacity and self-stabilization, so it has obvious advantages in the application of rail transportation and heavy-duty transmission and other fields. However, due to the lack of active control of electromagnetism and the existen...

Superconductors play a crucial role in the advancement of high-field electromagnets. Unfortunately, their performance can be compromised by thermomagnetic instabilities, wherein the interplay of rapid magnetic and slow heat diffusion can result in catastrophic flux jumps, eventually leading to irreversible damage. This issue has long plagued high-J...

To solve the difficulty of inverse design of metal-loaded electromagnetic devices, we propose a physics-informed neural network (PINN) framework. With the emergence of PINNs, some scholars within the field of electromagnetism have utilized them to design dielectric-loaded electromagnetic devices. However, using PINN to design metal-loaded electroma...

This study evaluates a new educational approach using augmented reality to simulate physical models, aiming to enhance perceived learning in electrical engineering. A literature review on augmented reality in education, particularly for electrical engineering, is conducted. An electromagnetism lecture on Coulomb’s Law, Electric Fields, and Electric...

The paper "Quantum Measurement Units (QMU)" presents a comprehensive framework for quantifying and describing quantum phenomena through a novel system of units based on fundamental quantum measurements. This system, which is integral to the Aether Physics Model (APM), introduces over 260 unique units that describe everything from fundamental electr...

This study introduces an innovative terahertz-based biosensor designed for the direct detection of dopamine. By leveraging surface plasmon resonance (SPR) principles, extensive computational electromagnetic simulations are conducted to optimize the sensor design across the 0.1–0.6 THz frequency spectrum. The proposed biosensor exhibits exceptional...

This study aims to experimentally verify the Hall effect, a phenomenon arising when a magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the flow of electric current in a conductor. The experiment employed a GaAs Hall sensor to measure the Hall voltage under varying magnetic fields and current intensities. The obtained data were analyzed to determine the H...

The China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES-01) is the first satellite of the space-based observational platform for the earthquake (EQ) monitoring system in China. It aims to monitor the ionospheric disturbances related to EQ activities by acquiring global electromagnetic fields, ionospheric plasma, energy particles, etc., opening a new path...

The axion were proposed as a result to a solution to the Strong CP Problem in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and is now considered a leading candidate for dark matter. Direct axion dark matter detection experiments are challenging due to the axion's weak interaction with electromagnetism. Recent work has suggested the possibility of an enhancement of...

We present an algebraic reformulation of Maxwell's equations by modeling spacetime and electromagnetic fields using matrix methods. By representing the electromagnetic potentials, fields, and interactions as finite-dimensional matrices on a discrete spacetime lattice, we develop a framework that naturally incorporates Planck-scale structure. This a...

This Presentation Presents Arguments and Evidence that Not Only Time. but Quantum Mechanics is Emergent and proceeds from the Quantization of Electric Charge and Their Dynamics in the Early Big Bang

Armageddon-A Hermeneutic Interoretation through the lens of Funambulism

The field of physics, particularly medical physics, plays a crucial role in physiotherapy and medicine in general. Forces and pressures are crucial factors that physiotherapists and other healthcare professionals consider when treating patients. In physiotherapy, these forces can aid rehabilitation and pose challenges. This paper explains the princ...

The electromagnet is the most used driving device for hydraulic valves; especially the proportional electromagnet with constant force characteristics is the basis for the excellent control performance of hydraulic valves. However, the constant force characteristics of the proportional electromagnet are related to many parameters and are difficult t...

The present research aimed to analyze the conceptions of students from the Department of Physics Education regarding the basic concept of an electrical circuit, as well as to evaluate the responses provided by them. The study focused on alternative conceptions related to the concepts of simple electrical circuits. One of the most common and wide...

This paper presents a novel formulation of the Schwarzschild metric, derived as a solution to the Einstein Field Equations by introducing a generalized potential that shares units with the gravitational potential. This unified potential framework incorporates gravitational, inertial, electric, and magnetic potentials within a single formalism. By r...

This PhD thesis is submitted to arXiv as a pedagogical resource on gravitational effective field theories and the laws of black hole mechanics. It begins with an introduction to the mathematics and intuition behind effective field theory (EFT) corrections to General Relativity (GR) pitched at the level of a first year postgraduate course. Chapter 3...

Ultralight dark matter (ULDM), as a class of low mass (< 1 eV) dark matter (DM) candidates, is a compelling alternative to historically dominant models such as WIMPs and has recently gained significant attention in the scientific community. In this thesis, we study various experimental schemes for the direct detection of ULDM, both on ground and in...

The National Centre for Nuclear Research is planning to build a facility based on a free-electron laser (FEL) photon source. It is the first center to build this kind of facility in Eastern Europe. The laser radiation source relies on a superconducting linear electron accelerator. Ultimately, electrons are to be accelerated to energies of 72 MeV, 1...

Schwarzschild and Reissner–Nordstrøm black hole solutions are found in the context of a non-minimal matter–curvature coupling with Weyl connection both in vacuum and in the presence of a cosmological constant-like matter content. This model has the advantage of an extra force term which can mimic dark matter and dark energy, and simultaneously foll...

We revisit planar vortex solutions within a model derived from the dimensional reduction of scalar electromagnetism, with a quartic potential incorporating the Carroll–Field–Jackiw term. We explore analytically and numerically the influence of a Lorentz symmetry-breaking constant field on these configurations and our analysis shows how this constan...

In this contribution the authors propose a hybrid Boundary Element Method – Physics Informed Neural Networks (BEM – PINN) approach, to be used for the resolution of partial differential equations arising when formulating boundary-value problems in electromagnetism. The approach retains both the advantages of integral methods (compact representation...

Probability distribution theory helps in studying the impact of various dimensions in life while the Mittag-Leffler function and bicomplex are used in electromagnetism, quantum mechanics, and signal theory. Considering the importance of both, the purpose of this paper is to introduce bicomplex Mittag-Leffler distribution theory with the help of the...

In the strong magnetic field of a neutron star’s magnetosphere, axions coupled to electromagnetism develop a nonzero probability to convert into photons. Past studies have revealed that the axion-photon conversion can be resonantly enhanced. We recognize that the axion-photon resonance admits two parametrically distinct resonant solutions, which we...

This paper presents a new approach to gravity, proposing it originates from a 'Nuclear Polarization Force' rooted in the electromagnetic properties of atomic nuclei, rather than mass or space-time curvature. Unlike Newtonian and Einsteinian models, which attribute gravity to either mass-based attraction or the warping of space-time, this theory ass...

Elastic wave manipulation using large arrays of resonators is driving the need for advanced simulation and optimization methods. To address this we introduce and explore a robust framework for wave control: quasinormal modes (QNMs). Specifically, we consider the problem for thin elastic plates, where the Green's function formalism is well known and...

In-operando techniques enable real-time measurement of intricate physical properties at the micro- and nano-scale under external stimuli, allowing the study of a wide range of materials and functionalities. In nanomagnetism, in-operando techniques greatly benefit from precise three-dimensional (3D) magnetic field control, enabling access to complex...

We reconstruct Quantum Mechanics in a way that harmonises with Classical Mechanics and Electromagnetism, free from mysteries or paradoxes as the collapse of the wave-function or Schrödinger's cat. The construction is inspired by de Broglie and Schrödinger's wave mechanics while the unifying principle is Hamilton's principle of least action, which s...

We discuss the reactions π p → π p and π p → π p γ from a general quantum field theory (QFT) point of view, describing these reactions in QCD and lowest relevant order of electromagnetism. We consider the pion-proton elastic scattering both off shell and on shell. The on-shell amplitudes for π ± p → π ± p scattering are described by two invariant a...

School and undergraduate students are almost always taught the equations of electromagnetism using a set of conventions that are described as the SI. More advanced students are often introduced to different conventions that produce different equations for the same relationships, using either the Gaussian or Heaviside-Lorentz systems. In general, th...

In this paper, we explore the emergence of a Berry electric field and the concept of a generalised Berry phase within the framework of time dependent Quantum systems. We introduce a novel theoretical formulation that incorporates a Berry scalar potential and derive new generalised Berry-Maxwell equations. This approach extends the traditional Berry...

In Part I we constructed the Quantum Mechanics of a charged unitary entity and prescribed the form in which such a particle interacts with other charged particles and matter in general. In this second part we extend the description to the hydrogen atom testing the correctness and accuracy of the general description. The relation between electron an...

The pursuit of innovative and sustainable engine technologies has led to the exploration of electromagnetic solenoid engines as a potential alternative to traditional internal combustion engines, specifically within the context of electric vehicles (EVs). This work aims to design, build, and test a prototype electromagnetic solenoid engine, leverag...

It was hypothesized in the literature that some physical parameters may be time-evolving and the astrophysical data can serve as a probe. Recently, James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) have released its early observations. In this work, we select the JWST spectroscopic observations of the high redshift ($z>7.1$) galaxies with strong [OIII] ($\lambda=4...

Electromagnetic wave propagation is often thought of as the transport of polarised light and this behaviour is well defined by Maxwell’s equations when propagating in an optical fiber. In this paper, we examine the q − direction and n − direction Berry’s phase equation along a Darboux framed optical fibre in Minkowski space. Next, we define q − dir...

We compute the evolution of linear perturbations on top of a background solution of a general nonlinear electromagnetic theory. This evolution can be described in terms of two effective metrics, and we analyse under what conditions they are conformally related, so that they can be regarded as analogue models of non-trivial gravitational fields in t...

The remarkable properties of magnetic nanostructures have sparked considerable interest within the biomedical domain, owing to their potential for diverse applications. In targeted drug delivery systems, therapeutic molecules can be loaded onto magnetic nanocarriers and precisely guided and released within the body with the assistance of an externa...

A recent article found that black holes with posited vacuum energy interior solutions alongside cosmological boundaries have a cosmological coupling constant of k=3, meaning that black holes gain mass proportional to a3 in a parameterization equation within a Robertson Walker cosmology – thus making black holes a cosmological dark energy species[1]...

The quest for the Fifth Force of nature, an elusive potential fundamental force beyond the four known forces of nature (gravity, electromagnetism, strong nuclear force, and weak nuclear force), has become a significant frontier in modern physics. Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) have opened new avenues for explorin...

Singular optics aims to understand and manipulate light's topological defects, pioneered by the discovery that phase vortex lines, strands of destructive interference, naturally occur in scalar wave fields. Monochromatic electromagnetic fields, however, are described by complex three-dimensional vectors that make individual scalar phase vortices in...

Este vídeo forma parte del curso de Elementos Básicos de Electromagnetismo, impartido en la Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo (UASD) Link del video: https://youtu.be/2uTUU7mzxIQ?si=8i2wtUkKq_Rj5ZO9

In the realm of electromagnetic (EM) courses in engineering, many studies have reported students’ learning difficulties related to mathematical frameworks representing physical phenomena. Students’ learning engagement and learning gains are not satisfying. The present study assessed first-year engineering students’ behavioural engagement and percei...

The Hypergeometrical Universe Theory (HU) introduces a novel model of the universe and matter, fundamentally altering our understanding of cosmology, quantum mechanics, and classical forces[Smarandache, F. (2007)][Smarandache, F., & Christianto, V. (2007)][Pereira, M., 2017][Pereira, M., 2018]. Central to HU is the concept of the Fundamental Dilato...

This work investigates and solves the time-fractional telegraph equations (TFTEs) occurring in electromagnetism, which serve as mathematical models in several practically significant applied research domains. Elzaki transform (ET) is employed in this process. Caputo sense describes fractional derivatives. Solutions of TFTEs were found in an easy-to...

Thermal emission from incandescent filaments is a key topic in thermodynamics, electromagnetism, and optics, with applications in lighting and infrared technologies. Incandescent filaments, typically made from materials like tungsten, emit light when an electric current heats them to high temperatures. The emission process is governed by blackbody...

The article changes the foundation of theoretical and mathematical physics by abandoning the principle of stationary action. It is shown that the use of the principle of stationary action in the theory of electromagnetism at the beginning of the 20th century led to the loss of uniqueness and to the loss of localization of electromagnetic energy tho...

In this paper, we study the trajectories of massive and massless particles in four dimensional static and spherically symmetric black holes in dRGT massive gravity theory via phase-plane analysis and point out several novel features. In particular, we show the existence of a static sphere, a finite radial distance outside the black holes in these t...

span>This study explores the modelling of a magnetic levitation train and its implementation using a microcontroller. Magnetic levitation (maglev) is a technology that enables vehicles to levitate and move without wheels. Maglev research has been conducted globally, but maglev trains haven't received much attention. Due to the sophisticated linear...

As of October 2024, the number of global confirmed cases of COVID-19 goes beyond 776 million, with over 7 million deaths, according to World Health Organization (WHO) website. This scarring figure has led to an impressive effort from the medical community, in the attempt to early detect the signs of the infection. Whereas the Reverse Transcription...

Introduction Whereas it is commonly assumed that in learning science, representational competence is a critical prerequisite for the acquisition of conceptual knowledge, comprehensive psychometric investigations of this assumption are rare. We undertake a step in this direction by re-analyzing the data from a recent study that found a substantial c...

In this paper, the dimensional reduction is applied to the Lee-Wick electrodynamics in which the classical sources are confined on a spatial plane. As result, the Lee-Wick pseudo-electrodynamics is achieved as a non-local electromagnetism defined in $1+2$ dimensions. The abelian Anderson-Higgs mechanism is so introduced in the Lee-Wick pseudo-elect...

Superconducting quantum processors are a compelling platform for analogue quantum simulation due to the precision control, fast operation and site-resolved readout inherent to the hardware. Arrays of coupled superconducting qubits natively emulate the dynamics of interacting particles according to the Bose–Hubbard model. However, many interesting c...

During the manufacturing process, various raw materials and finished goods have to be handled in manufacturing industries. As the shapes and material properties of each raw material / finished good to be handled are different, it gets difficult for a single-head crane to handle diverse materials. At present forklifts and hook-headed cranes are bein...

Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) investigates the intricate relationship between electromagnetism and fluid dynamics, offering a complete insight into the behavior of conducting fluids under the influence of magnetic fields. This theory plays a pivotal role in the framework of magnetic confinement fusion, where it can be applied to describe both thermonu...

In the context of the Bridge Electromagnetic Theory, a quantum-relativistic theory based on Maxwellian electromagnetism, it has recently been shown that the characteristics of a hydrogen atom can be obtained through an electron-proton orbital capture process forming a non-radial emitting dipolar electromagnetic source. The model structurally differ...

Water-window X-rays are crucial in medical and biological applications, enabling the natural-contrast imaging of biological cells without external staining. However, water-window X-ray sources with bespoke photon energies—needed in high-contrast imaging—remain challenging to obtain, except at large synchrotron facilities. Here we address this chall...

This article begins by exploring split-complex numbers, also known as dual or double numbers, a mathematical concept that extends the real number system by creating a commutative ring with a zero divisor. Furthermore, the paper extends the Taylor series theory from the real analysis domain to the domain of split-complex numbers, thereby establishin...

The presence of the repulsive force among the same charges in capacitors has never been raised as a valid issue in consideration of the stored energy in the conventional electronic circuit theory. This energy was considered already included in the conventional calculation of the stored capacitor energy. However, when the charges in the two shells o...

Conformément aux programmes officiels du LMD, ce fascicule s’adresse aux étudiants de la première année du système LMD, domaines Sciences et Technologie (ST) et Sciences de la Matière (SM), deuxième semestre de l'année universitaire. Cet ouvrage contient l’énoncé et la solution des exercices et problèmes. Il rassemble les notions fondamentales rel...

In this work, we present the Electric Motor simulator, an application from the SimuF\'isica\textsuperscript{\textregistered} platform designed for classroom use. We briefly describe the technologies behind the application, the equations that govern its operation, some studies showing the dynamics of the electric motor, and, finally, the use of the...

Systems of PDEs comprised of a combination of constraints and evolution equations are ubiquitous in physics. For both theoretical and practical reasons, such as numerical integration, it is desirable to have a systematic understanding of the well-posedness of the Cauchy problem for these systems. Presently we review the use of hyperbolic reductions...

We propose a simple modification of space-based gravitational wave (GW) detector optical benches which would enable the measurement of vacuum birefringence of light induced by axion dark matterthrough its coupling to electromagnetism. While marginally affecting the sensitivity to GW by a factor $\sqrt{2}$, we show that such an adjustment would make...

Obesity has emerged as a global epidemic and represents a major risk factor for numerous chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Although adopting a healthy diet and regular exercise remain the cornerstones of weight management, recent research has revealed that cold exposure and associated muscle contractions...

This research presents an optimized design for a tooth-shaped magnetorheological brake (MRB) with multiple coils. The MRB configuration consists of a disk immersed in magnetorheological fluid (MRF), where four coils act as electromagnets when an electric current is applied. The energized coils induce the alignment of suspended particles in the MRF,...

This study presents the design and analysis of a proportional electromagnet used in electro-pneumatic brake systems for heavy vehicles. The solenoid was designed using a traditional method and its static and dynamic characteristics were investigated both theoretically and experimentally. ANSYS Maxwell was employed for theoretical static analysis, f...

Slobodan Babic's research has had a significant impact in the field of electromagnetics, particularly in areas related to analytical and semi-analytical solutions for problems in electromagnetic theory. His work is widely recognized for advancing methods for calculating parameters such as mutual inductance, magnetic force, and magnetic fields betwe...

A gradient of a single salt in a solution generates an electric field, but not a current. Recent theoretical work by one of us [Phys. Rev. Lett. 24, 248004 (2020)] showed that the Nernst-Planck equations imply that crossed gradients of two or more different salts generate ion currents. These currents in solution have associated non-local electric f...

A theoretical and computational framework for the study and engineering of light–matter interactions is reviewed in here. The framework rests on the invariance properties of electromagnetism, and is formalized in a Hilbert space whose conformally invariant scalar product provides connections to physical quantities, such as the energy or momentum of...

System dynamics serves as a crucial foundation for evaluating the performance of mechanical auxiliary equipment. To enhance the stability and reliability of the badminton launch process, structural design and dynamic analysis were conducted on a mode-adjustable, precise control badminton serving mechanism. The combination of eccentric crank-slider...

In this article, based on the structure of the gravitational field, the Mobius sensor is introduced to detect the fluctuations of the gravitational field. Knowing the structure of the gravitational field determines the relationship between electromagnetism and gravity. So far, no interaction between electromagnetic force and gravity has been observ...

Continuous development of photonic crystals (PCs) over the last 30 years has carved out many new scientific frontiers. However, creating tunable PCs that enable flexible control of geometric configurations remains a challenge. Here we present a scheme to produce a tunable plasma photonic crystal (PPC) ‘kaleidoscope’ with rich diversity of structura...

The Ferrofluid Application Study (FerrAS) project explores the potential of ferrofluid applications in microgravity environments. The primary objectives of this project are to verify two novel pumping concepts - a Displacement Pump (DP) and a Linear Pump (LP) - in milligravity, as well as a respective performance characterization. The motivation be...

O livro, estruturado em seis capítulos, apresenta uma abordagem prática para o ensino de Física usando experimentos e modelos construídos com materiais de baixo custo e facilmente acessíveis. O objetivo é permitir que estudantes, educadores e interessados explorem conceitos complexos de Física, como Mecânica, Óptica, Termodinâmica e Eletromagnetism...

Objective. To investigate magnetic field effects on the dose distribution and ionization chambers response in carbon ion reference fields and determine magnetic field correction factors for chambers of different volumes. Approach. The response of six Farmer-type chambers with varying radii (1–6 mm, termed as R1–R6) was measured in magnetic fields u...